A river pirate is a pirate who operates along a river. The term has been used to describe many different kinds of pirate groups who carry out riverine attacks in Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, and South America. They are usually prosecuted under national, not international law.
The Yangtze River of China, a hotbed of river pirate activity from the nineteenth century until the end of the Chinese Civil War in 1949, which was combated by patrols of American and European gunboat flotillas.
The Mekong River, where modern-day Asian river piracy exists.
A Mekong River sampan boat, typically used by modern-day Asian river pirates
The Balkan Narentines, of the ninth and tenth centuries, were known for piracy on the River Neretva. The Ushkuiniks were Russian Novgorodian Volga river pirates from the tenth to the fourteenth centuries. Both medieval river pirate groups were Slavic versions of Viking river raiders.
The Yangtze Patrol, also known as the Yangtze River Patrol Force, Yangtze River Patrol, YangPat, and ComYangPat, was a prolonged naval operation from 1854 to 1949 to protect American interests in the Yangtze River's treaty ports. The Yangtze Patrol also patrolled the coastal waters of China where they protected U.S. citizens, their property, and Christian missionaries.
USS Panay, a United States Navy river gunboat, of the "Yangtze Patrol" commissioned in 1928, as she sinks on the Yangtze River near Nanking, China in December 1937, after being attacked by Japanese aircraft.
1850s–1890s, U.S. Navy sailor, with personal sidearms and a black, fatigue uniform. This was standard issue for China sailors of the early Yangtze Patrol and nicknamed "tars"
U.S. Navy sailors, on board an 1864 river gunboat
USS Ashuelot, a steam-powered, U.S. Navy river gunboat, on the Yangtze Patrol, in service, for one year, in 1874, to protect American interests, in Shanghai, China, and as an exploring expedition, along the upper Yangtze River, photograph, circa 1874