Room 40, also known as 40 O.B., was the cryptanalysis section of the British Admiralty during the First World War.
Room 40 was on the first floor of the main wing of The Admiralty's Old Building, now known as the Ripley Building (built 1726) in Whitehall. It was on the same corridor as the old Board Room.
SMS Magdeburg aground off Odensholm
Zimmermann telegram as decoded by Room 40
Sir James Alfred Ewing MInstitCE was a Scottish physicist and engineer, best known for his work on the magnetic properties of metals and, in particular, for his discovery of, and coinage of the word, hysteresis.
Alfred Ewing