1.
The Prodigy
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The Prodigy are an English electronic music group from Braintree, formed by Liam Howlett in 1990. The members were originally Liam Howlett, Keith Flint, Maxim, Leeroy Thornhill, along with The Chemical Brothers, Fatboy Slim, and others, The Prodigy are credited as pioneers of the big beat genre, which achieved mainstream popularity in the 1990s and 2000s. They have sold over 30 million records worldwide, and won music awards during their career. Awards, five MTV Europe Music Awards, and two Grammy Awards nominations, the groups genre of music uses various styles ranging from rave, hardcore techno, electro-industrial, jungle and breakbeat and big beat, adding punk vocal elements in later times. The Prodigy first emerged in the rave scene in the early 1990s and have since achieved popularity. They earned titles like the dance act for the alternative masses and the Godfathers of Rave. Liam Howlett created an initial 10-track demo, put together on a Roland W-30 music workstation in Essex, England. XL Recordings picked up the demo after Howlett played several tracks to XL boss Nick Halkes in a meeting, the Prodigys name was chosen by Liam as a tribute to his first analogue synthesiser, the Moog Prodigy. The Prodigys first public performance, with Howlett augmented by dancers Keith Flint and Leeroy Thornhill, was at the Four Aces in Dalston, London, Charly, released six months later, became a huge hit in the rave scene at the time. The release reached number 3 in the UK Singles Chart, catapulting the band into the public attention. The Kaos Theory compilation series featured G Force, from their third single, critical reception to the single was generally mixed. The bands first full-length album, the critically acclaimed Experience, followed Charly as a release in the history of British rave music. The album closes with a version of Death of the Prodigy Dancers. There were five singles spawned from the album, Charly, Everybody in the Place, Fire/Jericho, Out of Space, and Wind It Up, the album was a commercial success in the UK, but failed to chart in other countries. Peaking at number 12, it was certified Platinum by the British Phonographic Industry, after Experience and the run of singles that accompanied it, the Prodigy moved to distance themselves from the kiddie rave reputation that now dogged them. The rave scene was beginning to move on from its phase, with the Criminal Justice Acts anti-rave legislation on the horizon. The Prodigy responded to the bill by writing Their Law, in 1993, Howlett released an anonymous white label, bearing only the title Earthbound I. Its hypnotic, hard-edged sound won wide underground approval and it was officially released as One Love later that year, and went on to chart at number 8 in the UK
2.
Alternative rock
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Alternative rock is a genre of rock music that emerged from the independent music underground of the 1980s and became widely popular in the 1990s and 2000s. In this instance, the word refers to the genres distinction from mainstream rock music. The terms original meaning was broader, referring to a generation of musicians unified by their debt to either the musical style or simply the independent. Ethos of punk rock, which in the late 1970s laid the groundwork for alternative music, Alternative rock is a broad umbrella term consisting of music that differs greatly in terms of its sound, its social context, and its regional roots. Most of these subgenres had achieved minor mainstream notice and a few bands representing them, such as Hüsker Dü, with the breakthrough of Nirvana and the popularity of the grunge and Britpop movements in the 1990s, alternative rock entered the musical mainstream and many alternative bands became successful. By the end of the decade, alternative rocks mainstream prominence declined due to a number of events that caused grunge and Britpop to fade, emo attracted attention in the larger alternative rock world, and the term was applied to a variety of artists, including multi-platinum acts. Post-punk revival artists such as Modest Mouse and The Killers had commercial success in the early, before the term alternative rock came into common usage around 1990, the sort of music to which it refers was known by a variety of terms. In 1979, Terry Tolkin used the term Alternative Music to describe the groups he was writing about, in 1979 Dallas radio station KZEW had a late night new wave show entitled Rock and Roll Alternative. College rock was used in the United States to describe the music during the 1980s due to its links to the radio circuit. In the United Kingdom, dozens of small do it yourself record labels emerged as a result of the punk subculture, according to the founder of one of these labels, Cherry Red, NME and Sounds magazines published charts based on small record stores called Alternative Charts. The first national chart based on distribution called the Indie Chart was published in January 1980, at the time, the term indie was used literally to describe independently distributed records. By 1985, indie had come to mean a particular genre, or group of subgenres, at first the term referred to intentionally non–mainstream rock acts that were not influenced by heavy metal ballads, rarefied new wave and high-energy dance anthems. The use of alternative gained further exposure due to the success of Lollapalooza, for which festival founder, in the late 1990s, the definition again became more specific. Defining music as alternative is often difficult because of two conflicting applications of the word, the name alternative rock essentially serves as an umbrella term for underground music that has emerged in the wake of punk rock since the mid-1980s. Alternative bands during the 1980s generally played in clubs, recorded for indie labels. Sounds range from the gloomy soundscapes of gothic rock to the guitars of indie pop to the dirty guitars of grunge to the 1960s/1970s revivalism of Britpop. This approach to lyrics developed as a reflection of the social and economic strains in the United States and United Kingdom of the 1980s, by 1984, a majority of groups signed to independent record labels mined from a variety of rock and particularly 1960s rock influences. This represented a break from the futuristic, hyper-rational post-punk years
3.
Heavy metal music
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Heavy metal is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom and the United States. Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are associated with aggression. The first heavy metal such as Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath. During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the evolution by discarding much of its blues influence, Motörhead introduced a punk rock sensibility. Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden, before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as metalheads or headbangers. During the 1980s, glam metal became popular with such as Mötley Crüe. Since the mid-1990s popular styles have further expanded the definition of the genre and these include groove metal and nu metal, the latter of which often incorporates elements of grunge and hip hop. Heavy metal is characterized by loud distorted guitars, emphatic rhythms, dense bass-and-drum sound. Metal subgenres variously emphasize, alter, or omit one or more of these attributes, the typical band lineup includes a drummer, a bassist, a rhythm guitarist, a lead guitarist, and a singer, who may or may not be an instrumentalist. Keyboard instruments are used to enhance the fullness of the sound. Deep Purples Jon Lord played an overdriven Hammond organ, in 1970, John Paul Jones used a Moog synthesizer on Led Zeppelin III, by the 1990s, in. almost every subgenre of heavy metal synthesizers were used. The electric guitar and the power that it projects through amplification has historically been the key element in heavy metal. The heavy metal guitar sound comes from a use of high volumes. Guitar solos are an element of the heavy metal code. That underscores the significance of the guitar to the genre, most heavy metal songs featur at least one guitar solo, which is a primary means through which the heavy metal performer expresses virtuosity. One exception is nu metal bands, which tend to omit guitar solos, with rhythm guitar parts, the heavy crunch sound in heavy metal. Palm muting the strings with the hand and using distortion. Palm muting creates a tighter, more sound and it emphasizes the low end
4.
Punk rock
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Punk rock is a rock music genre that developed in the early to mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. Rooted in 1960s garage rock and other forms of what is now known as proto-punk music, Punk bands typically produced short or fast-paced songs, with hard-edged melodies and singing styles, stripped-down instrumentation, and often political, anti-establishment lyrics. Punk embraces a DIY ethic, many bands self-produce recordings and distribute them through informal channels, the term punk was first used in relation to rock music by some American critics in the early 1970s, to describe garage bands and their devotees. The following year saw punk rock spreading around the world, for the most part, punk took root in local scenes that tended to reject association with the mainstream. An associated punk subculture emerged, expressing youthful rebellion and characterized by distinctive styles of clothing and adornment, by the beginning of the 1980s, faster, more aggressive styles such as hardcore and street punk had become the predominant mode of punk rock. Musicians identifying with or inspired by punk also pursued a range of other variations, giving rise to post-punk. At the end of the 20th century, punk rock had been adopted by the mainstream, as pop punk and punk bands such as Green Day. The first wave of rock was aggressively modern, distancing itself from the bombast. According to Ramones drummer Tommy Ramone, In its initial form, unfortunately, what happens is that people who could not hold a candle to the likes of Hendrix started noodling away. Soon you had endless solos that went nowhere, by 1973, I knew that what was needed was some pure, stripped down, no bullshit rock n roll. In critic Robert Christgaus description, It was also a subculture that rejected the political idealism. Technical accessibility and a DIY spirit are prized in punk rock, in the early days of punk rock, this ethic stood in marked contrast to what those in the scene regarded as the ostentatious musical effects and technological demands of many mainstream rock bands. Musical virtuosity was often looked on with suspicion, according to Holmstrom, punk rock was rock and roll by people who didnt have very many skills as musicians but still felt the need to express themselves through music. In December 1976, the English fanzine Sideburns published an illustration of three chords, captioned This is a chord, this is another, this is a third. The title of a 1980 single by the New York punk band Stimulators, inscribed a catchphrase for punks basic musical approach. The previous year, when the rock revolution began in Great Britain, was to be both a musical and a cultural Year Zero. As a Clash associate describes singer Joe Strummers outlook, Punk rock is meant to be our freedom, were meant to be able to do what we want to do. Scholar Daniel S. Traber argues that attaining authenticity in the identity can be difficult, as the punk scene matured, he observes
5.
Electronic music
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In general, a distinction can be made between sound produced using electromechanical means and that produced using electronic technology. Examples of electromechanical sound producing devices include the telharmonium, Hammond organ, purely electronic sound production can be achieved using devices such as the theremin, sound synthesizer, and computer. During the 1920s and 1930s, electronic instruments were introduced and the first compositions for instruments were composed. Musique concrète, created in Paris in 1948, was based on editing together recorded fragments of natural and industrial sounds, Music produced solely from electronic generators was first produced in Germany in 1953. Electronic music was created in Japan and the United States beginning in the 1950s. An important new development was the advent of computers for the purpose of composing music, algorithmic composition was first demonstrated in Australia in 1951. In America and Europe, live electronics were pioneered in the early 1960s, during the 1970s to early 1980s, the monophonic Minimoog became once the most widely used synthesizer at that time in both popular and electronic art music. In the 1980s, electronic music became dominant in popular music, with a greater reliance on synthesizers, and the adoption of programmable drum machines. Electronically produced music became prevalent in the domain by the 1990s. Contemporary electronic music includes many varieties and ranges from art music to popular forms such as electronic dance music. Today, pop music is most recognizable in its 4/4 form. At the turn of the 20th century, experimentation with emerging electronics led to the first electronic musical instruments and these initial inventions were not sold, but were instead used in demonstrations and public performances. The audiences were presented with reproductions of existing music instead of new compositions for the instruments, while some were considered novelties and produced simple tones, the Telharmonium accurately synthesized the sound of orchestral instruments. It achieved viable public interest and made progress into streaming music through telephone networks. Critics of musical conventions at the time saw promise in these developments, ferruccio Busoni encouraged the composition of microtonal music allowed for by electronic instruments. He predicted the use of machines in future music, writing the influential Sketch of a New Esthetic of Music, futurists such as Francesco Balilla Pratella and Luigi Russolo began composing music with acoustic noise to evoke the sound of machinery. They predicted expansions in timbre allowed for by electronics in the influential manifesto The Art of Noises, developments of the vacuum tube led to electronic instruments that were smaller, amplified, and more practical for performance. In particular, the theremin, ondes Martenot and trautonium were commercially produced by the early 1930s, from the late 1920s, the increased practicality of electronic instruments influenced composers such as Joseph Schillinger to adopt them
6.
Nazi party rally grounds
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The Nazi party rally grounds covered about 11 square kilometres in the southeast of Nuremberg, Germany. Six Nazi party rallies were held there between 1933 and 1938, only Zeppelinfeld, Luitpoldarena and Große Straße were finished. The Kongresshalle, Zeppelinfeld and the Große Straße have been under monument protection since 1973 as significant examples of NS architecture, the grounds were all designed by Hitlers architect Albert Speer, except for the Congress Hall, which was designed by Ludwig and Franz Ruff. Today the whole site is a memorial, and parts are used as the Norisring motor racing track, on 30 August 1933 Hitler declared Nuremberg the City of the Reichsparteitage. The Party Congresses were a self-portrayal of the NS-state and had no programmatic task, in a propagandistic way a relation was to be drawn between the NS movement and the glory of the medieval emperors and the meetings of the Imperial States which were held in Nuremberg. Party Congresses of the NSDAP from 1923 to 1938 Since 1906 a park named Luitpoldhain existed here, during the Weimar Republic the Ehrenhalle was built in the park. In 1933 Hitler replaced the park with a strictly-structured deployment area, during the party rallies, deployments of the SA and the SS with up to 150,000 people took place in this area. The central relic here was the Blutfahne, which was carried by the Beer Hall Putsch rebels and was soaked with the blood of one of them. At the Blutfahnenweihe, new Standarten of SA- and SS-units were consecrated by touching their guidons with the Blutfahne, after 1945 the city of Nuremberg redesigned the area into a park again. All buildings from the NS era were demolished, only the half-round of the terraces of the main grandstand is recognizable. The Ehrenhalle was built by the city of Nuremberg according to a plan of German architect Fritz Mayer and it was inaugurated in 1930, before the Hitler era during the Weimar Republic. It is a hall with an adjacent cobbled stone terrace with two rows of pedestals for fire bowls. All fourteen pylons remain virtually intact and have not been ignited since the final Nazi party rally in September 1938, originally the hall was to be a memorial site for the 9,855 soldiers from Nuremberg who were fallen in World War I. During the Party Congress of 1929 the then unfinished Hall of Honour was used for the enactment of a cult of the dead by the National Socialists the first time. During the Third Reich the Nazis used the site primarily as a commemoration for the soldiers of World War I. The ritual was the climax of the celebration, opposite the Ehrenhalle the crescent-shaped Ehrentribüne or main grandstand which measured 150 m long with 6 m gold eagles on each end was built. This structure, built by architect Albert Speer, could seat 500 dignitaries, the Ehrenhalle and the Ehrentribüne were connected by a wide granite path. The Ehrentribüne was blown up in 1959/60, the Luitpold Hall had an outline of 180 m ×50 m featured 76 loudspeakers,42 spotlights, the largest pipe organ in Germany and could seat 16,000 people
7.
Nuremberg
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Nuremberg is a city on the river Pegnitz and the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal in the German state of Bavaria, in the administrative region of Middle Franconia, about 170 kilometres north of Munich. It is the second-largest city in Bavaria, and the largest in Franconia, the population as of February 2015, is 517,498, which makes it Germanys fourteenth-largest city. The urban area also includes Fürth, Erlangen and Schwabach with a population of 763,854. The European Metropolitan Area Nuremberg has ca.3.5 million inhabitants, Nuremberg was, according to the first documentary mention of the city in 1050, the location of an Imperial castle between the East Franks and the Bavarian March of the Nordgau. From 1050 to 1571, the city expanded and rose dramatically in importance due to its location on key trade routes, Nuremberg is often referred to as having been the unofficial capital of the Holy Roman Empire, particularly because Imperial Diet and courts met at Nuremberg Castle. The Diets of Nuremberg were an important part of the structure of the empire. The increasing demand of the court and the increasing importance of the city attracted increased trade. Nuremberg soon became, with Augsburg, one of the two great trade centers on the route from Italy to Northern Europe. In 1298, the Jews of the town were accused of having desecrated the host, behind the massacre of 1298 was also the desire to combine the northern and southern parts of the city, which were divided by the Pegnitz. The Jews of the German lands suffered many massacres during the plague years, in 1349, Nurembergs Jews were subjected to a pogrom. They were burned at the stake or expelled, and a marketplace was built over the former Jewish quarter, the plague returned to the city in 1405,1435,1437,1482,1494,1520 and 1534. Charles was the patron of the Frauenkirche, built between 1352 and 1362, where the Imperial court worshipped during its stays in Nuremberg. Charles IV conferred upon the city the right to conclude alliances independently, frequent fights took place with the burgraves without, however, inflicting lasting damage upon the city. Through these and other acquisitions the city accumulated considerable territory, the Hussite Wars, recurrence of the Black Death in 1437, and the First Margrave War led to a severe fall in population in the mid-15th century. During the Middle Ages, Nurembergs literary culture was rich, varied, the cultural flowering of Nuremberg, in the 15th and 16th centuries, made it the centre of the German Renaissance. In 1525, Nuremberg accepted the Protestant Reformation, and in 1532, during the 1552 revolution against Charles V, Nuremberg tried to purchase its neutrality, but the city was attacked without a declaration of war and was forced into a disadvantageous peace. The state of affairs in the early 16th century, increased trade routes elsewhere, frequent quartering of Imperial, Swedish and League soldiers, the financial costs of the war and the cessation of trade caused irreparable damage to the city and a near-halving of the population. In 1632, the city, occupied by the forces of Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, was besieged by the army of Imperial general Albrecht von Wallenstein, the city declined after the war and recovered its importance only in the 19th century, when it grew as an industrial centre
8.
German language
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German is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe. It is the most widely spoken and official language in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, South Tyrol, the German-speaking Community of Belgium and it is also one of the three official languages of Luxembourg. Major languages which are most similar to German include other members of the West Germanic language branch, such as Afrikaans, Dutch, English, Luxembourgish and it is the second most widely spoken Germanic language, after English. One of the languages of the world, German is the first language of about 95 million people worldwide. The German speaking countries are ranked fifth in terms of publication of new books. German derives most of its vocabulary from the Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family, a portion of German words are derived from Latin and Greek, and fewer are borrowed from French and English. With slightly different standardized variants, German is a pluricentric language, like English, German is also notable for its broad spectrum of dialects, with many unique varieties existing in Europe and also other parts of the world. The history of the German language begins with the High German consonant shift during the migration period, when Martin Luther translated the Bible, he based his translation primarily on the standard bureaucratic language used in Saxony, also known as Meißner Deutsch. Copies of Luthers Bible featured a long list of glosses for each region that translated words which were unknown in the region into the regional dialect. Roman Catholics initially rejected Luthers translation, and tried to create their own Catholic standard of the German language – the difference in relation to Protestant German was minimal. It was not until the middle of the 18th century that a widely accepted standard was created, until about 1800, standard German was mainly a written language, in urban northern Germany, the local Low German dialects were spoken. Standard German, which was different, was often learned as a foreign language with uncertain pronunciation. Northern German pronunciation was considered the standard in prescriptive pronunciation guides though, however, German was the language of commerce and government in the Habsburg Empire, which encompassed a large area of Central and Eastern Europe. Until the mid-19th century, it was essentially the language of townspeople throughout most of the Empire and its use indicated that the speaker was a merchant or someone from an urban area, regardless of nationality. Some cities, such as Prague and Budapest, were gradually Germanized in the years after their incorporation into the Habsburg domain, others, such as Pozsony, were originally settled during the Habsburg period, and were primarily German at that time. Prague, Budapest and Bratislava as well as cities like Zagreb, the most comprehensive guide to the vocabulary of the German language is found within the Deutsches Wörterbuch. This dictionary was created by the Brothers Grimm and is composed of 16 parts which were issued between 1852 and 1860, in 1872, grammatical and orthographic rules first appeared in the Duden Handbook. In 1901, the 2nd Orthographical Conference ended with a standardization of the German language in its written form
9.
Rock music
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It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of genres such as electric blues and folk. Musically, rock has centered on the guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass guitar. Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse-chorus form, like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political in emphasis. Punk was an influence into the 1980s on the subsequent development of subgenres, including new wave, post-punk. From the 1990s alternative rock began to rock music and break through into the mainstream in the form of grunge, Britpop. Similarly, 1970s punk culture spawned the visually distinctive goth and emo subcultures and this trio of instruments has often been complemented by the inclusion of other instruments, particularly keyboards such as the piano, Hammond organ and synthesizers. The basic rock instrumentation was adapted from the blues band instrumentation. A group of musicians performing rock music is termed a rock band or rock group, Rock music is traditionally built on a foundation of simple unsyncopated rhythms in a 4/4 meter, with a repetitive snare drum back beat on beats two and four. Melodies are often derived from older musical modes, including the Dorian and Mixolydian, harmonies range from the common triad to parallel fourths and fifths and dissonant harmonic progressions. Critics have stressed the eclecticism and stylistic diversity of rock, because of its complex history and tendency to borrow from other musical and cultural forms, it has been argued that it is impossible to bind rock music to a rigidly delineated musical definition. These themes were inherited from a variety of sources, including the Tin Pan Alley pop tradition, folk music and rhythm, as a result, it has been seen as articulating the concerns of this group in both style and lyrics. Christgau, writing in 1972, said in spite of some exceptions, rock and roll usually implies an identification of male sexuality, according to Simon Frith rock was something more than pop, something more than rock and roll. Rock musicians combined an emphasis on skill and technique with the concept of art as artistic expression, original. The foundations of music are in rock and roll, which originated in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its immediate origins lay in a melding of various musical genres of the time, including rhythm and blues and gospel music, with country. In 1951, Cleveland, Ohio disc jockey Alan Freed began playing rhythm and blues music for a multi-racial audience, debate surrounds which record should be considered the first rock and roll record. Other artists with rock and roll hits included Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley, Fats Domino, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis
10.
Cro (singer)
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Carlo Waibel, better known by his stage name Cro, is a German rapper, singer, producer and designer, who is represented by Chimperator Productions. He describes his music as a mixture between pop and rap, which he calls Raop, born Carlo Waibel on January 31,1990, he attended the Realschule on the Galgenberg in Aalen, Germany, and later Johannes-Gutenberg-Schule, a vocational school in Stuttgart, Germany. He began recording music at the age of 13 and he learned to play the piano and the guitar. In 2009, he released his first mixtape Trash, on February 11,2011, his second mixtape Meine Musik was released. It was available for free download, Cro produced the entire mixtape by himself. Through the mixtape German hip-hop musician Kaas took notice of Cro, besides his musical career, Cro is also active as a designer. Since 2010, he has been designing under his clothing label Vio Vio, after receiving his Mittlere Reife, he completed an apprenticeship as a media designer and worked for the Stuttgarter Zeitung as a cartoonist. Through Kaas, Cro met Sebastian Andrej Schweizer, founder of the independent-label, Chimperator Productions, at the end of September 2011, a Making of video for a new artist was published by the label leading to speculations about which artist had been actually signed. In October 2011, Schweizer announced that he had signed Cro, in November 2011, the music video for Easy, which had been directed by Harris Hodovic and was announcing the upcoming mixtape, was released on tape. tv. A few days later, the video was released on YouTube, in the beginning of 2012, it had gained 12,000,000 views, mid-May, the views had risen to a number of more than 44,000,000. The American blog hypetrak. com also reported about the video, German hip hop and funk musician Jan Delay posted the video on his Facebook page and said, Cro was the future of German rap. Besides Easy, Hi Kids and Kein Benz were also released prior to the release of the mixtape. On December 1,2011, Cro was a guest on the show NeoParadise by the channel ZDFneo, one day later, Chimperator Productions released the mixtape Easy which is available for free download on their website. In the beginning of 2012, Cro signed a contract with Universal Music Publishing Group. On January 27,2012, Cro embarked on a tour named Pandas Gone Wild. on which he was accompanied by Psaiko. Dino. In mid February 2012, the video for Easy gained 1,000,000 views on YouTube. In mid May the number of the rose to 3,000,000. On March 23,2012, the song Easy was released as a single, besides the Standard version, the Limited Edition version included the songs Hi Kids, Lieblingssong, as well as Konfetti, a collaboration with Ahzumjot and Rockstah
11.
Vienna
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Vienna is the capital and largest city of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austrias primary city, with a population of about 1.8 million, and its cultural, economic and it is the 7th-largest city by population within city limits in the European Union. Today, it has the second largest number of German speakers after Berlin, Vienna is host to many major international organizations, including the United Nations and OPEC. The city is located in the part of Austria and is close to the borders of the Czech Republic, Slovakia. These regions work together in a European Centrope border region, along with nearby Bratislava, Vienna forms a metropolitan region with 3 million inhabitants. In 2001, the city centre was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site, apart from being regarded as the City of Music because of its musical legacy, Vienna is also said to be The City of Dreams because it was home to the worlds first psycho-analyst – Sigmund Freud. The citys roots lie in early Celtic and Roman settlements that transformed into a Medieval and Baroque city and it is well known for having played an essential role as a leading European music centre, from the great age of Viennese Classicism through the early part of the 20th century. The historic centre of Vienna is rich in architectural ensembles, including Baroque castles and gardens, Vienna is known for its high quality of life. In a 2005 study of 127 world cities, the Economist Intelligence Unit ranked the city first for the worlds most liveable cities, between 2011 and 2015, Vienna was ranked second, behind Melbourne, Australia. Monocles 2015 Quality of Life Survey ranked Vienna second on a list of the top 25 cities in the world to make a base within, the UN-Habitat has classified Vienna as being the most prosperous city in the world in 2012/2013. Vienna regularly hosts urban planning conferences and is used as a case study by urban planners. Between 2005 and 2010, Vienna was the worlds number-one destination for international congresses and it attracts over 3.7 million tourists a year. The English name Vienna is borrowed from the homonymous Italian version of the name or the French Vienne. The etymology of the name is still subject to scholarly dispute. Some claim that the name comes from Vedunia, meaning forest stream, which produced the Old High German Uuenia. A variant of this Celtic name could be preserved in the Czech and Slovak names of the city, the name of the city in Hungarian, Serbo-Croatian and Ottoman Turkish has a different, probably Slavonic origin, and originally referred to an Avar fort in the area. Slovene-speakers call the city Dunaj, which in other Central European Slavic languages means the Danube River, evidence has been found of continuous habitation since 500 BC, when the site of Vienna on the Danube River was settled by the Celts. In 15 BC, the Romans fortified the city they called Vindobona to guard the empire against Germanic tribes to the north
12.
Munich-Riem Airport
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Munich-Riem Airport was the international airport of Munich, the third-largest city of Germany. It was closed down on 16 May 1992, the day before the new Munich Airport commenced operations and it was located near the old village of Riem in the borough of Trudering-Riem in the east of Munich. The area has been redeveloped into Messestadt Riem, a new borough consisting of housing projects, a mall, recreation areas. The first plane landed on 25 October 1939, signalling the beginning of air traffic, at this time it was one of the most modern airports in the world. It replaced the airfield at Oberwiesenfeld, in World War II it was home to Adolf Gallands legendary Jagdverband 44. It was almost completely destroyed by bombings on 9 April 1945, until that day, civilian air traffic had also been handled in Riem. George Raffeld of the United States Rainbow Division was the first of the forces to arrive at the airport. He reported to his officers that the airport had been abandoned by the Germans. After the war Munich-Riem was the first airport in Germany to be used for civil aviation, post-war operations started on 6 April 1948 with the landing of a DC-3 operated by Pan American World Airways. On 12 October 1949 the Flughafen München-Riem GmbH was founded, Wulf-Dieter Graf zu Castell became one of its managing directors. The airports runway was lengthened to 1,900 metres in November 1949, on 6 February 1958 an Airspeed AS57 Ambassador charter plane crashed soon after take-off. The accident cost the lives of 23 people including eight players from Manchester United. The British pilot, James Thain, was blamed for the disaster after investigators claimed that ice on the wings had caused the take-off attempt to end in tragic failure. The cause of the crash was established as slush on the runway. On 29 October 1958, the first jet aircraft, a Sud Aviation Caravelle operated by Air France, in 1962 more than one million passengers had passed through the airport. As early as 1963 the Öchsle Commission initiated a search for a new location as it was obvious that further extension would not be legally or politically possible. Constructing additional runways parallel or perpendicular to the one would require relocating a number of nearby communities. A number of accidents further encouraged the decision to build a new airport away from the city
13.
Olympiastadion (Munich)
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The Olympiastadion München is a stadium located in Munich, Germany. Situated at the heart of the Olympiapark München in northern Munich, with an original capacity of 80,000, the stadium also hosted many major football matches including the 1974 World Cup Final and the Euro 88 Final. It hosted the European Cup Finals of 1979,1993 and 1997, until the construction of the Allianz Arena for the 2006 World Cup, the stadium was home to Bayern Munich and TSV1860 Munich. This included large sweeping canopies of acrylic glass stabilized by steel cables that were used for the first time on a large scale, the idea was to imitate the Alps and to set a counterpart to the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, held during the Nazi regime. The sweeping and transparent canopy was to symbolize the new, democratic and optimistic Germany and this is reflected in the official motto, The cheerful Games. The stadium was built by Bilfinger Berger between 1968 and 1972 in a pit made by bombings Munich suffered during World War II, following the Olympics, the stadium became the home of FC Bayern Munich. In 1979 the ground played host to the 1979 European Cup Final in which Nottingham Forest won the first of their consecutive European Cups under Brian Clough, in the 1990s Bayern Munichs rivals TSV1860 Munich moved into the stadium. The two teams coexisted in the Olympiastadion until 2005, when both moved to the purpose built Allianz Arena. Borussia Dortmund won the 1997 UEFA Champions League Final at the Olympiastadion, since 2005, it is the host of the yearly air and style snowboard event. On 31 December 2006, the stadium made history as being the first venue to host the Tour de Ski cross-country skiing competition, the individual sprint events, held at 1100 m, were won by Norways Marit Bjørgen and Switzerlands Christoph Eigenmann. The snow was made in the stadium by combining the hot air with the cold refrigerated water that causes the snow to act like the icy type you would see in the Alps. It went unused in the 2006 FIFA World Cup due to the Allianz Arena being the host stadium in Munich, on 23 to 24 June 2007, the stadium played host to the Spar European Cup 2007, a yearly athletics event featuring the top 8 countries from around Europe. The DTM touring car series held its first stadium event there in 2011, edoardo Mortara won the first day, and Bruno Spengler the second. The event was repeated in 2012, but the stadium withdrew in 2013 because it proved impossible to turn it into a points-scoring event, on 17 May 2012, the ground played host to the 2012 UEFA Womens Champions League Final in which Olympique Lyonnais won their second consecutive trophy. The attendance of that game was a record for a UEFA Womens Champions League Final, on 19 May 2012 it hosted the Public Viewing of the 2012 UEFA Champions League Final which took place at Allianz Arena in Munich. The stadium was one of the venues for the 1974 FIFA World Cup, the following games were played at the stadium during the World Cup of 1974, The stadium was one of the venues for the UEFA Euro 1988. Michael Jackson performed at the five times, all sold out with maximum capacity of the stadium for musical acts. The first concert was on 8 July 1988 during his Bad concerts, the second sell out concert, on 27 June 1992 kicked off his Dangerous World Tour, to 75,000 fans
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Max-Morlock-Stadion
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The Stadion Nürnberg is a stadium in Nuremberg, Germany, which was opened in 1928. It is located next to Zeppelinfeld and it also neighbors the Nuremberg Arena. Since 1966, it has been home stadium to the German Bundesliga club 1, during the 1972 Summer Olympics, it hosted six football matches. In 1967, it hosted the European Cup Winners Cup final between Rangers and Bayern Munich, originally it was known as the Städtisches Stadion until 1945, when it was renamed to Victory-Stadium. In 1961, it returned to its name until 1991. On 14 March 2006, the stadium was renamed easyCredit-Stadion for a period of five years, on 14 February 2013, the stadium was renamed to Grundig-Stadion, after a sponsorship deal with Grundig. In July 2016, the stadium arrived to its current name after the city of Nuremberg could not find a new sponsor. The stadium hosted five games of the 2006 FIFA World Cup, the available facilities at the stadium include two changing rooms for players, changing rooms for coaches, referees. Also physician and treatment rooms are available, a 300 m² press area, an area for press conferences, and three TV studios make the Stadion Nürnberg a truly modern stadium. 1200 m² makes up the VIP area with room for 800 guests, to compensate for the large amount of seats there are 15,000 parking spaces with 205 for VIPs. The stadium also has track and field facilities that follow international regulation, a full sprinkler system, that feeds the grass with rain water. The pitch is heated, and lit with a floodlight system. There are two 60 m² video walls that provide video to the fans, there is also a full power back up system, powered by diesel generators. Beginning in 1933, the National Socialists began to use the stadium as an area for the Hitler Youth. The fourth Deutsche Kampfspiele, one of the biggest events organized by the Nazi Sports Body, following 1963, the stadium was reconditioned multiple times, so that it could meet the requirements for football in the Bundesliga. The Stadion Nürnberg has been renovated two times, once in 1988 to 1991, and then again renovation began again in 2002, to be ready in time for the 2006 World Cup. The 2002 renovation cost €56.2 million, the cost is split between the city of Nürnberg, the State of Bavaria and the society, which managed the stadium. The stadium has had its capacity increased to 48,548 and this modernisation was designed and realized by HPP Architects
15.
2006 FIFA World Cup
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The 2006 FIFA World Cup was the 18th FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international football world championship tournament. It was held from 9 June to 9 July 2006 in Germany, teams representing 198 national football associations from all six populated continents participated in the qualification process which began in September 2003. Thirty-one teams qualified from this process, along with the host nation, Germany and it was the second time that Germany staged the competition, and the tenth time that it was held in Europe. Italy won the tournament, claiming their fourth World Cup title and they defeated France 5–3 in a penalty shootout in the final, after extra time had finished in a 1–1 draw. Germany defeated Portugal 3–1 to finish in third place, Angola, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Serbia and Montenegro, Trinidad and Tobago, and Togo made their first appearances in the finals. The 2006 World Cup stands as one of the most watched events in history, garnering an estimated 26.29 billion non-unique viewers. The final attracted an audience of 715.1 million people. The 2006 World Cup ranks fourth in non-unique viewers, behind the World Cup in 1994,2002, as the winner, Italy represented the World in the 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup. The vote to choose the hosts of the 2006 tournament was held in July 2000 in Zürich and it involved four bidding nations after Brazil had withdrawn three days earlier, Germany, South Africa, England and Morocco. Three rounds of voting were required, each round eliminating the nation with the least votes, the first two rounds were held on 6 July 2000, and the final round was held on 7 July 2000, which Germany won over South Africa. Accusations of bribery and corruption have marred the success of Germanys bid from the very beginning, on the very day of the vote, a hoax bribery affair was made public, leading to calls for a re-vote. Oceania delegate Charlie Dempsey, who had initially backed England, had then been instructed to support South Africa following Englands elimination and he abstained, citing intolerable pressure on the eve of the vote. Just a week before the vote, the German government under Chancellor Gerhard Schröder lifted their arms embargo on Saudi Arabia, daimlerChrysler invested several hundred million Euro in Hyundai, while one of the sons of the companys founders was a member of FIFAs executive committee. Both Volkswagen and Bayer announced investments in Thailand and South Korea, whose respective delegates Worawi Makudi, the sum of 6.7 million Euro was later demanded back by Dreyfus. In order to retrieve the money, the Organizing Committee paid an aquivalent sum to the FIFA, allegedly as a German share for the cost of a closing ceremony, the DFB announced they would consider seeking legal action against Der Spiegel. During a press conference on 22 October 2015, Nierbach repeated his stance, according to Niersbach, the payment had been agreed upon during a meeting between Franz Beckenbauer and FIFA president Blatter, with the money being provided by Dreyfus. On the same day, FIFA contradicted Niersbachs statement, saying, By our current state of knowledge, the following day, former DFB president Theo Zwanziger publicly accused Niersbach of lying, saying, It is evident that there was a slush fund for the German World Cup application. According to Zwanziger, the 6.7 million Euros went to Mohamed Bin Hammam, on 22 March 2016 it was announced that the FIFA Ethics Committee was opening proceedings into the bid
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Ernst-Happel-Stadion
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The Ernst Happel Stadium in Leopoldstadt, the 2nd district of Austrias capital Vienna, is the largest stadium in Austria. It was built between 1929 and 1931 for the second Workers Olympiad to the design of German architect Otto Ernst Schweizer, the stadium was renamed in honour of Ernst Happel following his death in 1992. The stadium was host to seven games in UEFA Euro 2008, the stadium is owned by the City of Vienna. It is managed by the Wiener Stadthalle Betriebs und Veranstaltungsgesellschaft m. b. H, the foundation stone was made in November 1928 to the 10-year celebration of the still young Republic of Austria. The stadium was constructed in 23 months from 1929 to 1931 after the plans of the Tübingen architect Otto Ernst Schweizer, Schweizer also built the adjacent Stadionbad. According to its location in Viennas Prater said the plant initially Prater Stadium and it was at the time a modern stadium in Europe, particularly because of its short discharge time of only 7 to 8 minutes. Initially the stadium had a capacity of approximately 60,000 people, after its inauguration took place here in addition to sporting events is always political spectacle instead. Between September 11 and 13,1939, after the attack on Poland and they were in the corridors of Section B imprisoned beneath the grandstands. At 440 detainees were from the Natural History Museum in Vienna between September 25 t and 30 racial investigation, on September 30,1,038 prisoners in concentration camp Buchenwald camps. On the next day, it was back to being used as a football stadium,44 men were released in early 1940,26 were freed in 1945, the rest were murdered in the camps. In 1988, one of the victims, Fritz Klein. In the VIP area is reminiscent of 2003 to an initiative created a memorial plaque to the incidents. In 1944, the stadium was damaged in the bomb attacks on the planning of the Wehrmarcht. After the war and the reconstruction of the stadium, it was sporting its original use. In 1956, the capacity was expanded to 92,708 people by Theodor Schull. The attendance record was 91,000 spectators set on October 30,1960 at the match between Spain and Austria. In the mid-1980s, the stands were covered and fully equipped with seats, at its reopening a friendly match against archrivals Germany was organised. After the death of former Austrian top player and coach Ernst Happel, in 1964,1987,1990, and 1995, the Ernst Happel Stadium was the venue of the European Cup/UEFA Champions League final
17.
Munich
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Munich is the capital and largest city of the German state of Bavaria, on the banks of River Isar north of the Bavarian Alps. Munich is the third largest city in Germany, after Berlin and Hamburg, the Munich Metropolitan Region is home to 5.8 million people. According to the Globalization and World Rankings Research Institute Munich is considered an alpha-world city, the name of the city is derived from the Old/Middle High German term Munichen, meaning by the monks. It derives from the monks of the Benedictine order who ran a monastery at the place that was later to become the Old Town of Munich, Munich was first mentioned in 1158. From 1255 the city was seat of the Bavarian Dukes, black and gold—the colours of the Holy Roman Empire—have been the citys official colours since the time of Ludwig the Bavarian, when it was an imperial residence. Following a final reunification of the Wittelsbachian Duchy of Bavaria, previously divided and sub-divided for more than 200 years, like wide parts of the Holy Roman Empire, the area recovered slowly economically. In 1918, during the German Revolution, the house of Wittelsbach, which governed Bavaria since 1180, was forced to abdicate in Munich. In the 1920s, Munich became home to political factions, among them the NSDAP. During World War II, Munich was heavily bombed and more than 50% of the entire city, the postwar period was characterised by American occupation until 1949 and a strong increase of population and economic power during the years of the Wirtschaftswunder after 1949. The city is home to corporations like BMW, Siemens, MAN, Linde, Allianz and MunichRE as well as many small. Munich is home to national and international authorities, major universities, major museums. Its numerous architectural attractions, international events, exhibitions and conferences. Munich is one of the most prosperous and fastest growing cities in Germany and it is a top-ranked destination for migration and expatriate location, despite being the municipality with the highest density of population in Germany. Munich nowadays hosts more than 530,000 people of foreign background, the year 1158 is assumed to be the foundation date, which is the earliest date the city is mentioned in a document. The document was signed in Augsburg, by that time the Guelph Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony and Bavaria, had built a bridge over the river Isar next to a settlement of Benedictine monks—this was on the Old Salt Route and a toll bridge. In 1175, Munich was officially granted city status and received fortification, in 1180, with the trial of Henry the Lion, Otto I Wittelsbach became Duke of Bavaria and Munich was handed over to the Bishop of Freising. In 1240, Munich was transferred to Otto II Wittelsbach and in 1255, Duke Louis IV, a native of Munich, was elected German king in 1314 and crowned as Holy Roman Emperor in 1328. He strengthened the position by granting it the salt monopoly
18.
U2
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U2 are an Irish rock band from Dublin formed in 1976. The group consists of Bono, the Edge, Adam Clayton, initially rooted in post-punk, U2s sound grew to incorporate influences from many genres of popular music, yet has maintained an anthemic sound. Their lyrics, often embellished with spiritual imagery, focus on personal themes, popular for their live performances, the group has staged several ambitious and elaborate tours over their career. The band formed at Mount Temple Comprehensive School in 1976 when the members were teenagers with limited musical proficiency, within four years, they signed with Island Records and released their debut album Boy. Subsequent work such as their first UK number-one album War, by the mid-1980s, they had become renowned globally for their live act, highlighted by their performance at Live Aid in 1985. The groups fifth album, The Joshua Tree, made them international superstars and was their greatest critical and commercial success. Topping music charts around the world, it produced their only number-one singles in the US, With or Without You, facing a backlash and creative stagnation, U2 reinvented themselves in the 1990s through a new musical direction and public image. This experimentation continued through their album, Pop, and the PopMart Tour. U2 regained critical and commercial favour with the records All That You Cant Leave Behind and How to Dismantle an Atomic Bomb and their U2 360° Tour of 2009–2011 is the highest-attended and highest-grossing concert tour in history. The groups thirteenth album, Songs of Innocence, was released at no cost through the iTunes Store, U2 have released 13 studio albums and are one of the worlds best-selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 170 million records worldwide. They have won 22 Grammy Awards, more than any other band, Rolling Stone ranked U2 at number 22 on its list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time. The band formed in Dublin on 25 September 1976, Larry Mullen Jr. then a 14-year-old student at Mount Temple Comprehensive School, posted a note on the schools notice board in search of musicians for a new band—six people responded. Mullen later described it as The Larry Mullen Band for about ten minutes, then Bono walked in and blew any chance I had of being in charge. Martin, who had brought his guitar and amplifier to the first practice but could not play, did not remain with the group, the group settled on the name Feedback because it was one of the few technical terms they knew. Most of their material consisted of cover songs, which the band admitted was not their forte. Some of the earliest influences on the band were emerging punk rock acts, such as the Jam, the Clash, Buzzcocks, the popularity of punk rock convinced the group that musical proficiency was not a prerequisite to being successful. In April 1977, Feedback played their first gig for an audience at St. Fintans High School. Shortly after, the changed their name to The Hype
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Joe Cocker
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John Robert Joseph Joe Cocker, OBE was an English singer and musician. He was known for his gritty voice, spasmodic body movement in performance, Cockers cover of the Beatles With a Little Help from My Friends reached number one in the UK in 1968. He performed the live at Woodstock in 1969 and at the Party at the Palace concert for the Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth II in 2002. His version also became the song for the TV series The Wonder Years. His 1974 cover of You Are So Beautiful reached number five in the US, Cocker was the recipient of several awards, including a 1983 Grammy Award for his US number one Up Where We Belong, a duet with Jennifer Warnes. Cocker was ranked number 97 on Rolling Stones 100 greatest singers list, Cocker was born on 20 May 1944 at 38 Tasker Road, Crookes, Sheffield. He was the youngest son of a servant, Harold Cocker. According to differing family stories, Cocker received his nickname of Joe either from playing a game called Cowboy Joe. Cockers main musical influences growing up were Ray Charles and Lonnie Donegan, Cockers first experience singing in public was at age 12 when his elder brother Victor invited him on stage to sing during a gig of his skiffle group. In 1960, along with three friends, Cocker formed his first group, the Cavaliers, for the groups first performance at a youth club, they were required to pay the price of admission before entering. Cocker was not related to fellow Sheffield-born musician Jarvis Cocker, despite a rumour to this effect, in 1961, under the stage name Vance Arnold, Cocker continued his career with a new group, Vance Arnold and the Avengers. The name was a combination of Vince Everett, Elvis Presleys character in Jailhouse Rock, the group mostly played in the pubs of Sheffield, performing covers of Chuck Berry and Ray Charles songs. Cocker developed an interest in music and sought out recordings by John Lee Hooker, Muddy Waters, Lightnin Hopkins. In 1963, they booked their first significant gig when they supported the Rolling Stones at Sheffield City Hall, in 1964, Cocker signed a recording contract as a solo act with Decca and released his first single, a cover of the Beatles Ill Cry Instead. Despite extensive promotion from Decca lauding his youth and working-class roots, after Cocker recorded the single, he dropped his stage name and formed a new group, Joe Cockers Blues Band. There is only one recording of Joe Cockers Blues Band on an EP given out by The Sheffield College during Rag Week. In 1966, after a hiatus from music, Cocker teamed up with Chris Stainton. The Grease Band was named after Cocker read an interview with jazz keyboardist Jimmy Smith, like the Avengers, Cockers group mostly played in pubs in and around Sheffield
20.
Foreigner (band)
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Jones came up with the bands name as he, McDonald and Dennis Elliott were British, while Gramm, Al Greenwood and Ed Gagliardi were American. Their biggest hit single, I Want to Know What Love Is, topped the United Kingdom and they are one of the worlds best-selling bands of all time with worldwide sales of more than 80 million records, including 37.5 million records in the US. Since its inception, Foreigner has been led by English musician Mick Jones, Jones got together with New York keyboardist Al Greenwood, drummer Stan Williams and Louisiana bassist Jay Davis and began jamming. Another friend, Stories singer Ian Lloyd, was brought in to sing but Jones decided the chemistry was not quite right and retained only Greenwood as he renewed his search for players. Jones put in a call to Gramm, who was back in his hometown of Rochester, New York after Black Sheeps break up, Gramm proved to be the missing piece of the puzzle and Brooklyn, New York bassist Ed Gagliardi completed the new sextet. A name, Trigger, was agreed to and was the name that appeared on their demo tape. Kalodner had just been to hear an outfit called Trigger and realized that this was not the same band and he convinced Greenberg that at least one of the songs on the tape could be a big hit and to look into signing this group immediately. The first attempt at mixing the album was done at Sarm Studios, but, due to the bands dissatisfaction with the results, the album was re-mixed back at Atlantic by Mick Jones and Jimmy Douglass. Bud Prager signed on as the manager, a role he would continue in for the next 17 years. By May 1977, Foreigner was already headlining theaters and had scored a gold record for the first album. Not long afterwards, they were selling out U. S. basketball arenas, for Head Games, bassist Ed Gagliardi was replaced by Englishman Rick Wills. Ed was obstinate at times, playing the song the way he wanted to play it rather than the way it was drawn up, Jones often had to stop sessions to get Ed back on track. After a while it became tiresome and slowed down the recording process, Gramm went on to say that he was disappointed overall with Head Games and thought it sounded unfinished. It ended up selling about two million fewer than its predecessor and we were really aware that Head Games didnt sell nearly as much as the first album or Double Vision. Part of that was because of the cover, the song Head Games was banned by a lot of radio stations after the cover of the album came out. Today, that would not have even been a problem, but in the Bible Belt, the cover of the cute little girl in the boys bathroom erasing her number off the wall. They didnt see the humor in that and it wasnt supposed to even be sexy. It was just the time and the place of what she was doing that was supposed to leave the impression and she was erasing her phone number off the wall of the boys bathroom and thats all it was
21.
Marillion
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Marillion /məˈrɪljən/ are a British rock band, formed in Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, England, in 1979. They are best known for the 1985 singles Kayleigh and Lavender, Marillion have achieved a further twelve Top 40 hit singles in the UK with Hogarth, including 2004s Youre Gone, which charted at No.7 and is the biggest hit of his tenure. The band continue to tour internationally, and were ranked 38th in Classic Rocks 50 Best Live Acts of All Time in 2008, in 2016, they returned to the UK Albums Chart Top Ten for the first time in 22 years with their highest chart placing since 1987. They have sold more than 15 million albums, Marillion was formed in 1979 as Silmarillion, after J. R. R. Tolkiens book The Silmarillion, by Mick Pointer, Steve Rothery and they played their first gig at Berkhamsted Civic Centre, Hertfordshire, on 1 March 1980. Rothery, drummer Mick Pointer, and keyboardist Brian Jelliman completed this line-up, by the end of 1981, Kelly had replaced Jelliman, with Trewavas replacing Minnitt in 1982. Minnitt later formed Pride of Passion, the early works of Marillion contained Fishs poetic, fantastical and introspective lyrics melded with music to create a sound that reflected the bands influences. Marillions first recordings were two recorded in March and the summer of 1980, prior to Fish and Minnitt joining the band. Two versions of the Spring demo circulate amongst collectors, the first has four tracks, The Haunting of Gill House, Herne the Hunter, a track known as Scotts Porridge. The second version has a version of Alice in place of Scotts Porridge. All tracks are instrumental apart from Alice, with vocals by Doug Irvine, the summer demo has three tracks, Close, Lady Fantasy, and another version of Alice. Both were recorded at The Enids studio in Hertfordshire, the group attracted attention with a three-track session for the Friday Rock Show and were subsequently signed by EMI. They released their first single, Market Square Heroes, in 1982, following the single, the band released their first full-length album in 1983. The music on their album, Script for a Jesters Tear, was born out of the intensive gigging of the previous years. Although it had some progressive rock stylings, it also had a darker edge, the album was a commercial success, peaking at number seven on the UK album chart and producing the Top 40 singles He Knows You Know and Garden Party. Although they were accused of being Genesis soundalikes, the reached the Platinum certification and has been credited with giving a second life to progressive rock. Despite the numerous problems encountered during this period, the second album, Fugazi. It improved on the placing of its predecessor by reaching the top five and produced the top 30 singles Punch and Judy
22.
Chris de Burgh
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Christopher John Davison, known professionally as Chris de Burgh, is a British-Irish singer-songwriter and instrumentalist. He is an art rock performer who also writes pop-oriented material and he has had several top 40 hits in the UK and two in the US, but he is more popular in other countries, particularly Norway and Brazil. He is most famous for his 1986 love song The Lady in Red, de Burgh has sold over 45 million albums worldwide. De Burgh was born in Venado Tuerto, Argentina, to Colonel Charles Davison, a British diplomat, and Maeve Emily de Burgh, an Irish secretary. His maternal grandfather was Sir Eric de Burgh, a British Army officer who had been Chief of the General Staff in India during the Second World War and he took his mothers name, de Burgh, when he began performing. The Davisons finally settled in Bargy Castle, County Wexford, Ireland and it was a twelfth-century castle which Eric de Burgh bought in the 1960s. He converted it into a hotel, and the young Chris sang for the guests there, after attending Marlborough College in Wiltshire, England, de Burgh went on to graduate from Trinity College, Dublin, with a Master of Arts degree in French, English and History. Chris de Burgh signed his first contract with A&M Records in 1974 and his début album, Far Beyond These Castle Walls, was a folk-tinged stab at fantasy in the tradition of the Moody Blues. It failed to chart upon its release in late 1974, a few months later, he released a single called Turning Round from the album, released outside the UK and Ireland as Flying. It failed to make an impression in the UK, but it stayed on top of the Brazilian charts for 17 weeks, in 1981, he had his first UK chart entry with Best Moves, a collection culled from his early albums. It set the stage for 1982s Rupert Hine produced The Getaway, Chris de Burghs follow-up album, Man on the Line, also performed well, charting at 69 in the US and 11 in the UK. That Christmas season, a re-release of de Burghs 1976 Christmas song A Spaceman Came Travelling became a Top 40 hit in the UK. Flying Colours, his follow-up to Into the Light, entered the British charts at number one upon its 1988 release, yet it failed to make the American charts. De Burgh never hit the US charts again and his fortunes began to slide slightly in Britain in the early 1990s. This is mainly due to inactivity of his previous recording label A&M Records UK division in the U. S, in 1997, de Burgh composed a song entitled Theres a New Star Up in Heaven Tonight, dedicated to Diana, Princess of Wales. The song was released as a 100-copy limited edition and included on the compilations The Ultimate Collection and Now and Then. In 2007, a concert in Tehran was planned for mid-2008, together with local band Arian, however, the concert never went ahead because he had not been given permission by the Iranian authorities to perform in the country. They have two sons, Hubie and Michael, and a daughter, Rosanna, best known as the winner of the Miss World competition in 2003 for Ireland
23.
Rick Springfield
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Richard Lewis Springthorpe is an Australian musician, singer, songwriter, actor and author best known by his stage name Rick Springfield. He had a No.1 hit with Jessies Girl in 1981 in both Australia and the US, for which he received the Grammy Award for Best Male Rock Vocal Performance. He followed with four more top 10 US hits, Ive Done Everything for You, Dont Talk to Strangers, Affair of the Heart, Springfields two US top 10 albums are Working Class Dog and Success Hasnt Spoiled Me Yet. As an actor, he starred in the television series High Tide, from 1994 to 1997, and has appeared in supporting roles in Ricki, in 2010, Springfield published his autobiography, Late, Late at Night, A Memoir. He recently starred as Vince Vincente / Lucifer in the season of American TV show Supernatural on The CW. Rick Springfield was born Richard Lewis Springthorpe on 23 August 1949 in Guildford and he is the son of Eileen Louise and Norman James Springthorpe, an Australian Army career officer. When he was young, he lived at the camp with his family in Broadmeadows. At the age of fourteen, he witnessed the Beatles perform at Festival Hall, Springfield was 13 when he learned guitar. He joined various bands in England, where his father was stationed from 1958 to 1963, in 1968, he was approached by bass guitarist Pete Watson to join his group Rockhouse. Later that year, Watson changed the name to MPD Ltd and, in October when Springfield was 19 years old. Another member of MPD Ltd was Danny Finley, upon returning to Australia, they formed Wickedy Wak. They were joined by Phil Blackmore on keyboards and Dick Howard, Go-Set journalist Ian Molly Meldrum produced Wickedy Waks single, Billies Bikie Boys, with Beeb Birtles of pop rock group Zoot as a backing vocalist. In September 1969, Springfield replaced Roger Hicks as lead guitarist and vocalist in Zoot, with Birtles on bass guitar and vocals, Darryl Cotton on lead vocals and guitar, and Rick Brewer on drums. Upon joining Zoot, Springfield adopted the Think Pink – Think Zoot theme that had the members dressed head to toe in pink satin. The publicity gimmick brought attention to the group and attracted numerous teenage girl fans, zoots fifth single, Hey Pinky, was written by Springfield. The group attempted to shake off their teeny-bopper image and they followed with a hard rock cover version of The Beatles hit Eleanor Rigby, which peaked at No.4 on Go-Sets Top 40 in March 1971. Despite another hit single with Freak in April, which was written by Springfield, Springfield signed with Sparmac Records and issued his début solo single, Speak to the Sky, in October, which peaked at No.5 on the Go-Set singles chart. Sparmac label owner, Robie Porter, was producer and manager for Springfield
24.
Gianna Nannini
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Gianna Nannini is an Italian female singer-songwriter and pop musician. Among her song, Bello e impossibile was a hit in Austria, Germany, Italy. Nannini was born in Siena on 14 June 1956 and she is the older sister of former Formula One racing driver Alessandro Nannini. She studied piano and composition in Milan in the late 1970s, the following year she took part in a protest organized by Greenpeace at the French embassy in Rome against the decision of the French government to pursue nuclear experiments at Mururoa. In August 2010, at the age of 54, she announced that she was pregnant, Nanninis pregnancy was prominently featured on the cover of, where she was portraited wearing a T-shirt with the inscription ‘God is a Woman’. On 26 November 2010 at 12 AM Nanninis daughter Penelope Jane Charlotte was born at the Madonnina Clinic in Milan, Nannini scored her first domestic hit in 1979 with the single America and the album California, which became a success in several European countries. Her international breakthrough happened in 1984 with the release of her album, the Conny Plank-produced Puzzle. The first single from the album, Fotoromanza, was supported by a video directed by Michelangelo Antonioni. Nannini embarked on a long European tour to support the album, in 1986, her song Bello e impossibile was a European hit in Italy, Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Her 1987 compilation album Maschi e Altri sold over a million copies, with this orchestra Nannini went on a European tour from 2004 to 2005. The album Grazie was released in February 2006, and peaked at one of the Italian hit-parade with the single Sei nellanima. An acoustic version of her song Meravigliosa Creatura has been used in a 2008 advertisement commercial for the Fiat Bravo directed by Matthias Zentner, Fiat would later include another Gianna Nannini song, Aria, in a subsequent Fiat Bravo ad. In 1987 she performed with Sting and Jack Bruce the Three Penny Opera by Bertolt Brecht, in 1990, she and Edoardo Bennato sang Unestate italiana, the official song of the Football World Cup 1990 composed by Giorgio Moroder. In September 2006, she recorded the single Ama Credi E Vai with Andrea Bocelli, Nannini was also featured on Einstürzende Neubauten member Alexander Hackes solo album Sanctuary, on the track Per Sempre Butterfly. In 2008 she duetted with the Italian rapper Fabri Fibra in his version of the song In Italia. She also sang the song Aria with the Macedonian singer Toše Proeski
25.
The Alarm
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The Alarm are a Welsh alternative rock/new wave band that formed in Rhyl, North Wales, in 1981. Initially formed as a punk band The Toilets under lead vocalist Mike Peters, by opening for acts such as U2 and Bob Dylan, they became a popular alternative rock band of the 1980s, retaining a loyal following to the present day. The Alarms highest charting single in Britain was 1983s Sixty Eight Guns and their 1984 album, Declaration, which contained Sixty Eight Guns, peaked at number six in the UK Albums Chart. Mike Peters, Vocals, guitars, harmonica - born Michael L. Peters,25 February 1959, Prestatyn, Wales. James Stevenson, Guitar Craig Adams, Bass Mark Taylor, Keyboards Steve Smiley Barnard, Drums Mike Peters Dave Sharp, Guitars - Born David Kitchingman,28 January 1959, Salford, Eddie Macdonald, Bass - born 1 November 1959, St Asaph, Wales. Nigel Twist, Drums - born Nigel Buckle,18 July 1958, Manchester, a punk band was formed in Rhyl, Wales, in 1977, billed as The Toilets. It contained Mike Peters, Glyn Crossley, Richard OMalley Jones, in 1978, the band ceased to exist, becoming Quiasimodo and playing note for note covers of The Whos Live At Leeds with guitarist Dave Sharp. This group also included Karl Wallinger on keyboards, later the group named themselves Seventeen, with both Mike Peters and Nigel Buckle alongside Eddie Macdonald. They played their last concert together under the new name of Alarm Alarm in January 1981 at the Half Moon, Herne Hill, London and they moved from North Wales to London in September 1981, and the band recorded a one-off 7 single. One thousand copies were pressed that month, featuring Unsafe Building on the electric side, the single was noticed by Mick Mercer, who featured it as his single of the month in his ZigZag magazine. The band played a show with The Fall in December 1981 and this journalist attended the bands next show, at Upstairs at Ronnies in Londons West End. Also at this show was a representative of Wasted Talent, who arranged a meeting between the band and Ian Wilson, U2s agent, Wilson arranged another show in order to assess the bands quality, was impressed, and became the bands manager soon after. To celebrate, The Alarm played with U2 at the Lyceum Ballroom on 22 December 1981, in 1982, the band began to record demos for various record labels, but had little success. At this point, they were playing with three acoustic guitarists, the band were eventually offered a deal by I. R. S. This forced them to make a decision on who was to play which musical instrument, marching On was released as a single in October 1982, and the bands sound started to become clear. On stage, they would almost always begin gigs acoustically, before finishing with electric guitars, constant gigging in London helped the band build up a following, and in December 1982, they played four shows with U2. These shows were the first time that Bono joined The Alarm on stage, a new song, The Stand, was recorded in Battersea in April 1983, and was released in the UK as a single. The songs lyrics were inspired by Stephen Kings novel of the same name, outside the UK, the song was released as part of a five-track EP, entitled The Alarm
26.
REO Speedwagon
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REO Speedwagon is an American rock band. Formed in 1967, the band cultivated a following during the 1970s, Hi Infidelity contained four US Top 40 hits and is the groups best-selling album, with over ten million copies sold. REO Speedwagons mainstream popularity dissipated in the 1990s but the remains a popular live act. In the fall of 1966, Neal Doughty entered the engineering program at the University of Illinois in Champaign, Illinois. On his first night, he met another student, Alan Gratzer and they held an impromptu jam session in the basement of their Illinois Street Residence Hall dormitory, and soon started a rock band. Gratzer had been a drummer since high school, and was playing in a group on the weekends. Doughty started to follow around Gratzers band, eventually sitting in on a song or two, the keyboard player was the leader, but several other band members werent happy with the situation. They made a list of songs to learn over the summer break, on his Farfisa organ, he learned Light My Fire by The Doors. The members returned to school in the fall of 1967, and had their first rehearsal before classes even started. They named the band REO Speedwagon, from the REO Speed Wagon, a flatbed truck Doughty had studied in history. Rather than pronouncing REO as a word as the motor company did. An ad in the school produced their first job, a fraternity party that turned into a food fight. They continued to cover songs in campus bars, fraternity parties. The first lineup consisted of Doughty on keyboards, Gratzer on drums and vocals, Joe Matt on guitar and vocals, Mike Blair on bass, in early 1968, Terry Luttrell became lead singer, and Bob Crownover joined as the guitar player, replacing Matt. When Mike Blair left the band in the summer of 1968, Gregg Philbin replaced Blair, Marty Shepard played trumpet, Crownover played guitar for the group until the summer of 1969 when Bill Fiorio replaced him. Fiorio then departed in late 1969, eventually assuming the name Duke Tumatoe, steve Scorfina came aboard for over a year, composing with the band and performing live, before being replaced by Gary Richrath in late 1970. Richrath was a Peoria, Illinois-based guitarist and prolific songwriter who brought fresh original material to the band, with Richrath on board, the regional popularity of the band grew tremendously. The Midwestern United States was the original REO Speedwagon fan stronghold and is pivotal in this period of the bands history, the band signed to Epic Records in 1971
27.
Saga (band)
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Saga are a Canadian rock band, formed in Oakville, Ontario. Jim Crichton and Welsh-born vocalist Michael Sadler have been the songwriters for Saga. Ian Crichton is the bands guitarist, apart from his work with Saga, the bands keyboardist, Scottish-born Jim Daryl Gilmour, joined Saga in December 1979 after Greg Chadd left the band in August 1979. After the 2003 Marathon tour, Steve Negus, Sagas original drummer, christian Simpson, a Canadian-American, replaced Negus for 2004s Network album, until sidelined by a neurological condition that affected his drumming. In late 2005, former Helix member Brian Doerner became Sagas third drummer in as many years, Doerner suffered a heart attack in 2007 and was replaced by Chris Sutherland for the 10,000 Days Tour and Contact DVD, more recently Mike Thorne has joined the band. Lead singer Michael Sadler left Saga for family reasons at the end of the 2007 tour, Rob Moratti replaced Sadler in April 2008, after an Internet talent search, spanning Europe and both Americas, failed to yield a potential lead vocalist. On January 28,2011, a statement was made announcing Michael Sadlers return as the lead singer of Saga. Saga have been awarded gold and platinum albums worldwide and have more than 8 million albums. Originally known as Pockets, Saga formed in 1977 from the nucleus of Canadian rock band Fludd, in June 1978, they released their self-titled debut album Saga. A modest success in Canada, it would sell over 30,000 copies in Germany as an import. It also became a seller in Puerto Rico, after a local stereo equipment store featured the guitar-keyboard duet of the bands single, Humble Stance as part of its radio advertisements. Two other songs, How Long. and The Perfectionist, also became local favourites and their 1979 follow-up album Images at Twilight gave them their first charting single in Canada with the song Its Time peaking at No.84 in the Canadian Charts. From the album, the songs See Them Smile and Slow Motion became strong radio favourites elsewhere, Sagas next album, Silent Knight was released in 1980 and included the singles Dont Be Late and Careful Where You Step. In 1981, the bands 4th album Worlds Apart was released, the lead single Wind Him Up, finally broke them into the Top 40, peaking at No.22 on the Canadian Charts in January 1982. 26 on the Billboard Charts in March 1983, Wind Him Up became the second single in America, peaking at No.64 on Billboard the following month. Eventually, Worlds Apart was certified Gold in the USA in 1983, the band opened for Jethro Tull on their North American tour in 1982. Following on the success of Worlds Apart, the won the 1982 Juno Award for Most Promising Group of the Year. A 5th album Heads or Tales was released in late 1983, the lead single The Flyer fared well in Canada and also became their final U. S. hit, peaking at No.79 on Billboard in November 1983
28.
Mink DeVille
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Mink DeVille was a rock band known for its association with early punk rock bands at New York’s CBGB nightclub and for being a showcase for the music of Willy DeVille. The band recorded six albums in the years 1977 to 1985, except for frontman Willy DeVille, the original members of the band played only on the first two albums. For the remaining albums and for tours, Willy DeVille assembled musicians to play under the name Mink DeVille. After 1985, when Willy DeVille began recording and touring under his own name, his bands were sometimes called “The Mink DeVille Band. Rock and Roll Hall of Fame songwriter Doc Pomus said about the band, “Mink DeVille knows the truth of a city street and the courage in a ghetto love song. And the harsh reality in his voice and phrasing is yesterday, today, and tomorrow — timeless in the way that loneliness, no money. Said DeVille, “I met Manfred at a party, hed been playing with John Lee Hooker, I met Rubén at a basement jam in San Francisco, and he liked everything I liked from The Drifters to, uh, Fritz Lang. Willy DeVille occasionally sat in with the band Lazy Ace, which included Allen Jr. on drums, when Lazy Ace broke up, DeVille, Allen Jr. Colbert, Rubén Sigüenza, and guitarist Robert McKenzie formed a band called Billy de Sade and the Marquis. We were playing the leather bars down on Folsom Street, Willy DeVille recalled and we were Billy de Sade and the Marquis then. After a while they would take their clothes off and this one guy—Jesus Satin he called himself—hed dance on the pool table. In 1975, the changed its name to Mink DeVille. Said DeVille, “We were sitting around talking of names, and some of them were really rude, then one of the guys said how about Mink DeVille. There cant be anything cooler than a fur-lined Cadillac can there, DeVille also remarked about the name, What could be more pimp than a mink Cadillac. In an impressionistic sort of way, another story about the Mink DeVille name says that it originated with Fast Floyd, who owned an old Cadillac with a cracked dashboard. To cover the cracks, Fast Floyd glued an old mink coat he had purchased at a store to the dashboard. According to a 1977 article in Creem, DeVilles wife Toots Deville suggested the name. the band looked like it might have been going nowhere, so maybe another name change would help—God knows the music was great. No, its gotta be something slick—something sorta French, somethin sorta black. poetry, blurted out Toots, Willies omnipresent, black-bouffanted old lady, whose quiet intensity is not unlike his own. This issue of Creem shows a picture of DeVille driving a car with what looks to be mink on the dashboard
29.
Night Ranger
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Night Ranger is an American rock band from San Francisco that gained popularity during the 1980s with a series of albums and singles. The bands first five albums sold more than 10 million copies worldwide, the quintet is perhaps best known for the power ballad Sister Christian, which peaked at No.5 in June 1984. After their success waned in the late 1980s, the split up in 1989 and its members pursued other musical endeavours including group. Despite the departure of original keyboardist Alan Fitzgerald and guitarist Jeff Watson, the groups origin can be traced to Rubicon, a pop/funk group led by Jerry Martini, who gained fame as a member of Sly and the Family Stone. After Rubicons demise in 1979, bassist Jack Blades formed a rock trio with two other Rubicon members, drummer Kelly Keagy and guitarist Brad Gillis. Performing under the name Stereo, the threesome added keyboardist Alan Fitzgerald, Fitzgerald soon recommended enlisting a second virtuoso guitarist, so Jeff Watson, who led his own band in Northern California, was added to the group. As Stereo, the band played clubs in San Francisco in 1980. By late that year, the name was changed to Ranger and were opening for acts such as Sammy Hagar. In 1982, the changed its name to Night Ranger after a country band, The Rangers. After Boardwalk folded, producer Bruce Bird secured Night Ranger a deal with MCA on their Camel subsidiary in 1983 and their first three albums, Dawn Patrol, Midnight Madness, and Seven Wishes, all reached RIAA Platinum status and garnered the band international fame. Rolling Stones review of Seven Wishes took a swipe at Night Rangers formula of sub-Broadway ballads, other critics were even less flattering, with terms such as poseurs and pomp-rockers put forth in various music guides. Both guitarists also featured prominently in magazines like Guitar for the Practicing Musician, Dawn Patrols first single, Dont Tell Me You Love Me, received a boost through its MTV video airplay and peaked modestly at No.40 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Sing Me Away, a concert favourite sung by Keagy fell short of the Top 40 at a position of #54 even though it also was featured on MTV. Night Rangers hold solidified with their album, Midnight Madness. Apart from Rock in America, Midnight Madness spun off two hit ballads, When You Close Your Eyes and Sister Christian, written and sung by Kelly Keagy for his younger sister, Sister Christian proved to be the bands milestone —as well as a millstone— as it turned out. According to a interview with Brad Gillis, Sister Christian had actually been completed in 1982. But Gillis said the band not to release it on Dawn Patrol because they were afraid of losing their hard rock credentials. In 1985, Night Ranger continued headlining their own tours in support of Seven Wishes which followed a loose concept of the band flying across the ocean in a WWII B-25 Mitchell bomber
30.
Huey Lewis and the News
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Huey Lewis and the News is an American pop rock band based in San Francisco, California. They had a run of hit singles during the 1980s and early 1990s, eventually scoring a total of 19 top ten singles across the Billboard Hot 100, Adult Contemporary and their most successful album, Sports, was released in 1983. The album, along with its videos being featured on MTV and that expanded when the song The Power of Love was featured in the hit film Back to the Future. The Power of Love was nominated for an Academy Award and reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart, the News combined a rock backing with soul and doo-wop-influenced harmony vocals and Lewis voice. In 1972 singer/harmonica player Huey Lewis and keyboardist Sean Hopper joined the Bay Area jazz-funk band Clover, Clover recorded several albums in the 1970s, and in the middle of the decade transplanted themselves to England to become part of the UK pub rock scene for a time. Without Lewis, they became the original backing band for Elvis Costellos first album My Aim Is True. Lewis also worked with Irish band Thin Lizzy, contributing harmonica to the song Baby Drives Me Crazy, recorded onstage for the Live, Lizzy bassist/vocalist Phil Lynott introduces Lewis by name during the song. The band returned to the Bay Area by the end of the 1970s, clovers main competition in the Bay Area jazz-funk scene was a band called Soundhole, whose members included drummer Bill Gibson, saxophonist/guitarist Johnny Colla, and bassist Mario Cipollina. Like Clover, Soundhole had spent time backing the singer and recording artist. After getting a contract from Phonogram Records in 1978, Huey Lewis recruited Hopper, Gibson, Colla. Though they played gigs under this name, in 1979 they recorded and released a single simply as American Express, the single, Exodisco was largely ignored. The B-side of this record, Kick Back, was a song that had previously performed live by Lewis and his former band. Chrysalis did not like the name American Express, fearing trademark infringement charges from the card company. Later in 1980, the band issued their first studio album, a self-titled LP, Huey Lewis, in 1982, the band released their second studio album, the self-produced Picture This. The album turned gold, fueled by the success of the hit single Do You Believe in Love. Largely because of the single, the album remained on the Billboard 200 album chart for 35 weeks, the follow-up singles from Picture This, Hope You Love Me Like You Say You Do and Workin for a Livin, followed with limited success. Due to record label delays on the release of their studio album, Sports, Huey Lewis. The new album hit number 6 in the U. S. when first released
31.
Shakatak
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Shakatak are an English jazz-funk band, founded in 1980. The group is active and popular throughout the world, particularly in Japan and the Far East. From their first release in August 1980, and their first album, Drivin Hard and it was the release of Easier Said Than Done that gave the band the radio exposure needed for their first top-twenty hit. This record introduced their instrumental-unison vocal sound to a wider audience. By now an international act, the success of the release gave them the number-one jazz album slot in Japan. Night Birds was used in the film, Away We Go, directed by Sam Mendes. Two more albums – Invitations and Out of This World – were recorded in 1982 and 1983, resulting in several more chart hits, and paving the way for the next major breakthrough in the bands career. With a subtle change in direction, yet still retaining the bands identity, Jill Saward became their sole lead singer to make Shakataks fifth album. The resulting single releases Down on the Street and Watching You had great success, the following year saw the release of the groups first live album, which was recorded in both Tokyo and London. However, following this success the band felt it was time that they re-directed their efforts back to singles, the result was Something Special, closely followed by the night club and chart hit Mr Manic & Sister Cool from their next LP, Manic and Cool. Shakatak continue to regularly throughout the world with recent festival performances at Jakjazz, the Jakarta International Jazz Festival, Bangkok, Hua Hin. They make annual appearances at the Billboard Clubs in Japan, the band celebrated their thirtieth anniversary year in 2010. Bassist George Anderson released his solo album, Expressions, on 3 September 2012 through Secret Records. Coming three years after his first album Positivity, this album again had Anderson writing, arranging and producing all of the tracks, keyboardist Bill Sharpe worked with American jazz pianist Don Grusin on a joint project called Geography released in 2007. Sharpes second collaboration with Grusin, Trans Atlantica, was released on 3 September 2012 and it was also issued through Secret Records, and included Geography as a special 2-CD package
32.
Simple Minds
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Simple Minds are a Scottish rock band that formed in Glasgow in 1977. Simple Minds are the most commercially successful Scottish band of the 1980s and they have achieved five UK number one albums during their career and have sold 30 million records worldwide. Despite various personnel changes, they continue to record and tour, the band scored a string of hit singles, becoming best known internationally for their 1985 hit Dont You, from the soundtrack of the film The Breakfast Club. Their other more prominent hits include Alive and Kicking and Belfast Child, in 2016, they won the British Academys Ivor Novello Award for Outstanding Song Collection. The core of the band is the two remaining founding members – Jim Kerr and Charlie Burchill, the other current band members are Andy Gillespie, drummer Mel Gaynor and Ged Grimes. Former members include bass guitarist Derek Forbes, drummer Brian McGee, the roots of Simple Minds are in the short-lived punk band Johnny & The Self-Abusers, founded on the South Side of Glasgow in 1977. The band was conceived by would-be Glasgow scene-maker Alan Cairnduff, although he left the job of organising the band to his friend John Milarky. At Cairnduff’s suggestion, Milarky teamed up two musicians he had never worked with before – budding singer and lyricist Jim Kerr and guitarist Charlie Burchill. Kerr and Burchill had known each other since the age of eight, after joining Johnny & The Self-Abusers, they brought in two of their school friends, Brian McGee on drums and Tony Donald on bass. With Milarky established as singer, guitarist and saxophonist, the line-up was completed by his friend Allan McNeill as third guitarist, Kerr and Burchill also doubled on keyboards and violin respectively. In common with the punk bands, various members took on stage names—Milarky became Johnnie Plague, Kerr became Pripton Weird, MacNeil chose Sid Syphilis. Johnny & The Self-Abusers played their first gig on Easter Monday,11 April 1977, the band played support to rising punk stars Generation X in Edinburgh two weeks later. The band went on to play a summer of concerts in Glasgow, in November 1977, Johnny & The Self-Abusers released its only single, Saints and Sinners, on Chiswick Records. The band split on the day that the single was released, with Milarky. Ditching the stage names and the overt punkiness, the members continued together as Simple Minds. In January 1978, Simple Minds recruited Duncan Barnwell as a second guitarist, meanwhile, Kerr had abandoned keyboards to concentrate entirely on vocals. In March 1978, Kerr, Burchill, Donald, Barnwell, the band rapidly established a reputation as an exciting live act and gained a management deal with Bruce Findlay, owner of the Bruces Records chain of record shops. Findlay also owned Zoom Records, and used his position to get Simple Minds signed to Arista, by early 1980, Findlay would have become the bands full-time manager via his Schoolhouse Management company
33.
The Cure
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The Cure are an English rock band formed in Crawley, West Sussex in 1976. The band has experienced several changes, with vocalist, guitarist. During the early 1980s, the increasingly dark and tormented music was a staple of the emerging gothic rock genre. After the release of Pornography in 1982, the future was uncertain. The band is estimated to have sold 27 million records as of 2004 and have released thirteen albums, ten EPs. The 1989 album Disintegration is regarded as the commercial and critical peak. That band consisted of Robert Smith on piano, Michael Mick Dempsey on guitar, Laurence Lol Tolhurst on percussion, Marc Ceccagno on lead guitar and Alan Hill on bass guitar. In January 1976 while at St. Wilfrids Comprehensive School Ceccagno formed a 5-piece rock band with Smith on guitar and Dempsey on bass and they called themselves Malice and rehearsed David Bowie, Jimi Hendrix and Alex Harvey songs in a local church hall. By late April 1976, Ceccagno and the two school friends had left, and Tolhurst, Martin Creasy, and Porl Thompson had joined the band. This lineup played all three of Malices only documented live shows during December 1976, both Malice and Easy Cure auditioned several vocalists before Smith assumed the role of Easy Cures frontman in September 1977. That year, Easy Cure won a talent competition with German label Hansa Records, although the band recorded tracks for the company, none were ever released. Following disagreements in March 1978 over the direction the band should take, Smith later recalled, We were very young. They just thought they could turn us into a teen group and they actually wanted us to do cover versions and we always refused. Thompson was dropped from the band in May, and the trio were soon renamed The Cure by Smith. Later that month, the recorded their first sessions as a trio at Chestnut Studios in Sussex. The demo found its way to Polydor Records scout Chris Parry, the Cure released their debut single Killing an Arab in December 1978 on the Small Wonder label as a stopgap until Fiction finalised distribution arrangements with Polydor. The band placed a label that denied the racist connotations on the singles 1979 reissue on Fiction. The Cure released their debut album Three Imaginary Boys in May 1979, because of the bands inexperience in the studio, Parry and engineer Mike Hedges took control of the recording
34.
INXS
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INXS were an Australian rock band, formed as The Farriss Brothers in 1977 in Sydney, New South Wales. They began playing covers in Western Australian pubs and clubs, occasionally playing some of their original music, mainstays were main composer and keyboardist Andrew Farriss, drummer Jon Farriss, guitarists Tim Farriss and Kirk Pengilly, bassist Garry Gary Beers and main lyricist and vocalist Michael Hutchence. For twenty years, INXS was fronted by Hutchence, whose good looks. Initially known for their new style, the band later developed a harder pub rock style that included funk. In 1980, INXS first charted in their native Australia with their debut self-titled album, but later garnered moderate success in countries with Shabooh Shoobah. Though The Swing brought more success from around the world, its single Original Sin was even greater commercially, in the 1990s, INXS achieved a greater fan following through Hutchences romance with fellow Australian singer Kylie Minogue, and achieved greater acclaim in the United Kingdom. However, starting with Welcome to Wherever You Are, in 1992, after Hutchence was found dead in his hotel suite in Sydney in November 1997, the band did not perform publicly for a year. They made appearances with several guest singers, including Jimmy Barnes, Terence Trent DArby and Jon Stevens, Stevens formally joined the band for a tour and recording session in 2002. In 2005, members of INXS participated in Rock Star, INXS, with Fortune, the band released Pretty Vegas and Afterglow as singles, and the album Switch. In late 2010, the recorded and released Original Sin. INXS won six Australian Recording Industry Association awards including three for Best Group in 1987,1989 and 1992, and was inducted into the ARIA Hall of Fame in 2001, as of June 2015, INXS has sold over 50 million records worldwide. The origins of the band began with Andrew Farriss convincing his fellow Davidson High School classmate, Michael Hutchence, to join his band, Doctor Dolphin. The band contained two other classmates, Kent Kerny and Neil Sanders and a player, Garry Beers and Geoff Kennely, from a nearby high school. In 1977, Tim Farriss, Andrews older brother, invited Andrew, Hutchence and Beers to join him, Tim and Pengilly had been playing together since 1971 as either an acoustic duo, Kirk and Tim, or as a four-piece band called Guinness. The band made their debut on 16 August 1977 at Whale Beach,40 km north of Sydney. Andrew Farriss remembers, I thought the show went really well, but I think my dad summed it up the day, Great show. I think everyone might have been stoned and they briefly performed as The Vegetables, singing We Are the Vegetables, before returning to Sydney ten months later, where they recorded a set of demos. At a chance meeting in the car park of the Narrabeen Antler, a pub in Narrabeen on the Northern Beaches of Sydney, New South Wales, Tim was approached by Gary Morris, the manager of Midnight Oil
35.
James Taylor
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James Vernon Taylor is an American singer-songwriter and guitarist. A five-time Grammy Award winner, he was inducted into the Rock and he is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 100 million records worldwide. Taylor achieved his breakthrough in 1970 with the No.3 single Fire and Rain and had his first No.1 hit the year with Youve Got a Friend. His 1976 Greatest Hits album was certified Diamond and has sold 12 million US copies, following his 1977 album, JT, he has retained a large audience over the decades. Every album that he released from 1977 to 2007 sold over a million copies and his chart performance had a resurgence during the late 1990s and 2000s, when he recorded some of his most-awarded work. He achieved his first number one album in the US in 2015 with his recording Before This World. He is notable for his covers of other peoples songs, such as How Sweet It Is. James Vernon Taylor was born at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston on March 12,1948 and his father was from a well-off family of Southerners of Scottish ancestry. His mother, the former Gertrude Woodard, studied singing with Marie Sundelius at the New England Conservatory of Music and was an opera singer before the couples marriage in 1946. James was the second of five children, the others being Alex, Kate, Livingston and they built a house in the Morgan Creek area off the present Morgan Creek Road, which was sparsely populated. James would later say, Chapel Hill, the Piedmont, the hills, were tranquil, rural, beautiful. Thinking of the red soil, the seasons, the way things smelled down there, I feel as though my experience of coming of age there was more a matter of landscape, James attended public primary school in Chapel Hill. Isaacs career prospered, but he was away from home, on military service at Bethesda Naval Hospital in Maryland. Isaac Taylor later rose to dean of the UNC School of Medicine from 1964 to 1971. The Taylors spent summers on Marthas Vineyard beginning in 1953, Taylor first learned to play the cello as a child in North Carolina and switched to the guitar in 1960. He began attending Milton Academy, a boarding school in Massachusetts in fall 1961. Summering before then with his family on Marthas Vineyard, he met Danny Kortchmar, the two began listening to and playing blues and folk music together, and Kortchmar quickly realized that Taylors singing had a natural sense of phrasing, every syllable beautifully in time. I knew James had that thing, Taylor wrote his first song on guitar at 14, and he continued to learn the instrument effortlessly
36.
Simply Red
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Simply Red are a British soul/pop band which formed in 1985 in Manchester. The lead singer of the band is the singer/songwriter Mick Hucknall and they have had five number one albums in the UK, with their 1991 album, Stars, one of the best-selling albums in UK Chart history. At the 1992 and 1993 Brit Awards, they received the award for Best British Group. They received three Grammy Award nominations, for Best New Artist in 1987, and Holding Back the Years, Simply Red have sold over 50 million records worldwide. Simply Reds origination dates from a 1976 Sex Pistols gig at the Lesser Free Trade Hall in Manchester, England. Manchester art student Mick Hucknall was one of the few young music fans present, along with Mark E. Smith of The Fall as well as members of the bands Joy Division, The Smiths. After the demise of The Frantic Elevators, Hucknall linked up with manager Elliot Rashman, by early 1985, Hucknall and Rashman had assembled a band of local session musicians and begun to attract record company attention. The group adopted the name Red but then Hucknall decided it would sound better with the addition of the word Simply, the bands name is also linked to Hucknalls allegiance to being a supporter of Manchester United, as the clubs home shirt colour is red. The initial Simply Red line-up consisted of Mick Hucknall, David Fryman, Tony Bowers, Fritz McIntyre, Tim Kellett and Chris Joyce. Simply Red signed a contract with Elektra in 1985, but after recording one track, Fryman left the group and was replaced by guitarist Sylvan Richardson, who was billed only as Sylvan. Red Box would eventually see release in 1985 as a B-side to the groups first single, Moneys Too Tight, a cover of a soul song originally recorded by The Valentine Brothers. Moneys Too Tight gained international success, reaching the UK and Irish Top 20, then later the American, French and Dutch Top 30, and it was included on their debut album, Picture Book, also released in 1985. Several low-charting singles would follow for the band, among the comparative flops was a re-recording of the Frantic Elevators Holding Back the Years, done up in a new soul-ballad style arrangement. Released as Simply Reds third single in 1985, the initially placed outside the UK Top 50. However, upon being re-released in 1986, Holding Back the Years became a hit, peaking at #1 in Ireland, #2 in the UK, #3 in the Netherlands, #20 in Italy. The song established Simply Red as a household name, Simply Reds second album, 1987s Men and Women, saw the band adopting bowler hats and colourful suits instead of their earlier ragamuffin look. As well, the introspection and social commentary of their album was replaced by a blue-eyed soul sound with funk influences. The albums lead single The Right Thing was another hit, charting in the top 40 throughout Europe
37.
Echo & the Bunnymen
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Echo & the Bunnymen are an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1978. The original line-up consisted of vocalist Ian McCulloch, guitarist Will Sergeant and bass player Les Pattinson, by 1980, Pete de Freitas joined as the bands drummer. Their 1980 debut album, Crocodiles, went into the top 20 of the UK Albums Chart. The bands cult status was followed by success in 1983 as they scored a UK Top 10 hit with The Cutter, and the attendant album, Porcupine. Ocean Rain, continued the bands UK chart success, and has since been regarded as one of the releases of the post-punk movement. In 1989, de Freitas was killed in a motorcycle accident, after working together as Electrafixion, McCulloch and Sergeant regrouped with Pattinson in 1997 and returned as Echo & the Bunnymen. Ian McCulloch began his career in 1977, as one third of the Crucial Three and this early incarnation of the band featured a drum machine, assumed by many to be Echo, though this has been denied by the band. In the 1982 book Liverpool Explodes, will Sergeant explained the origin of the bands name, We had this mate who kept suggesting all these names like The Daz Men or Glisserol and the Fan Extractors. Echo and the Bunnymen was one of them, I thought it was just as stupid as the rest. In November 1978, Echo & the Bunnymen made their debut at Liverpools Erics Club, the band played one song, a 20-minute version of Monkeys which was entitled I Bagsy Yours at the time. Echo & the Bunnymens debut single The Pictures on My Wall was released on Bill Drummond & David Balfes Zoo Records in May 1979, McCulloch has subsequently denied that Cope had any involvement with the writing of this song on more than one occasion. By the time of their album, 1980s Crocodiles, the drum machine had been replaced by Trinidad-born Pete de Freitas. The lead single, Rescue, climbed to UK No.62 and the album broke into the Top 20 at No. Their next album, Heaven Up Here, was a bigger critical and commercial success, reaching the UK Top Ten, although a single lifted from the album, A Promise. In June 1982, the Bunnymen achieved their first significant UK hit single with The Back of Love, in July 1982, they performed at the first WOMAD festival. This was followed in early 1983 with their first Top 10, the more radio-friendly The Cutter, the parent album, Porcupine, hit No.2 in the album chart. Following a PR campaign which proclaimed it the greatest album ever according to McCulloch. 4, and today is regarded as the bands landmark album
38.
Talk Talk
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Talk Talk were an English new wave band, active from 1981 until their breakup in 1992. Their early hit singles include Today, Talk Talk, Its My Life, although the band only experienced moderate success in their native country, they established some international success. Talk Talk moved away from synthpop towards more experimental music in the mid-1980s, friction with the bands label, EMI, resulted in legal action and countersuing. The band switched to Polydor for their album, 1991s Laughing Stock. Singer Mark Hollis released one album in 1998 before retiring from the music industry. Founding bass player and drummer Paul Webb and Lee Harris played in bands together, de facto fourth member Tim Friese-Greene continued in the business as a musician. Talk Talk began as a quartet consisting of Mark Hollis formerly from The Reaction, Lee Harris, Paul Webb, in their early years they were often compared with Duran Duran. In addition to a name consisting of a repeated word. The band also supported Duran Duran on tour in late 1981, the band released their first single, Mirror Man, on EMI in February 1982. The single was not a success, but was quickly followed by their self-titled single in April 1982 which reached No.52 in the UK. The bands first album, titled The Partys Over, was released in July 1982, the band had their first UK Top 40 hits with the singles Today and a re-release of Talk Talk. These singles also were hits in countries including Ireland, South Africa, Australia. The re-release of the Talk Talk single reached the U. S, the album was produced by Colin Thurston, who was Duran Durans in-house EMI producer at the time, but picked by Hollis because of his involvement with David Bowies Heroes. It was a success in the UK reaching No.21. It was a Top 10 hit in New Zealand and they were introduced to a much wider live audience in October 1982 when they supported Genesis at their reunion concert with original lead singer Peter Gabriel at Milton Keynes Bowl, England. Brenner left after the 1983 non-LP hit single My Foolish Friend, at this point, Talk Talk was now a trio, as Brenner was never officially replaced. Although a major contributor to the bands output, Friese-Greene did not regularly play with the touring band. The accompanying single Such a Shame became a Top 10 hit in Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands and Switzerland during this period
39.
The Bangles
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The Bangles are an American pop rock band that formed in Los Angeles in 1981, scoring several hit singles as that decade continued. The bands hits include Walk Like an Egyptian, Billboard magazines number-one single of 1987, as well as Manic Monday, Hazy Shade of Winter, Susanna Hoffs, and sisters Vicki and Debbi Peterson, formed a band in Los Angeles in December 1980. The trio named themselves The Bangs, the band was part of the Los Angeles Paisley Underground scene, which featured groups that played a mixture of 1960s-influenced rock. In 1981, the recorded and released a single on DownKiddie Records. The trio was signed to Faulty Products, a formed by Miles Copeland. The early Bangles line-up of Susanna Hoffs, Vicki Peterson, Debbi Peterson and Annette Zilinskas recorded an EP in 1982, a legal issue forced the band to change their name at the last minute so they dropped The and added the letters les to the end to become Bangles. Their first EP was retitled Bangles and released, in 1983, Faulty Products issued a 12-inch remix single of The Real World to radio and media, but another setback came as the label folded. Records picked up distribution and re-issued the EP, the record received good reviews, and the video for Liverpool featured Leonard Nimoy, which helped to generate further publicity. This came about through a friendship between the Hoffs and Nimoy families and they received a much wider audience serving as the opening act for Cyndi Lauper on her Fun Tour. All this went some way to attracting the attention of Prince, Manic Monday went on to become a number-two hit in the US, the UK and Germany, outsold at the time only by another Prince composition, his own Kiss. The bands second album Different Light was more polished than its predecessor and, with the help of the worldwide number-one hit Walk Like an Egyptian, the song was sent to them in mid-session and the group was divided about whether it would be a failure or a success. When the song was released the group was amazed to discover that it brought them a new audience of female fans, commented Michael Steele to a Nine-O-One Network Magazine writer, When I go out now it is usually girls who recognize me. In fact, singing duties on the albums were evenly divided among all of the bands members. Hoffs starred in the 1987 film, The Allnighter, directed by her mother, Tamar Simon Hoffs and that, and the firing of their manager Miles Copeland III, further exacerbated the dissent. S. Top 30 and the German Top 20, the album Everything was produced by Davitt Sigerson, as the band had a negative reaction to working with David Kahne on Different Light. The album was another hit and included the top five hit In Your Room as well as their biggest-selling single. Co-writer Billy Steinberg came up with the title after Susanna Hoffs told him about the bands recent trip to Memphis, the group visited Graceland, Elvis Presleys estate in Memphis. An Eternal Flame in memoriam to Presley is maintained on the site, but on the day the band visited, when they asked what was in the box, they were told, Thats the eternal flame
40.
Cock Robin
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Who Killed Cock Robin is an English nursery rhyme, which has been much used as a murder archetype in world culture. It has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 494, the earliest record of the rhyme is in Tommy Thumbs Pretty Song Book, published c. 1744, which noted only the first four verses, the extended version given below was not printed until c. I, said the Sparrow, with my bow and arrow, I, said the Fly, with my little eye, I saw him die. I, said the Fish, with my little dish, I caught his blood, I, said the Beetle, with my thread and needle, Ill make the shroud. I, said the Owl, with my little trowel, Ill dig his grave, I, said the Rook, with my little book, Ill be the parson. I, said the Lark, if its not in the dark, I, said the Linnet, Ill fetch it in a minute, Ill carry the link. I, said the Dove, I mourn for my love, I, said the Kite, if its not through the night, Ill carry the coffin. We, said the Wren, both the cock and the hen, Well bear the pall, I, said the Thrush, as she sat on a bush, Ill sing a psalm. I said the Bull, because I can pull, Ill toll the bell, all the birds of the air fell a-sighing and a-sobbing, when they heard the bell toll for poor Cock Robin. The rhyme has been reprinted with illustrations, as suitable reading material for small children. The rhyme also has an ending, in which the sparrow who killed cock robin is hanged for his crime. Several early versions picture a stocky, strong-billed bullfinch tolling the bell, although the song was not recorded until the mid-eighteenth century, there is some evidence that it is much older. The use of the owl with shovel, could suggest that it was originally used in older middle English pronunciation. Versions of the story appear to exist in countries, including Germany. It is a parody of the death of King William II, who was killed by an arrow while hunting in the New Forest in 1100, and who was known as William Rufus, meaning red. The rhyme is connected with the fall of Robert Walpoles government in 1742, since Robin is a form of Robert. All of these theories are based on perceived similarities in the text to legendary or historical events, peter Opie pointed out that an existing rhyme could have been adapted to fit the circumstances of political events in the eighteenth century
41.
Feargal Sharkey
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Seán Feargal Sharkey is a singer from Northern Ireland most widely known as the lead vocalist of pop punk band The Undertones in the 1970s and 1980s, and also for solo works in the 1980s and 1990s. His 1985 solo single A Good Heart was an international success, after becoming less musically active in the early 1990s, he has performed various roles supporting the UKs commercial music industry, winning several awards and honours for his work in that area. Sharkey, who was born in Derry, Northern Ireland, joined The Undertones shortly after their formation in 1975 and they had several UK hits, with songs such as Teenage Kicks, Here Comes The Summer, My Perfect Cousin, Wednesday Week and Its Going to Happen. The band split in 1983 citing musical differences, with Sharkey pursuing a career and other members of the band forming That Petrol Emotion the following year. Before his solo career took off, he was also the singer of the one-shot group The Assembly with ex-Yazoo, in 1983 their single Never Never was a UK No.4 hit. Sharkeys debut single was a collaboration with Madness member Cathal Smyth titled Listen to Your Father, the single was released on Madnesss label Zarjazz Records in 1984, reaching No.23 in the UK chart. The track was performed on Top of the Pops with members of Madness, sharkeys solo work was significantly different from the post-punk offerings of The Undertones. His best-known solo material is the 1985 UK chart-topping single penned by Maria McKee, A Good Heart and he also had a UK Top 5 hit in 1986 with You Little Thief. His eponymous debut album reached No.12 in the UK Albums Chart. Following on from his second album Wish in 1988, he achieved success in 1991 with his UK Top 30 album Songs From The Mardi Gras. Starting in the early 1990s Sharkey moved into the side of the music industry, initially as A&R for Polydor Records. He was appointed a member of the Radio Authority for five years from December 1998 to December 2003, in 2008, Sharkey was appointed as the CEO of British Music Rights, replacing Emma Pike. In October 2008, he head of UK Music, an umbrella organisation representing the collective interests of the UKs commercial music industry. He has become prominent in criticising the use of Form 696 by the Metropolitan Police requiring event promoters to provide data on performers, Sharkey resigned from UK Music on 11 November 2011. Sharkey appeared on BBC Newcastle, interviewed by Simon Logan on the show on 7 August 2013. He spoke about his career and his decision to resign from the stage and its time to get off the stage and make room for. He is the member of the Radio Authority to have been honoured in this way by the radio industry. In 2006 he got the Bottle Award, at the International Live Music Conference for outstanding contribution to the music industry
42.
David Bowie
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David Robert Jones, known professionally as David Bowie, was an English singer, songwriter and actor. He was a figure in music for over five decades, regarded by critics and musicians as an innovator. His career was marked by reinvention and visual presentation, his music, during his lifetime, his record sales, estimated at 140 million worldwide, made him one of the worlds best-selling music artists. In the UK, he was awarded nine platinum album certifications, eleven gold and eight silver, in the US, he received five platinum and seven gold certifications. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1996, born in Brixton, South London, Bowie developed an interest in music as a child, eventually studying art, music and design before embarking on a professional career as a musician in 1963. Space Oddity became his first top-five entry on the UK Singles Chart after its release in July 1969, after a period of experimentation, he re-emerged in 1972 during the glam rock era with his flamboyant and androgynous alter ego Ziggy Stardust. The character was spearheaded by the success of his single Starman and album The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars, in 1976, Bowie starred in the cult film The Man Who Fell to Earth and released Station to Station. Heroes and Lodger followed, each reached the UK top five. He then reached his peak in 1983 with Lets Dance. Throughout the 1990s and 2000s, Bowie continued to experiment with styles, including industrial. He stopped concert touring after 2004, and his last live performance was at a charity event in 2006, in 2013, Bowie returned from a decade-long recording hiatus with the release of The Next Day. He remained musically active until he died of cancer two days after the release of his final album, Blackstar. David Robert Jones was born on 8 January 1947, in Brixton, south London and his mother, Margaret Mary Peggy, was born in Kent, and had Irish ancestry, she worked as a waitress. His father, Haywood Stenton John Jones, from Yorkshire, was an officer for the childrens charity Barnardos. The family lived at 40 Stansfield Road, near the border of the south London areas of Brixton, Bowie attended Stockwell Infants School until he was six years old, acquiring a reputation as a gifted and single-minded child—and a defiant brawler. In 1953, Bowie moved with his family to the suburb of Bromley and his voice was considered adequate by the school choir, and he demonstrated above-average abilities in playing the recorder. Upon listening to Little Richards song Tutti Frutti, Bowie would later say, presleys impact on him was likewise emphatic, I saw a cousin of mine dance to. Hound Dog and I had never seen her get up and be moved so much by anything and it really impressed me, the power of the music
