Rosa Luxemburg
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Rosa Luxemburg was a Polish and naturalised-German Marxist theorist and revolutionary. She was a leading theorist of the Social Democratic Party of Germany and later co-founded the anti-war Spartacus
Luxemburg, c. 1911
Luxemburg at about age 12, c. 1883
Leo Jogiches c. 1890
Luxemburg, c. 1893
The German revolution of 1918–1919, also known as the November Revolution, brought down the German Empire at the end of World War I and set the stage for the establishment of the Weimar Republic. The
Rosa Luxemburg
…participation. Her writings on the Russian Revolution were later viewed by some as a prescient critique of Stalinism. Released from prison during the German Revolution of 1918–1919, Luxemburg co-founded the KPD and became a central figure in the January 1919 Spartacist uprising in Berlin. After the uprising was crushed by the…
Proclamation of the republic by Philipp Scheidemann at the Reichstag building in Berlin, 9 November 1918
Erich Ludendorff in 1918. His calculated shifting of responsibility for the war's loss from the army to the civilian government gave rise to the stab-in-the-back myth.
Kiel mutiny: the soldiers' council of the battleship Prinzregent Luitpold. The sign reads in part "Long live the socialist republic."
Proclamation of the Bremen Soviet Republic outside the city hall on 15 November 1918