Relinquishment of United States nationality
Under United States federal law, a U.S. citizen or national may voluntarily and intentionally give up that status and become an alien with respect to the United States. Relinquishment is distinct from denaturalization, which in U.S. law refers solely to cancellation of illegally procured naturalization.
A Certificate of Loss of Nationality of the United States, issued to an ex-citizen as official documentation of his decision to relinquish U.S. citizenship.
The State Department now requires that a relinquisher seeking to obtain a Certificate of Loss of Nationality attend an in-person interview at a U.S. diplomatic mission abroad, such as the U.S. Consulate in Amsterdam (pictured), to assess the person's intent towards U.S. citizenship.
Mike Gogulski voluntarily gave up his U.S. citizenship without acquiring any other.
Valdas Adamkus renounced U.S. citizenship to run for president of Lithuania, and was elected to the position twice.
United States nationality law
United States nationality law details the conditions in which a person holds United States nationality. In the United States, nationality is typically obtained through provisions in the U.S. Constitution, various laws, and international agreements. Citizenship is established as a right under the Constitution, not as a privilege, for those born in the United States under its jurisdiction and those who have been "naturalized". While domestic documents often use the words citizenship and nationality interchangeably, nationality is a broader term that refers to national identity and formal membership in a nation, while citizen is reserved to nationals who have the recognized status of citizenship.
Physicist Albert Einstein receiving his Certificate of Naturalization from Judge Phillip Forman in 1940
A judge swears in a new citizen. New York, 1910
A State Department certification of report of birth, issued between 1990 and 2010
A State Department consular report of birth abroad, issued beginning 2011