A ring system is a disc or torus orbiting an astronomical object that is composed of numerous solid bodies such as dust particles, meteoroids, minor planets, moonlets, or stellar objects.
The ring orbiting Saturn consists mostly of chunks of ice and dust. The small dark spot on Saturn is the shadow from Saturn's moon Enceladus.
Silhouette of Chariklo and its rings on 23 July 2017, revealed by occultation observations from various locations on Earth
Artist's depiction of Haumea's ring system
A Galileo image of Jupiter's main ring.
Saturn has the most extensive and complex ring system of any planet in the Solar System. The rings consist of particles in orbit around the planet, ranging from micrometers to meters in size, and are
Ring system
…moonlets, or stellar objects. Ring systems are best known as planetary rings, common components of satellite systems around giant planets such as the rings of Saturn, or circumplanetary disks. But they can also be galactic rings and circumstellar discs, belts of minor planets, such as the asteroid belt or Kuiper…
The full set of rings, imaged on 19 July 2013, as Saturn eclipses the Sun from the vantage of the Cassini orbiter, which is 1.2 million kilometres (0.75 million miles) from Saturn. Earth appears as a dot at 5 o'clock, between the G and E rings – with its brightness artificially exaggerated in this photograph.
Huygens' ring hypothesis in Systema Saturnium (1659)
Simulated image using color to present radio-occultation-derived particle size data. The attenuation of 0.94-, 3.6-, and 13-cm signals sent by Cassini through the rings to Earth shows abundance of particles of sizes similar to or larger than those wavelengths. Purple (B, inner A Ring) means few particles are < 5 cm (all signals similarly attenuated). Green and blue (C, outer A Ring) mean particles < 5 cm and < 1 cm, respectively, are common. White areas (B Ring) are too dense to transmit adequate signal. Other evidence shows rings A to C have a broad range of particle sizes, up to m across.
Cassini space probe view of the unilluminated side of Saturn's rings (October 10, 2013).