1.
IMDb
–
In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc, who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes. As of January 2017, IMDb has approximately 4.1 million titles and 7.7 million personalities in its database, the site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Although all data is checked before going live, the system has open to abuse. The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users, IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20,2017. Anyone with a connection can read the movie and talent pages of IMDb. A registration process is however, to contribute info to the site. A registered user chooses a name for themselves, and is given a profile page. These badges range from total contributions made, to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, if a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry, and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO. Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and this fee enrolls them in a membership called IMDbPro. PRO can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is $19.99 USD per month, or if paid annually, $149.99, which comes to approximately $12.50 per month USD. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in PRO for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as a user, and contribute to the site as well as enjoy its content, however those users enrolled in PRO have greater access and privileges. IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled Those Eyes, others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an Actors List, while Dave Knight began a Directors List, and Andy Krieg took over THE LIST from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the Actress List. Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, the goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible. By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17,1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, at the time, it was known as the rec. arts. movies movie database
2.
New York City
–
The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange
3.
Southampton, New York
–
Southampton, officially the Town of Southampton, is a town located in southeastern Suffolk County, New York, partly on the South Fork of Long Island. As of the 2010 United States Census, the town had a population of 56,790. Southampton is included in the stretch of shoreline prominently known as The Hamptons, stony Brook Universitys Southampton campus is located here. The town was founded when settlers from Lynn, Massachusetts established residence on lands obtained from local Shinnecock Indian Nation in 1640, the first settlers included eight men, one woman, and a boy who came ashore at Conscience Point. These men were Thomas Halsey, Edward Howell, Edmond Farrington, Edmund Needham, Abraham Pierson the Elder, Thomas Sayre, Josiah Stanborough, George Welbe, Henry Walton, by July 7,1640, they had determined the town boundaries. During the next few years, Southampton was further increased in population by 43 families, the first meeting house was on a hill that is the site of the current Southampton Hospital. The oldest existent house in the town is the Halsey House at 249 Main Street, Southampton has 47 public and private cemeteries, not including Shinnecock Hills Golf Club, which is claimed as an Indian burial ground that is no longer in active use. Southampton is named after the city of Southampton in Hampshire. The Town of Southampton operates an official web site. The site shows the locations of over 100 points of interest, historic markers, the disputed property includes the Shinnecock Hills Golf Club, which Shinnecock say is the location of tribe burial grounds. The tribe has challenged the state approval of an 1859 sale of the 3500 acres of tribal land. This broke the terms of a 1, 000-year-lease signed by Southampton colonial officials, the suit charges that in 1859, a group of powerful New York investors conspired to break the lease by sending the state Legislature a fraudulent petition from a number of Shinnecock tribal members. Although other tribal members protested that the petition was a forgery. The current town supervisor is Jay Schneiderman, an Independence Party member who was elected in November 2015 with 56. 34% of the vote. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has an area of 295.6 square miles. The total area is 53. 02% water, the Town of Southampton contains 7 incorporated villages and 16 unincorporated areas, which are called hamlets in New York state. The population density was 394.0 people per square mile, there were 35,836 housing units at an average density of 258.0 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 87. 98% White,6. 62% Black or African American,0. 41% Native American,0. 89% Asian,0. 08% Pacific Islander,2. 28% from other races, and 1. 73% from two or more races
4.
Ferncliff Cemetery
–
Ferncliff Cemetery and Mausoleum is located at 280 Secor Road in the hamlet of Hartsdale, town of Greenburgh, Westchester County, New York, about 25 miles north of Midtown Manhattan. It was founded in 1902, and is non-sectarian, Ferncliff has three community mausoleums, a crematory, a small chapel, and a main office located in the rear of the main building. Ferncliff Cemetery has three community mausoleums that offer what The New York Times has described as lavish burial spaces, as of 2001, a standard crypt space in the mausoleums was priced at $15,000. The highest-priced spaces were private rooms with bronze gates, crystal chandeliers. The Ferncliff Mausoleum, aka The Cathedral of Memories, is the cemeterys oldest mausoleum and it has classic architecture, but the corridors are dark without glass panes to admit natural light. Ed Sullivan and Joan Crawford are two of the most famous interments in the main mausoleum, the Shrine of Memories is Ferncliffs second mausoleum and was constructed in 1956. Shrine of Memories is a contemporary structure than Ferncliff Mausoleum. It has many panes of glass to admit light. Basil Rathbone is one of the most famous interments in Shrine of Memories, Rosewood is Ferncliffs most recently completed community mausoleum, having been constructed in 1999. The architect of Rosewood was Joseph J. Mangan Aaliyah and her father Michael Haughton have a room in Rosewood. Cab Calloway is interred with his wife Zulme Nuffie, the cemetery is also known for its in-ground burials in sections located in front of the mausoleums. Ferncliff is one of the few cemeteries that does not permit upright headstones in its outdoor plots. All outdoor grave markers are flush with the ground and this feature facilitates maintenance of the cemetery grounds. However, there are several upright headstones that were placed before this policy was instituted, malcolm X and the most famous ground burials, in plot Pinewood B. Petilli Jr, owner of Big Apple Bus Co, david M. Potts, U. S. Congressman, House of Rep. V. Because of local ordinances, no additional crematories can be constructed in Westchester County, people whose remains were cremated at Ferncliff and whose ashes were taken somewhere else include, Alan Freed, radio DJ known as The Father of Rock & Roll. His ashes were moved to the Rock and Roll Hall Of Fame in 2002 and his ashes were scattered at his Santa Fe, New Mexico, ranch. John Lennon, singer and songwriter Alan Jay Lerner, composer and playwright Nelson Rockefeller, Governor of New York and his ashes were scattered on his estate. S
5.
Trinity College (Connecticut)
–
Trinity College is a private liberal arts college in Hartford, Connecticut. Founded in 1823, it is the second-oldest college in the state of Connecticut after Yale University, the college is an urban campus. Coeducational since 1969, the college enrolls 2,300 students, Trinity offers 38 majors and 26 minors, with a student to faculty ratio of 10,1. The college is a member of the New England Small College Athletic Conference, U. S. News & World Report ranked Trinity tied for 38th in its 2017 ranking of best national liberal arts colleges in the United States. Early Connecticut was dominated by Congregationalists, episcopalians, whod long sought to set up their own college, were provided an opportunity when the Connecticut Constitution disestablished the Congregationalist Church 1818. It was taken by Bishop Thomas Brownell, who opened Washington College in 1824 to nine students, a fourteen-acre site was chosen, at the time about a half-mile from the city of Hartford. Over time Bushnell Park was laid out to the north and the east, the college was renamed Trinity College in 1845, the original campus consisted of two Greek Revival buildings, one housing a chapel, library, and lecture rooms and the other, a dormitory. The site next to Bushnell Park, where Trinity College then stood, was deemed to be a location to build a state house. So the trustees were persuaded to sell the campus to the city in 1872 for $600,000. The trustees moved the college to an 80 acre site on a ridge on the edge of Hartford. Then-president Abner Jackson hired an English architect to draw up plans for an entire campus, Construction of the new campus was begun under the presidency of Thomas Ruggles Pynchon. In 1872, Trinity College was persuaded by the state to move from its downtown “College Hill” location to its current 100-acre campus a mile southwest. Although the college sold its land overlooking the Park River and Bushnell Park in 1872, the original plans for the Gallows Hill site were drawn by the noted Victorian architect William Burges but were too ambitious and too expensive to be fully realized. Only one section of the campus plan, the Long Walk, was completed. By 1889 the library contained 30,000 volumes, and the school boasted over 900 graduates, President Remsen Ogilby enlarged the campus, and more than doubled the endowment. The faculty grew from 25 to 62, and the student body from 167 to 530 men, under President Keith Funston, returning veterans expanded the enrollment to 900. Trinity ended the century as an institution primarily serving the Hartford area. The early years of the century were primarily growth years for Trinity, enrollment was increased to 500 men
6.
Mary Hay (actress)
–
Mary Hay was an American dancer, musical comedy and silent screen actress, playwright and former Ziegfeld girl, active over the decade popularly known as the Roaring Twenties. Hay was a graduate of the Anna Head School for Girls in Berkeley and had studied dance at Ruth St. Denis’ Denishawn studio in Los Angeles, the dog was played by comedian Phil Dwyer. W. Hay had known actor Richard Barthelmess, who starred in the film opposite Lillian Gish and their engagement and subsequent wedding on June 18,1920, at Manhattan’s Church of the Heavenly Rest was widely covered by the press and entertainment tabloids of the day. Hay played the supporting role ‘Miss Barbara Sternroyd’ in Marjolaine, a comedy by Catherine Chisholm Cushing that opened at the Broadhurst Theatre on January 24,1922. Marjolaine, based on the comedy Pomander Walk by Louis N. Parker, Marjolaine closed in late May after a successful run of 136 performances. On Christmas Day,1925, Hay created the role in Mary Jane McKane. The play had a run at the Imperial Theatre that extended into May 1926. That September she played ’Weenie Winters’ in the successful musical comedy Sunny by Oscar Hammerstein II. Sunny opened at the New Amsterdam on September 22,1925, treasure Girl closed at the Alvin on January 5,1929, after 68 performances. Under the pseudonyms Bruce Spaulding and Anthony Baird, Hay and Nella Stewart wrote the farce She’s No Lady that opened in Chicago on March 2,1930 and her last Broadway play was Greater Love, which she co-wrote and played in. Greater Love ended its run at the Liberty Theatre on March 19,1931 after 8 performances, hay’s Hollywood career consists of only two other known films, Eastward Ho in 1919 and New Toys released in 1925. In the latter she played ‘Mary Lane’ In support of her husband’s character, by May 1925, Hay had separated from Barthelmess with an arrangement to share custody of their young daughter, Mary Hay Barthelmess. During this time she formed an act with Clifton Webb performing at supper clubs in Europe. Her marriage ended in mid January 1927, a few weeks after a Paris court had granted a divorce decree, on April 9,1927 at Greenwich, Connecticut, Hay married Vivian Bath, a wealthy British rubber merchant from Singapore, where the two planned to live. This marriage ended in 1934 at San Francisco, some six years after the birth of their daughter Anne, Hay remained in San Francisco where she became active in little theater productions and, in 1939, married artist Richard Hastings, a grandson of Serranus Clinton Hastings. Hay’s third daughter, Joyce Hastings, was born the year in Georgia, not far from their second home in Carrabelle. Hay divorced again around 1952, about the time she began to suffer heart disease. She died at her home in Inverness, California, with her daughter at her bedside
7.
Lillian Gish
–
Lillian Diana Gish was an American actress of the screen and stage, as well as a director and writer whose film acting career spanned 75 years, from 1912 in silent film shorts to 1987. Gish was called the First Lady of American Cinema, and she is credited with pioneering fundamental film performing techniques and she also did considerable television work from the early 1950s into the 1980s and closed her career playing opposite Bette Davis in the 1987 film The Whales of August. In her later years Gish became an advocate for the appreciation and preservation of silent film. Gish is widely considered to be the greatest actress of the silent era, despite being better known for her film work, Gish was also an accomplished stage actress, and she was inducted into the American Theatre Hall of Fame in 1972. Gish was born in Springfield, Ohio, to Mary Robinson McConnell and she had a younger sister, Dorothy, who also became a popular movie star. The first several generations of Gishes were Dunkard ministers and her great-great-grandfather fought in the American Revolutionary War and is buried in a cemetery in Pennsylvania for such soldiers. Letters between Gish and a Pennsylvania college professor indicate that her knowledge of her background was limited. Gishs father was an unreliable alcoholic, when he left the family, her mother took up acting to support them. The family moved to East St. Louis, Illinois, where lived for several years with Lillians aunt and uncle, Henry. Their mother opened the Majestic Candy Kitchen, and the girls helped sell popcorn and candy to patrons of the old Majestic Theater, the girls attended St. Henrys School, where they acted in school plays. The girls were living with their aunt Emily in Massillon, Ohio, Lillian traveled to Shawnee, Oklahoma, where Jamess brother Alfred Grant Gish and his wife, lived. Her father, who by then was institutionalized in the Oklahoma Hospital for the Insane in Norman and he was able to travel the 35 miles to Shawnee and the two got reacquainted. She stayed with her aunt and uncle and attended Shawnee High School there and she wrote to her sister Dorothy that she was thinking of staying and finishing high school and then going to college, but she missed her family. Her father died in Norman, Oklahoma, January 9,1912, when the theater next to the candy store burned down, the family moved to New York, where the girls became good friends with a next-door neighbor, Gladys Smith. Gladys was an actress who did some work for director D. W. Griffith. When Lillian and Dorothy were old enough, they joined the theatre and they also took modeling jobs, with Lillian posing for artist Victor Maurel in exchange for voice lessons. In 1912, their friend Mary Pickford introduced the sisters to Griffith, Lillian Gish would soon become one of Americas best-loved actresses. Although she was already 19, she gave her age as 16 to the studio, Gish made her stage debut in 1902, at The Little Red School House in Rising Sun, Ohio
8.
D. W. Griffith
–
David Wark D. W. Griffith was an American director, writer, and producer who pioneered modern filmmaking techniques. Griffith is best remembered for The Birth of a Nation and Intolerance, the Birth of a Nation made use of advanced camera and narrative techniques, and its popularity set the stage for the dominance of the feature-length film in the United States. Today, it is noted for its radical technique and condemned for its inherently racist philosophy. The film was subject to boycotts by the NAACP and, after screenings of the film had caused riots at several theaters, Intolerance, his next film, was, in part, an answer to his critics. By the time of his feature, The Struggle, he had made roughly 500 films. Griffith is one of the founders of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences and he is credited with popularizing the use of the close-up shot. Griffith was born on a farm in Oldham County, Kentucky, Jacob was a Confederate Army colonel in the American Civil War and was elected as a Kentucky state legislator. He attended a one-room schoolhouse where he was taught by his older sister, after his father died when he was ten, the family struggled with poverty. When Griffith was 14, his mother abandoned the farm and moved the family to Louisville, Griffith then left high school to help support the family, taking a job in a dry goods store and later in a bookstore. Griffith began his career as an actor in touring companies. Meanwhile, he was learning how to become a playwright, but had little success—only one of his plays was accepted for a performance, Griffith then decided to become an actor, and appeared in many films as an extra. Griffith began making films in 1908, and released his first feature film, Judith of Bethulia. A few years earlier, in 1907, Griffith, still struggling as a playwright, Porter rejected Griffiths script, but gave him an acting part in Rescued from an Eagles Nest instead. Finding this attractive, Griffith began to explore a career as an actor in the picture business. At Biograph, Griffiths career in the industry would change forever. In 1908, Biographs main director Wallace McCutcheon grew ill, and his son, Wallace McCutcheon, McCutcheon, Jr. however, was not able to bring the studio any success. As a result, Biograph co-founder, Henry Harry Marvin, decided to give Griffith the position, Griffith would end up directing forty-eight shorts for the company that year. His short In Old California was the first film shot in Hollywood, four years later he produced and directed his first feature film Judith of Bethulia, one of the earliest to be produced in the United States
9.
Broken Blossoms
–
Broken Blossoms or The Yellow Man and the Girl, often referred to simply as Broken Blossoms, is a 1919 American silent drama film directed by D. W. Griffith. It was distributed by United Artists and premiered on May 13,1919 and it was the second film released by United Artists. It is based on Thomas Burkes short story The Chink and the Child from the 1916 collection Limehouse Nights, Cheng Huan leaves his native China because he dreams to spread the gentle message of Buddha to the Anglo-Saxon lands. His idealism fades as he is faced with the reality of Londons gritty inner-city. However, his mission is realized in his devotion to the broken blossom Lucy Burrows. After being beaten and discarded one evening by her father, Lucy finds sanctuary in Chengs home. As Cheng nurses Lucy back to health, the two form a bond as two unwanted outcasts of society, all goes astray for them when Lucys father gets wind of his daughters whereabouts and in a drunken rage drags her back to their home to punish her. Fearing for her life, Lucy locks herself inside a closet to escape her contemptuous father, by the time Cheng arrives to rescue Lucy, whom he so innocently adores, it is too late. Lucys lifeless body lies on her modest bed as Battling has a drink in the other room. As Cheng gazes at Lucys youthful face which, in spite of the circumstances, beams with innocence and even the slightest hint of a smile, Battling enters the room to make his escape. The two stand for a long while, exchanging spiteful glances, until Battling lunges for Cheng with a hatchet, after returning to his home with Lucys body, Cheng builds a shrine to Buddha and takes his own life with a knife to the chest. Conversely, the Burrows bare cell reeks of oppression and hostility, Griffith was unsure of his final product and took several months to complete the editing, saying, I cant look at the damn thing, it depresses me so. The film was made for Famous Players Lasky. That company sold it to the newly founded United Artists for $250,000, the movie turned out to be a hit at the box office and earned a profit of $700,000. Broken Blossoms premiered in May 1919, at the George M. Cohan Theatre in New York City as part of the D. W. Griffith Repertory Season. According to Lillian Gishs autobiography, theaters were decorated with flowers, moon lanterns, critics and audiences were pleased with Griffiths follow-up film to his 1916 epic Intolerance. Contrasting with Intolerances grand story, set and length, Griffith charmed audiences by the delicacy with which Broken Blossoms handled such a complex subject, few pictures have enjoyed greater or more lasting success destime. She said Griffith himself was sickened while directing her in the closet scene, today, Broken Blossoms is widely regarded as one of Griffiths finest works
10.
Way Down East
–
Way Down East is a 1920 American silent romantic drama film directed by D. W. Griffith and starring Lillian Gish. It is one of four film adaptations of the melodramatic 19th century play Way Down East by Lottie Blair Parker, there were two earlier silent versions and one sound version in 1935 starring Henry Fonda. Griffiths version is remembered for its exciting climax in which Lillian Gishs character is rescued from doom on an icy river. Some sources, quoting newspaper ads of the time, say a sequence was filmed in a color process. The rich, typified by the handsome man-about-town Lennox, are exceptionally selfish, Anna is a poor country girl whom Lennox tricks into a fake wedding. When she becomes pregnant, he leaves her and she has the baby, named Trust Lennox, on her own. When the baby dies she wanders until she gets a job with Squire Bartlett, David, Squire Bartletts son, falls for her, but she rejects him due to her past. Then Lennox shows up lusting for another girl, Kate. Seeing Anna, he tries to get her to leave, but she refuses to go, finally, Squire Bartlett learns of Annas past from Martha, the town gossip. In his anger, he tosses Anna out into a snow storm, before she goes, she fingers the respected Lennox as her despoiler and the father of her dead baby. Anna becomes lost in the storm while David leads a search party. In the famous climax, the unconscious Anna floats on an ice floe down a river towards a waterfall, until rescued at the last moment by David, subplots relate the romances and eventual marriages of some of the picaresque characters inhabiting the village. Davies died in 1912 but had toured the play for well over ten years, the play was considered outdated by the time of its cinematic production in 1920. The play was a story that espoused nineteenth century Americana. Although it was Griffiths most expensive film to date, it was one of his most commercially successful. Way Down East is the fourth highest grossing silent film in cinema history, silentEra. com says that some sequences of Way Down East were filmed in an early Technicolor process. Clarine Seymour had appeared in four previous Griffith films, and was hired to play Kate, however, her role was given to Mary Hay, and Seymours footage reshot, when Seymour died after surgery. The famous ice floe sequence was filmed in White River Junction, an actual waterfall was used, though it was only a few feet high — the long shot where a large drop is shown was filmed at Niagara Falls
