Reverse overshot water wheel
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Frequently used in mines and probably elsewhere, the reverse overshot water wheel was a Roman innovation to help remove water from the lowest levels of underground workings. It is described by Vitruvi
Drainage wheel from Rio Tinto mines
Sequence of wheels found in Rio Tinto mines
Roman screw used to dewater mines in Spain
Rio Tinto (river)
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The Río Tinto is a highly toxic river in southwestern Spain that rises in the Sierra Morena mountains of Andalusia. It flows generally south-southwest, reaching the Gulf of Cádiz at Huelva. The Río Ti
Reverse overshot water wheel
…produce a steady stream of water. Fragments of such machines have been found in mines which were re-opened in the Victorian era in Spain, especially at Rio Tinto, where one example used no less than 16 such wheels working in pairs, each pair of wheels lifting water about 3.5 metres (11 ft), so giving a total…
Rio Tinto
Roman wooden wheel for extracting water from deep Rio Tinto mines and now in the British Museum (1st-2nd Centuries AD)
The Río Tinto in 2006
Río Tinto river