1.
Heemskerk
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Heemskerk is a municipality and a town in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. It is located in the Kennemerland region, the mayor of Heemskerk is currently Mieke Baltus. It is not certain where the name of Heemskerk comes from, the town was already known during the Middle Ages. In an official deed from the year of 1063, the town was known as Hemezen Kyrica, Latinized Frisian meaning Church of Hemezen, a Frisian nun who lived in a religious house there. Heemskerk knows many historical monuments, among them the Huldtoneel, a hill located near the current Rijksstraatweg. According to tradition, the Huldtoneel was used before the Roman Era as a Germanic sanctuary, in the nineteenth century Jonkheer Gevers finally made the Huldtoneel a monument - as it is known today - and ordered passers-by to honour the monument. Many battles have been fought in Heemskerk, two castles - Castle Oud Haerlem and Castle Heemskerk - were built in the twelfth and thirteenth century respectively to protect the County of Holland against the West Frisians. In the fifteenth century the residents of Heemskerk fought each other during the Hook and Cod wars, the Oud Haerlem castle was never rebuilt, Castle Heemskerk however was. In 1492 a rebellion by the people of Kennemerland was brutally beaten down by the Austrian conquerors, in 1610 the Castle Heemskerk was renamed to Castle Marquette and was at first the residence for many nobles and later inhabited by patricians. The last noble family that there were the House of Gevers. Today Castle Marquette is owned by the Spanish hotelgroup NH Hoteles and is the site of weddings, conferences. Located on the eastside of Heemskerk is Castle Assumburg, built from the remains of Kasteel Oud Haerlem in 1546, the Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk at the Nielenplein and Kerkplein is built in 1628, but it has a tower from the Middle Ages. In the graveyard around the church is a copy of a monument dedicated to the father of painter Maarten van Heemskerck, the original is located inside the church. After the time of knights and nobles, Heemskerk remained a small and its residents, who mainly worked in agriculture and keeping cattle, had good, but also some very bad times. The former town hall was built in 1911 after a design by Jan Stuyt and was raised with a floor in 1949. Today this is the building where Janssens notary office is located, the Roman Catholic Laurentiuskerk, designed by architect J. H. Tonnaer, was completed in 1891 and is a rare example of a Catholic church in neo-renaissance style. There is nothing left of other monuments, like Castle Oud Haerlem. Railway Station, Heemskerk Maarten van Heemskerck, painter, ernesto Fritz Hoost Mr Perfect, kickboxer, four-time K-1 World Champion Bart Schraa, football player, Bayer Leverkusen, FC Schalke 04, Arminia Bielefeld
2.
Dutch Australians
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Dutch Australians refers to Australians with full or partial Dutch ancestry. They form one of the largest groups of the Dutch diaspora outside Europe, the history of the Dutch and Australia began in 1606 with Captain Willem Janszoon, a Dutch seafarer, landing on the Australian mainland, the first European to do so. The VOC, or the Dutch East India Company, operated mainly from Batavia, however, miscalculations and errors in crew et cetera made it easy for ships to become lost on this newer course. Some ships, travelled too far east and sighted the west coast of Australia, a number of these ships became wrecked upon the reefs or cliffs that were known hazards of the Southland. Famous examples of these ill-fated ships include the Batavia, Zuytdorp, after the wrecking of the Batavia, a murderous mutiny was carried out under the orders of a psychopathic doctor from Haarlem, Jeronimus Corneliszoon. A more successful landing was made by Dirk Hartog, best known of the Dutch seafarers to Australia was Abel Tasman, in whose honour Tasmania was eventually named. With the exception of the east coast, most of the Australian coastline was first charted by Dutch mariners, Australia was thus known as New Holland from the seventeenth until the early nineteenth century. A number of Dutch people from the Dutch East Indies found their way to Australia during World War II, the Netherlands East Indies government operated from Australia during the war. No.18 later moved to northern Australia, No.120 to Western Australia, the Netherlands East Indies Forces Intelligence Service, was based in Melbourne during World War II. Some Dutch settlers in Australia arrived as part of Australias post World War II assisted migration program, many Dutch immigrants arrived by sea on the MS Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, while others flew to Australia on KLM, or Royal Dutch Airlines. According to the 2006 Australian Census,310,089 persons resident in Australia claimed Dutch ancestry,78,927 persons declared they were born in the Netherlands. As the level of immigration from the Netherlands has dropped significantly from the 1980s, 52% of the Dutch-born population was aged sixty years old or older at the time of the 2006 Census. As at the 2006 census 26,141 Dutch born Australians speak Dutch at home, proficiency in English was self-described by census respondents as very well by 27%, well by 7%, <1% not well. Of the Australian residents who were born in the Netherlands,59,502 or 75% were Australian citizens at the time of the 2006 census. According to 2006 census data released by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, 61% of Dutch born Australians recorded their religion as Christian, Immigration history of Australia Danish Australians Norwegian Australians Swedish Australians Icelandic Australians Bureau of Immigration Research. Community profiles, Netherlands born Canberra, Australian Government Publishing Service, ISBN 0-7315-1913-2 Eysbertse, Dirk, and Marijke Where waters meet, Bonegilla, the Dutch migrant experience North Brighton, Vic. ISBN 0-646-31005-4 Mencke, Annelies and Tjerk van der Schaaf, the distribution of Dutch immigrants in Australia 1947-1976 Thesis --University of Groningen. Peters, Nonja, Nien Schwarz, and Kate Noakes Transpositions, contextualising recent Dutch Australian art Perth, ISBN 0-9581859-1-3 Peters, Nonja The Dutch Down Under, 1606-2006 Crawley, W. A
3.
Adelaide
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Adelaide is the capital city of the state of South Australia, and the fifth-most populous city of Australia. In June 2016, Adelaide had a resident population of 1,326,354 million. South Australia, with a total of 1, the demonym Adelaidean is used in reference to the city and its residents. Adelaide is north of the Fleurieu Peninsula, on the Adelaide Plains between the Gulf St Vincent and the low-lying Mount Lofty Ranges which surround the city. Adelaide stretches 20 km from the coast to the foothills, and 94 to 104 km from Gawler at its northern extent to Sellicks Beach in the south. Named in honour of Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, queen consort to King William IV, Colonel William Light, one of Adelaides founding fathers, designed the city and chose its location close to the River Torrens, in the area originally inhabited by the Kaurna people. Lights design set out Adelaide in a layout, interspaced by wide boulevards and large public squares. Early Adelaide was shaped by prosperity and wealth—until the Second World War, it was Australias third-largest city and it has been noted for early examples of religious freedom, a commitment to political progressivism and civil liberties. It has been known as the City of Churches since the mid-19th century, as South Australias seat of government and commercial centre, Adelaide is the site of many governmental and financial institutions. Most of these are concentrated in the city centre along the boulevard of North Terrace, King William Street. Today, Adelaide is noted for its festivals and sporting events, its food and wine, its long beachfronts. It ranks highly in terms of liveability, being listed in the Top 10 of The Economist Intelligence Units Worlds Most Liveable Cities index in 2010,2011,2012 and 2015. It was also ranked the most liveable city in Australia by the Property Council of Australia in 2011,2012 and 2013, prior to its proclamation as a British settlement in 1836, the area around Adelaide was inhabited by the indigenous Kaurna Aboriginal nation. Kaurna culture and language was almost completely destroyed within a few decades of the European settlement of South Australia in 1836, however, extensive documentation by early missionaries and other researchers has enabled a modern revival of both language and culture. South Australia was officially proclaimed as a new British colony on 28 December 1836, the event is commemorated in South Australia as Proclamation Day. The site of the capital was surveyed and laid out by Colonel William Light. Adelaide was established as a colony of free immigrants, promising civil liberties and freedom from religious persecution. Wakefields idea was for the Government to survey and sell the land at a rate that would maintain land values high enough to be unaffordable for labourers and journeymen
4.
Art film
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An art film is typically a serious, independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience. Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as a film genre, art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres and film festivals. The term art film is more widely used in the United States, the UK and Australia than in Europe. A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to understand or appreciate such films. One mid-1990s art film was called largely a cerebral experience that one enjoys because of what you know about film and this contrasts sharply with mainstream blockbuster films, which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment. Since art films have small initial investment costs, they only need to appeal to a portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable. An art film may also be called an art movie, specialty film, art-house film, or, in the collective sense, there is overlap between the categories of art film, independent film and experimental film. The antecedents of art films included D. W. Griffiths Intolerance, the critics of the outside world praised these films. Art films were influenced by films by Spanish avant-garde creators, such as Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí. Cinéma Pur, a 1920s and 1930s French avant-garde film movement also influenced the development of the idea of art film, the cinema pur film movement included Dada artists, such as Man Ray, René Clair, and Marcel Duchamp. The Dadaists used film to transcend narrative conventions, bourgeois traditions, pure Cinema was influenced by such German absolute filmmakers as Hans Richter, Walter Ruttmann, and Viking Eggeling. Richter claimed that his 1921 film, Rhythmus 21, was the first abstract film ever created, nevertheless, Richters film Rhythmus 21 is considered an important early abstract film. William Siska argues that Italian neorealist films from the mid- to late-1940s, such as Open City, Paisa, Films shown in these art cinemas included. British, foreign-language, and independent American films, as well as documentaries, Films such as Rossellinis Open City and Mackendricks Tight Little Island, Bicycle Thieves and The Red Shoes were shown to substantial U. S. audiences. In the late 1950s, French filmmakers began to produce films that were influenced by Italian Neorealism and classical Hollywood cinema, auteur theory holds that the director is the author of his films, with a personal signature visible from film to film. The French New Wave movement continued into the 1960s, during the 1960s, the term art film began to be much more widely used in the United States than in Europe. In the U. S. the term is defined very broadly, to include foreign-language auteur films, independent films, experimental films, documentaries. In the 1960s art film became a euphemism in the U. S. for racy Italian, by the 1970s, the term was used to describe sexually explicit European films with artistic structure such as the Swedish film I Am Curious
5.
Dingo (film)
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Dingo is a 1991 Australian film directed by Rolf de Heer and written by Marc Rosenberg. It traces the pilgrimage of John Anderson, a guy with a passion for jazz, from his home in outback Western Australia to the jazz clubs of Paris, to meet his idol. In the films opening sequence, Davis and his band unexpectedly land on an airstrip in the Australian outback. The performance was one of Daviss last on film, christian Faure was the assistant director of the movie. Davis, who plays the role of Cross, provided the soundtrack in cooperation with Michel Legrand. Dingo grossed $132,500 at the box office in Australia, Dingo was released on DVD by Umbrella Entertainment in July 2005. The DVD is compatible with all region codes and includes features such as a new 5.1 channel soundtrack, trailers. Cinema of Australia South Australian Film Corporation Official website Dingo at the Internet Movie Database Dingo at the National Film and Sound Archive
6.
Miles Davis
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Miles Dewey Davis III was an American jazz trumpeter, bandleader, and composer. He is among the most influential and acclaimed figures in the history of jazz, with his ever-changing directions in music, Davis was at the forefront of a number of major stylistic developments in jazz over his five-decade career. In the early 1950s, Davis recorded some of the earliest hard bop music while on Prestige Records, after a widely acclaimed comeback performance at the Newport Jazz Festival in 1955, he signed a long-term contract with Columbia Records and recorded the 1957 album Round About Midnight. It was his first work with saxophonist John Coltrane and bassist Paul Chambers and his million-selling 1970 record Bitches Brew helped spark a resurgence in the genres commercial popularity with jazz fusion as the decade progressed. In 2006, Davis was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, Miles Dewey Davis III was born on May 26,1926 into an affluent middle class African-American family in Alton, Illinois,15 miles north of St. Louis. The second of three children, he had a sister, Dorothy Mae, and a younger brother. His father, Miles Dewey Davis II of Arkansas, was a dental surgeon who earned three college degrees, and his mother Cleota Mae Davis, also of Arkansas, was a music teacher. They owned a 200-acre estate near Pine Bluff, Arkansas where Davis and his siblings would ride horses, fish, and hunt. In 1927, the moved to East St. Louis, Illinois. From 1932 to 1934, Davis attended John Robinson Elementary School, an institution, followed by Crispus Attucks School where he performed well in mathematics, music. It was in East St. Louis and Pine Bluff that the young Davis developed his earliest appreciation for music, Davis later suggested that his fathers instrument choice was made largely to irk his wife, who disliked the trumpets sound. Against the fashion of the time, Buchanan stressed the importance of playing without vibrato, Davis would carry his clear signature tone throughout his career. He once remarked on its importance to him, saying, I prefer a round sound with no attitude in it, like a voice with not too much tremolo. If I cant get that sound I cant play anything, in 1939, the family moved to 1701 Kansas Avenue in East St. Louis. For his 13th birthday held that year, Davis father bought his son a new trumpet, around this time, Davis took additional trumpet lessons from Joseph Gustat, first chair of the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra. In 1941, the 15-year-old Davis began at East St. Louis Lincoln High School where he joined the marching band directed by Buchanan. Davis claimed the contests he did not win was largely down to prejudice over his race and it was at Lincoln High where Davis met his first girlfriend, Irene Cawthorn. Davis had formed his own group by this time, performing in local venues such as Huffs Beer Garden with hits such as In the Mood by Glenn Miller
7.
Michel Legrand
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Michel Legrand is a French musical composer, arranger, conductor, and jazz pianist. Legrand is a composer, having written over 200 film and television scores. He is best known for his haunting, jazz-tinged film music. His celebrated scores for the films of French New Wave director Jacques Demy, The Umbrellas of Cherbourg and The Young Girls of Rochefort, for The Thomas Crown Affair and its title song, The Windmills of Your Mind, Legrand won his first Oscar. Legrand was born in the Bécon les Bruyères district of Courbevoie and his father Raymond Legrand was a conductor and composer renowned for hits such as Irma la douce, and his mother was Marcelle Der Mikaëlian, who married Legrand Senior in 1929. His maternal grandfather was of Armenian descent and considered a member of the bourgeoisie, Legrand has composed more than two hundred film and television scores and several musicals and has made well over a hundred albums. He has won three Oscars and five Grammys and has been nominated for an Emmy and he was 22 when his first album, I Love Paris, became one of the best-selling instrumental albums ever released. He is a jazz and classical pianist and an accomplished arranger. Legrand graduated with top honors as both a composer and a pianist, Legrand has also contributed significant work in jazz. While on a visit to the U. S, the following year, back in Paris with bassist Guy Pedersen and percussionist Gus Wallez, he recorded an album of Paris-themed songs arranged for jazz piano trio, titled Paris Jazz Piano. Nearly a decade later he recorded At Shellys Manne-Hole, a trio session with bassist Ray Brown and drummer Shelly Manne. Legrand also provided an odd scat vocal on My Funny Valentine, Not as well received as his earlier work in the field of jazz was a 1994 album for LaserLight entitled Michel Plays Legrand. More recently, in 2002, he recorded a jazz piano album reworking 14 of his classic songs. His jazz piano style is virtuosic and eclectic, drawing upon such influences as Art Tatum, Erroll Garner, Oscar Peterson, in 1966, he made the arrangements of the international song Cest si bon by Henri Betti and André Hornez for the Barbra Streisand album Color Me Barbra. In 1948, his father Raymond Legrand had conducted the orchestra for the recording of song by Les Soeurs Étienne. A number of his songs, including What Are You Doing the Rest of Your Life, watch What Happens, The Summer Knows, and You Must Believe in Spring, have become jazz standards covered frequently by other artists. During various periods of work, Legrand became a conductor for orchestras in St. Petersburg, Florida, Vancouver, Montreal, Atlanta, Pittsburgh. Legrand has also recorded classical piano pieces by Erik Satie and American composers such as Amy Beach, George Gershwin, Aaron Copland, John Cage and he is a prolific recorder of jazz, popular and classical music albums, having released over one hundred
8.
Charlie's Country
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Charlies Country is a 2013 Australian drama film directed by Rolf de Heer. It was selected to compete in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival where David Gulpilil won the award for Best Actor, the film was selected as the Australian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 87th Academy Awards, but was not nominated. Charlie, an Aboriginal man who lives in Arnhem Land paints tree barks and fishes barramundi fish and he laments the loss of his culture in modern Australia. After his spear is confiscated by the police who think it is a weapon, he decides to leave his Aboriginal community and he falls ill and is rushed to the hospital in Darwin. Shortly after, he befriends a woman who buys alcohol illegally for other Aboriginals, as a result, he is sent to prison. Finally, he agrees to pass on traditional dances from his generation to the young Aboriginal boys, jane Howard of The Guardian wrote a good review of the film. She argued that the camera is often motionless and there is a sense of still photography to the work and she added that Gulpilis flawless acting carried the movie. In the Sydney Morning Herald, Paul Byrnes also praised his extraordinary grace and he added, The level of trust between actor and director here is part of the reason this work will live on. In Variety, Eddie Cockrell praised the cinematography, concluding, The tech package is seamless, ian Jones’ widescreen photography immerses the viewer in the Australian outback, while Graham Tardif’s plaintive score emphasizes both the dignity and the anguish of Charlie’s all-too-common plight. In The Australian, Evan Williams called it a film, beautifully made, at times unbearably sad. He added that some scenes were likely to provoke racism in some viewers, however, writing for the ABC, Jason Di Rosso wrote a negative review. He called it, another disappointment in that category of ambitious Australian filmmaking that’s about trying to make art and he added that the film lacked ambiguity adding that there are thinly drawn racist characters and an inability to render different tones in the one visual idea
9.
Un Certain Regard
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Un Certain Regard (French pronunciation, is a section of the Cannes Film Festivals official selection. It is run at the salle Debussy, parallel to the competition for the Palme dOr and this section was introduced in 1978 by Gilles Jacob. The name literally means a certain glance, but is understood by French speakers to mean from another point of view, here it means films with various types of visions and styles, which tell their stories in nontraditional ways. This section presents 20 original and different works which seek international recognition, since 2005, the prize consists of €30,000 financed by the Groupama GAN Foundation. * Denotes first win for a country
