A rear-end collision, often called rear-ending or, in the UK, a shunt, occurs when a forward-moving vehicle crashes into the back of another vehicle in front of it. Similarly, rear-end rail collisions occur when a train runs into the end of a preceding train on the same track. Common factors contributing to rear-end collisions include driver inattention or distraction, tailgating, panic stops, brake checking and reduced traction due to wet weather or worn pavement.
A rear-end collision in Yate, near Bristol, England, in July 2004. The car failed to stop when the semi truck stopped at a roundabout. The car's bonnet can be seen deep under the rear of the lorry.
A severe rear-end collision that resulted in a burning wreckage along the North–South Expressway in Malaysia. All occupants escaped.
Tailgating is the action of a driver driving behind another vehicle while not leaving sufficient distance to stop without causing a collision if the vehicle in front stops suddenly.
A typical example of tailgating. The first car is being followed very closely by another.
Anti-tailgating signage and pavement markings in the United Kingdom