Red Ruthenia, also called Red Rus' or Red Russia, is a term used since the Middle Ages for the south-western principalities of Kievan Rus', namely the Principality of Peremyshl and the Principality of

Chełm Land was a region of the Kingdom of Poland and later of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Today, the region is situated in the modern states of Poland, Ukraine, and Belarus. As an exclave of t