Richard James Oglesby was an American soldier and Republican politician from Illinois, who served three non-consecutive terms as Governor of Illinois and as a United States Senator from Illinois, and earlier was a member of the Illinois Senate, elected in 1860. The town of Oglesby, Illinois, is named in his honor, as is an elementary school situated in the Auburn Gresham neighborhood of Chicago's south side.

Oglesby is a city in LaSalle County, Illinois, United States. The population was 3,712 at the 2020 census, down from 3,791 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Ottawa Micropolitan Statistical Area.