The ring shout is a distinctive African American ritual dance originating with enslaved Africans in the southern United States where worshippers move in a counterclockwise circle while hand-clapping,
The 18th-century painting The Old Plantation depicts several examples of Africanisms brought to the Carolinas, including musical instruments, headdresses, dance steps, conjure stick, and spiritual traditions.
(Freedmen's school, Edisto Island, S.C.) Northern teachers documented the ring shout practiced by their students and local Gullah Geechee residents.