1.
Heemskerk
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Heemskerk is a municipality and a town in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. It is located in the Kennemerland region, the mayor of Heemskerk is currently Mieke Baltus. It is not certain where the name of Heemskerk comes from, the town was already known during the Middle Ages. In an official deed from the year of 1063, the town was known as Hemezen Kyrica, Latinized Frisian meaning Church of Hemezen, a Frisian nun who lived in a religious house there. Heemskerk knows many historical monuments, among them the Huldtoneel, a hill located near the current Rijksstraatweg. According to tradition, the Huldtoneel was used before the Roman Era as a Germanic sanctuary, in the nineteenth century Jonkheer Gevers finally made the Huldtoneel a monument - as it is known today - and ordered passers-by to honour the monument. Many battles have been fought in Heemskerk, two castles - Castle Oud Haerlem and Castle Heemskerk - were built in the twelfth and thirteenth century respectively to protect the County of Holland against the West Frisians. In the fifteenth century the residents of Heemskerk fought each other during the Hook and Cod wars, the Oud Haerlem castle was never rebuilt, Castle Heemskerk however was. In 1492 a rebellion by the people of Kennemerland was brutally beaten down by the Austrian conquerors, in 1610 the Castle Heemskerk was renamed to Castle Marquette and was at first the residence for many nobles and later inhabited by patricians. The last noble family that there were the House of Gevers. Today Castle Marquette is owned by the Spanish hotelgroup NH Hoteles and is the site of weddings, conferences. Located on the eastside of Heemskerk is Castle Assumburg, built from the remains of Kasteel Oud Haerlem in 1546, the Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk at the Nielenplein and Kerkplein is built in 1628, but it has a tower from the Middle Ages. In the graveyard around the church is a copy of a monument dedicated to the father of painter Maarten van Heemskerck, the original is located inside the church. After the time of knights and nobles, Heemskerk remained a small and its residents, who mainly worked in agriculture and keeping cattle, had good, but also some very bad times. The former town hall was built in 1911 after a design by Jan Stuyt and was raised with a floor in 1949. Today this is the building where Janssens notary office is located, the Roman Catholic Laurentiuskerk, designed by architect J. H. Tonnaer, was completed in 1891 and is a rare example of a Catholic church in neo-renaissance style. There is nothing left of other monuments, like Castle Oud Haerlem. Railway Station, Heemskerk Maarten van Heemskerck, painter, ernesto Fritz Hoost Mr Perfect, kickboxer, four-time K-1 World Champion Bart Schraa, football player, Bayer Leverkusen, FC Schalke 04, Arminia Bielefeld
2.
Dutch Australians
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Dutch Australians refers to Australians with full or partial Dutch ancestry. They form one of the largest groups of the Dutch diaspora outside Europe, the history of the Dutch and Australia began in 1606 with Captain Willem Janszoon, a Dutch seafarer, landing on the Australian mainland, the first European to do so. The VOC, or the Dutch East India Company, operated mainly from Batavia, however, miscalculations and errors in crew et cetera made it easy for ships to become lost on this newer course. Some ships, travelled too far east and sighted the west coast of Australia, a number of these ships became wrecked upon the reefs or cliffs that were known hazards of the Southland. Famous examples of these ill-fated ships include the Batavia, Zuytdorp, after the wrecking of the Batavia, a murderous mutiny was carried out under the orders of a psychopathic doctor from Haarlem, Jeronimus Corneliszoon. A more successful landing was made by Dirk Hartog, best known of the Dutch seafarers to Australia was Abel Tasman, in whose honour Tasmania was eventually named. With the exception of the east coast, most of the Australian coastline was first charted by Dutch mariners, Australia was thus known as New Holland from the seventeenth until the early nineteenth century. A number of Dutch people from the Dutch East Indies found their way to Australia during World War II, the Netherlands East Indies government operated from Australia during the war. No.18 later moved to northern Australia, No.120 to Western Australia, the Netherlands East Indies Forces Intelligence Service, was based in Melbourne during World War II. Some Dutch settlers in Australia arrived as part of Australias post World War II assisted migration program, many Dutch immigrants arrived by sea on the MS Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, while others flew to Australia on KLM, or Royal Dutch Airlines. According to the 2006 Australian Census,310,089 persons resident in Australia claimed Dutch ancestry,78,927 persons declared they were born in the Netherlands. As the level of immigration from the Netherlands has dropped significantly from the 1980s, 52% of the Dutch-born population was aged sixty years old or older at the time of the 2006 Census. As at the 2006 census 26,141 Dutch born Australians speak Dutch at home, proficiency in English was self-described by census respondents as very well by 27%, well by 7%, <1% not well. Of the Australian residents who were born in the Netherlands,59,502 or 75% were Australian citizens at the time of the 2006 census. According to 2006 census data released by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, 61% of Dutch born Australians recorded their religion as Christian, Immigration history of Australia Danish Australians Norwegian Australians Swedish Australians Icelandic Australians Bureau of Immigration Research. Community profiles, Netherlands born Canberra, Australian Government Publishing Service, ISBN 0-7315-1913-2 Eysbertse, Dirk, and Marijke Where waters meet, Bonegilla, the Dutch migrant experience North Brighton, Vic. ISBN 0-646-31005-4 Mencke, Annelies and Tjerk van der Schaaf, the distribution of Dutch immigrants in Australia 1947-1976 Thesis --University of Groningen. Peters, Nonja, Nien Schwarz, and Kate Noakes Transpositions, contextualising recent Dutch Australian art Perth, ISBN 0-9581859-1-3 Peters, Nonja The Dutch Down Under, 1606-2006 Crawley, W. A
3.
Adelaide
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Adelaide is the capital city of the state of South Australia, and the fifth-most populous city of Australia. In June 2016, Adelaide had a resident population of 1,326,354 million. South Australia, with a total of 1, the demonym Adelaidean is used in reference to the city and its residents. Adelaide is north of the Fleurieu Peninsula, on the Adelaide Plains between the Gulf St Vincent and the low-lying Mount Lofty Ranges which surround the city. Adelaide stretches 20 km from the coast to the foothills, and 94 to 104 km from Gawler at its northern extent to Sellicks Beach in the south. Named in honour of Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, queen consort to King William IV, Colonel William Light, one of Adelaides founding fathers, designed the city and chose its location close to the River Torrens, in the area originally inhabited by the Kaurna people. Lights design set out Adelaide in a layout, interspaced by wide boulevards and large public squares. Early Adelaide was shaped by prosperity and wealth—until the Second World War, it was Australias third-largest city and it has been noted for early examples of religious freedom, a commitment to political progressivism and civil liberties. It has been known as the City of Churches since the mid-19th century, as South Australias seat of government and commercial centre, Adelaide is the site of many governmental and financial institutions. Most of these are concentrated in the city centre along the boulevard of North Terrace, King William Street. Today, Adelaide is noted for its festivals and sporting events, its food and wine, its long beachfronts. It ranks highly in terms of liveability, being listed in the Top 10 of The Economist Intelligence Units Worlds Most Liveable Cities index in 2010,2011,2012 and 2015. It was also ranked the most liveable city in Australia by the Property Council of Australia in 2011,2012 and 2013, prior to its proclamation as a British settlement in 1836, the area around Adelaide was inhabited by the indigenous Kaurna Aboriginal nation. Kaurna culture and language was almost completely destroyed within a few decades of the European settlement of South Australia in 1836, however, extensive documentation by early missionaries and other researchers has enabled a modern revival of both language and culture. South Australia was officially proclaimed as a new British colony on 28 December 1836, the event is commemorated in South Australia as Proclamation Day. The site of the capital was surveyed and laid out by Colonel William Light. Adelaide was established as a colony of free immigrants, promising civil liberties and freedom from religious persecution. Wakefields idea was for the Government to survey and sell the land at a rate that would maintain land values high enough to be unaffordable for labourers and journeymen
4.
Art film
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An art film is typically a serious, independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience. Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as a film genre, art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres and film festivals. The term art film is more widely used in the United States, the UK and Australia than in Europe. A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to understand or appreciate such films. One mid-1990s art film was called largely a cerebral experience that one enjoys because of what you know about film and this contrasts sharply with mainstream blockbuster films, which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment. Since art films have small initial investment costs, they only need to appeal to a portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable. An art film may also be called an art movie, specialty film, art-house film, or, in the collective sense, there is overlap between the categories of art film, independent film and experimental film. The antecedents of art films included D. W. Griffiths Intolerance, the critics of the outside world praised these films. Art films were influenced by films by Spanish avant-garde creators, such as Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí. Cinéma Pur, a 1920s and 1930s French avant-garde film movement also influenced the development of the idea of art film, the cinema pur film movement included Dada artists, such as Man Ray, René Clair, and Marcel Duchamp. The Dadaists used film to transcend narrative conventions, bourgeois traditions, pure Cinema was influenced by such German absolute filmmakers as Hans Richter, Walter Ruttmann, and Viking Eggeling. Richter claimed that his 1921 film, Rhythmus 21, was the first abstract film ever created, nevertheless, Richters film Rhythmus 21 is considered an important early abstract film. William Siska argues that Italian neorealist films from the mid- to late-1940s, such as Open City, Paisa, Films shown in these art cinemas included. British, foreign-language, and independent American films, as well as documentaries, Films such as Rossellinis Open City and Mackendricks Tight Little Island, Bicycle Thieves and The Red Shoes were shown to substantial U. S. audiences. In the late 1950s, French filmmakers began to produce films that were influenced by Italian Neorealism and classical Hollywood cinema, auteur theory holds that the director is the author of his films, with a personal signature visible from film to film. The French New Wave movement continued into the 1960s, during the 1960s, the term art film began to be much more widely used in the United States than in Europe. In the U. S. the term is defined very broadly, to include foreign-language auteur films, independent films, experimental films, documentaries. In the 1960s art film became a euphemism in the U. S. for racy Italian, by the 1970s, the term was used to describe sexually explicit European films with artistic structure such as the Swedish film I Am Curious
5.
Dingo (film)
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Dingo is a 1991 Australian film directed by Rolf de Heer and written by Marc Rosenberg. It traces the pilgrimage of John Anderson, a guy with a passion for jazz, from his home in outback Western Australia to the jazz clubs of Paris, to meet his idol. In the films opening sequence, Davis and his band unexpectedly land on an airstrip in the Australian outback. The performance was one of Daviss last on film, christian Faure was the assistant director of the movie. Davis, who plays the role of Cross, provided the soundtrack in cooperation with Michel Legrand. Dingo grossed $132,500 at the box office in Australia, Dingo was released on DVD by Umbrella Entertainment in July 2005. The DVD is compatible with all region codes and includes features such as a new 5.1 channel soundtrack, trailers. Cinema of Australia South Australian Film Corporation Official website Dingo at the Internet Movie Database Dingo at the National Film and Sound Archive
6.
Miles Davis
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Miles Dewey Davis III was an American jazz trumpeter, bandleader, and composer. He is among the most influential and acclaimed figures in the history of jazz, with his ever-changing directions in music, Davis was at the forefront of a number of major stylistic developments in jazz over his five-decade career. In the early 1950s, Davis recorded some of the earliest hard bop music while on Prestige Records, after a widely acclaimed comeback performance at the Newport Jazz Festival in 1955, he signed a long-term contract with Columbia Records and recorded the 1957 album Round About Midnight. It was his first work with saxophonist John Coltrane and bassist Paul Chambers and his million-selling 1970 record Bitches Brew helped spark a resurgence in the genres commercial popularity with jazz fusion as the decade progressed. In 2006, Davis was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, Miles Dewey Davis III was born on May 26,1926 into an affluent middle class African-American family in Alton, Illinois,15 miles north of St. Louis. The second of three children, he had a sister, Dorothy Mae, and a younger brother. His father, Miles Dewey Davis II of Arkansas, was a dental surgeon who earned three college degrees, and his mother Cleota Mae Davis, also of Arkansas, was a music teacher. They owned a 200-acre estate near Pine Bluff, Arkansas where Davis and his siblings would ride horses, fish, and hunt. In 1927, the moved to East St. Louis, Illinois. From 1932 to 1934, Davis attended John Robinson Elementary School, an institution, followed by Crispus Attucks School where he performed well in mathematics, music. It was in East St. Louis and Pine Bluff that the young Davis developed his earliest appreciation for music, Davis later suggested that his fathers instrument choice was made largely to irk his wife, who disliked the trumpets sound. Against the fashion of the time, Buchanan stressed the importance of playing without vibrato, Davis would carry his clear signature tone throughout his career. He once remarked on its importance to him, saying, I prefer a round sound with no attitude in it, like a voice with not too much tremolo. If I cant get that sound I cant play anything, in 1939, the family moved to 1701 Kansas Avenue in East St. Louis. For his 13th birthday held that year, Davis father bought his son a new trumpet, around this time, Davis took additional trumpet lessons from Joseph Gustat, first chair of the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra. In 1941, the 15-year-old Davis began at East St. Louis Lincoln High School where he joined the marching band directed by Buchanan. Davis claimed the contests he did not win was largely down to prejudice over his race and it was at Lincoln High where Davis met his first girlfriend, Irene Cawthorn. Davis had formed his own group by this time, performing in local venues such as Huffs Beer Garden with hits such as In the Mood by Glenn Miller
7.
Michel Legrand
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Michel Legrand is a French musical composer, arranger, conductor, and jazz pianist. Legrand is a composer, having written over 200 film and television scores. He is best known for his haunting, jazz-tinged film music. His celebrated scores for the films of French New Wave director Jacques Demy, The Umbrellas of Cherbourg and The Young Girls of Rochefort, for The Thomas Crown Affair and its title song, The Windmills of Your Mind, Legrand won his first Oscar. Legrand was born in the Bécon les Bruyères district of Courbevoie and his father Raymond Legrand was a conductor and composer renowned for hits such as Irma la douce, and his mother was Marcelle Der Mikaëlian, who married Legrand Senior in 1929. His maternal grandfather was of Armenian descent and considered a member of the bourgeoisie, Legrand has composed more than two hundred film and television scores and several musicals and has made well over a hundred albums. He has won three Oscars and five Grammys and has been nominated for an Emmy and he was 22 when his first album, I Love Paris, became one of the best-selling instrumental albums ever released. He is a jazz and classical pianist and an accomplished arranger. Legrand graduated with top honors as both a composer and a pianist, Legrand has also contributed significant work in jazz. While on a visit to the U. S, the following year, back in Paris with bassist Guy Pedersen and percussionist Gus Wallez, he recorded an album of Paris-themed songs arranged for jazz piano trio, titled Paris Jazz Piano. Nearly a decade later he recorded At Shellys Manne-Hole, a trio session with bassist Ray Brown and drummer Shelly Manne. Legrand also provided an odd scat vocal on My Funny Valentine, Not as well received as his earlier work in the field of jazz was a 1994 album for LaserLight entitled Michel Plays Legrand. More recently, in 2002, he recorded a jazz piano album reworking 14 of his classic songs. His jazz piano style is virtuosic and eclectic, drawing upon such influences as Art Tatum, Erroll Garner, Oscar Peterson, in 1966, he made the arrangements of the international song Cest si bon by Henri Betti and André Hornez for the Barbra Streisand album Color Me Barbra. In 1948, his father Raymond Legrand had conducted the orchestra for the recording of song by Les Soeurs Étienne. A number of his songs, including What Are You Doing the Rest of Your Life, watch What Happens, The Summer Knows, and You Must Believe in Spring, have become jazz standards covered frequently by other artists. During various periods of work, Legrand became a conductor for orchestras in St. Petersburg, Florida, Vancouver, Montreal, Atlanta, Pittsburgh. Legrand has also recorded classical piano pieces by Erik Satie and American composers such as Amy Beach, George Gershwin, Aaron Copland, John Cage and he is a prolific recorder of jazz, popular and classical music albums, having released over one hundred
8.
Charlie's Country
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Charlies Country is a 2013 Australian drama film directed by Rolf de Heer. It was selected to compete in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival where David Gulpilil won the award for Best Actor, the film was selected as the Australian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 87th Academy Awards, but was not nominated. Charlie, an Aboriginal man who lives in Arnhem Land paints tree barks and fishes barramundi fish and he laments the loss of his culture in modern Australia. After his spear is confiscated by the police who think it is a weapon, he decides to leave his Aboriginal community and he falls ill and is rushed to the hospital in Darwin. Shortly after, he befriends a woman who buys alcohol illegally for other Aboriginals, as a result, he is sent to prison. Finally, he agrees to pass on traditional dances from his generation to the young Aboriginal boys, jane Howard of The Guardian wrote a good review of the film. She argued that the camera is often motionless and there is a sense of still photography to the work and she added that Gulpilis flawless acting carried the movie. In the Sydney Morning Herald, Paul Byrnes also praised his extraordinary grace and he added, The level of trust between actor and director here is part of the reason this work will live on. In Variety, Eddie Cockrell praised the cinematography, concluding, The tech package is seamless, ian Jones’ widescreen photography immerses the viewer in the Australian outback, while Graham Tardif’s plaintive score emphasizes both the dignity and the anguish of Charlie’s all-too-common plight. In The Australian, Evan Williams called it a film, beautifully made, at times unbearably sad. He added that some scenes were likely to provoke racism in some viewers, however, writing for the ABC, Jason Di Rosso wrote a negative review. He called it, another disappointment in that category of ambitious Australian filmmaking that’s about trying to make art and he added that the film lacked ambiguity adding that there are thinly drawn racist characters and an inability to render different tones in the one visual idea
9.
Un Certain Regard
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Un Certain Regard (French pronunciation, is a section of the Cannes Film Festivals official selection. It is run at the salle Debussy, parallel to the competition for the Palme dOr and this section was introduced in 1978 by Gilles Jacob. The name literally means a certain glance, but is understood by French speakers to mean from another point of view, here it means films with various types of visions and styles, which tell their stories in nontraditional ways. This section presents 20 original and different works which seek international recognition, since 2005, the prize consists of €30,000 financed by the Groupama GAN Foundation. * Denotes first win for a country
10.
2014 Cannes Film Festival
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The 67th annual Cannes Film Festival was held from 14 to 25 May 2014. New Zealand film director Jane Campion was the head of the jury for the competition section. The Palme dOr was awarded to the Turkish film Winter Sleep directed by Nuri Bilge Ceylan, the festival opened with the long delayed Grace of Monaco, directed by Olivier Dahan and starring Nicole Kidman as Grace Kelly, which played out of competition. The restored 4K version of Sergio Leones 1964 western A Fistful of Dollars, served as the closing night film. Due to European Parliament elections taking place on 25 May 2014, the winner of the Palme dOr was announced on 24 May, the Official Selection of films for the 2014 festival, including the line-up for the Main Competition, was announced on 17 April 2014. French actor Lambert Wilson hosted the opening and closing ceremonies, the films announced to compete for the Palme dOr were named at the Cannes press conference on 17 April 2014. Party Girl, directed by Marie Amachoukeli, Claire Burger and Samuel Theis, was selected as the film in the Un Certain Regard section. Italian film A passo duomo by Giovanni Aloi was removed from the selection because Aloi broke the regulations for the selection, the Cinéfondation section focuses on films made by students at film schools. The following 16 entries were selected, out of more than 1,631 submissions from 320 different schools, half of the films selected have been directed by women. The line-up for the International Critics Week was announced on 21 April at the sections website, FLA, directed by Djinn Carrénard, and Hippocrate, directed by Thomas Lilti, were selected as the opening and closing films of the Semaine de la Critique section. Feature films Special Screenings Shorts selection The line-up for the Directors Fortnight was announced on 22 April, girlhood, directed by Céline Sciamma, and Pride, directed by Matthew Warchus, were selected as the opening and closing films of the Directors Fortnight section. Feature films Special screenings Shorts selection The line-up for the Cannes Classics section was announced on 4 April 2014, italian actress Sophia Loren was announced as the guest of honour. Director Nuri Bilge Ceylan called the win a surprise for me and dedicated the win to the youth of Turkey as the country undergoes political turmoil. Prior to the start of Cannes, Winter Sleep was considered the favorite to win the Palme dOr, some found it to be too long and difficult to finish, while others called it a great revelation. The jury, however, loved the film, Jury president Jane Campion said If I had the guts to be as honest about his characters as this director is, Id be very proud of myself. Winter Sleep is the story of Mr. Aydin, an actor who now runs mountaintop hotel. Aydin sees himself as the regions kind ruler, intervening in the business of the people below the mountain. In reality, almost everyone, including his wife, dislikes Aydin and he has a pompous column in the local newspaper and is writing a book on history of the Turkish theatre
11.
Cannes Film Festival
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Founded in 1946, the invitation-only festival is held annually at the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès. On 1 July 2014, co-founder and former head of French pay-TV operator Canal+ Pierre Lescure took over as President of the festival, the Board of Directors also appointed Gilles Jacob as Honorary President of the festival. The 2016 Cannes Film Festival took place between 11 and 22 May 2016, australian film director George Miller was the President of the Jury. I, Daniel Blake, directed by British director Ken Loach, in 2017, The Festival de Cannes will celebrate its 70th anniversary edition from May 17 to 28. In 1947, the festival was held as the Festival du film de Cannes, at that time the principle of equality was introduced, with a jury made up of only one representative per country. The festival is now held at the Palais des Festivals, expressly constructed for the occasion, although for its 1949 inaugural the roof was unfinished, the festival was not held in 1948 and 1950 on account of budgetary problems. Although its origins may be attributed in part to the French desire to compete with Autumns Venice Film Festival, in 1955, the Palme dOr was created, replacing the Grand Prix du Festival which had been given until that year. In 1957, Dolores del Rio was the first female member of the jury as a Sélection officielle – Member, in 1959, the Marché du Film was founded, giving the festival a commercial character and facilitating exchanges between sellers and buyers in the film industry. Today it has become the first international platform for film commerce, in 1962, the International Critics Week was born, created by the French Union of Film Critics as the first parallel section of the Cannes Film Festival. Its goal was to showcase first and second works by directors all over the world. In 1965, an hommage was paid to Jean Cocteau after his death, the next year, Olivia de Havilland was named the first female president of the festival. The 1968 festival was halted on 19 May, some directors, such as Carlos Saura and Miloš Forman, had withdrawn their films from the competition. The filmmakers achieved the reinstatement of the President, and they founded the Film Directors Society that same year, during the 1970s, important changes occurred in the Festival. In 1972, Robert Favre Le Bret was named the new President and he immediately introduced an important change in the selection of the participating films. Until that date, the different countries chose which films would represent them in the festival, Bessy created one committee to select French films, and another for foreign films. In 1978, Gilles Jacob assumed the President position, introducing the Caméra dOr award, in 1983, a new, much bigger Palais des Festivals et des Congrès was built to host the Festival. It was nicknamed The Bunker and provoked many reactions against it, in 1984, Pierre Viot replaced Robert Favre Le Bret as President of the Festival. It was not until 1995 that Gilles Jacob created the last section of the Official Selection and its aim was to support the creation of works of cinema in the world and to contribute to the entry of the new scenario writers in the circle of the celebrities
12.
2013 Adelaide Film Festival
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The 6th Adelaide Film Festival took place in Adelaide, Australia, from 10 to 20 October 2013. This was Amanda Duthies first year as Festival Director, having taken over from Katrina Sedgwick, margaret Pomeranz and David Stratton served as the festival’s patrons. Scott Hicks received the 2013 Don Dunstan Award for his contribution to the Australian film industry, the poster this year depicts Screen Worship, which celebrates work for all screens—cinema, television, phone and computer. The 2013 festival ran alongside the Adelaide Festival of Ideas for the first time, the festival featured 166 titles from 48 countries, including 28 world premieres,47 Australian premieres and 34 South Australian projects. The line-up included 14 works which were supported by the Adelaide Film Festival Investment Fund, the festival opened with Tracks and with no less than two camels on the red carpet with Robyn Davidson, the author of the book on which John Curran’s film is based. The festival closed with A Story of Children and Film directed by Mark Cousins, the Turkish film Jin, directed and written by Reha Erdem, was the winner of the Foxtel Movies International Award for Best Feature Film. This was the first time the Adelaide Film Festival offered a Best Documentary Award and it was sponsored by Flinders University and the inaugural award went to Blush of Fruit. The Best Documentary Award The Best Documentary Award was won by the Vietnamese/Australian film Blush of Fruit, Audience Award The Audience Award for Most Popular Feature was won by Charlies Country. The Audience Award for Most Popular Documentary was won by Once My Mother, the Audience Award for Most Popular Short was won by The Gallant Captain. Don Dunstan Award The Don Dunstan Award was won by Scott Hicks
13.
2006 Cannes Film Festival
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The 2006 Cannes Film Festival ran from 17 May 2006 to 28 May 2006. Twenty films from countries were in competition for the Palme dOr. The President of the Official Jury was Wong Kar-wai, the first Chinese director to preside over the jury, english director Ken Loach won Palme dOr, with his movie The Wind That Shakes the Barley. Other winners were Pedro Almodóvar and Alejandro González Iñárritu and this also marked the first time in three years that no American film, actor, actress, or filmmaker won any awards in Cannes. The festival opened with the screening of The Da Vinci Code. Journalists gave the film a cool reception at its first press screening, transylvania by Tony Gatlif closed the festival. Paris, je taime opened the Un Certain Regard section of the festival, Wong Kar-wai, President Helena Bonham Carter Monica Bellucci Samuel L
14.
AACTA Awards
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The Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts Awards, known as the AACTA Awards, are presented annually by the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts. The awards recognise excellence of professionals in the film and television industry and it is the most prestigious awards ceremony for the Australian film and television industry. They are generally considered to be the Australian counterpart of the Academy Awards, the awards, previously called Australian Film Institute Awards or AFI Awards, began in 1958 and involved 30 nominations across six categories. They expanded in 1986 to cover television as well as film, the AACTA Awards were instituted in 2011. As of 2011, the Australian awards take place at the Sydney Opera House in Sydney and they were instituted in 1958, as a way to improve the impoverished state of Australian cinema, and was part of the Melbourne International Film Festival until 1972. Between 1958–1980, submitted films were presented with a gold, silver or bronze prize, and in some circumstances, a Grand Prix award, which was the highest honour a film could receive. Additionally, films were presented with a gold or silver medallion for technical achievements. Up until 1970, prizes were handed out in recognition of the film and production, rather than achievements of individual filmmakers and crafts people. In 1977 feature film categories became competitive, while non-feature films continued to be awarded the gold, silver and bronze prizes until 1981, in 1976 the awards were broadcast live on television for the first time on the Nine Network at the Hilton Hotel in Melbourne. In 1986 television categories were introduced, presenting awards for mini-series and telefeatures before expanding to dramas, in June 2011, the AFI announced an industry consultation for an Australian Academy. The aim of the Academy is to create awareness for Australian film in local and international markets, the name of the new Academy was revealed on 18 August 2011 as the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts, with the awards renamed to the AACTA Awards. The date change was made to align the awards with the awards season. At the time of the inception, a jury of five judges, composed of film critics and filmmakers. In 1976, the system was replaced by a peer voting process for feature films which would allow public members the right to vote in the Best Film category. The nominees and winners were later peer-voted by a jury which was made up of representatives from all industry crafts, including members of guilds, who have a professional membership with the AFI. When the AFI announced the launch of the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts, the fifteen Chapters consist of professionals from industry guilds and organisations including actors, producers, directors and screenwriters. All television and non-feature film awards, and feature film pre-selection are determined by juries, members of the Australian Film Institute are eligible to vote in the Best Short Fiction Film, Best Short Animation and Audience Choice award categories only. The votes are audited by accounting firm Ernst and Young from 2011, throughout the history of the awards there have been several differently designed awards given to winners
15.
Venice Film Festival
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The film festival is part of the Venice Biennale, which was founded by the Venetian City Council in 1895. The film festival has taken place in late August or early September on the island of the Lido, Venice. Screenings take place in the historic Palazzo del Cinema on the Lungomare Marconi, since its inception the Venice Film Festival has grown into one of the most prestigious film festivals in the world. The 74th Venice International Film Festival is scheduled to be held from 30 August to 9 September 2017, the first edition of the Venice Film Festival was carried out from the 6 to the 21 of August in 1932. The festival began with an idea of the president of the Venice Biennale Count Giuseppe Volpi di Misurata and Luciano De Feo, with good reason, the festival was considered the first international event of its type, receiving strong support from authorities. This first edition was held on the terrace of the Hotel Excelsior on the Venice Lido, and at that stage it was not a competitive event. The very first film to be shown in the history of the Festival was Rouben Mamoulians Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, the second edition was held two years later, from 1 to 20 of August in 1934. For the first time it included a competition, at least 19 countries took part with over 300 accredited journalists. The Mussolini Cup was introduced for best foreign film and best Italian film, other awards were the Great Gold Medals of the National Fascist Association for Entertainment to best actor and actress. The prize for best foreign film went to Robert J. Flahertys Man of Aran and was a confirmation of the taste of the time for auteur documentaries, starting in 1935, the Festival became a yearly event under the direction of Ottavio Croze. The actors award was renamed Volpi Cup, in 1936 an international jury was nominated for the first time and in 1937 the new Cinema Palace, designed by the architect Luigi Quagliata, was inaugurated. The 1940s represent one of the most difficult moments for the review, the conclusion of the Second World War divides the decade in two. Before 1938 political pressures distorted and ruined the festival, in addition, few countries participated and there was an absolute monopoly of institutions and directors that were members of the Rome-Berlin Axis. The festival resumed full speed in 1946, after the war, with the return of normalcy, Venice once again became a great icon of the film world. In 1947 the festival was held at the Doges Palace, a most magnificent backdrop for hosting a record 90 thousand participants, surely it can be considered one of the greatest editions in the history of the festival. For the next twenty years the festival continued its development and expansion in accordance with the plan set in motion after the war. In 1963 the winds of change blow strongly during Luigi Chiarini’s directorship of the festival, during the years of his presidency, Chiarini aspired to renew the spirit and the structures of the festival, pushing for a total reorganization of the entire system. The social and political unrest of 1968 had strong repercussions on the Venice Bienniale, from 1969 to 1979 no prizes were awarded and the festival returned to the non-competitiveness of the first edition
16.
Seminci
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Valladolid International Film Festival is a film festival held annually in Valladolid, Spain since 1956. Nowadays the festival is regarded as one of the most important in the specialty of independent film and it has introduced directors and cinematographers who were previously unknown there. Valladolid, through various loopholes in state censorship, was able to present films that would otherwise have been impossible to see in Spain. Much the same occurred with distribution on the circuit at the end of the 1960s. Even after the death of Franco in 1975, Valladolid continued to be the ground for films which had been banned. For example, the premiere in Spain of Kubricks A Clockwork Orange at the 1975 festival is still recalled as a landmark, as one of Europes oldest festivals, Valladolid has always been characterised by its willingness to take risks and to innovate in its programming. It has also been keen to critically examine each new school or movement as it has arisen, whether it be German, Polish, Chinese, Canadian or otherwise. Between 1984 and 2004, a team headed by Fernando Lara contributed to the growth of the range and scope of the festival so that fiction and documentaries play alongside animations. Between April 2005 and April 2008, Argentine film critic and writer Juan Carlos Frugone took over the reins of the festival, in June 2008, journalist Javier Angulo was appointed new director
17.
Incident at Raven's Gate
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Incident at Ravens Gate is a 1988 science fiction arthouse feature film directed by prominent Australian director Rolf de Heer. On a farming property called Ravens Gate, enthusiastic hydroponicist Richard Cleary is trying innovative farming practices and he is also trying to accommodate his brother Eddie, newly out of gaol and more interested in Richards wife Rachel than in working on the property. Strange events on the property and a crime in the town attract policeman Taylor. Eddie has the misfortune to also cross local cop Skinner, by dating the target of his affections, tensions in personal relationships and mysterious events build to a climax that sees Ravens Gate assaulted by an alien force, and a number of deaths amongst the protagonists. The film closes with the stunned survivors Eddie and Rachel standing outside Ravens Gate homestead, newly restored by Special Branch, and the soundtrack playing the Easybeats song Friday on My Mind. A genre-crossing film by Rolf de Heer, Incident at Ravens Gate was made in South Australia, with South Australian Film Corporation support and it was co-produced by de Heer and Marc Rosenberg, who together also wrote the script from a screenplay by James Michael Vernon. It was filmed in South Australias Riverland and Murraylands, and Carrington, the film is part thriller, part science fiction, and part psychological drama. The movie was shot on location in South Australia, the movie achieved only limited release and did not receive the critical acclaim of many other de Heer films. It nevertheless managed three nominations at the 1988 Australian Film Institute Awards, director Rolf de Heer would later go on to win several AFI awards, including Best Film, for his 2006 release Ten Canoes. Cinema of Australia Hutak, M. Incident at Ravens Gate, Film News, April, Incident at Ravens Gate, Variety, August. Incident at Ravens Gate at Vertigo Productions, de Heers production company Incident at Ravens Gate at Oz Movies Encounter at Ravens Gate at the Internet Movie Database
18.
Bad Boy Bubby
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Bad Boy Bubby is a 1994 Australian-Italian black comedy/drama film written and directed by Rolf de Heer. It stars Nicholas Hope and Carmel Johnson, Bubby is a 35-year-old man who has never set foot outside his mothers dingy apartment in the back of a printing press in an industrial area of Adelaide. In addition to beating and sexually abusing him, she confines him to the apartment, telling him that the air outside is poisonous, Bubby eventually escapes, joins up with a rock band, and embarks on a journey of self-discovery and shocking mayhem. For most of the 1980s, de Heer collected ideas and wrote them on index cards, in 1987, he took a hiatus from making Bubby index cards, but in 1989 he resumed work. Sometime between 1989 and 1990, he saw the short film Confessor Caressor starring Nicholas Hope and tracked him down, in 1991, he began work on the actual script. After he heard a rumour about the reintroduction of the penalty to Australia, de Heer was angered. This ending was scrapped when the rumour proved to be false, the people with cerebral palsy Bubby meets at the 1 hour 30 minute mark are not actors, but actual disabled people. This method gave the track a unique sound that closely resembled what the character would actually be hearing. The film also used 31 individual directors of photography to shoot different scenes, no director of photography was allowed to refer to the work of the others. On 23 April 2007, Eureka Entertainment released Bad Boy Bubby on DVD for the UK market with all scenes intact, on the Blue Underground DVD, director Rolf de Heer claims that Bubby was the second highest grossing film in Norway in 1995, second only to Batman Forever. In the UK, it was cut for cruelty to a cat, the film was released on DVD in April 2005 by the Blue Underground company, and a special Two Disc Collectors Edition was also released in June 2005 by Umbrella Entertainment. Bad Boy Bubby grossed $808,789 at the box office in Australia, david Stratton, film critic for The Movie Show praised Bad Boy Bubby. He awarded the five stars out of five, remarking. I really think its a milestone in Australian cinema
19.
The Quiet Room
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The Quiet Room is a 1996 Australian drama film directed by Rolf de Heer. It was entered into the 1996 Cannes Film Festival, the Quiet Room centers on an unnamed little girl and how she deals with her parents crumbling marriage. The film focuses entirely on her point of view and although she is silent for most of the film, we hear her thoughts. The little girl has chosen to become mute as a way to protest her parents constant fighting and her parents, more concerned with their own issues, believe their daughter is just going through a phase. The film shows how very young children can be extremely cognizant of problems that are going on in their own homes even when their parents try hard to shield them from everything. The girl learns other ways to communicate with her parents, through her drawings she expresses her desire of owning a dog and how she believes they will be happier as a family if they lived in the country instead of in their tiny apartment in the city. During flashbacks, we see when her parents were happy and still in love, the girl, perhaps intentionally as a way to cope, confuses tenses. But even then, she catches glimpses of her parents dysfunctional relationship and her parents dont notice she is in the room but the memory leaves a long lasting impression on her. In the present, her anxiety manifests itself through waking nightmares where she imagines wild animals escaping from the zoo, at the end of the film, she hides herself in her parents wardrobe to escape their bickering. After a while, she falls asleep in an uncomfortable position, when she wakes up, she is too stiff to move. Unable to escape on her own, the girl finally breaks down and calls out for help and her parents. The girl gives her parents one last drawing, in it, she successfully conveys her feelings of being overwhelmed by her parents constant fighting and how she feels less motivated to speak the more she hears them argue. As she hands it to them, she says, This is how I feel, thats how you make me feel. Finally hearing their daughter for the first time and realizing the effect their behavior has on hers, when they also promise her a dog, she becomes so ecstatic that she starts singing incessantly and dancing around her room. Official website The Quiet Room at the Internet Movie Database
20.
Epsilon (film)
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Epsilon is a 1995 science fiction film that was directed by Rolf de Heer. It features Ulli Birve and Syd Brisbane, the extended version of the film runs for 92 minutes and was distributed by Miramax. The film tells the story of a female that was sent from the planet Epsilon to judge how humans have managed the planet. She crash lands naked in a desert, but is found by a surveyor who gives her some clothes and she informs the surveyor that other alien races consider humans to be failures that suffer from carelessness and greed. She has the ability to transport herself and the surveyor instantly to any location, eventually the two fall in love. De Heer came up with the idea for the film while driving to dinner at a friends house, official website Epsilon at the Internet Movie Database
21.
Dance Me to My Song
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Dance Me to My Song is a 1998 Australian drama film directed by Rolf de Heer. It was entered into the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, the film grossed $175,138 at the box office in Australia. Heather Rose described her intention to make the screenplay not just another soppy disability film, roger Ebert described the film as one where the human will and spirit overwhelm you. David Stratton describes the film as a warm, positive, affirmation of life, an article in Australian Feminist Studies discusses the film in the genre of womens films
22.
The Sound of One Hand Clapping (film)
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The Sound of One Hand Clapping is a 1998 Australian drama film directed by Richard Flanagan, based on the novel of the same name. It was entered into the 48th Berlin International Film Festival, the film was shot in Hobart, Tasmania. Michnik Julie Forsyth as Mrs. Heaney Jane Borghesi as Maja Picotti Richard Flanagan originally wrote the story as a screenplay but was unable to get it financed and he then adapted it into a novel. This attracted interest from financiers and Flanagan asked Rolf de Heer to direct, de Heer did not feel he was appropriate, the Sound of One Hand Clapping at the Internet Movie Database
23.
The Tracker
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The Tracker is an Australian drama film produced in 2002. It was directed and written by Rolf de Heer and it is set in 1922 in outback Australia where a racist white colonial policeman used the tracking ability of an Indigenous Australian tracker to find the murderer of a white woman. The tagline is All men choose the path they walk, an Aboriginal man is accused of murdering a white woman, and three white men are on a mission to capture him with the help of an experienced Native man. Meanwhile, the motives of the tracker remain elusive, and despite their relentless pursuit the men seem to be a half-day behind their quarry. After the death of one of the men, and a mutiny, what endgame awaits for the group. De Heer used a small film crew, saying that “Its all a much better process. ”. Film review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes assessed the film at 88% on its tomatometers with an average 7. 1/10 rating, renowned film critic Roger Ebert gave the film three-and-a-half stars out of four calling the film haunting and the performances powerful. David Stratton described the film as remarkable
24.
Alexandra's Project
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Alexandras Project is a 2003 Australian drama/thriller film written and directed by Rolf de Heer and starring Gary Sweet and Helen Buday. Upon returning home from work on his birthday, Steve, a middle class husband and he notices a chair, his television set, and a video tape obviously set out for his viewing. He turns the TV and VCR on, and begins to watch a tape made for him by his wife, Alexandra. The first clip shows his wife and children wishing him a birthday, but after the kids leave the room, Alexandra begins a striptease. As it progresses, however, it clear that the tape is designed to humiliate. As part of her show, Alexandra feigns breast cancer, has sex with their neighbor, the films World premiere was 14 February 2003 as part of the Berlin International Film Festival and was released regularly as Cinema release on 8 May 2003 in Australia. Alexandras Project took $844,494 at the box office in Australia which is equivalent to $996,503 in 2009 dollars, Film review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes assessed the film at 50% on its tomatometer with an average 5. 4/10 rating. The Cultural Post gave it three out of five stars, Cinema of Australia South Australian Film Corporation Official website Alexandras Project at the National Film and Sound Archive Alexandras Project at the Internet Movie Database
25.
Ten Canoes
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Ten Canoes is a 2006 Australian period drama film directed by Rolf de Heer and Peter Djigirr and starring Crusoe Kurddal. The title of the film arose from discussions between de Heer and David Gulpilil about a photograph of ten canoeists poling across the Arafura Swamp and it is the first ever movie entirely filmed in Australian Aboriginal languages. The film is set in Arnhem Land, in a time before Western contact, the leader of the group, Minygululu, tells the young Dayindi a story about another young man even further back in time who, like Dayindi, coveted his elder brothers youngest wife. The sequences featuring Dayindi and the hunt are in black and white, all protagonists speak in indigenous languages of the Yolŋu Matha language group, with subtitles. The film is narrated in English by David Gulpilil, although versions of the film without narration, Minygululu tells a story of the great warrior Ridjimiraril, who suspects a visiting stranger of kidnapping his second wife. In a case of identity, Ridjimiraril kills a member of a neighbouring tribe. To prevent all-out war, tribal laws dictate that the offending tribe allow the offender to be speared from a distance by the tribe of the slain man, the offender is allowed to be accompanied by a companion, and he takes his younger brother. Whenever one of the two is hit, the spear-throwers will stop, and justice will have been served, Ridjimiraril is hit and mortally wounded but survives long enough to return to his camp, where he is tended to by his eldest wife. After he finally succumbs, the brothers kidnapped second wife finds her way back to the camp. She reveals that she had been kidnapped by a different tribe and she mourns her lost husband, who had attacked the wrong tribe, though now she and the elder wife take his younger brother as their new husband. The younger brother, who was interested in the youngest of the three wives, now has to care for all of them, and satisfying their many. Crusoe Kurddal is from Maningrida and speaks Gunwinggu, other actors and actresses from Ramingining speak various dialects of the Yolngu Matha language family. De Heer rejected claims he is a director making an indigenous story, People talk about. Theyre telling the story, largely, and Im the mechanism by which they can, Ten Canoes was screened at the Sydney Film Festival in June 2006 and was released nationally on 29 June 2006. Following Floating Life in 1996 and La Spagnola in 2001, Ten Canoes was nominated for seven Australian Film Institute awards, of which it won six. The movie won the awards for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Screenplay - Original, Best Cinematography, Best Editing and it was also nominated for Best Production Design. It won three awards from the Film Critics Circle of Australia, Best Film, Best Editing, the film was also nominated for Best Director and Best Original Screenplay. This aspect has been explored by academic D. Bruno Starrs with regard to the authentic Aboriginal voice, at the end of 2006, the film stood as one of the highest grossing Australian films of that year
26.
Dr. Plonk
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Dr Plonk is a 2007 Australian silent sci-fi comedy film written and directed by Rolf de Heer. It premiered in Australia in at the 2007 Adelaide Film Festival and had live accompaniment by the Stiletto Sisters, the film was also screened at the launch of Australias National Film and Sound Archives new cinema, Arc, in August 2007. Its public cinema release is 30 August 2007, the film, set primarily in 1907, has been described as a time-travelling satire. The Adelaide Film Festival program described it as a black and white, silent comedy shot with a camera and brimming with romance, action and especially. Its score was composed by Graham Tardif and it is also notable for a cameo appearance by the South Australian Premier, Mike Rann, playing the 2007 Prime Minister. The story focuses on Dr Plonk, a scientist and inventor who, in 1907, however, he is ridiculed for his beliefs and so invents a time machine in order to collect evidence from the future to prove his case. But each visit he makes to 2007 only causes him more problems, Dr Plonk was distributed in Australia by Palace Films. Dr Plonk grossed $83,450 at the box office in Australia, Dr. Plonk received mixed to positive reviews from critics and audiences. Despite currently having no approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, the received an Audience rating of 68%. Urban Cinefile Critics gave a review, Beyond its novelty value, Dr Plonk is fresh and funny, wacky and outlandish as it combines slapstick, situation comedy. Cinema of Australia South Australian Film Corporation Dr. Plonk at the Internet Movie Database Official Palace Films Website Adelaide Film Festival Dr Plonk
27.
The Age
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The Age is a daily newspaper that has been published in Melbourne, Australia, since 1854. It is delivered in both hardcopy and online formats, the newspaper shares many articles with other Fairfax Media metropolitan daily newspapers, such as The Sydney Morning Herald. As at February 2017, The Age had a weekday circulation of 88,000. The Sunday Age had a circulation of 123,000 and these represented year-on-year declines of 8% to 9%. The Ages website, according to third-party web analytics providers Alexa and SimilarWeb, is the 44th and 58th most visited website in Australia respectively, SimilarWeb rates the site as the seventh most visited news website in Australia, attracting more than 7 million visitors per month. The newspaper went compact in March 2013, with the Saturday and Sunday editions retaining the broadsheet format, on 22/23 February 2014, the final weekend edition were produced in broadsheet format with these too converted to compact format on 1/2 March 2014. The Ages parent company Chief executive officer, Greg Hywood, has foreshadowed the end of the print edition of the newspaper, with some analysts saying this will occur during 2017. The Age was founded by three Melbourne businessmen, the brothers John and Henry Cooke, who had arrived from New Zealand in the 1840s, the first edition appeared on 17 October 1854. The first edition under the new owners was on 17 June 1856, Ebenezer Syme was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly shortly after buying The Age, and his brother David Syme soon came to dominate the paper, editorially and managerially. When Ebenezer died in 1860, David became editor-in-chief, a position he retained until his death in 1908, in 1891, Syme bought out Ebenezers heirs and McEwans and became sole proprietor. He built up The Age into Victorias leading newspaper, in circulation, it soon overtook its rivals The Herald and The Argus, and by 1890 it was selling 100,000 copies a day, making it one of the worlds most successful newspapers. Under Symes control The Age exercised enormous political power in Victoria, Syme was originally a free trader, but converted to protectionism through his belief that Victoria needed to develop its manufacturing industries behind tariff barriers. In the 1890s, The Age was a supporter of Australian federation. After Symes death the paper remained in the hands of his three sons, with his eldest son Herbert Syme becoming general manager until his death in 1939, by the 1940s, the papers circulation was smaller than it had been in 1900, and its political influence also declined. Although it remained more liberal than the extremely conservative Argus, it lost much of its political identity. The historian Sybil Nolan writes, Accounts of The Age in these years generally suggest that the paper was second-rate, walker described a newspaper which had fallen asleep in the embrace of the Liberal Party, querulous, doddery and turgid are some of the epithets applied by other journalists. In 1942, David Symes last surviving son, Oswald Syme and he modernised the papers appearance and standards of news coverage. A takeover attempt by the Warwick Fairfax family, publishers of The Sydney Morning Herald, was beaten off and this new lease on life allowed The Age to recover commercially, and in 1957 it received a great boost when The Argus ceased publication
28.
IMDb
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In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc, who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes. As of January 2017, IMDb has approximately 4.1 million titles and 7.7 million personalities in its database, the site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Although all data is checked before going live, the system has open to abuse. The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users, IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20,2017. Anyone with a connection can read the movie and talent pages of IMDb. A registration process is however, to contribute info to the site. A registered user chooses a name for themselves, and is given a profile page. These badges range from total contributions made, to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, if a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry, and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO. Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and this fee enrolls them in a membership called IMDbPro. PRO can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is $19.99 USD per month, or if paid annually, $149.99, which comes to approximately $12.50 per month USD. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in PRO for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as a user, and contribute to the site as well as enjoy its content, however those users enrolled in PRO have greater access and privileges. IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled Those Eyes, others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an Actors List, while Dave Knight began a Directors List, and Andy Krieg took over THE LIST from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the Actress List. Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, the goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible. By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17,1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, at the time, it was known as the rec. arts. movies movie database
29.
Integrated Authority File
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The Integrated Authority File or GND is an international authority file for the organisation of personal names, subject headings and corporate bodies from catalogues. It is used mainly for documentation in libraries and increasingly also by archives, the GND is managed by the German National Library in cooperation with various regional library networks in German-speaking Europe and other partners. The GND falls under the Creative Commons Zero license, the GND specification provides a hierarchy of high-level entities and sub-classes, useful in library classification, and an approach to unambiguous identification of single elements. It also comprises an ontology intended for knowledge representation in the semantic web, available in the RDF format
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Virtual International Authority File
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The Virtual International Authority File is an international authority file. It is a joint project of national libraries and operated by the Online Computer Library Center. The project was initiated by the US Library of Congress, the German National Library, the National Library of France joined the project on October 5,2007. The project transitions to a service of the OCLC on April 4,2012, the aim is to link the national authority files to a single virtual authority file. In this file, identical records from the different data sets are linked together, a VIAF record receives a standard data number, contains the primary see and see also records from the original records, and refers to the original authority records. The data are available online and are available for research and data exchange. Reciprocal updating uses the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting protocol, the file numbers are also being added to Wikipedia biographical articles and are incorporated into Wikidata. VIAFs clustering algorithm is run every month, as more data are added from participating libraries, clusters of authority records may coalesce or split, leading to some fluctuation in the VIAF identifier of certain authority records
31.
Peter Weir
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Peter Lindsay Weir, AM is an Australian film director. The climax of Weirs early career was the $6 million multi-national production The Year of Living Dangerously, for his work on these five films, Weir personally accrued six Academy Award nominations as either a director, writer or producer. Since 2003, Weirs productivity has declined, having directed only one subsequent feature. Weir was born in Sydney, the son of Peggy and Lindsay Weir, Weir attended The Scots College and Vaucluse Boys High School before studying arts and law at the University of Sydney. His interest in film was sparked by his meeting with students, including Phillip Noyce. After leaving university in the mid-1960s he joined Sydney television station ATN-7, during this period, using station facilities, he made his first two experimental short films, Count Vims Last Exercise and The Life and Flight of Reverend Buckshotte. He also directed one section of the three-part, three-director feature film Three To Go, homesdale and Weirs two aforementioned CFU shorts have been released on DVD. It was a success in cinemas but proved very popular on the then-thriving drive-in circuit. It also helped launch the career of internationally renowned Australian cinematographer Russell Boyd and it was widely acclaimed by critics, many of whom praised it as a welcome antidote to the so-called ocker film genre, typified by The Adventures of Barry McKenzie and Alvin Purple. Weirs next film, The Last Wave was a thriller about a man who begins to experience terrifying visions of an impending natural disaster. The Last Wave was a pensive, ambivalent work that expanded on themes from Picnic and it co-starred the Aboriginal actor David Gulpilil, whose performance won the Golden Ibex at the Tehran International Festival in 1977, but it was only a moderate commercial success at the time. Between The Last Wave and his feature, Weir wrote. It starred Australian actors Judy Morris and Ivar Kants and was filmed in just three weeks, inspired by a real-life experience told to him by friends, it is a black comedy about a woman whose life is disrupted by a subtly menacing plumber. Weir scored a major Australian hit and further international praise with his next film, scripted by the Australian playwright David Williamson, it is regarded as classic Australian cinema. Gallipoli was instrumental in making Mel Gibson into a star, although his co-star Mark Lee. The film also won Linda Hunt an Oscar for Best Actress in a Supporting Role. The film was produced by Jim McElroy, who with his brother Hal McElroy had also produced Weirs first three films, The Cars That Ate Paris, Picnic at Hanging Rock and The Last Wave. These dramatic parts provided Harrison Ford with important opportunities to break the typecasting of his roles in the Star Wars
32.
Fred Schepisi
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Frederic Alan Fred Schepisi, AO is an Australian film director, producer and screenwriter. His credits include The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith, Plenty, Roxanne, Six Degrees of Separation, Mr. Baseball and Last Orders. Frederic Alan Schepisi was born in Melbourne, Victoria, the son of Loretto Ellen and Frederic Thomas Schepisi and he began his career in advertising and directed both commercials and documentaries before making his first feature film, The Devils Playground, in 1976. Schepisi won the Australian Film Institute Award for Best Direction and the Australian Film Institute Award for Best Screenplay for both The Devils Playground and Evil Angels, in 1991 his film The Russia House was nominated for the Golden Bear at the 41st Berlin International Film Festival. In 2007 he was the Chairman of the Jury at the 29th Moscow International Film Festival, in April 2008 it was announced Film Finance Corporation Australia was providing funding for Schepisis film The Last Man, about the final days of the Vietnam War. It was scheduled to begin filming in Queensland, with Guy Pearce and David Wenham in leading roles, in 2011 Schepisi directed The Eye of the Storm. Filmed in Melbourne, Sydney and Far North Queensland, and based on the novel by Patrick White, The Eye of the Storm stars Charlotte Rampling, Judy Davis, the story is about children finally understanding themselves through the context of family. In 2012 he directed Words and Pictures starring Juliet Binoche and Clive Owen, Schepisi has also directed a number of music videos, including for the 2008 song Breathe by Kaz James featuring Stu Stone. Asked about the existence of a filmmaker, Schepisi has said. I think were todays circus people and its very hard on your family. Mary travels with me and when everyone was younger and it was possible, I liked them to travel with me, fortunately, Marys an artist, she paints, and often finds inspiration from our locations. Schepisi has seven children and one grandchild. Fred Schepisi has been married three times and has seven children, joan gave him four children, his second wife Rhonda died of cancer, after giving him two more children. His third wife, Mary, whom he married in 1984 and he supports Australia becoming a republic and is a founding member of the Australian Republican Movement. The Devils Playground The Chant of Jimmie Blacksmith Barbarosa Iceman Plenty Roxanne Evil Angels The Russia House Mr. Baseball Six Degrees of Separation I. Q. com. au biography
