A refectory is a dining room, especially in monasteries, boarding schools and academic institutions. One of the places the term is most often used today is in graduate seminaries. The name derives from the Latin reficere "to remake or restore," via Late Latin refectorium, which means "a place one goes to be restored".
The refectory of the Convent of Christ in Tomar, Portugal
Summer Refectory in the Grand Masters' Palace, Malbork Castle
Trapezna (refectory church) at Kiev Pechersk Lavra
The refectory at Pomona College's Frary Dining Hall in 2018 (View as a 360° panorama)
A dining room is a room for consuming food. In modern times it is usually adjacent to the kitchen for convenience in serving, although in medieval times it was often on an entirely different floor level. Historically the dining room is furnished with a rather large dining table and several dining chairs; the most common shape is generally rectangular with two armed end chairs and an even number of un-armed side chairs along the long sides.
Historical example of a domestic dining room in Germany.
Dining Room in the Łańcut Castle, Poland
Dining room of West End mansion at Hardman Farm near Helen, GA
Dining room at Sam Bell Maxey House in Paris, TX