Rongorongo is a system of glyphs discovered in the 19th century on Easter Island. It is not yet known whether rongorongo represents true writing or proto-writing. Numerous attempts at decipherment have been made, but none have been successful so far. Although some calendrical and what might prove to be genealogical information has been identified, none of these glyphs can actually be read. If the system is writing and proves to be an independent invention, it would be one of very few independent inventions of writing in human history.

Easter Island is an island and special territory of Chile in the southeastern Pacific Ocean, at the southeasternmost point of the Polynesian Triangle in Oceania. The island is most famous for its nearly 1,000 extant monumental statues, called moai, which were created by the early Rapa Nui people. In 1995, UNESCO named Easter Island a World Heritage Site, with much of the island protected within Rapa Nui National Park.