Rowlesburg is a town in southern Preston County, West Virginia, United States, along the Cheat River. The population was 438 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Morgantown metropolitan area. A former railroad town, it is home to the Downtown Rowlesburg Historic District, and was the site of action during the American Civil War.

Preston County is a county located in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 34,216. Its county seat is Kingwood. The county was formed from Monongalia County in 1818 and named for Virginia Governor James Patton Preston.