1.
Katy, Texas
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Katy is a city in the U. S. state of Texas, within the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan area. The city is located in Harris, Fort Bend, and Waller counties, the population was 14,102 at the 2010 census, up from 11,775 at the 2000 census. The population was estimated to be 16,158 in 2015, in the mid-1800s Katy was known as Cane Island, named for the creek that runs through the area, a branch of Buffalo Bayou. The creek was filled with cane, presumed to have been planted by residents to aid in fur trapping. In the middle of the coastal prairie, this island of cane was surrounded by an ocean of tall grass. The trail from Harrisburg to San Antonio, known as the San Felipe Road, in 1845 James J. Crawford received a land grant that included this area. The hot summers, cold winters, thick mud and voracious mosquitoes made it difficult to attract settlers to the area, thirty years later Crawford, John Sills, and freedmen Thomas and Mary Robinson were the only recorded residents of Cane Island. In 1893 the Missouri–Kansas–Texas Railroad started laying rails through Cane Island, the railroad began operation in 1895. That same year James Oliver Thomas laid out a town, the name was based on the MKT Railroad and the anticipations of prosperity its arrival would bring to the new town. The town developed around the train stop and railroad tracks. By the early 1900s many families had come by train and wagon to establish Katy, several hotels, stores, liveries and saloons were prospering, and farms and ranches were being developed on the wild prairie. Cotton and peanuts were the first successful crops, but rice soon became the commodity crop. Katy later became known for farming, the first concrete rice driers in the state of Texas were built here in 1944. In 1945 the city of Katy was incorporated as a municipality, boundaries were determined by finding the area that contained the most residents and was reasonably sized so that it could be managed by city services. The city of Katy is now the anchor for the greater Katy area, the construction and opening of Interstate 10 in 1966 allowed for rapid development of the area, as Houston expanded westward. The city has grown to a population of approximately 16,000 residents, almost 270,000 people live in the Katy area, which has won national accolades for growth and sustainability. In 2009 the Gadberry Group named Katy as one of 9 from 2009 most notable areas in the United States. Several corporations are headquartered in areas surrounding Katy, igloo Corporation is headquartered west of Katy in unincorporated Waller County
2.
Texas
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Texas is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population. Other major cities include Austin, the second most populous state capital in the U. S. Texas is nicknamed the Lone Star State to signify its former status as an independent republic, and as a reminder of the states struggle for independence from Mexico. The Lone Star can be found on the Texan state flag, the origin of Texass name is from the word Tejas, which means friends in the Caddo language. Due to its size and geologic features such as the Balcones Fault, although Texas is popularly associated with the U. S. southwestern deserts, less than 10 percent of Texas land area is desert. Most of the centers are located in areas of former prairies, grasslands, forests. Traveling from east to west, one can observe terrain that ranges from coastal swamps and piney woods, to rolling plains and rugged hills, the term six flags over Texas refers to several nations that have ruled over the territory. Spain was the first European country to claim the area of Texas, Mexico controlled the territory until 1836 when Texas won its independence, becoming an independent Republic. In 1845, Texas joined the United States as the 28th state, the states annexation set off a chain of events that caused the Mexican–American War in 1846. A slave state before the American Civil War, Texas declared its secession from the U. S. in early 1861, after the Civil War and the restoration of its representation in the federal government, Texas entered a long period of economic stagnation. One Texan industry that thrived after the Civil War was cattle, due to its long history as a center of the industry, Texas is associated with the image of the cowboy. The states economic fortunes changed in the early 20th century, when oil discoveries initiated a boom in the state. With strong investments in universities, Texas developed a diversified economy, as of 2010 it shares the top of the list of the most Fortune 500 companies with California at 57. With a growing base of industry, the leads in many industries, including agriculture, petrochemicals, energy, computers and electronics, aerospace. Texas has led the nation in export revenue since 2002 and has the second-highest gross state product. The name Texas, based on the Caddo word tejas meaning friends or allies, was applied by the Spanish to the Caddo themselves, during Spanish colonial rule, the area was officially known as the Nuevo Reino de Filipinas, La Provincia de Texas. Texas is the second largest U. S. state, behind Alaska, though 10 percent larger than France and almost twice as large as Germany or Japan, it ranks only 27th worldwide amongst country subdivisions by size. If it were an independent country, Texas would be the 40th largest behind Chile, Texas is in the south central part of the United States of America. Three of its borders are defined by rivers, the Rio Grande forms a natural border with the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the south
3.
University of Texas at Austin
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Founded in 1881 as The University of Texas, its campus is in Austin, Texas—approximately 1 mile from the Texas State Capitol. The institution has the nations seventh-largest single-campus enrollment, with over 50,000 undergraduate and graduate students and over 24,000 faculty, UT Austin was inducted into the American Association of Universities in 1929, becoming only the third university in the American South to be elected. It is a center for academic research, with research expenditures exceeding $550 million for the 2014–2015 school year. J. Pickle Research Campus and the McDonald Observatory, among university faculty are recipients of the Nobel Prize, Pulitzer Prize, the Wolf Prize, the Emmy Award, the Turing Award, and the National Medal of Science, as well as many other awards. UT Austin student athletes compete as the Texas Longhorns and are members of the Big 12 Conference and its Longhorn Network is the only sports network featuring the college sports of a single university. The first mention of a university in Texas can be traced to the 1827 constitution for the Mexican state of Coahuila y Tejas. Although Title 6, Article 217 of the Constitution promised to establish education in the arts and sciences. On April 18,1838, An Act to Establish the University of Texas was referred to a committee of the Texas Congress. On January 26,1839, the Texas Congress agreed to set aside fifty leagues of land towards the establishment of a publicly funded university, in addition,40 acres in the new capital of Austin were reserved and designated College Hill. In 1845, Texas was annexed into the United States, interestingly, the states Constitution of 1845 failed to mention higher education. On February 11,1858, the Seventh Texas Legislature approved O. B,102, an act to establish the University of Texas, which set aside $100,000 in United States bonds toward construction of the states first publicly funded university. The legislature also designated land reserved for the encouragement of railroad construction toward the universitys endowment, Texas secession from the Union and the American Civil War delayed repayment of the borrowed monies. At the end of the Civil War in 1865, The University of Texas endowment was just over $16,000 in warrants, the more valuable lands reverted to the fund to support general education in the state. The legislature additionally appropriated $256,272.57 to repay the funds taken from the university in 1860 to pay for frontier defense, the 1883 grant of land increased the land in the Permanent University Fund to almost 2.2 million acres. Under the Act of 1858, the university was entitled to just over 1,000 acres of land for every mile of railroad built in the state. On March 30,1881, the legislature set forth the structure and organization. By popular election on September 6,1881, Austin was chosen as the site, galveston, having come in second in the election was designated the location of the medical department. On November 17,1882, on the original College Hill, smite the earth, smite the rocks with the rod of knowledge and fountains of unstinted wealth will gush forth
4.
Kenny Chesney
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Kenneth Arnold Kenny Chesney is an American country music singer, songwriter and record producer. He has recorded 20 albums,14 of which have been certified Gold or higher by the RIAA. He has also produced more than 40 top 10 singles on the U. S. Billboard Hot Country Songs, most of these have also charted high within the top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100 chart, making him one of the few successful crossover country artists. He has sold over 30 million albums worldwide, Chesney co-directed and produced a film for ESPN entitled The Boys of Fall. He has received six Academy of Country Music awards, as well as six awards from the Country Music Association and he is one of the most popular touring acts in country music, regularly selling out the venues in which he performs. His 2007 Flip-Flop Summer Tour was the country road trip of the year. The Country Music Association honored Chesney with the Entertainer of the Year award in 2004,2006,2007, and 2008. Other notable awards he received include the Academy of Country Musics 1997 New Male Vocalist of the Year,2002 Top Male Vocalist of the Year, and he was awarded his fourth consecutive Entertainer of the Year award from the Academy of Country Music on May 18,2008. Chesney was born on March 26,1968, in Knoxville, Tennessee, at St. Marys Medical Center and was raised in Luttrell and he is the son of David Chesney, a former elementary school teacher, and Karen Chandler, a hair stylist in the Knoxville area. Chesney has one sibling, a sister named Jennifer Chandler. In 1986, Chesney graduated from Gibbs High School, where he played baseball and football and he received his first guitar, The Terminor, for Christmas and began teaching himself how to play it. He sold 1,000 copies while performing at the clubs in Johnson City. After graduation from East Tennessee State in 1990, he headed to Nashville and he became the resident performer at The Turf, a honky tonk bar in the citys historic district. In 1992, the head of writer relations at BMI, Clay Bradley, recommended Chesney to his friend at Opryland Music Group, Troy Tomlinson, by saying, I met this kid today from East Tennessee. He’s a good singer, a songwriter, and more than anything, I think you’re going to really like him as a person. ”For the audition for Tomlinson. I thought that he very well too. But more than anything there was a kind of this look in his eyes - I was really drawn in by the fact that he was so set on being successful in this business. Chesney left the audition with a songwriter’s contract, an appearance at a songwriter’s showcase the following year led to a contract with Capricorn Records, which had recently started a country division
5.
Academy Awards
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The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname Oscar. The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by AMPAS, the awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953. It is now live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online. The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony and its equivalents – the Emmy Awards for television, the Tony Awards for theater, and the Grammy Awards for music and recording – are modeled after the Academy Awards. The 89th Academy Awards ceremony, honoring the best films of 2016, were held on February 26,2017, at the Dolby Theatre, in Los Angeles, the ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC. A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th, the first Academy Awards presentation was held on May 16,1929, at a private dinner function at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel with an audience of about 270 people. The post-awards party was held at the Mayfair Hotel, the cost of guest tickets for that nights ceremony was $5. Fifteen statuettes were awarded, honoring artists, directors and other participants in the industry of the time. The ceremony ran for 15 minutes, winners were announced to media three months earlier, however, that was changed for the second ceremony in 1930. Since then, for the rest of the first decade, the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11,00 pm on the night of the awards. The first Best Actor awarded was Emil Jannings, for his performances in The Last Command and he had to return to Europe before the ceremony, so the Academy agreed to give him the prize earlier, this made him the first Academy Award winner in history. With the fourth ceremony, however, the system changed, for the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years. At the 29th ceremony, held on March 27,1957, until then, foreign-language films had been honored with the Special Achievement Award. The 74th Academy Awards, held in 2002, presented the first Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, since 1973, all Academy Awards ceremonies always end with the Academy Award for Best Picture. The Academy also awards Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting, see also § Awards of Merit categories The best known award is the Academy Award of Merit, more popularly known as the Oscar statuette. The five spokes represent the branches of the Academy, Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers. The model for the statuette is said to be Mexican actor Emilio El Indio Fernández, sculptor George Stanley sculpted Cedric Gibbons design. The statuettes presented at the ceremonies were gold-plated solid bronze
6.
British Academy Film Awards
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The British Academy Film Awards are presented in an annual award show hosted by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts to honour the best British and international contributions to film. Between 2008 and 2016, the ceremony was held in central London at the Royal Opera House, the 70th British Academy Film Awards were held on 12 February 2017 at the Royal Albert Hall in London. British Academy of Film and Television Arts was founded in 1947 as The British Film Academy, by David Lean, Alexander Korda, Carol Reed, Charles Laughton, Roger Manvell and others. BAFTA stated charitable purpose is to support, develop and promote the art forms of the image, by identifying and rewarding excellence, inspiring practitioners. In addition to awards ceremonies BAFTA runs a year-round programme of educational events including film screenings. BAFTA is supported by a membership of about 6,000 people from the film, television, the Academys awards are in the form of a theatrical mask designed by American sculptor Mitzi Cunliffe, which was commissioned by the Guild of Television Producers in 1955. The ceremony previously took place in April or May and since 2002 it takes place in February in order to precede the Oscars. The awards are open to all nationalities, though there is an award for Outstanding British Film. Only UK films are eligible for the categories of The British Short Film, the Awards ceremony is delayed broadcast on British television the same evening, and across the world for example its shown on BBC America in the United States. It has been broadcast in colour since 1970, the award ceremony is held in London. From 2000 to 2007 the ceremonies took place at the flagship Odeon cinema in Leicester Square, between 2008 and 2016, the ceremonies took place at the Royal Opera House. The 70th Awards in 2017 were held at the Royal Albert Hall, until 2012, the mobile network Orange sponsored the awards and starting in 2013 Oranges parent company, EE, began sponsorship. British Academy of Film and Television Arts British Academy Television Awards Official website BAFTA Awards database Museum of Broadcast Communications, BAFTA IMDB, BAFTA
7.
Golden Globe Award
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Golden Globe Awards are accolades bestowed by the 93 members of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association, recognizing excellence in film and television, both domestic and foreign. The annual ceremony at which the awards are presented is a part of the film industrys awards season. The 74th Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best in film, the 1st Golden Globe Awards, honoring the best achievements in 1943 filmmaking, was held in January 1944, at the 20th Century-Fox studios. Subsequent ceremonies were held at venues throughout the next decade, including the Beverly Hills Hotel. In 1950, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association made the decision to establish an honorary award to recognize outstanding contributions to the entertainment industry. Recognizing its subject as a figure within the entertainment industry. The official name of the award became the Cecil B. In 1963, the Miss Golden Globe concept was introduced, in its inaugural year, two Miss Golden Globes were named, one for film and one for television. The two Miss Golden Globes named that year were Eva Six and Donna Douglas, respectively, in 2009, the Golden Globe statuette was redesigned. It was unveiled at a conference at the Beverly Hilton prior to the show. The broadcast of the Golden Globe Awards, telecast to 167 countries worldwide, generally ranks as the third most-watched awards show each year, behind only the Oscars, gervais returned to host the 68th and 69th Golden Globe Awards the next two years. Tina Fey and Amy Poehler hosted the 70th, 71st and 72nd Golden Globe Awards in 2015, the Golden Globe Awards theme song, which debuted in 2012, was written by Japanese musician and songwriter Yoshiki Hayashi. On January 7,2008, it was announced due to the 2007–2008 Writers Guild of America strike. The ceremony was faced with a threat by striking writers to picket the event, the Hollywood Foreign Press Association was forced to adopt another approach for the broadcast. In acting categories, Meryl Streep holds the record for the most competitive Golden Globe wins with eight, however, including honorary awards, such as the Henrietta Award, World Film Favorite Actor/Actress Award, or Cecil B. DeMille Award, Barbra Streisand leads with nine, additionally, Streisand won for composing the song Evergreen, producing the Best Picture, and directing Yentl in 1984. Jack Nicholson, Angela Lansbury, Alan Alda and Shirley MacLaine have six awards each, behind them are Rosalind Russell and Jessica Lange with five wins. Meryl Streep also holds the record for most nominations with thirty, at the 46th Golden Globe Awards an anomaly occurred, a three way-tie for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama
8.
Screen Actors Guild Award
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The statuette given, a nude male figure holding both a mask of comedy and a mask of tragedy, is called The Actor. It is 16 inches tall, weighs over 12 pounds, is cast in solid bronze, SAG Awards have been one of the major awards events in Hollywood since 1995. It is considered an indicator of success at the Academy Awards, the awards have been telecast since 1998 on TNT, and since 2007 have been simulcast on TBS. The inaugural SAG Awards aired live on February 25,1995 from Universal Studios Stage 12, the second SAG awards aired live from the Santa Monica Civic Auditorium, while subsequent awards have been held at the Shrine Exposition Center
9.
Hasty Pudding Theatricals
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The Hasty Pudding Theatricals, known informally simply as The Pudding, is a theatrical student society at Harvard University, known for its burlesque crossdressing musicals. The Hasty Pudding Theatricals was described by John Wheelwright in 1897 as an association of men of all ages in a gay evening of simple enjoyment. Formed in 1795 as a fraternity, the Pudding began hosting mock trials of such phenomena as timely Harvard presidents. The Pudding put up its first full performance, of a well-known tragic burlesque entitled Bombastes Furioso and it has performed a production every year since, except twice during World War I and twice during World War II. In 1948, Felisa Vanoff became the first female choreographer of the company, although the cast remains all-male, women participate in the productions as writers, composers, orchestra, and members of the business staff and tech crew. Each spring, the Puddings Theatricals holds a 5-week run in Cambridge, Massachusetts, the Pudding is, maybe paradoxically, both a museum for antique theatrical practices and a magnet or training ground for innovative new talents. On the one hand its deliberately retro theatrical trappings seem to preserve a museum-piece approach to musical theater, yet for decades the Pudding has been incubating new talents at a steadily increasing rate. Pudding graduates are leaders in the fields of writing, directing, and performing in theater, television, movies, at least three winners of the prestigious annual Ed Kleban Award for achievement in lyric writing have each been Pudding graduates. Pudding librettist Mark ODonnell won a Tony Award in 2003 for co-authoring the book for Hairspray, Pudding Actor Jerry Colker won the Drama Desk Award for authoring the book for the Off-Broadway musical Three Guys Naked From the Waist Down. Actress Rashida Jones co-composed the score of the show during her senior year, Pudding actor and composer Laurence OKeefe wrote the music and lyrics for the Off-Broadway shows Bat Boy, The Musical and Heathers, The Musical. Pudding bookwriter Mark OKeefe co-wrote and co-produced the movies Bruce Almighty, BJ Averell, a Pudding actor alumnus, was a Grand Prize winner of The Amazing Race and is also an accomplished sea captain. John Berman, a Pudding actor and President, is now an anchor for CNN. The society is notable for their selection of famous entertainers as Woman of the Year. Hasty Pudding Theatricals Official Website Hasty Pudding Theatricals Official History
10.
Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Next Generation
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The plot follows four teenagers who encounter Leatherface and his maniacal family in backwoods Texas on the night of their prom. It is the installment in the Texas Chainsaw Massacre series, and also features uncredited cameo appearances from Marilyn Burns, Paul A. Partain. It was shot on location in areas outside of Austin. The film was screened as The Return of the Texas Chainsaw Massacre in 1994 and 1995 before being shelved by Columbia Pictures. Though a full soundtrack was never released, a single featured in the film performed by star Robert Jacks. In 1995, four teenagers—Jennifer, Heather, Barry, and Sean—are celebrating during their senior prom, Heather finds Barry, her boyfriend, making out with another girl and attempts to drive away in his car alongside Jennifer and Sean. After Barry eventually gains access into the car, Heather scolds him angrily, the four are forced to take a detour off the freeway, and Heather makes a wrong turn, driving them into a remote area. Distracted after thinking she sees someone standing in the woods, Heather crashes into another driver, the four decide that Sean look after the driver, while the others look for help. Heather, Barry, and Jenny discover a real estate office occupied by Darla, an insurance agent, who calls up her boyfriend Vilmer. Meanwhile, Heather and Barry are separated from Jennifer, Vilmer eventually arrives at the scene of the crash, where he snaps the drivers neck and chases Sean in his pickup, eventually running him over. Meanwhile, Heather and Barry come across a dilapidated farmhouse, Barry goes inside to use the bathroom with the approval of Walter, Vilmers brother. While waiting on the porch, Heather is captured by Leatherface, meanwhile, Barry discovers human remains in the bathroom, just as he is bludgeoned to death by Leatherface. Afterwards, he removes Heather from the locker and hangs her on a meathook. Jennifer returns to the site and meets Vilmer, who shows her the bodies of Sean and the driver, and then chases her in his truck. She is then attacked by Leatherface, wielding a chainsaw, after a chase, Jennifer retreats back to Darlas office. However, Walter, Darlas accomplice, arrives and subdues Jenny, after an unsuccessful escape attempt, Jennifer falls unconscious and awakens at a dinner table with the family. Rothman criticizes the family for botching their mission with Jennifer, before leaving, in response, a furious Vilmer crushes Heathers skull, killing her. Jennifer tries to escape, but is held down by Vilmer as Leatherface prepares to kill her, however, she manages to dislocate Vilmers knee and escapes
11.
Empire Records
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Empire Records is a 1995 American coming-of-age film that follows a group of record store employees over the course of one exceptional day. The employees try to stop the store from being sold to a large chain, the film was directed by Allan Moyle and stars Anthony LaPaglia, Robin Tunney, Rory Cochrane, Renée Zellweger, Ethan Embry, Johnny Whitworth and Liv Tyler. The film was a commercial and critical failure, generating negative reviews. Empire Records is an independent record shop managed by Joe, the store is located in a fictional city in Delaware, and, like its employees, is eclectic and unique. The staff is very much a family, with Joe as the reluctant and perpetually exasperated. When his young staff experience problems in their lives, he routinely reminds them they can seek him out for advice. The film opens with store manager Joe allowing employee Lucas his first opportunity to close the store, in an effort to keep the store independent, Lucas takes the days cash receipts totaling $9,000 to a casino in Atlantic City in an attempt to quadruple it via gambling. Lucas believes this act will create enough money to allow Joe to save Empire Records, though initially doubling the money, Lucas soon loses the entire amount in one bet on a dice table. Instead of going home he sleeps on his motorcycle outside the store and he confides in the pair about the previous nights events before riding away, seemingly for good. Joe arrives to open the store and quickly receives phone calls from both the bank and the store owner, Mitchell Beck, regarding the previous nights missing deposit. The staff is unenthused by Rex Manning Day, and ultimately many of the showing up to meet him are either older women or gay men. The employees secretly tease Rex behind his back about his fading career, Lucas returns after the store opens and Joe confronts him about the missing deposit. After telling him of his short misadventure, Lucas is asked to stay in the store until a plan is devised to recoup the lost $9,000. Joe explains that he had intended to use the money to invest and become part-owner of the store, next to arrive are cashiers Corey, an overachieving high school student, and her uninhibited best friend and co-worker Gina, both of whom are informed of the situation. Debs boyfriend Berko soon arrives as well, the afternoon continues in a downward spiral. A young belligerent shoplifter who identifies himself only as Warren Beatty is apprehended by Lucas and subsequently arrested, encouraged by Gina, Coreys school-girl crush on Rex is pushed to its limits—much to the horror of her friends, including A. J. who is infatuated with her. This leads to the revelation that Corey is secretly using Amphetamines, after arguing with Corey, Gina has sex with Rex Manning, causing the rift between the two friends to intensify and Rex to get kicked out of the store by Joe. Deb takes Corey aside and advises her on the choices she is making
12.
Jerry Maguire
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Jerry Maguire is a 1996 American romantic comedy-drama sports film written, produced and directed by Cameron Crowe, and stars Tom Cruise, Cuba Gooding Jr. and Renée Zellweger. Produced in part by long time Simpsons producer James L. Brooks, it was inspired by sports agent Leigh Steinberg and it was released in North American theaters on December 13,1996, produced by Gracie Films and distributed by TriStar Pictures. The film received acclaim, with critics praising its acting and writing. The film was a success, bringing in more than $273 million worldwide. It was the ninth top-grossing film of 1996, the film was nominated for five Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Actor for Tom Cruise, with Cuba Gooding Jr. winning the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. The film was nominated for three Golden Globes, with Tom Cruise winning for Best Actor, and three Screen Actors Guild Awards, with Cuba Gooding Jr. winning Best Supporting Actor. Jerry Maguire is a glossy 35-year-old sports agent working for Sports Management International, in turn, SMI management decides to send Bob Sugar, Jerrys protégé, to fire him. Jerry and Sugar call all of Jerrys clients to try convincing them not to hire the services of the other, Jerry speaks to Arizona Cardinals wide receiver Rod Tidwell, one of his clients who is disgruntled with his contract. Rod tests Jerrys resolve through a long telephone conversation while Sugar is able to convince the rest of Jerrys clients to stick with SMI instead. Leaving the office, Jerry announces that he start his own agency and asks if anyone is willing to join him. Meanwhile, Frank Cush Cushman, a quarterback prospect who expects to be the number one pick in the NFL Draft. However, Sugar is able to convince Cushman and his father to sign with SMI over Jerry the night before the draft, cushmans father implies they decided to sign with Sugar over Jerry when they saw Jerry attending to Tidwell, an African-American player, versus his son. After an argument, Jerry breaks up with his disgruntled fiancée Avery and he then turns to Dorothy, becoming closer to her young son, Ray, and eventually starts a relationship with her. Dorothy contemplates moving to San Diego as she has a job offer there, however she. Jerry concentrates all his efforts on Rod, now his only client, meanwhile, Jerrys marriage with Dorothy gradually deteriorates and they eventually separate. During a Monday Night Football game between the Cardinals and the Dallas Cowboys, Rod plays well but appears to receive an injury when catching a touchdown. He recovers, however, and dances for the cheering crowd. Jerry then flies home to meet Dorothy
13.
Nurse Betty
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Morgan Freeman and Chris Rock play the hitmen who killed her husband and subsequently pursue her to Los Angeles. For her performance, Zellweger won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy, in a small Kansas town, Betty, a diner waitress, is a fan of the soap opera A Reason to Love. She has no idea that her husband, Del, a car salesman, is having an affair and she also doesnt know that her husband supplements his income by selling drugs. When Betty calls to ask about borrowing a Buick LeSabre for her birthday, the LeSabre has drugs hidden in the trunk. Two hitmen, Charlie and Wesley, show up at the house and they torture Del into revealing that he has hidden the drugs in the trunk of the LeSabre, but Wesley scalps him anyway. Betty witnesses the murder and enters a state, assuming the identity of a nurse in the daytime drama. That evening, Sheriff Eldon Ballard, local reporter Roy Ostery and she seems oblivious to the murder, even with the investigation going on right in her house. At the police station, a psychiatrist examines her, Betty spends the night at her friends house, sleeping in a childs bedroom. In the middle of the night, she gets into the LeSabre, Betty stops at a bar in Arizona, where the bartender talks about her vacation in Rome, and Betty tells her that she was once engaged to a famous surgeon. Meanwhile, the two hitmen are in pursuit, having realized that Betty has the car with the drugs, as they search, Charlies heart begins to soften towards Betty, to Wesleys consternation. In Los Angeles, Betty tries to get a job as a nurse looking for her long-lost ex-fiancé. She is turned down due to having no résumé and references but manages to get a job in the pharmacy, despite an injunction against touching any patients, Betty becomes popular with them and their families. She ends up living with Rosa, a Hispanic legal secretary who offers to help Betty find her surgeon boyfriend, Rosa learns from a colleague that David is a soap opera character, and goes to the pharmacy window to confront Betty. Thinking her friend is jealous, Betty is impervious to the revelation, the lawyer supplies tickets to a charity function where George McCord, the actor portraying David, will be appearing. Betty meets George at the function, George is inclined to dismiss her as an overimaginative fan, but something about her compels him to talk to her. He begins to think that Betty is an actress determined to get a part in the soap opera, after three hours of her staying in character, he takes her home. George begins falling in love with her, and he and his producer decide to bring her onto the show as a new character, when Betty arrives on set, she falls out of her fantasy world back into real life. After two failed takes, she realizes that she is on a set and that the people she thought were real are just characters, George confronts her and Betty walks out
14.
Bridget Jones's Diary (film)
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Bridget Joness Diary is a 2001 British-American-French romantic comedy film directed by Sharon Maguire and written by Richard Curtis, Andrew Davies, and Helen Fielding. It is based on Fieldings novel of the name, which is a reinterpretation of Jane Austens Pride. The adaptation stars Renée Zellweger as Bridget, Hugh Grant as the caddish Daniel Cleaver, production began in May 2000 and ended in August 2000, and took place largely on location in London and the Home Counties. The film premiered on 4 April 2001 in the UK and was released to theatres on 13 April 2001 simultaneously in the UK, Bridget Joness Diary received positive reviews and was a commercial success, grossing over $280 million worldwide. Zellweger was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role in the film, a sequel, Bridget Jones, The Edge of Reason, was released in 2004 and another sequel, Bridget Joness Baby, was released in 2016. Bridget Jones is 32 years old, single, very accident-prone and she works in publicity at a book publishing company in London where her main focus is fantasising about her boss, Daniel Cleaver. At a New Year party hosted by her parents, she re-encounters Mark Darcy and they had known each other as children. After their initial encounter, Mark thinks that Bridget is a fool and vulgar and Bridget thinks that he is arrogant and rude and she starts her own diary, which covers all her attempts to stop smoking, lose weight and find her Mr. Right. Bridget and Daniel begin to flirt heavily at work, first over email, ahead of an important book launch, at which Bridget bumps into Mark and his glamorous but haughty colleague Natasha. Bridget leaves with Daniel and they have dinner, despite the fact that he is a womaniser with a questionable personality. Bridget learns from Daniel that he and Mark have a history and, as a result, Daniel informs Bridget of their falling-out, telling her that Mark broke their friendship by sleeping with his fiancée. Bridget is invited to a party, and she takes Daniel along as her plus one. They spend the day before the party at a country house hotel, Daniel, having to spend the day working, is not able to attend and sends Bridget to the party alone. However, his dubious character becomes clearer to Bridget when she returns home from the party to find Daniel with another woman, a colleague of his, Lara, and Bridget cuts ties with him soon after. Bridget begins to search for a new job and after landing a job in television, Daniel makes a desperate attempt to convince Bridget to stay, only for her to retort that she would rather have a job wiping Saddam Husseins arse. Bridget has an invitation to a friends dinner party, where she is the only single person and distraught to see Mark. During the party, Mark privately confesses to Bridget that, despite her faults and he later helps Bridget to achieve an exclusive TV interview in a landmark legal case. Bridget begins to develop feelings for Mark, and he comes to her rescue at her dinner party at her flat in Borough
15.
Chicago (2002 film)
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Chicago is a 2002 American musical crime comedy film based on the musical of the same name, exploring the themes of celebrity, scandal, and corruption in Chicago during the Jazz Age. The film stars Catherine Zeta-Jones, Renée Zellweger and Richard Gere, Chicago centers on Velma Kelly and Roxie Hart, two murderesses who find themselves in jail together awaiting trial in 1920s Chicago. Velma, a vaudevillian, and Roxie, a housewife, fight for the fame that will keep them from the gallows. Directed and choreographed by Rob Marshall, and adapted by screenwriter Bill Condon, with music by John Kander and lyrics by Fred Ebb, Chicago won six Academy Awards in 2003, the film was critically lauded, and was the first musical to win Best Picture since Oliver. In 1924, Roxie Hart sees star Velma Kelly perform at a Chicago theater, wanting stardom for herself, she begins an affair with Fred Casely, who claims to know the manager. After the show, Velma is arrested for killing her husband Charlie and sister Veronica, a month later, Casely admits to Roxie that he has no showbiz connections and just wanted her body. She convinces her husband, Amos, to take the blame, as Amos confesses to the detective, Roxie fantasizes that she is singing a song devoted to her husband. However, when the detective brings up evidence that Roxie and Casely were having an affair, Amos recants, ambitious District Attorney Harrison announces he will seek the death penalty. At Cook County Jail, Roxie is sent to Murderess Row, Roxie meets her idol Velma, but her friendship is rudely rebuffed. She learns the backstories of the women there, including Velma Kelly. On Mortons advice, Roxie engages Velmas lawyer, the brilliant Billy Flynn, the press believe the story, praised by the public as a tragic heroine, Roxie becomes an overnight sensation. Meanwhile, Kitty Baxter, a heiress, is arrested for murdering her husband. To Velmas surprise, Roxie quickly steals back the fame by claiming to be pregnant. Amos is ignored by the press, and Flynn, to create sympathy for Roxie, convinces him that the child is Caselys. Roxie over-confidently fires Flynn, believing she can now win on her own, however, when Katalin Helinszki, a Hungarian woman from Murderess Row is hanged, she realizes the gravity of the situation and rehires Flynn. Roxies trial begins, and Billy turns it into a spectacle with the help of the sensationalist newspaper reporters. Billy discredits witnesses, manipulates evidence, and even stages a public reconciliation between Amos and Roxie when she says the child is his. The trial seems to be going Roxies way until Velma appears with Roxies diary, Billy discredits the diary, implying that Harrison was the one who planted the evidence
16.
Cold Mountain (film)
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Cold Mountain is a 2003 American epic war drama film written and directed by Anthony Minghella. The film is based on the novel of the same name by Charles Frazier. The film tells the story of a deserter from the Confederate army close to the end of the American Civil War. Cold Mountain opened to reviews from critics and won several major awards. Renée Zellweger won the Academy Award, BAFTA Award, Golden Globe Award and it was also a success at the box office and became a sleeper hit grossing more than double its budget worldwide. The film makes numerous allusions to Homers The Odyssey, when North Carolina secedes from the Union on May 20,1861, the young men of a rural North Carolina town on Cold Mountain hurry to enlist in the Confederate States Army. Inman, a carpenter who has fallen in love with Ada, a preachers daughter, three years later, Inman finds himself at the Battle of the Crater. Union soldiers tunnel beneath Confederate fortifications and detonate kegs of gunpowder prior to an attack against the rebels. Oakley, Inmans acquaintance from Cold Mountain, is seriously wounded, Inman gets him to a field hospital, where Oakley dies with Inman beside him and friend Stobrod Thewes playing him a song on his fiddle. Inman and his Cherokee friend Swimmer are sent, with other Cold Mountain men, during the raid, friendly fire kills Swimmer and seriously wounds Inman. As Inman lies in the hospital near death, he reads a letter from Ada in which she pleads him to stop fighting, stop marching. Inman recovers, and–with the war drawing closer to an inevitable Confederate defeat–deserts to return to Cold Mountain. Inman meets the corrupt preacher Reverend A. Veasey, who is about to drown his pregnant slave lover, Inman stops Veasey and leaves him tied up to face the towns justice. Exiled from his parish, Veasey later joins Inman on his journey and they help a young man named Junior butcher his cow, and join him and his family for dinner. When Junior goes out to his trapline, the women in his family seduce Veasey and it is a ploy, as Junior soon returns with the Confederate Home Guard, and both Inman and Veasey are led away with other deserters. During a skirmish with Union cavalry, Veasey is killed and Inman left for dead, an elderly hermit living in the woods finds him and nurses him back to health. Inman meets a young widow named Sara, who is raising her infant child Ethan alone. The next morning, a party of Union foragers arrive demanding food, Sara orders Inman away for his protection, but he hides close by
17.
Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason (film)
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It stars Renée Zellweger as Bridget Jones, Colin Firth as Mark Darcy, and Hugh Grant as Daniel Cleaver. Despite this, the film was a box office success, grossing over $260 million worldwide, the film begins shortly before Bridgets mothers annual Turkey Curry Buffet. Bridget is ecstatic about her relationship with Mark Darcy, however, Bridgets confidence in her relationship is shattered when she meets Marks colleague, the beautiful Rebecca Gillies. Bridget meets her ex, Daniel Cleaver, at her job for Sit-Up Britain and is offered a position as the Smooth Guidess, Bridget initially refuses, declaring that Daniel Cleaver a deceitful, sexist, disgusting specimen of humanity. Bridget is delighted when Mark invites her to the Law Council Dinner, assuming he will propose afterwards, after the Law Council Dinner, Mark and Bridget have an argument and she walks away from him. Mark goes to Bridgets apartment, apologizes, and tells her he loves her for the first time, later in the night, Mark asks Bridget if shed like to go on a ski holiday in Vorarlberg, Austria. Once on the slopes, she learns Rebecca recommended the vacation spot to Mark, while on the holiday, Bridget thinks shes pregnant, after an argument concerning the future of children, the pregnancy test proves negative. After they return home, Bridget and Mark have lunch with both of their parents, when the subject of marriage comes up during conversation, Bridget is hurt by Marks comment that its not something theyre even thinking about yet. Bridget, hearing that answer, breaks up with Mark and goes with Daniel to Thailand to film The Smooth Guide with her friend, Bridget and Daniel flirt in Thailand. Bridget loses faith in Daniel again when she is in a hotel room, Daniel later says that the gorgeous Thai girl was revealed to be a gorgeous Thai boy. While packing up for their trip home, Shazzer asks Bridget to put Jeds gift in her bag. Bridget is arrested and sent to a Thai prison after airport security-dogs detect a large stash of cocaine inside the gift, in prison, Bridget spends her time sharing relationship stories with the inmates and teaching them Madonnas Like a Virgin. Mark arrives to tell Bridget that his superiors have sent him to put her release in motion, Bridget identifies Jed in a picture as the man who gave Shazzer the hidden cocaine. Mark walks away after stating that he was just the messenger. In Britain, Mark confronts Daniel for not helping Bridget when she was arrested, eventually, Daniel swears off Bridget for good and sarcastically suggests that Mark just marry her. Bridget arrives at Heathrow Airport as an international human-rights celebrity and she is greeted by her parents, who have been busy planning their vow renewal ceremony. Hopeful that he loves her, she runs to his house. She finds Rebecca there and assumes that there is a relationship between Mark and her
18.
Cinderella Man
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Cinderella Man is a 2005 American drama film by Ron Howard, titled after the nickname of heavyweight boxing champion James J. Braddock and inspired by his life story. The film was produced by Howard, Penny Marshall, and Brian Grazer, damon Runyon is credited for giving Braddock this nickname. Russell Crowe, Renée Zellweger and Paul Giamatti star, James J. Braddock is an Irish-American boxer from New Jersey, formerly a light heavyweight contender, who is forced to give up boxing after breaking his hand in the ring. This is both a relief and a burden to his wife, Mae and she cannot bring herself to watch the violence of his chosen profession, yet she knows they will not have enough income without his boxing. As the United States enters the Great Depression, Braddock does manual labor as a longshoreman to support his family, unfortunately, he cannot get work every day. Thanks to a cancellation by another boxer, Braddocks longtime manager and friend, Joe Gould, offers him a chance to fill in for just one night. The fight is against the number-two contender in the world, Corn Griffin, Braddock stuns the boxing experts and fans with a third-round knockout of his formidable opponent. He believes that while his hand was broken, he became more proficient with his left hand. Despite Maes objections, Braddock takes up Goulds offer to return to the ring, Mae resents this attempt by Gould to profit from her husbands dangerous livelihood, until she discovers that Gould and his wife also have been devastated by hard times. With a shot at the championship held by Max Baer a possibility. Out of a sense of pride, he uses a portion of his money to pay back money to the government given to him while unemployed. A title fight against Baer comes his way, Mae is terrified because Baer, the champ, is a vicious man who reportedly has killed at least two men in the ring. The arrogant Baer attempts to him, even taunting Mae in public that her man might not survive. When he says this, she becomes so angry that she throws a drink at him and she is unable to attend the fight at the Madison Square Garden Bowl or even to listen to it on the radio. On June 13,1935, in one of the greatest upsets in boxing history, the Richmond Street side of The Bays Queen Street store was redressed as Madison Square Garden, complete with fake store fronts and period stop lights. A stretch of Queen Street East between Broadview and Carlaw was also made up to appear to be from the 1930s and dozens of cars were parked along the road. Maple Leaf Gardens was used for all the scenes. Filming also took place in Hamilton, Ontario at the harbour for the dock workers scene, the main apartment was shot north of St. Clair Avenue on Lauder Avenue on the east side
19.
Beatrix Potter
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Helen Beatrix Potter was an English writer, illustrator, natural scientist, and conservationist best known for her childrens books featuring animals, such as those in The Tale of Peter Rabbit. Born into a household, Potter was educated by governesses. She had numerous pets and spent holidays in Scotland and the Lake District, developing a love of landscape, flora and fauna, in her thirties, Potter published the highly successful childrens book, The Tale of Peter Rabbit. Potter began writing and illustrating childrens books full-time, with the proceeds from the books and a legacy from an aunt, in 1905 Potter bought Hill Top Farm in Near Sawrey, a village in the Lake District, which at that time was in Lancashire. Over the following decades, she purchased additional farms to preserve the unique hill country landscape, in 1913, at the age of 47, she married William Heelis, a respected local solicitor from Hawkshead. Potter was also a breeder of Herdwick sheep and a prosperous farmer keenly interested in land preservation. Potter wrote about 30 books, the best known being her 24 childrens tales and she died of pneumonia and heart disease on 22 December 1943 at her home in Near Sawrey at age 77, leaving almost all her property to the National Trust. She is credited with preserving much of the land that now constitutes the Lake District National Park. Potters books continue to sell throughout the world in many languages with her stories being retold in song, film, ballet, and animation, and her life depicted in a feature film and television film. Potters paternal grandfather, Edmund Potter, from Glossop in Derbyshire, owned what was then the largest calico printing works in England, and later served as a member of parliament. Beatrixs father, Rupert William Potter, was educated at Manchester College by the Unitarian philosopher Dr. James Martineau and he then trained as a barrister in London. Rupert practised law, specialising in equity law and conveyancing and he married Helen Leech on 8 August 1863 at Hyde Unitarian Chapel, Gee Cross. Helen was the daughter of Jane Ashton and John Leech, a cotton merchant. Helens first cousin was Harriet Lupton – the sister of Thomas Ashton, Beatrixs parents lived comfortably at 2 Bolton Gardens, West Brompton, where Helen Beatrix was born on 28 July 1866 and her brother Walter Bertram on 14 March 1872. Both parents were talented, and Rupert was an adept amateur photographer. Rupert had invested in the market and by the early 1890s was extremely wealthy. Potters family on both sides were from the Manchester area and they were English Unitarians, associated with dissenting Protestant congregations, influential in 19th century England, that affirmed the oneness of God and that rejected the doctrine of the Trinity. Beatrix was educated by three able governesses, the last of whom was Annie Moore, just three years older than Beatrix, who tutored Beatrix in German as well as acting as ladys companion
20.
Miss Potter
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Miss Potter is a 2006 Anglo-American biographical fiction family drama film directed by Chris Noonan. Scripted by Richard Maltby, Jr. Emily Watson stars as Warnes sister, lucy Boynton also stars as the young Beatrix Potter. It was filmed in St. Peters Square Hammersmith, Cecil Court, Osterley Park, Covent Garden, the Isle of Man, Scotland, Miss Potter was released on 29 December 2006 so that the film could compete for the 2007 Academy Awards. The date seemed to fluctuate a number of times, but the Weinstein Company website ultimately listed its release date as 9 March, the film received generally positive reviews and earned Zellweger her sixth Golden Globe nomination. The story begins with Beatrix Potter nervously packing her portfolio and narrating that she is a London spinster, and she and her chaperone, Miss Wiggin, visit the publishing house of Harold and Fruing Warne, who decide to publish her book. Beatrix is thrilled and returns home, taking a drive through the parks to celebrate first, however, it is revealed the Warne brothers think her book is ridiculous and will no doubt be a failure. The only reason they agreed to publish it is because they promised their younger brother, Norman, when Norman Warne visits Beatrix, they make decisions about her book regarding size, colour and price. Norman admits he has never done anything like this before but has given her book a great deal of thought, Beatrix realises what Normans brothers have done regarding him and her, but they become determined to prove them wrong. Norman takes Beatrix to the printer, and she has her drawings reproduced, thrilled, Beatrix and Norman visit the Warne family, where Beatrix meets the wheelchair-bound but lovely Mrs. Warne, and Normans sister, Amelia, nicknamed Millie. Millie has decided that she and Beatrix are going to be friends and is overjoyed that Beatrix is a spinster, as is Millie, the family befriends Beatrix, yet Helen Potter, Beatrixs social-climbing mother, is unhappy about her daughter spending time in the company of tradesmen. When she returns home, Beatrix and Helen bicker about Beatrixs stubborn decision not to marry, Beatrix reminds her mother of the book she wrote, and her mother retorts she believes the venture will fail. However, the sales are very successful and copies are displayed in many store windows. Norman encourages Beatrix to submit stories for publication. Even Beatrixs father, Rupert, buys a copy of one of her books after hearing how his friends at the Reform Club were buying them, encouraged by this success and her fathers support, Beatrix invites Norman and Millie to her familys Christmas party, despite her mothers misgivings. At the party everyone enjoys themselves and Beatrix shows Norman a story she is writing especially for him and she shows him a drawing from the story and shows him her studio where she writes and draws. Miss Wiggin falls asleep from too much brandy, and Norman plucks up the courage to propose to Beatrix, Mrs. Potter interrupts before Beatrix can reply, and they join the other guests in the drawing room. Beatrix confides in Millie about Norman proposing, and Millie encourages her to say yes, Beatrix then tells the guests of the stories she writes and they are delighted and amused. Mrs. Potter, however, can not see all the fuss is about
21.
Appaloosa (film)
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Appaloosa is an American western based on the 2005 novel, Appaloosa, by crime writer Robert B. Directed by Ed Harris and co-written by Harris and Robert Knott, Appaloosa stars Harris alongside Viggo Mortensen, Renée Zellweger and Jeremy Irons. The film premiered in the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival and was released in selected cities on September 19,2008, the movie shares some narrative similarities with the 1959 Western Warlock, directed by Edward Dmytryk and starring Henry Fonda, Anthony Quinn and Richard Widmark. There is also a 1966 Western named The Appaloosa which stars Marlon Brando, the town hires lawman and peacekeeper Virgil Cole and his deputy Everett Hitch to protect and regain control of the town. The pair agree on one condition, that the town follow Coles law, the lawmen begin by confronting four of Braggs men who are causing a disturbance in the saloon. Three men refuse to allow themselves to be arrested, forcing Cole, the fourth man surrenders and leaves the saloon. Bragg has a meeting with Cole and Hitch, initiating a standoff, Cole meets a new arrival to the town, the recently widowed Allie French, who has traveled west to find a new life. The two start a relationship, and soon buy a house together. However, Allie is revealed to be promiscuous and attempts to seduce Hitch when they are alone, despite having shown previous interest in her, Hitch refuses her advances out of loyalty to Cole. When one of Braggs men tells Cole and Hitch he will testify that he witnessed Bragg gun down the marshal, following the trial, Cole and Hitch, along with several deputies, transport Bragg via train. As the train is stopped for refueling over a bridge, hired guns Ring and Mackie Shelton, old acquaintances of Cole, appear with Allie at gunpoint, forcing Cole to release Bragg to them. Cole and Hitch catch up with the outlaws and discover that Allie is not a hostage when they see Allie, when the outlaws are attacked by Chiricahua Apache, Cole and his men force the Indians away. They then turn Bragg over to the sheriff of Beauville, unbeknownst to Cole, knowing that Cole is determined to bring Bragg to the gallows, the Sheltons and the sheriff free Bragg and engage Cole and Hitch in a gunfight. Cole and Hitch are wounded but manage to kill Ring, Mackie, Bragg escapes on horseback and Cole and Hitch return to Appaloosa with Allie. Some time later, Bragg is granted a pardon by President Chester Arthur. He buys the hotel and ingratiates himself with the locals, privately, Bragg threatens Cole and Hitch if they should pose further problems. Hitch discovers that Allie is in a relationship with Bragg. Cole attempts to him, but Hitch remains steadfast and asks Cole to permit the gunfight to occur
22.
My One and Only (film)
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Kosberg pitched the idea of this true story to screenwriter Charlie Peters, then Merv Griffin shepherded the project from screenplay to production, until his death in 2007. Merv Griffins company served as one the producers and Robert Kosberg executive produced. My One and Only starred Logan Lerman as George and Renée Zellweger as Georges mother, the film was directed by Richard Loncraine and written by Charlie Peters. In New York City in 1953, Anne Deveraux lives with her bandleader husband Danny, their 15-year-old son George, after catching Danny in yet another affair, Anne leaves him and takes the children with her. Anne embarks on a trip across the United States, in search of a husband to fund a new life for her and her boys. They first travel to Boston and Pittsburgh, Anne has a string of disastrous attempts at relationship. After finding that a former suitor now deems her too old to be of interest she becomes desperate and dispirited and he takes her for a prostitute and charges her with solicitation. Meanwhile, George meets with his father who comes into town on a tour, George asks him to take him back to New York but Danny turns him down because he is often on the road for his work. George concludes that Danny does not love him, George also learns that Danny had sent money several times, but Anne resolutely returned it each time. Running low on funds, Anne tries her luck in St. Louis where her sister lives, the sisters have a very strained relationship but Anne tries to make the best of it and takes a job at a paint store and becomes engaged to the owner. It turns out, however, he is ill and already married. Anne is paid off by the family for her trouble. As Anne readies to get on the again, this time for Los Angeles, George informs her that he is staying with Annes sister. Anne and George argue bitterly and Anne, resigned, accepts his decision and leaves with Robbie, near Albuquerque, mother and son get robbed by a couple they picked up for gas money. Robbie phones George to tell him what happened, in discussing it with Annes sister and her husband, George discovers Anne had left money with them for his board and care. He takes the money and meets Anne and Robbie at a Greyhound bus station somewhere in the Southwest. The three arrive in Los Angeles and settle into a shabby apartment, Anne comes home one day to find Danny waiting for her. He asks if she loves him and says he wants her
23.
Case 39
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Case 39 is a 2009 American supernatural psychological horror film directed by Christian Alvart, and starring Renée Zellweger, Jodelle Ferland, Bradley Cooper and Ian McShane. The film was shot in Vancouver in late 2006 and was released theatrically in the UK, European, the film was initially scheduled for America release in August 2008, but was delayed twice before its final release date on October 1,2010. Emily suspects that the parents have been mistreating Lillith, Emilys fears are confirmed when Lilliths parents try to kill her by gassing her in the oven at home. Emily saves Lillith with the help of Detective Mike Barron, Lillith is originally sent to a childrens home, but she begs Emily to look after her instead. With the agreement of the board, Emily is assigned to care of Lillith until a suitable foster family comes along. In the meantime, Lilliths parents, Edward and Margaret are placed in a mental institution, not too long after Lillith moves in, strange things begin to happen around Emily. As she is suspected of involvement in the incident, Lillith undergoes a psychiatric evaluation by Emilys best friend, during the session, however, Lillith turns the evaluation around, asking Douglas what his fears are and subtly threatening him. That night after receiving a phone call, Douglas is panicked by a mass of hornets coming out of his body in hysteria. Emily gradually becomes fearful of Lillith, so she heads to the asylum for answers from Lilliths parents. They tell her that, far from being human, Lillith is actually a Succubus-like demon who feeds on emotion. Lilliths father tells Emily that the way to kill Lillith is to get her to sleep. Shortly after Emily leaves the asylum, Lilliths mother hallucinates being on fire, Barron initially thinks Emily should seek psychiatric help, but is later convinced when he receives a strange phone call in his home from Lillith. He arms himself to help Emily, however, he fatally shoots himself in the head with his shotgun, as Lilith makes him imagine he is being attacked by dogs. After realizing that her closest colleagues have been eliminated, and that the rest of her cases will be next, while Lillith is asleep, Emily sets fire to her house, hoping to get rid of her. However, the girl apparently escapes unharmed, a police officer offers to escort Emily and Lillith to a temporary place to sleep. As Emily is following the cars, she suddenly takes a different route and drives her car at a high speed. Instead, Lillith forces Emily to relive her childhood memory of her mother driving fast in a rainstorm, Emily fights through the memory, telling herself that it is not real. The image fades, and Lillith appears scared by the fact that Emily was able to fight through her illusion, Emily drives the car off a pier
24.
My Own Love Song
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My Own Love Song is a 2010 road movie directed and written by Olivier Dahan and starring Renée Zellweger, Forest Whitaker, Madeline Zima and Nick Nolte. It premiered in Dahans native France on April 7,2010, the soundtrack contains music written by Bob Dylan, including Zellweger singing a cover of Life Is Hard from his 2009 album Together Through Life. In Marysville, Kansas, a former singer, Jane. One day, during her treatment, he messes up her house while searching for a book about angels that he has lent her. He is taken by the police to a hospital, where an angry Jane visits, the following night, Joey escapes and comes back Janes house in clean up. He finds a letter from her young son inviting her to his communion in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Joey spends the night on the couch. In the morning, the police ask her if Joey is in her house, Joey begs Jane to go to New Orleans, where an author writing about angels is holding a conference. On the drive, the engine heats up and the car explodes and they buy a new car, but it is stolen. They board a coach and while Jane sleeps, Joey meets Billie by helping her find her wedding ring on the floor and she tells him her husband has disappeared without giving an address. The three dine at Billies sisters house, the next morning, Joey, Jane and Billie are driven to a restaurant by a relative, but Jane forgets her purse in the car, so Joey elaborates a plan to get them to the bus without paying. The plan does not work but they eventually get into the bus, the bus driver abandons them in the middle of nowhere. Jane decides to go home and Joey reveals her sons letter. At night, the three music and meet Caldwell, an old musician with whom they share some cake enhanced with drugs. The following day, Caldwell gives them a lift, as Jane agrees to replace a singer, shortly before the show, Jane argues with Joey about his mothering her. She leaves the group and meets fellow travelers going to Iowa, the woman of the couple is ill and they are going there on their last trip to their children. This inspiring meeting persuades Jane to perform the show and she arrives on stage while Joey prays angels for her to come back. She sings This Land Is Your Land accompanied by Caldwell on electric guitar, as they drive towards New Orleans, they notice their stolen car on the road and chase the thief. An accident ensues and everybody is arrested and subsequently freed except Caldwell, Jane gives him a song written for him, about the beauty of birds
25.
Bridget Jones's Baby
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Bridget Joness Baby is a 2016 romantic comedy film directed by Sharon Maguire and written by Helen Fielding, Dan Mazer and Emma Thompson, based on the fictional columns by Fielding. It is the film in the franchise and a sequel to 2004 film Bridget Jones. The film stars Renée Zellweger as Bridget Jones, who after becoming pregnant is unsure if Mark Darcy or Jack Qwant is the father, filming began on 2 October 2015 in London, England. The film was released theatrically on 16 September 2016 in the United Kingdom and United States and it received generally positive reviews and has grossed over $211 million worldwide. On her 43rd birthday, Bridget Jones is awoken by her mother who reminds her that her time to have children is running out and she goes to attend the funeral of Daniel Cleaver, who is presumed dead after a plane crash. While there she sees her ex, Mark Darcy, and his new wife and they bump into one another somewhat awkwardly and then go their separate ways. Bridget now works as a producer and is close friends with the anchor of the show she runs, Miranda. Bridget turns down her offer to spend time with her old group of friends, deciding to celebrate her single life Bridget accepts Mirandas offer to take her away for the weekend. They go to a festival where Miranda challenges her to sleep with the first man she meets. Falling in the mud, Bridget is helped out by a random stranger, after attending an Ed Sheeran concert a drunk Bridget crawls into a yurt she thinks belongs to her and Miranda, but actually belongs to the handsome stranger she met earlier. The two have sex and in the morning Bridget makes her escape, the stranger returns disappointed that she is gone. Returning home Bridget goes to the christening of Judes youngest child where she is the godmother, Mark tells her that he and his wife are planning on divorcing and Bridget has sex with him. Bridget finds that she is gaining weight, shazzer suggests that Bridget might be pregnant, especially when she realises that Bridget used old, expired condoms when having sex. Taking a pregnancy test at work, Bridget confirms she is pregnant, after a visit to the obstetrician and gynecologist, Dr. Rawlings, she realises that she does not know who the father is and doesnt even have a way of contacting Jack, the handsome stranger. However Miranda spies him on TV where they realise that Jack Qwant is a billionaire and the inventor of a dating site that has an algorithm to match couples together. Miranda conspires with Bridget to have Jack on the show to take hair samples so that Bridget will be able to test it against the DNA of her baby to either confirm or eliminate Jack as the father. Initially taken aback Jack decides to throw himself into the role of supporting Bridget, feeling things are going too quickly with Jack, Bridget decides to go forward and tell Mark. However Mark is so thrilled at the news that he is about to be a father that Bridget does not tell him about Jack
26.
Au, St. Gallen
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Au is a municipality in the Wahlkreis of Rheintal in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. Au is first mentioned in 1316 as Diken Auwe, the blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Azure a Crescent Or in bend issuant behind a Cliff Argent. Au has an area, as of 2006, of 4.7 km2, of this area, 42% is used for agricultural purposes, while 4. 2% is forested. Of the rest of the land,47. 8% is settled, the municipality was part of the Unterrheintal district until the creation of the Rheintal Wahlkreis. It is located in a pass between Heldsberg and the Rhein river. It consists of the village of Au and the hamlets of Haslach, Hard, Au has a population of 7,378. As of 2007, about 33. 3% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. Of the foreign population,192 are from Germany,398 are from Italy,580 are from ex-Yugoslavia,334 are from Austria,121 are from Turkey, over the last 10 years the population has grown at a rate of 5. 7%. Most of the population speaks German, with Italian being second most common, of the Swiss national languages,5,577 speak German,21 people speak French,190 people speak Italian, and 7 people speak Romansh. The age distribution, as of 2000, in Au is,750 children or 11. 7% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 792 teenagers or 12. 4% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population,829 people or 12. 9% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 1,066 people or 16. 6% are between 30 and 39,928 people or 14. 5% are between 40 and 49, and 769 people or 12. 0% are between 50 and 59. In 2000 there were 879 persons who were living alone in a private dwelling, there were 1,458 persons who were part of a couple without children, and 3,475 who were part of a couple with children. In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 39. 6% of the vote, the next three most popular parties were the CVP, the FDP and the SP. The entire Swiss population is well educated. In Au about 69% of the population have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education, the remainder did not answer this question. The historical population is given in the table, ^a without Heerbrugg population was 3,370 As of 2007. As of 2005, there were 39 people employed in the economic sector
27.
Appenzell
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Appenzell is a region and historical canton in the northeast of Switzerland, entirely surrounded by the canton of St. Gallen. Appenzell became independent of the Abbey of Saint Gall in 1403 and entered a league with the Old Swiss Confederacy in 1411 and it has been divided since into Appenzell Innerrhoden and Appenzell Ausserrhoden since 1597 as a result of the Swiss Reformation. The territory of Appenzell as an entity is known as Appenzellerland or as das Appenzell. In political contexts, the two cantons are referred to as beide Appenzell, the name Appenzell derives from Latin, abbatis cella. This refers to the Abbey of St. Gall, which exerted an influence on the area. By the middle of the 11th century the abbots of St Gall had established their power in the later called Appenzell. By about 1360, conflicts over grazing rights, taxes, both parties wanted to protect their rights and interests by joining the new Swabian League. In 1377 Appenzell was allowed to join the League with the support of the cities of Konstanz, with the support of League, Appenzell refused to pay many of the gifts and tithes that the Abbot Kuno von Stoffeln demanded. In response to the loss of revenue from his estates, Kuno approached the Austrian House of Habsburg for help, in 1392 he made an agreement with the Habsburgs, which was renewed in 1402. In response, in 1401 Appenzell entered into an alliance with the city of St. Gallen to protect their rights, on a certain day, throughout the abbots lands, they attacked the bailiffs and drove them out of the land. Following unsuccessful negotiations Appenzell and St. Gallen entered into a treaty, the treaty between St. Gallen and Appenzell marked a break between the abbot and his estates. Perhaps fearing the Habsburgs, in 1402 the League expelled Appenzell, during the same year, St. Gallen reached an agreement with the abbot and Appenzell could no longer count on St. Gallens support. Glarus provided less support, but authorized any citizen who wished to support Appenzell to do so, in response, the League raised an army and marched to St. Gallen before heading toward Appenzell. On 15 May 1403, they entered the pass to Speicher, a small force of Appenzell and Confederation troops defeated the League army and signed a short lived peace treaty. Following another Appenzell victory on 17 June 1405, at Stoss Pass on the border of Appenzell town, during the expansion, Appenzell had even captured the abbot of St Gall and in response they were excommunicated by the Bishop of Constance. However, while the Bund expanded the Austrians used the peace to regain their strength, on 11 September 1406 an association of nobles formed a knightly order known as the Sankt Jörgenschild to oppose the rebellious commoners of the Bund. Following a defeat at Bregenz, Appenzell was unable to hold the Bund together, the city of St. Gallen and the Canton of Schwyz each paid off the Austrians to avoid an attack, and the Bund was dissolved by King Rupert on 4 April 1408. As part of the treaty, the abbot gave up his ownership of Appenzell
28.
Sami people
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The Sami people are an indigenous Finno-Ugric people inhabiting the Arctic area of Sápmi, which today encompasses parts of far northern Norway, Sweden, Finland, and the Kola Peninsula of Russia. The Sami are the indigenous people of Scandinavia recognized and protected under the international conventions of indigenous peoples. Sami ancestral lands are not well-defined and their traditional languages are the Sami languages and are classified as a branch of the Uralic language family. Traditionally, the Sami have pursued a variety of livelihoods, including fishing, fur trapping. Their best-known means of livelihood is semi-nomadic reindeer herding, currently about 10% of the Sami are connected to reindeer herding, providing them with meat, fur, and transportation. 2,800 Sami people are involved in herding on a full-time basis. For traditional, environmental, cultural, and political reasons, reindeer herding is legally reserved only for Sami people in regions of the Nordic countries. The Sámi are often known in other languages by the exonyms Lap, Lapp, some Sami regard these as pejorative terms, while others do not. Finn was the originally used by Norse speakers to refer to the Sami, as attested in the Icelandic Eddas. As Old Norse gradually developed into the separate Scandinavian languages, Swedes apparently took to using Finn exclusively to refer to inhabitants of Finland, Finnish immigrants to Northern Norway in the 18th and 19th centuries were referred to as Kvens to distinguish them from the Sami Finns. Ethnic Finns are a group from Sami. In fact, Saxo never explicitly connects the Sami with the two Laplands, there is another suggestion that it originally meant wilds. In Finland and Sweden, Lapp is common in names, such as Lappi, Lappeenranta and Lapinlahti in Finland. As already mentioned, Finn is an element in Norwegian place names. In the North Sámi language, láhppon olmmoš means a person who is lost, Sámi refer to themselves as Sámit or Sápmelaš, the word Sámi being inflected into various grammatical forms. It has been proposed that Sámi, Häme, and perhaps Suomi are of the origin and ultimately borrowed from the Baltic word *žēmē. The Baltic word is cognate with Slavic земля, which means land. The Sámi institutions—notably the parliaments, radio and TV stations, theatres, etc. —all use the term Sámi, including when addressing outsiders in Norwegian, Swedish, Finnish, or English
29.
Kirkenes
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Kirkenes is a town in Sør-Varanger Municipality in Finnmark county, in the far northeastern part of Norway. The town lies on a peninsula along the Bøkfjorden, an arm of the large Varangerfjorden, the main church for Kirkenes is Kirkenes Church, located in the Haganes area of the town. The 2. 15-square-kilometre town has a population of 3,498, when the neighbouring suburban villages of Hesseng, Sandnes, and Bjørnevatn are all included with Kirkenes, the urban area reaches a total population of almost 8,000 people. The area around Kirkenes was a common Norwegian–Russian district until 1826, the original name of the peninsula was Piselvnes, but this was changed to Kirkenes after the Kirkenes Church was built here in 1862. Reportedly, Kirkenes is second after Malta on a list of European towns experiencing air-raid alarms and attacks, the town was taken over by the Red Army on 25 October 1944 when the German Wehrmacht was pushed out and fled the area after having destroyed most of the remaining infrastructure. Only 13 houses survived the war, close to the town there is a memorial to 11 freedom fighters who helped the partisans collect information about the German occupation. In the summer of 1943, their activities were discovered and many of them were sent to a camp near Kirkenes. Following a court-martial the 11 were sentenced to death and were killed near the spot on 18 August 1943. When the common grave was opened in 1946 it was found that the men had beaten to death. Following the post mortem and memorial service, the bodies were returned to their homesteads, the majority of the inhabitants of Kirkenes are of a Norwegian background, and a minority is Sami. Others are originally from Finland, either members of the Kven population or of an influx of more or less recent Finnish immigrants. Also, about 500 people are relatively recent Russian immigrants, the town has also become a major border crossing point for Syrian refugees, with hundreds per week crossing the border on bikes. Kirkenes is located in the northeastern part of Norway on the Bøkfjorden, a branch of the Varangerfjorden. The town is situated about 400 kilometres north of the Arctic Circle, Kirkenes is located just east of the 30th meridian east. As a result, it is further east than Istanbul, which one of the European borders with Asia. The easternmost point of Norway and the municipality is also at a point further east than Saint Petersburg, unlike the vast majority of Norway, Kirkenes is located east of the neighbouring country of Finland. Because of this, travelling directly west from Kirkenes actually changes the time zone forward instead of backward, travelling directly east from Kirkenes changes the time zone forward by an hour in summer, but by two in winter. It also shares time zones with Galicia in Spain, in spite of a time difference of 2½ hours
30.
Catholic
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The use of terms catholicism and catholicity is closely related to the use of term Catholic Church. The earliest evidence of the use of term is the Letter to the Smyrnaeans that Ignatius of Antioch wrote in about 108 to Christians in Smyrna. In 380, Emperor Theodosius I limited use of the term Catholic Christian exclusively to those who followed the faith as Pope Damasus I of Rome. Numerous other early writers including Cyril of Jerusalem, Augustine of Hippo further developed the use of the term catholic in relation to Christianity. In Christian theology, and specially in ecclesiology, terms Catholicism, when used with small c, terms catholicism and catholicity generally designate theological doctrine of the catholicity of the Church without denominational connotations. A common belief in Catholicism is institutional continuity with the early Christian church founded by Jesus Christ, many churches or communions of churches identify singularly or collectively as the authentic church. The Bishop of Rome was also considered to have the right to convene ecumenical councils, when the Imperial capital moved to Constantinople, Romes influence was sometimes challenged. The first great rupture in the Church followed this Council and they are often called Ancient Oriental Churches. The next major break was after the Council of Chalcedon and this Council repudiated Eutychian Monophysitism which stated that the divine nature completely subsumed the human nature in Christ. This Council declared that Christ, though one person, exhibited two natures without confusion, without change, without division, without separation and thus is both fully God and fully human, the next great rift within Christianity was in the 11th century. This division between the Western Church and the Eastern Church is called the East–West Schism, several eastern churches reunited, constituting some of the Eastern Catholic Churches. Liturgical and canonical practices vary between all these particular Churches constituting the Roman and Eastern Catholic Churches, in all these cases the beliefs and practices of Catholicism would be identical with the beliefs and practices of the Church in question. However, in Roman Catholicism, the term catholic is understood as to cover those who recognize and are in standing with the Magisterium. The sense given to the word by those who use it to distinguish their position from a Calvinistic or Puritan form of Protestantism. It is then meaningful to attempt to draw up a list of common characteristic beliefs, the Roman Catholic Church includes the 23 rites who recognize the Magisterium. Belief in the Real Presence of Christ in the Eucharist, the belief that Christ is made manifest in the elements of Holy Communion, possession of the threefold ordained ministry of Bishops, Priests and Deacons. Belief that the Church is the vessel and deposit of the fullness of the teachings of Jesus and this teaching is preserved in both written scripture and in unwritten tradition, neither being independent of the other. A belief in the necessity and efficacy of sacraments, liturgical and personal use of the Sign of the Cross The use of sacred images, candles, vestments and music, and often incense and water, in worship
31.
Episcopal Church (United States)
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The Episcopal Church is the United States-based member church of the worldwide Anglican Communion. The current presiding bishop of the Episcopal Church is Michael Bruce Curry, in 2014, the Episcopal Church had 1,956,042 baptized members. In 2011, it was the nations 14th largest denomination, in 2015, Pew Research estimated that 1.2 percent of the adult population in the United States, or 3 million people, self-identify as mainline Episcopalians/Anglicans. The Episcopal Church describes itself as Protestant, yet Catholic, the Episcopal Church is an apostolic church, tracing its bishops back to the apostles via holy orders. The Book of Common Prayer, a collection of traditional rites, blessings, liturgies, the Episcopal Church was active in the Social Gospel movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Since the 1960s and 1970s, the church has pursued a more liberal course. It has opposed the death penalty and supported the civil rights movement, some of its leaders and priests are known for marching with influential civil rights demonstrators such as Martin Luther King Jr. The Church calls for the legal equality of gay and lesbian people. Due to the process of editing or making additions to the Prayer Book, the BCP still describes marriage as being the union of a man. The Episcopal Church ordains women and LGBT people to the priesthood, the diaconate, in 2003, Gene Robinson was the first non-celibate openly gay person ordained as a bishop in documented Christian history. There are two names of the Episcopal Church specified in its constitution, The Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America. The latter is the commonly used name. In other languages, an equivalent is used, until 1964, the only official name in use was The Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America. In the 19th century, High Church members advocated changing the name and they were opposed by the churchs evangelical wing, which felt that the Protestant Episcopal label accurately reflected the Reformed character of Anglicanism. After 1877, alternative names were proposed and rejected by the General Convention. A commonly proposed alternative was the American Catholic Church, by the 1960s, opposition to dropping the word Protestant had largely subsided. The 66th General Convention voted in 1979 to use the name The Episcopal Church in the Oath of Conformity of the Declaration for Ordination, the evolution of the name can be seen in the churchs Book of Common Prayer. The alternate name The Episcopal Church in the United States of America has never been a name of the church but is commonly seen in English
32.
Katy High School
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Katy High School is a high school located in Katy, Texas which serves grades 9 through 12. It is a part of the Katy Independent School District, the school serves the City of Katy and the unincorporated Harris County community of Cimarron. Katy High School opened in 1898 to serve the children of local rice farmers and its first graduating class was in 1900. The following junior high schools feed into Katy High School, Katy Junior High, West Memorial Junior High, mike Swick - retired professional Mixed Martial Artist, competed on the inaugural season of The Ultimate Fighter Renée Zellweger – actress Katy High School
33.
Karankawa people
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Karankawa are a tribe of Native Americans, now a restored nation, who played a pivotal part in early Texas history. The term Karankawa persisted and has been applied to a group of Native American tribes who have a common dialect. These people can be specifically identified as the Capoques, Kohanis, Kopanes, Kronks. They inhabited the Gulf Coast of Texas from Galveston Bay in the present-day Greater Houston area, exposure to new infectious diseases, annexation of territory, conflict with the newly arrived Europeans, and war forced them to intermarry or relocate to missions before 1860. The Sankara language, of only about a hundred words are preserved, cannot be classified. The meaning of the name Karankawa is not certain and it is believed to mean dog-lovers or dog-helpers. That rendering seems credible, since the Karankawas had dogs, which were a fox or coyote-like species, in a nomadic-type culture, the people seasonally migrated between the mainland and the barrier islands. The bays, back bays, lagoons and bayous along the Texas Coast were the hunting and harvesting grounds. Men waded from the waters in the bays to the deep pools with lances or bows and arrows. Older men, women and children harvested waters for blue and stone crabs, oysters, mussels, sea turtles, shellfish and they travelled the coastal bays with the seasons. They ate oysters, clams, shellfish, black drum, redfish, spotted seatrout, during the summer months and hot weather, the oysters, clams and other shellfish are not safe to eat and the fish make an annual migration out of the pass. During this period, tribal bands would migrate inland, moving back from the damage of summer tropical storms and hurricanes was another reason for their yearly migration. Historic accounts tell of Karankawas encountered as far inland as Colorado County at Eagle Lake, no evidence shows they made permanent camps there. They traversed the bays in dugouts and they built round huts covered in thatch. Some of the campsites have evidence of populations of several hundred, the Karankawa discarded clam and oyster shells, heaping them in huge mounds around the campsites. Their most prized hunting tools were the bow and arrows. Archeological excavation of campsites found evidence of discarded remains of deer and buffalo, the Karankawa also harvested a variety of local roots, berries including hackberries and nuts. They used the leaves of Ilex vomitoria or yaupon holly to prepare ceremonial black drink, the men drank it in quantity for psychoactive effects by its caffeine
34.
B.A.
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A Bachelor of Arts is a bachelors degree awarded for an undergraduate course or program in either the liberal arts, the sciences, or both. Bachelor of Arts degree programs take three to four years depending on the country, academic institution, and specific specializations, majors or minors. The word baccalaureus or baccalarium should not be confused with baccalaureatus, degree diplomas generally are printed on high-quality paper or parchment, individual institutions set the preferred abbreviation for their degrees. In Pakistan, the Bachelor of Arts degree can also be attained within two years as an external degree, in colleges and universities in Australia, New Zealand, Nepal and South Africa, the BA degree can be taken over three years of full-time study. Unlike in other countries, students do not receive a grade for their Bachelor of Arts degree with varying levels of honours. Qualified students may be admitted, after they have achieved their Bachelors program with an overall grade point average. Thus, to achieve a Bachelor Honours degree, a postgraduate year. A student who holds a Honours degree is eligible for entry to either a Doctorate or a very high research Master´s degree program. Education in Canada is controlled by the Provinces and can be different depending on the province in Canada. Canadian universities typically offer a 3-year Bachelor of Arts degrees, in many universities and colleges, Bachelor of Arts degrees are differentiated either as Bachelors of Arts or as honours Bachelor of Arts degree. The honours degrees are designated with the abbreviation in brackets of. It should not be confused with the consecutive Bachelor of Arts degree with Honours, Latin Baccalaureatus in Artibus Cum Honore, BA hon. de jure without brackets and with a dot. It is a degree, which is considered to be the equivalent of a corresponding maîtrise degree under the French influenced system. Going back in history, a three-year Bachelor of Arts degree was called a pass degree or general degree. Students may be required to undertake a long high-quality research empirical thesis combined with a selection of courses from the relevant field of studies. The consecutive B. cum Honore degree is essential if students ultimate goal is to study towards a two- or three-year very high research masters´ degree qualification. A student holding a Baccalaureatus Cum Honore degree also may choose to complete a Doctor of Philosophy program without the requirement to first complete a masters degree, over the years, in some universities certain Baccalaureatus cum Honore programs have been changed to corresponding master´s degrees. In general, in all four countries, the B. A. degree is the standard required for entry into a masters programme, in science, a BA hons degree is generally a prerequisite for entrance to a Ph. D program or a very-high-research-activity master´s programme
35.
Austin, Texas
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Austin is the capital of the U. S. state of Texas and the seat of Travis County. It is the 11th-most populous city in the U. S. and it is the fastest growing large city in the United States and the second most populous capital city after Phoenix, Arizona. As of the U. S. Census Bureaus July 1,2015 estimate and it is the cultural and economic center of the Austin–Round Rock metropolitan area, which had an estimated population of 2,056,405 as of July 1,2016. In the 1830s, pioneers began to settle the area in central Austin along the Colorado River, in 1839, the site was officially chosen to replace Houston as the new capital of the Republic of Texas and was incorporated under the name Waterloo. Shortly thereafter, the name was changed to Austin in honor of Stephen F. Austin, the Father of Texas and the republics first secretary of state. The city subsequently grew throughout the 19th century and became a center for government and education with the construction of the Texas State Capitol and the University of Texas at Austin. After a lull in growth from the Great Depression, Austin resumed its development into a city and, by the 1980s, it emerged as a center for technology. A number of Fortune 500 companies have headquarters or regional offices in Austin, including Amazon. com, cisco, eBay, Google, IBM, Intel, Oracle Corporation, Texas Instruments, 3M, and Whole Foods Market. Dells worldwide headquarters is located in nearby Round Rock, a suburb of Austin, residents of Austin are known as Austinites. They include a mix of government employees, college students, musicians, high-tech workers, blue-collar workers. The city also adopted Silicon Hills as a nickname in the 1990s due to an influx of technology. In the late 1800s, Austin was known as the City of the Violet Crown because of the glow of light across the hills just after sunset. Even today, many Austin businesses use the term Violet Crown in their name, Austin is known as a clean-air city for its stringent no-smoking ordinances that apply to all public places and buildings, including restaurants and bars. The FBI ranked Austin as the second-safest major city in the U. S. for the year 2012, U. S. News & World Report named Austin the best place to live in the U. S. in 2017. Austin, Travis County and Williamson County have been the site of habitation since at least 9200 BC. When settlers arrived from Europe, the Tonkawa tribe inhabited the area, the Comanches and Lipan Apaches were also known to travel through the area. Spanish colonists, including the Espinosa-Olivares-Aguirre expedition, traveled through the area for centuries, in 1730, three missions from East Texas were combined and reestablished as one mission on the south side of the Colorado River, in what is now Zilker Park, in Austin. The mission was in area for only about seven months
36.
Screen Actors Guild
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The Screen Actors Guild was an American labor union which represented over 100,000 film and television principal and background performers worldwide. On March 30,2012, the leadership announced that the SAG membership voted to merge with the American Federation of Television. The Screen Actors Guild was associated with the Associated Actors and Artistes of America, AAAA is affiliated with the AFL–CIO. Internationally, the SAG was affiliated with the International Federation of Actors. C, since 1995, the guild annually awarded the Screen Actors Guild Awards, which are considered an indicator of success at the Academy Awards. This award is continued by SAG-AFTRA, in 1925, the Masquers Club was formed by actors discontent with the grueling work hours at the Hollywood studios. This was one of the concerns which led to the creation of the Screen Actors Guild in 1933. A meeting in March 1933 of six led to the guilds foundation. Aubrey Smith, Charles Starrett, Richard Tucker, Arthur Vinton, Morgan Wallace, many high-profile actors refused to join SAG initially. This changed when the producers made an agreement amongst themselves not to bid competitively for talent, a pivotal meeting, at the home of Frank Morgan, was what gave SAG its critical mass. Cantors participation was critical, particularly because of his friendship with the recently elected President Franklin D. Roosevelt, after several years and the passage of the National Labor Relations Act, the producers agreed to negotiate with SAG in 1937. Robinson, Edwin Stanley, Gloria Stuart, Lyle Talbot, Franchot Tone, Warren William, Ten of those summoned, dubbed the Hollywood Ten, refused to cooperate and were charged with contempt of Congress and sentenced to prison. The president of SAG – future United States President Ronald Reagan – also known to the FBI as Confidential Informant T-10, testified before the committee but never publicly named names. He felt that lacking a definite stand on the part of the government, subsequently, a climate of fear, enhanced by the threat of detention under the provisions of the McCarran Internal Security Act, permeated the film industry. On November 17,1947, the Screen Actors Guild voted to force its officers to take a non-communist pledge, none of those blacklisted were proven to advocate overthrowing the government – most simply had Marxist or socialist views. The Waldorf Statement marked the beginning of the Hollywood blacklist that saw hundreds of people prevented from working in the film industry, unfortunately, there are no credits to restore, nor any other belated recognition that we can offer our members who were blacklisted. They could not work under assumed names or employ surrogates to front for them, an actors work and his or her identity are inseparable. The Screen Actors Guild Ethnic Minorities Committee was co-founded in 1972 by actors Henry Darrow, Edith Diaz, Ricardo Montalban, the Screen Actors Guild Womens Committee was founded in 1972. In 1998, Naomi Marquez filed suit against SAG and Lakeside Productions claiming they had breached their duty of fair representation, the claim was denied by the Supreme Court
37.
Coors Light
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Coors Light is a 4. 2% ABV light beer brewed in Golden, Colorado and Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It was first produced in 1978 by the Coors Brewing Company, the beer has a Cold Certified label which turns the mountains on the label from white to blue when the beers temperature is lowered to 39 degrees fahrenheit. Coors Light has an icon to represent the beer in place of the logo. The icon is a drawing of a mountain with two peaks. The bottom has a tail that signifies movement, Adolph Coors was born in 1847 in a German town known today as Wuppertal-Oberbarmen. At the age of 14 he began working at the Henry Wenker Brewery in Dortmund, Adolph Coors considered that water was the key ingredient for a perfect beer. Therefore, he decided to locate Adolph Coors Company in Golden, the Rocky Mountains are the primary source of the water used in the beer. There were a number of trends occurring in the mid-1970s, health was one of the most discussed topics in the American population. The baby-boomer generation was reaching their drinking age, and therefore gave the beer drinking demographic a shift. They were concerned about their health, but they wanted to drink beer. There was a growing interest in low-calorie beverages, in 1975, light beers made up only 1% of beer consumption in the United States, and by 1994, they accounted for 35% of all domestic beer sold in the United States. In 1978, Coors introduced the popular Coors Light brand, Coors Light advertisings highlight the quality of the beer as the most refreshing place on earth. Additionally, Coors Light ads are designed to target young demographics, the stories behind the ads seek to capture the attention of young people, situating them in cool places they would like to be. Cavalry Agency out of Chicago, IL, is the current Advertising Agency for Coors Light and they are responsible for the Reach For The Cold Campaign featuring the Coors Light Explorers. Additionally, on April 2013, the agency produced a Digital Video for Coors Light ad known as Coors Light the brewer ambushes a summer party with the frosty taste of winter. The T. V. ad was considered the ad of the week in the Adweek publication, the brewery introduced the “perfect shot of refreshment” under the slogan of a “Silver Bullet”, a symbol of the silver can where the beer was packaged. The Coors Light aluminum pint was selected for its graphics, recyclability. On August,2013, the advertising industry’s self-regulatory unit referred Miller Coors’ ad claims to the Federal Trade Commission, according to the National Advertising Division, Miller Coors declined to provide a substantive response to the challenge
38.
My Boyfriend's Back (1993 film)
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The films title is a reference to the 1963 song of the same name by The Angels. The original title of the film, Johnny Zombie was changed shortly before the theatrical release. Philip Seymour Hoffman, Matthew McConaughey, and Matthew Fox appear in roles in the film. Eager to impress his crush, Johnny Dingle arranges a fake robbery in the store where Missy McCloud works, Dingle intends to foil the robbery and save McCloud. The plan backfires, and Dingle is shot, as he lies dying in the store, he asks her to the prom, and McCloud agrees. After his funeral, Dingle inexplicably returns as a zombie and attempts to reintegrate into society, though he faces anti-zombie discrimination, Dingle is allowed back in school, where he eats a bully. McCloud, though reluctant to follow through with her promise, eventually agrees to attend the prom with Dingle, as McCloud slowly falls for him, Dingle wrestles with his urge to cannibalize McCloud. Dingle eventually overcomes his urges and takes McCloud to the prom, as he goes to heaven, Dingle learns that a mishap in heaven was the cause for his return as a zombie. Because he was never meant to die, he is sent back to Earth, Dingle again sacrifices himself for McCloud during the robbery, but his life is spared when the bullet is deflected by a locket he bought as gift for McCloud. McCloud, overcome by his sacrifice and the gift of the locket, as a zombie, Dingle is discriminated against and ostracized, which is meant to show zombies as outsiders. This is the first film role for Matthew Fox and Matthew McConaughey, renée Zellwegers only scene was cut from the film. Rotten Tomatoes, an aggregator, reports that 14% of 21 surveyed critics gave the film a positive review. Variety called it an offbeat comedy that repeats ideas and jokes more effectively used in his 1989 Parents. Kevin Thomas of the Los Angeles Times called it a teen horror comedy. Thomas wrote that has a tone of sunny sitcom jauntiness when it should have focused on dark satire. Mark Caro of the Chicago Tribune wrote, The movie is full of plot twists, embarrassingly broad performances. Caro criticized the casting of Lowery, calling his character perhaps the least interesting movie zombie ever, jeff Shannon of the Seattle Times wrote, Simply put, absolutely none of it works. The movie utterly fails to set a foundation for its dark fantasy, ty Burr of Entertainment Weekly rated it D and compared it negatively to Heathers
39.
Houston
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Houston is the most populous city in the state of Texas and the fourth-most populous city in the United States. With a census-estimated 2014 population of 2.239 million within an area of 667 square miles, it also is the largest city in the southern United States and the seat of Harris County. Located in Southeast Texas near the Gulf of Mexico, it is the city of Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land. Houston was founded on August 28,1836, near the banks of Buffalo Bayou and incorporated as a city on June 5,1837. The city was named after former General Sam Houston, who was president of the Republic of Texas and had commanded, the burgeoning port and railroad industry, combined with oil discovery in 1901, has induced continual surges in the citys population. Houstons economy has an industrial base in energy, manufacturing, aeronautics. Leading in health care sectors and building equipment, Houston has more Fortune 500 headquarters within its city limits than any city except for New York City. The Port of Houston ranks first in the United States in international waterborne tonnage handled, the city has a population from various ethnic and religious backgrounds and a large and growing international community. Houston is the most diverse city in Texas and has described as the most diverse in the United States. It is home to cultural institutions and exhibits, which attract more than 7 million visitors a year to the Museum District. Houston has a visual and performing arts scene in the Theater District. In August 1836, two real estate entrepreneurs from New York, Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen, purchased 6,642 acres of land along Buffalo Bayou with the intent of founding a city. The Allen brothers decided to name the city after Sam Houston, the general at the Battle of San Jacinto. The great majority of slaves in Texas came with their owners from the slave states. Sizable numbers, however, came through the slave trade. New Orleans was the center of trade in the Deep South. Thousands of enslaved African Americans lived near the city before the Civil War, many of them near the city worked on sugar and cotton plantations, while most of those in the city limits had domestic and artisan jobs. Houston was granted incorporation on June 5,1837, with James S. Holman becoming its first mayor, in the same year, Houston became the county seat of Harrisburg County and the temporary capital of the Republic of Texas
40.
American Broadcasting Company
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The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan, New York City. There are additional offices and production facilities elsewhere in New York City, as well as in Los Angeles and Burbank. Since 2007, when ABC Radio was sold to Citadel Broadcasting, ABC originally launched on October 12,1943, as a radio network, separated from and serving as the successor to the NBC Blue Network, which had been purchased by Edward J. Noble. It extended its operations to television in 1948, following in the footsteps of established broadcast networks CBS, in the mid-1950s, ABC merged with United Paramount Theatres, a chain of movie theaters that formerly operated as a subsidiary of Paramount Pictures. Leonard Goldenson, who had been the head of UPT, made the new television network profitable by helping develop, in 1996, most of Capital Cities/ABCs assets were purchased by The Walt Disney Company. The television network has eight owned-and-operated and over 232 affiliated television stations throughout the United States, most Canadians have access to at least one U. S. ABC News provides news and features content for radio stations owned by Citadel Broadcasting. In the 1930s, radio in the United States was dominated by three companies, the Columbia Broadcasting System, the Mutual Broadcasting System and the National Broadcasting Company. The last was owned by electronics manufacturer Radio Corporation of America, in 1938, the FCC began a series of investigations into the practices of radio networks and published its report on the broadcasting of network radio programs in 1940. The report recommended that RCA give up control of either NBC Red or NBC Blue, at that time, the NBC Red Network was the principal radio network in the United States and, according to the FCC, RCA was using NBC Blue to eliminate any hint of competition. Once Mutuals appeals against the FCC were rejected, RCA decided to sell NBC Blue in 1941, the newly separated NBC Red and NBC Blue divided their respective corporate assets. Investment firm Dillon, Read & Co. offered $7.5 million to purchase the network, Edward John Noble, the owner of Life Savers candy, drugstore chain Rexall and New York City radio station WMCA, purchased the network for $8 million. Due to FCC ownership rules, the transaction, which was to include the purchase of three RCA stations by Noble, would require him to resell his station with the FCCs approval, the Commission authorized the transaction on October 12,1943. Soon afterward, the Blue Network was purchased by the new company Noble founded, Noble subsequently acquired the rights to the American Broadcasting Company name from George B. Meanwhile, in August 1944, the West Coast division of the Blue Network, both stations were then managed by Don Searle, the vice-president of the Blue Networks West Coast division. The ABC Radio Network created its audience slowly, the network also became known for such suspenseful dramas as Sherlock Holmes, Gang Busters and Counterspy, as well as several mid-afternoon youth-oriented programs. S. From Nazi Germany after its conquest, to pre-record its programming, while its radio network was undergoing reconstruction, ABC found it difficult to avoid falling behind on the new medium of television. To ensure a space, in 1947, ABC submitted five applications for television station licenses, the ABC television network made its debut on April 19,1948, with WFIL-TV in Philadelphia becoming its first primary affiliate
41.
Murder in the Heartland
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Murder in the Heartland is a television miniseries that aired on ABC in 1993. It was based on the 1957–58 murder spree carried out by 19-year-old Charles Starkweather throughout Nebraska, the first half of the miniseries covers the murders. The second half covers the trials of Starkweather and Caril Ann Fugate and their increasingly disparate versions of events are contrasted as the trials unfold. The film received praise from critics and multiple Emmy nominations. The entire film was shot on location in and around McKinney, brian Dennehy was nominated for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or Special. Ronald Victor Garcia was nominated for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Cinematography, an edited version of the production saw a limited release on VHS. Previously inspired by the Starkweather story were The Sadist, a 1963 film by James Landis, Terrence Malicks 1973 movie Badlands, the 1994 film Natural Born Killers was also partly inspired by these events. The 2004 film Starkweather directed by Bryon Werner, starring Brent Taylor as Charles Starkweather, murder in the Heartland at the Internet Movie Database
42.
Reality Bites
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Reality Bites is a 1994 American romantic comedy-drama film written by Helen Childress and directed by Ben Stiller. It stars Winona Ryder, Ethan Hawke and Stiller, with supporting roles by Janeane Garofalo, the plot follows Lelaina, an aspiring videographer working on a documentary called Reality Bites about the disenfranchised lives of her friends and roommates. Their challenges exemplify some of the career and lifestyle choices faced by Generation X, the films critical reception was mixed, but was successful commercially, grossing $20 million in the United States on an $11 million budget. Critics highlighted the performances of Ryder, Hawke and Garofalo in particular, four friends who recently graduated from college live together in Houston, Texas. Coffee-house guitarist Troy Dyer and budding filmmaker Lelaina Pierce are attracted to other, although they have not acted on their feelings except for one brief. Troy is floundering, having lost several minimum wage jobs—the last of which he early in the film for stealing a candy bar from his employer. Lelaina was valedictorian of her university, and has aspirations to become a documentarian, although initially having to settle for a position as assistant to a rude. Lelaina meets Michael Grates when she throws a cigarette into his convertible, the two soon begin to date. He works at an MTV-like cable channel called In Your Face as an executive, Vickie works as a sales associate for The Gap, and is later promoted to manager and seems content with her new job. Her friend Sammy Gray is gay, he remains celibate, not because of a fear of AIDS, after an impulsive act of retribution, Lelaina loses her job, which causes some tension with her roommates. Eventually, Vickies AIDS test comes back negative and Sammy comes out to his parents, Lelaina and Troy then sleep together and confess their love. The morning after, he avoids her, and after a messy confrontation, after Troys father dies, he forces himself to reevaluate his life, deciding to attempt a relationship with Lelaina. Troy and Lelaina reunite and make amends after Troy returns from his fathers funeral in Chicago, as the shows credits roll, Michaels name is revealed as the producer, implying that he has turned the failed relationship into the subject of a new show on his network. He had read a screenplay entitled Blue Bayou, written by Helen Childress on spec in 1990. He liked it and met with her, and she proceeded to tell him about her life and friends, for three years, she wrote and rewrote Reality Bites, generating 70 different drafts. Childress decided to use her friends, their personalities and experiences as the basis for her film, the films producers saw the pilot episode for The Ben Stiller Show and approached Stiller to direct it, but not act in it. He signed on to direct in 1992 and worked with Childress for nine to ten months developing the script. Initially, Childress, working with producer Stacey Sher, had figured out the characters of Lelaina and Troy, Stiller suggested that he could play that third person
43.
Ben Stiller
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Benjamin Edward Meara Ben Stiller is an American actor, comedian, and filmmaker. He is the son of comedians and actors Jerry Stiller. After beginning his career with a play, Stiller wrote several mockumentaries, and was offered his own show entitled The Ben Stiller Show. Having previously acted in television, he began acting in films, in addition, he has had multiple cameos in music videos, television shows, and films. Stiller is a member of a group of comedic actors colloquially known as the Frat Pack and his films have grossed more than $2.6 billion in Canada and the United States, with an average of $79 million per film. Throughout his career, he has received awards and honors, including an Emmy Award, multiple MTV Movie Awards. Benjamin Edward Meara Stiller was born on November 30,1965 in New York City and his father, comedian and actor Jerry Stiller, is from a Jewish family that emigrated from Poland and Galicia in Eastern Europe. His mother, actress/comedian Anne Meara, who was from an Irish Catholic background, while the family was never very religious, they celebrated both Hanukkah and Christmas, and Stiller had a Bar Mitzvah. His parents frequently took him on the sets of their appearances and he considered his childhood unusual, stating In some ways, it was a show-business upbringing—a lot of traveling, a lot of late nights—not what youd call traditional. His elder sister, Amy, has appeared in many of his productions, including Reality Bites, DodgeBall, A True Underdog Story, Stiller displayed an early interest in filmmaking and made Super 8 movies with his sister and friends. At nine years old, he made his debut as a guest on his mothers short-lived television series. In the late 1970s, he performed with the New York City troupe NYCs First All Childrens Theater, playing roles, including the title role in Clever Jack. After being inspired by the television show Second City Television while in high school, during his high school years, he was also the drummer of the punk band Capital Punishment, which released a studio album named Roadkill in 1982. Stiller attended The Cathedral School of St. John the Divine and he started performing on the cabaret circuit as opening act to the cabaret siren Jadin Wong. Stiller then enrolled as a student at the University of California. After nine months, Stiller left school to move back to New York City and he made his way through acting classes, auditioning and trying to find an agent. When he was approximately 15, Stiller obtained a part with one line on the television soap opera Guiding Light. He was later cast in a role in the 1986 Broadway revival of John Guares The House of Blue Leaves, alongside John Mahoney, during its run, Stiller produced a satirical mockumentary whose principal was fellow actor Mahoney
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