1.
Carlisle, Cumbria
–
Carlisle is a city and the county town of Cumbria. Historically in Cumberland, it is also the centre of the City of Carlisle district in North West England. Carlisle is located at the confluence of the rivers Eden, Caldew and it is the largest settlement in the county of Cumbria, and serves as the administrative centre for both Carlisle City Council and Cumbria County Council. At the time of the 2001 census, the population of Carlisle was 71,773, ten years later, at the 2011 census, the citys population had risen to 75,306, with 107,524 in the wider city. The early history of Carlisle is marked by its status as a Roman settlement, the castle now houses the Duke of Lancasters Regiment and the Border Regiment Museum. In the early 12th century, Henry I allowed the foundation of a priory in Carlisle, the town gained the status of a city when its diocese was formed in 1133, and the priory became Carlisle Cathedral. The introduction of textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution began a process of transformation in Carlisle. This, combined with its position, allowed for the development of Carlisle as an important railway town. Nicknamed the Great Border City, Carlisle today is the cultural, commercial and industrial centre for north Cumbria. It is home to the campuses of the University of Cumbria. The former County Borough of Carlisle had held city status until the Local Government Act 1972 was enacted in 1974, what is known of the ancient history of Carlisle is derived mainly from archaeological evidence and the works of the Roman historian Tacitus. The earliest recorded inhabitants were the Carvetii tribe of Britons who made up the population of ancient Cumbria. According to Boethius and John of Fordun, Carlisle existed before the arrival of the Romans in Britain and was one of the strongest British towns at the time, in the time of the emperor Nero, it was said to have burned down. The Roman settlement was named Luguvalium, based on a name that has been reconstructed as Brittonic *Luguwaljon, of Luguwalos. This walled civitas, possibly the one in northwest Britain. In the year 79, the two Roman generals Cn, petillius Cerealis advanced through Solway as they continued their campaign further north. As a result, it is likely that control was achieved at Carlisle over anti-imperial groups. This is possibly indicated from the reconstruction of the fort at Carlisle in 83 using oak timbers from further afield, at this time the Roman fort was garrisoned by a 500-strong cavalry regiment, the Ala Gallorum Sebosiana
2.
Liverpool John Moores University
–
Liverpool John Moores University is a public research university in the city of Liverpool, England. It has 21,875 students, of which 18,375 are undergraduate students and 3,500 are postgraduate, in 1992, following an Act of Parliament the Liverpool Polytechnic became what is now Liverpool John Moores University. It is a member of the University Alliance, a group of British universities which was established in 2007. Founded as a small mechanics institution in 1823, the institution grew over the centuries by converging and amalgamating with different colleges, mott Training College, before eventually becoming Liverpool Polytechnic in 1970. The University also has a history of providing training, education and research to the maritime industry. The institution then became a university under the terms of the Further and Higher Education Act 1992 under the new title of Liverpool John Moores University and this new title was approved by the Privy Council on 15 September 1992. The university took its name from Sir John Moores, the founder of the Littlewoods empire, Moores was a great believer in the creation of opportunity for all, which embodies the ethos of LJMU in providing educational routes for people of all ages and from all backgrounds. This belief led Sir John Moores to invest in the institution and facilities, such as the John Foster Building, designed by, LJMU now has more than 24,000 students. LJMU was awarded the Queens Anniversary Prize in 2005, currently, Liverpool John Moores University is receiving more applications than previously seen, according to data in 2009, the total number of applications submitted to LJMU was 27,784. On 14 April 2008, Dr Brian May CBE was inducted into the university as the fourth Chancellor of Liverpool John Moores University, Dr May is also the lead guitarist for the rock band Queen. He replaced outgoing Chancellor Cherie Booth QC, wife of former Prime Minister Tony Blair, honorary fellows in attendance at the ceremony included Sir Patrick Moore and Pete Postlethwaite. May was succeeded as Chancellor in 2013 by Sir Brian Leveson, LJMU is a founding member of the Northern Consortium, an educational charity, owned by eleven universities in the north of England. LJMU is also one of the UKs top universities for teaching and research in Sports, the Higher Education Funding Council for England awarded LJMU £4.5 million over five years for the establishment of a Centre for Excellence in Teaching and Learning. The CETL award recognises LJMUs record for Physical Education, Dance, Sport, LJMU is the only United Kingdom university to be awarded an Ofsted Grade A in Physical Education and it is also the premier institution for both teaching and research in Sport and Exercise Sciences. LJMU was also chosen to deliver the academic side of a scheme called the New Entrepreneurs Scholarship. According to the UK Research Assessment Exercise 2014, LJMU every unit of assessment we submitted was rated as at least 45% internationally excellent or better, there are currently three libraries based at the three campus sites operated by LJMU. The third LRC is sited on the IM Marsh campus in Aigburth and is used exclusively by student at this campus, there are more than 68,500 books in the LRCs collections, with 1,630 work spaces available for students 24 hours a day. In addition to there are over 16,000 e-books and 5,000 e-journals available
3.
Jo Stiles
–
Josephine Madonna Jo Stiles is a fictional character from the British soap opera Emmerdale, played by Roxanne Pallett. She made her first screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 26 August 2005, Jo Stiles arrived in the village as new receptionist at the vets surgery and is soon noticed by the local men, especially Max King and Danny Daggert. Jo and Danny went on a date but they agreed he was far too tame for a bad girl like her. So with no potential boyfriends on the scene, Jo settled into her job and needing somewhere to live, moved into Connelton View with Dawn Woods and her son, TJ. After seeing chemistry between her new best mate, Dawn, and former flame Danny, Jo set the pair up, however, Jo’s carefree, single life seemed attractive to Dawn so she dumped Danny. Jo’s other attempt at matchmaking also went wrong when she tried to help her lonely boss, Paddy Kirk and it seemed like harmless fun until Paddy booked a ticket to Portugal to track down Fireblade. When Paddy returned with vivacious Toni Daggert on his arm, Jo knew she wasn’t Fireblade, the joke, however, was on Jo. Paddy had guessed what she was up to and he and Toni were winding Jo up to pay her back, to Jo was happy living at Connelton View but trouble was on the horizon when Scott Windsor arrived. He tried to seduce Jo but she wasnt interested but Dawn thought something was going on, although they sorted it out, Dawns mum, Jean Hope, evicted Jo because of her rent arrears. Feeling guilty that her mum hadnt given Jo much notice, Dawn arranged for her to move in with the Sugdens at Butlers Farm as she knew they didnt have much money, Jo soon developed feelings for Andy and they had an affair. They told Katie, ending the marriage on learning that Katie was not pregnant after all, after Katie left, Jo helped Andy run the farm and look after little Sarah. Jo continued to work at the vets initially, but Hari sacked her as he was adding extras to peoples invoices and didnt want Jo asking questions, Andy was pleased but Jo wasnt so Jo started her own business, making organic goats cheese. Andy and Jo got engaged, following his divorce, Andy also asked Jo to adopt Sarah and she agreed as Debbie had said she wouldnt oppose it. Jo agreed as she didnt want to disappoint Andy, while in prison, Andy made an enemy of Charlie Sellers. Charlie was released before Andy and took revenge by moving into Butlers Farm, staying initially in the barn but soon moved into the house, threatening Andy, in desperation, Jo told Debbie and she wanted to remove Sarah but Jo wouldnt let her. Eventually Debbie and Chas got rid of Charlie with help from the McFarlanes, not long after Charlie left, Andy was released on appeal and immediately called Social Services about Sarahs adoption. They told him that Debbie had not returned the papers so he confronted her, reminding her that she promised not to contest it but she insisted she needed more time. Unhappy, he visited his solicitor to investigate court orders that would finalise the adoption but was told that that kind of order was rarely granted in his circumstances
4.
ITV (TV network)
–
ITV is a commercial TV network in the United Kingdom. Since the passing of the Broadcasting Act 1990 its legal name has been Channel 3, to distinguish it from the analogue channels at the time, namely BBC1, BBC2. ITV is a network of channels that operate regional television services as well as sharing programmes between each other to be displayed on the entire network. In recent years, several of companies have merged so currently the fifteen franchises are in the hands of two companies. With the exception of Northern Ireland, the ITV brand is the used by ITV plc for the Channel 3 service in these areas. In Northern Ireland, ITV plc uses the brand name UTV, STV Group plc, uses the STV brand for its two franchises of central and northern Scotland. The origins of ITV lie in the passing of the Television Act 1954, the act created the Independent Television Authority to heavily regulate the industry and to award franchises. The first six franchises were awarded in 1954 for London, the Midlands, the first ITV network to launch was Londons Associated-Rediffusion on 22 September 1955, with the Midlands and North services launching in February 1956 and May 1956 respectively. Following these launches, the ITA awarded more franchises until the country was covered by fourteen regional stations. Following the 1993 changes, ITV as a network began to consolidate with several companies doing so to save money by ceasing the duplication of services present when they were all separate companies. The ITV Network is not owned or operated by one company, since 2016 the fifteen licences are held by two companies, with the majority held by ITV Broadcasting Limited, part of ITV plc. The network is regulated by the media regulator Ofcom who is responsible for awarding the broadcast licences, the last major review of the Channel 3 franchises was in 1991, with all operators licences having been renewed between 1999 and 2002 and again from 2014 without a further contest. However, due to amalgamation of several of companies since the creation of ITV Network Limited. Approved by Ofcom, this results in ITV plc commissioning and funding the network schedule, all licensees have the right to opt out of network programming, however many do not due to pressures from the parent company or because of limited resources. The network also needs to produce accessible output containing subtitles, signing, in exchange for this programming, the ITV network is available on all platforms free to air and can be found at the top of the EPG of all providers. Since the launch of the platform in 1998, all of the ITV licensees have received gifted capacity on the terrestrial television platform. At present, the companies are able to broadcast additional channels and all choose to broadcast the ITV plc owned ITV2, ITV3, ITV4 and CITV in their region. UTV and STV previously broadcast their own services – UTV2 in Northern Ireland and S2 in central and northern Scotland – until 2002, the broadcasters all make use of the Digital 3&4 multiplex, shared with Channel 4
5.
Emmerdale
–
Emmerdale is a long-running British soap opera set in Emmerdale, a fictional village in the Yorkshire Dales. Created by Kevin Laffan, Emmerdale Farm was first broadcast on 16 October 1972, produced by ITV Yorkshire, it has been filmed at their Leeds studio since its inception. The programme has been broadcast in every ITV region, the series originally appeared during the afternoon until 1978, when it was moved to an early-evening time slot in most regions, London and Anglia followed during the mid-1980s. Until December 1988, Emmerdale took seasonal breaks, since then, episodes air on ITV weekday evenings at 19,00, with a second Thursday episode at 20,00. The programme began broadcasting in high definition on 10 October 2011, Emmerdale is the United Kingdoms second-longest-running television soap opera, and attracts an average of five to seven million viewers per episode. In October 2012, it was the 40th anniversary of the show, on the shows anniversary week, the show made a live episode to mark the anniversary. The premise of Emmerdale Farm was similar to the BBC radio soap opera The Archers, focusing on a family, the programmes farmyard filming was originally modelled on RTÉs The Riordans, an Irish soap opera which was broadcast from the mid-1960s to the end of the 1970s. The Riordans broke new ground for soap operas by being filmed largely outdoors rather than in a usual practice of British. The programme pioneered farmyard location shooting, with animals and equipment. During the 1960s and 1970s, outdoor filming of television programmes with outdoor broadcast units was in its due to higher costs. The Riordans success demonstrated that a soap opera could be filmed largely outdoors, Emmerdale has had a large number of characters since it began, with its cast gradually expanding in size. The programme has also had changing residences and businesses for its characters, including a bed-and-breakfast, the Miffield estate was the largest employer in the village of Beckindale,39 miles from Bradford and 52 miles from Leeds. Lord Miffield leased Emmerdale Farm, on the edge of the village, joshs grandson Joseph married Margaret Oldroyd and their son, Jacob, was born in January 1916. During the 1930s, Jacob Sugden purchased Emmerdale Farm, in 1945 he married Annie Pearson, daughter of farm labourer Sam Pearson. Margaret Sugden died in 1963, and Joseph died the following year, Jacob Sugden ran the farm into the ground, drinking away its profits. The badly-maintained farms future looked bleak at his death on 10 October 1972 and he was survived by his wife Annie, two sons and a daughter, Jack, the eldest, Peggy and Joe, the youngest of the three. These characters formed the basis of Emmerdale Farm, the show has had a number of matriarchs, including Diane Sugden, Viv Hope, Lisa Dingle, Annie Sugden and Moira Barton. Older characters in Emmerdale include Edna Birch, Betty Eagleton, Pearl Ladderbanks, Sandy Thomas, Seth Armstrong, Alan Turner, Sam Pearson, Lily Butterfield, the first episode of Emmerdale Farm, aired on 16 October 1972, began with Jacob Sugdens funeral
6.
Stars in Their Eyes
–
Stars in Their Eyes is a British television talent show that originally ran on Saturday nights from 21 July 1990 until 23 December 2006 in which contestants impersonate showbiz stars. It was produced by Granada for ITV and based on Joop van den Endes Dutch format, a revived version by Harry Hill, began airing on 10 January 2015 until 14 February 2015, it was reported on 17 April it had been axed by ITV due to poor ratings. It remains one of Britains most successful shows, attracting around 13 million viewers for the grand final at the end of each series. It has one of the most memorable catchphrases in TV history, Tonight, and was named most popular entertainment show at the National Television Awards in 1996,1998,1999 and 2000. The most impersonated stars are Dolly Parton, Elvis Presley, Cher, George Michael, Celine Dion, Kylie Minogue, in February 1990, Leslie Crowther was chosen as the host of the show which began airing on 21 July 1990. Crowther hosted the first three series, and a Christmas Special in 1991, at the time of his car accident in October 1992, he was booked to record an Elvis Presley special hosted by Russ Abbot and a fourth series hosted by Matthew Kelly in 1993. It later became apparent that Crowther would not be able to return, thereafter, Kelly hosted the show until 13 March 2004. Kelly also hosted the 2001 pilot episode and first series of the kids version, Cat Deeley, who previously took over as host of the kids version in 2003, was Kellys replacement for the final adult series in 2005. Deeley also hosted a number of specials in 2004, Deeley hosted the show until its final episode in December 2006. Stars in Their Eyes is a talent show where contestants get the chance to appear, the show is most importantly a soundalike show, but they are also dressed up to look as close as possible to the singer they are impersonating, often with wigs and heavy makeup. The contestants then disappear through the famous doors, and reappear as the famous singer they are going to impersonate about five minutes later. At the end of the show, the audience vote for their favourite. The winners from each show in the return for the grand final to perform once more. In the original Leslie Crowther version, the finals were pre-recorded. When Matthew Kelly took over, the finals were broadcast live. The winner was announced later on that evening in a separate broadcast. The same process applied during Cat Deeleys tenure as host, each episode features Harry being pursued by Adele for being in possession of her baby and would comically chase him until she got the baby back. In April 2015, it was announced due to poor viewing figures, ITV would not be renewing the show for another series
7.
Soapstar Superstar
–
Soapstar Superstar is a British reality singing competition produced by Granada Television which first aired on British television station ITV in 2006. In the competition, ten soap opera actors perform in front of a celebrity panel, the contestants are judged on their singing ability, in a format similar to Pop Idol and The X Factor. However in this show, the audience decided which song contestants would sing in the next round, the two with the fewest votes were then put up for the public vote, and the one with the fewest votes from that round was eliminated from the competition. However, the contestant did get the honour of being part of the judging panel for that show and they got to save one contestant. Series one was presented by Fern Britton and Ben Shephard, with the ITV2 coverage presented by Jayne Middlemiss, the Voice Over was provided by Peter Dickson. The second season began on Friday 5 January 2007, zoë Ball became the new host on ITV, with the ITV2 show being fronted by Mark Durden-Smith, Sheree Murphy and Rob Deering. Billy Sammeth and Chris Cowey returned as judges, however, Martine McCutcheon and Michael Ball replaced Cilla Black as judges. David Gest was also a guest judge for one episode and this was due to Michael Ball coaching the stars on how to sing songs from musicals. The Vocal Academy based in Manchester supplied the vocal coaching for the stars, the second season coaches were Jo Price, Jerone and Mandy. On 25 May 2007, ITV confirmed that the show would not be returning for a series in 2008. As a result, ITV aired an Ofcom summary of findings announcement just before the final of the series of Britains Got Talent on 31 May 2008. It was shown again on 8 June 2008 before that episode of Coronation Street. Granada Television was also fined for the breach, the Polish edition of Soapstar Superstar, Jak Oni Śpiewają aired from 3 March until 2 June 2007. It was won by Agnieszka Włodarczyk, the second season ran from 8 September until 15 December 2007. The third season aired from 8 March until 31 May 2008 and it was won by Krzysztof Respondek. The fourth season ran from 6 September until 6 December 2008. The winner was Artur Chamski, the 5th season won Laura Samojłowicz. The 6th season won Krzysztof Respondek again, in Belgium, the third season of Steracteur Sterartiest is currently airing on één, all editions were hosted by Katja Retsin and Thomas Vanderveken. Soapstar Superstar at the Internet Movie Database
8.
Scream queen
–
Jamie Lee Curtis is noted as a seminal example for her performances in the popular slasher films of the Halloween franchise. In recent years, the male counterpart has been labeled a scream king, the term scream queen is more specifically used to refer to the attractive young damsels-in-distress characters that have appeared in a number of films in the horror genre. Lloyd Kaufman, co-founder of Troma Entertainment, noted that being a queen is more than just crying and having ketchup thrown on you. You not only have to be attractive, but you also have to have a big brain and you have to be frightened, you have to be sad, you have to be romantic. Debbie Rochon, often described as a queen herself, wrote in an article originally published in GC Magazine that a true Scream Queen isnt The Perfect Woman. Shes sexy, seductive, but most importantly attainable to the average guy, or so it would seem. unless said guy is the one trying to kill them, with some of them wreaking vengeance by defeating the villain. The use of women in horror films back to the silent film era, with films such as The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari. One of the first scream queens in the talkies was Fay Wray and she was adept at playing the damsel in distress or the monster, and her exotic looks separated her from the stereotypical blonde starlets featured in countless horror films. Sandra Peabody became known as a queen after appearing in the horror films, The Last House on the Left, Voices of Desire. Marilyn Burns became known as one appearing in the film. Daria Nicolodi, who used to be Dario Argento’s partner, himself master of Italian horror cinema, also Mario Bava called on Nicolodi for his Shock. In 1982, Nicolodi played Anne in Argento’s Tenebrae, daria’s hysterics at the end of the picture remain memorable. In Halloween, Jamie Lee Curtis, daughter of Psycho actress Janet Leigh, had her first film role, portraying Laurie Strode in Halloween, Curtis established herself as the ultimate scream queen and was even referenced as such in the horror film Scream by Randy Meeks. Curtis went on to star in other horror films after that. The success of Halloween made slasher films known again, and so that type of film saw a revival during the late 1970s, langenkamp went on to become one of the most influential scream queens. Linnea Quigley also became a queen during the 1980s, appearing specifically in low budget and cult classic films like Silent Night, Deadly Night. A Nightmare on Elm Street 2, Freddys Revenge star Mark Patton, has in recent years been touted at horror conventions as mainstream horrors first male scream queen. During the 1990s, Debbie Rochon starred in dozens of Troma Production horror films and was voted by Draculina magazine as its Scream Queen of the Decade
9.
Lake Placid 3
–
Lake Placid 3 is a 2010 made-for-television horror comedy film directed by Griff Furst. The film is a sequel to the 2007 film Lake Placid 2, the film premiered on August 21,2010 on Syfy. A year after the events of the film at Black Lake, in Aroostook County, Maine, young couple April and Jason go skinny dipping and are attacked. Meanwhile, at the house of the deceased Sadie Bickerman, her nephew Nathan, his wife Susan, however, Sheriff Tony Willinger soon arrives and convinces Nathan and Susan not to sell. Connor chases an escaped pet lizard down to the lake where he encounters the baby crocodiles, however, Connor goes to the lake to feed the crocodiles, followed by Vica who is attacked. Vica, whose arm has been injured, finds Susan at Sadies house. Meanwhile, Nathan is searching the lake due to a number of elk disappearances and he meets four teenagers, Ellie, Tara, Aaron, and Charlie who are camping on the lake. While the teenagers camp, they decide to go swimming and the girls go into the woods and strip of their clothes naked, Charlie spies on them and watches them stripping their clothes and by taking pictures, but then is devoured by a crocodile. Reba is approached by teenager Brett, to help him find his girlfriend Ellie, Reba agrees and takes Brett out onto the lake in her boat with Jonas and Walt. Stopping to hunt elk, a crocodile attacks the boat and knocks the group into the water, Walt is devoured, but the others escape to shore and are stranded in the woods. Ellie and Aaron return to find Tara missing, so decide to try. They discover Charlies corpse, before finding what Ellie thinks is Bretts jacket, Ellie decides to search for Brett, upsetting Aaron who walks the other way, only to be attacked by a crocodile. After searching the lake, Nathan and Sheriff Tony arrive at Sadies house and reunite with Susan, Connor and Vica. They decide they should try and escape the house to go to a hospital, but in their attempt, Vica and Sheriff Tony are devoured, Nathan, Susan, and Connor take shelter in the house. Meanwhile, Brett, Reba, and Jonas manage to shoot a crocodile dead, but another crocodile arrives and decapitates Jonas before attacking Reba, desperate, Reba and Brett travel on Rebas boat to Sadies house and meet with Nathan, Susan and Connor. Determined to find Ellie, Brett escapes to Rebas boat and searches for her and he finds Ellie, but a crocodile kills him. Reba kills a crocodile that breaks into the house, before she leaves with Nathan, Susan, Ellie joins them, and they make it to the town. The group break into the supermarket to call for help, setting off the alarm that attracts Dimitri, the group is ambushed but manage to kill most of the crocodiles, but Reba is seemingly killed in the process
10.
Wrong Turn 6: Last Resort
–
Wrong Turn 6, Last Resort is a 2014 American horror film directed by Valeri Milev and the sixth installment in the Wrong Turn film series. The film was released on DVD on October 21,2014, daria and Nick ride their bikes deep in the Hobb Springs Bike Trail. After bathing in a watering hole, they start having sex. Afterward, they ride their bikes again until Nick falls off, the assailant, Three Finger, then kills Nick with an arrow through the face. Daria attempts to only to ride into a strip of barbed-wire planted by One Eye. Three Finger then proceeds to kill her via decapitation with a machete, agnes, a vacationer, is soon attacked, possibly by Saw Tooth or One Eye, throwing an axe at her. Jackson then snaps her neck, killing her, Charlie, Vic, and Rod swim outside as Toni takes a bath and Jackson takes Danny out in the woods to hunt. Danny shoots a deer, when a sheriff is killed by Three Finger, as Toni gets dressed, she sees Jackson wipe off blood from the wall, and she takes Vic along with her to look for Danny. Vic sees Saw Tooth devouring flesh, runs away, and falls into a trap with Danny, Vic escapes the trap and seeks help for Danny. Jackson and Vic carry Danny back to the resort, where Sally attends to Dannys wounds, when Toni walks in, Sally leaves and watches the two have sex. Vic, Rod, and Charlie harass Bryan and Jillian, who were having sex in the pool, Jillian and Bryan have sex while Sally watches, and the cannibals attack them. Jillian is killed, but Sally stops them from killing Bryan, Sally has sex with Bryan, but Jackson interrupts them. When he leaves, Sally kills Bryan, Jackson and Sally then introduce Danny to his long-lost family, though Danny does not believe he is related, and then they drug him to confuse him. As Vic hides in the bushes, he listens to the conversation, Saw Tooth captures him and Three Finger cuts his throat. In the morning, Toni, Rod, and Charlie hear a knock on their door, when he enters, Danny tells them to leave, though he is staying. As they leave, they hide when they find that Jackson is cooking their friends, when they see Jillians head in the freezer, they scream and flee, only to run into the hillbillies. Toni and Rod escape, but Charlie is captured and killed, Toni insists that she and Rod return to help Danny, but Rod tells her that they can send help later. Toni grabs a rifle and goes back for Danny, at the resort, Toni confronts Sally, whom she attempts to kill
11.
BBC
–
The British Broadcasting Corporation is a British public service broadcaster. It is headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, the BBC is the worlds oldest national broadcasting organisation and the largest broadcaster in the world by number of employees. It employs over 20,950 staff in total,16,672 of whom are in public sector broadcasting, the total number of staff is 35,402 when part-time, flexible, and fixed contract staff are included. The BBC is established under a Royal Charter and operates under its Agreement with the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport. The fee is set by the British Government, agreed by Parliament, and used to fund the BBCs radio, TV, britains first live public broadcast from the Marconi factory in Chelmsford took place in June 1920. It was sponsored by the Daily Mails Lord Northcliffe and featured the famous Australian Soprano Dame Nellie Melba, the Melba broadcast caught the peoples imagination and marked a turning point in the British publics attitude to radio. However, this public enthusiasm was not shared in official circles where such broadcasts were held to interfere with important military and civil communications. By late 1920, pressure from these quarters and uneasiness among the staff of the licensing authority, the General Post Office, was sufficient to lead to a ban on further Chelmsford broadcasts. But by 1922, the GPO had received nearly 100 broadcast licence requests, John Reith, a Scottish Calvinist, was appointed its General Manager in December 1922 a few weeks after the company made its first official broadcast. The company was to be financed by a royalty on the sale of BBC wireless receiving sets from approved manufacturers, to this day, the BBC aims to follow the Reithian directive to inform, educate and entertain. The financial arrangements soon proved inadequate, set sales were disappointing as amateurs made their own receivers and listeners bought rival unlicensed sets. By mid-1923, discussions between the GPO and the BBC had become deadlocked and the Postmaster-General commissioned a review of broadcasting by the Sykes Committee and this was to be followed by a simple 10 shillings licence fee with no royalty once the wireless manufactures protection expired. The BBCs broadcasting monopoly was made explicit for the duration of its current broadcast licence, the BBC was also banned from presenting news bulletins before 19.00, and required to source all news from external wire services. Mid-1925 found the future of broadcasting under further consideration, this time by the Crawford committee, by now the BBC under Reiths leadership had forged a consensus favouring a continuation of the unified broadcasting service, but more money was still required to finance rapid expansion. Wireless manufacturers were anxious to exit the loss making consortium with Reith keen that the BBC be seen as a service rather than a commercial enterprise. The recommendations of the Crawford Committee were published in March the following year and were still under consideration by the GPO when the 1926 general strike broke out in May. The strike temporarily interrupted newspaper production and with restrictions on news bulletins waived the BBC suddenly became the source of news for the duration of the crisis. The crisis placed the BBC in a delicate position, the Government was divided on how to handle the BBC but ended up trusting Reith, whose opposition to the strike mirrored the PMs own
12.
Waterloo Road (TV series)
–
Waterloo Road is a British television drama series set in a comprehensive school of the same name, broadcast on BBC One and later also on BBC Three. In 2014, it was confirmed that the 10th series of Waterloo Road would be the last, the first episode was broadcast on BBC One on 9 March 2006 and the final episode on BBC Three on 9 March 2015. Waterloo Road ran for 10 series,200 episodes and exactly 9 years, reruns air on CBS Drama in the UK. The first series contained eight episodes and ended on 27 April 2006, the show was subsequently commissioned for a second series consisting of twelve episodes. The second series began on 18 January 2007 and ended on 26 April 2007, a third series was commissioned, consisting of twenty episodes, premiering on 11 October 2007 and ending on 13 March 2008. The shows fourth series contained twenty episodes and aired from 7 January 2009 to 20 May 2009, the fifth series started on 28 October 2009 and aired its finale on 15 July 2010. The sixth series ran from 1 September 2010 to 6 April 2011, a seventh series was commissioned in April 2010 and was later expanded to thirty episodes, which began airing on 4 May 2011 and ended on 25 April 2012. The Thornham Middle School was demolished in 2013, at its new location, Waterloo Road Comprehensive became an independent school as opposed to it being a comprehensive school in the past seven series. The eighth series ran for thirty episodes between 23 August 2012 and 4 July 2013, the school benefactor left Waterloo Road at the end of series eight and thus once more the school is a comprehensive. The ninth series ran for twenty episodes between 5 September 2013 and 12 March 2014, on 19 September 2013, a tenth series was commissioned. It was announced on 2 April 2014 that series 10 will be the series of the show. The final scenes were filmed on 22 August 2014, on 11 December 2014, it was announced that, due to low ratings, the final 10 episodes would be aired on BBC Three in 2015, however a repeat is aired on BBC One later in the evening. The final episode of Waterloo Road, was the 200th episode, in the story the school remains open after a lengthy battle against a school merger. The show is a drama, with a large cast of up to forty main characters, including students, staff. Due to their appearance on the credits, teachers receive top billing for the main cast. The cast of students included Donte Charles, Chlo Grainger, Janeece Bryant, Yasmin Deardon, Mika Grainger, the first episode of Waterloo Road was broadcast on 9 March 2006, having been filmed the previous autumn in 2005. Characters included head Teacher Jack Rimmer, deputy head Andrew Treneman, Rimmer, formerly deputy head, became headmaster when the previous head Brian Vasey had a nervous breakdown after 30 years at the school. Other storylines included the death of pupil Adam Deardon in a car crash, Donte Charles, who had been driving the car involved, blamed himself for Deardons death and was remanded into custody for three months
13.
Trinity School, Carlisle
–
Trinity School is a large mixed secondary school and sixth form in Carlisle, Cumbria, for students aged 11 to 18. Since September 2011, it has been an academy and it is a Church of England school with strong links to Carlisle Cathedral. In 685 AD St Cuthbert, Bishop of Lindisfarne, visited Carlisle, for the next 900 years the school continued around the grounds of the Cathedral. In 1545 Lancelot Salkeld, The Dean and Head of Chapter of Carlisle Cathedral took on responsibility for the school in the Cathedral close, the Cathedral was rededicated to the Holy and Undivided Trinity. The school occupied buildings on West Walls, some of which are part of the offices to this day. In 1883 it became Carlisle Grammar School and moved to Strand Road, into what is now the Carliol Building of the school, since that time, governors continue to be appointed by the Cathedral Foundation. The analogous girls school was Carlisle County School for Girls, which became St Aidans County High School, in the 1990s, Trinity School became grant-maintained, until 1999 when it became a Church of England Voluntary Aided School. In 1998 the school was awarded Specialist School status and was designated as a Language College, recent developments include an increasingly international perspective, shown in the Uganda Project, the USA Exchange Scheme, and many overseas visits and links. The school became a Church of England converter academy in September 2011, the 11- to 16-year-old students are grouped in smaller family units known as houses. Houses are named after two rivers and two mountains, Amazon, Everest, Kilimanjaro and Nile, each House has an area of the school for its own use. Students normally remain in the same House for five years, with the same Form Tutor, the £20m rebuilding scheme of the 11-16 school was completed in September 2012. This new building was opened in 2011 as the new Science and it was the major part of the £20m rebuild programme that was officially opened by HRH the Duke of Kent in October 2012. This purpose-built Library is the school library. It was opened in 2001 and is named after the former Chair of Governors and it has a stock of over 10,000 items including fiction, non fiction and reference books, as well as networked computers. This library is a resource centre with study areas designed for exclusive use by sixth form students. It has three areas for silent individual study, quiet collaborative work and research. As well as a stock of fiction, non-fiction and reference books, the library offers computing facilities. In 2009 the Ofsted inspection concluded, Trinity School provides its students with a good education, the quality of the teaching and learning is good
14.
East 17
–
East 17 are an English pop boy band group currently consisting of original members John Hendy and Terry Coldwell and newest addition to the line-up Robbie Craig. The original line-up also featured Brian Harvey and Tony Mortimer and their style blended pop and hip hop in songs such as House of Love and Let It Rain. The group have sold a minimum of 1.8 million albums and 1.8 million singles in the UK alone. As of April 2012, the group have sold 18 million records worldwide, the group began in 1991 when Tony Mortimer was promised a record deal with London Records after he presented his own material. The deal was granted under the condition that he form a group, Mortimer later formed East 17 with Brian Harvey, John Hendy and Terry Coldwell. The group was named East 17 after the postcode of their hometown, the original roles in the band were soon altered when Brian Harvey, who was intended to be a back-up singer and dancer was made into lead singer due to his vocal talent. Mortimer wrote the vast majority of the songs, which often contained rap verses vocalised by him to complement Harveys more fluid vocals. In the great battle that dominated British pop, East 17 were also on the winning side. Their music was sharper and more streetwise and it was infused with hip hop and sold by the bucketload,18 million records across Europe, compared with Take Thats paltry 17 million. East 17 scored twelve Top 10 hits on the UK Singles Chart between 1992 and 1998 and their debut album, Walthamstow, shot to No.1 on the UK Albums Chart. It featured a string of Top 20 singles, including House of Love and its Alright became a major success in Australia, reaching No.1 in early 1994 for seven consecutive weeks, and No.3 in the UK in 1993. The lyrics to some of their songs, such as Let It Rain, had political undertones, talking about war, peace, equality, love, and other political issues. In 1994, upon the release of their album, Steam. It remained at the top for five weeks and was also that years Christmas number-one, following the somewhat low-key release of the next album, Up All Night, their drop in appeal became apparent compared to previous albums. The albums songwriting duties were split among the four members of the group, rather than Mortimer alone, in 1996, the group hit No.2 with the track If You Ever, a duet with the singer Gabrielle. The press put a spin on the story, tying it in to schoolgirl Leah Betts death from MDMA in 1995, the act went against the groups boy band image, and there was a media uproar, leading to questions being raised in the House of Commons. The bands split in 1997 has been described as one of the greatest break-ups in pop history and their first single as E-17 was Each Time, which reached No.2 in the UK. This unfortunately could not help the group reclaim their success. the band were dropped by their label in 1999
15.
Ivor Novello Awards
–
The Ivor Novello Awards, named after the Cardiff-born entertainer Ivor Novello, are awards for songwriting and composing. They have been presented annually in London by the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors since 1955, nicknamed The Ivors, the awards take place each May and are sponsored by PRS for Music. They are respected worldwide as the platform for recognising and rewarding Britain. The Ivors remain the only award ceremony in the calendar that is not influenced by publishers and record companies. The Award itself is a bronze sculpture of Euterpe, the muse of lyric poetry. In 2008 Amy Winehouse received three nominations for Ivors, including two nominations in the same category, in 2010, an Ivor was awarded for the first time to a video game soundtrack, the PS3 title, Killzone 2, composed by Joris de Man. Category, Ivor Novello Award winners List of Ivor Novello Award winners TheIvors. co. uk - Official website BASCA Bucks Music Group - Ivor Novello Awards
16.
Tony Mortimer
–
Anthony Michael Tony Mortimer is an English singer, rapper, songwriter and composer. He is best known as a member of the boy band East 17, Mortimer is also the writer of the bands only number-one single, Stay Another Day. Mortimer was a member of the 1990s boy band East 17, with whom he had seven UK Top 10 singles and he turned to songwriting when the group disbanded in 1997, in the wake of fellow member Brian Harveys controversial comments about ecstasy. In 1998, Mortimers East 17 bandmates briefly reformed the group without him and they disbanded again the following year. In 2010, East 17 reformed as a three piece and were seeking a new singer, a position filled in 2011 by Blair Dreelan. The band scrapped the album and in 2012 released the newly recorded, Dark Light, the group toured Europe throughout 2011 and in early 2012. In June 2012 they returned to Australia for the first time in over 15 years, two singles were released from Dark Light, I Cant Get You Off my Mind and Friday Night, whilst a third single, Counting Clouds, was due for release in July 2012. Mortimer has continued as a producer since 1997, from his studio in Essex. Mortimer has also managed bands, including girl group Urban Angel, whose members included Roxanne Pallett, the band broke up after Pallett won a role in ITV soap opera Emmerdale. Mortimer appeared on Never Mind the Buzzcocks in Season 19 on Episode 3 and he competed in the BBCs Winter Wipeout series in March 2012 and finished second, ahead of former Coronation Street star Steven Arnold, but behind the winner Eddie The Eagle Edwards. In December 2012, Mortimer appeared as a panellist on Channel 5 show The Wright Stuff,17 June 2013 he released his debut solo album Songs from the Suitcase. In early 2014, Mortimer departed from East 17 to focus more on his solo career, Mortimer has two daughters with his partner Tracey, Atlanta and Ocean. The award-winning lyrics of his song, Stay Another Day, were inspired by the death of his brother, Ollie, by suicide
17.
Refuge (United Kingdom charity)
–
Refuge is a United Kingdom charity providing specialist support for women and children experiencing domestic violence. Refuge also runs the Freephone 24-Hour National Domestic Violence Helpline in partnership with Womens Aid, Refuge opened the world’s first safe house for women and children escaping domestic violence, in Chiswick, West London, in 1971. It is the largest domestic violence organisation in the United Kingdom, on any given day, Refuge’s services support 3,000 women and children. The charity is committed to working towards a world where women and children can live in safety, Erin Pizzey opened the world’s first refuge for women and children escaping domestic violence, in Chiswick, west London, in 1971. In 1979 the organisation became a charity, changing its name from Chiswick Women’s Aid to Chiswick Family Rescue. In 1993, the charity changed its name to Refuge, reflecting its growing national status, in 1997 three of the charitys trustees resigned in a controversy over one of their numbers links to a group associated with false memory syndrome. In 2010 Refuge was awarded the internationally recognised ISO9001,2008 certificate by the British Standards Institute, BSI Group judged that Refuge operates a quality management system for its network of services which complies with the high standards of the ISO9001,2008 qualification. Refuge provides a network of refuges across 15 local authority areas in England. Refuge also seeks to raise awareness of violence and challenge negative social attitudes. It also responds to key policy consultations and debates, ensuring that the voices, Refuge runs campaigns to raise awareness of domestic violence and reach out to women and children who experience domestic violence. In 2013, Refuge launched a campaign calling on the Government to open an inquiry into the response of the police. The campaign was backed by the family of Maria Stubbings, who was murdered by her ex-partner in 2008, an investigation by the Independent Police Complaints Commission in 2013 found that Essex Police made a series of failings in their response to Maria. In 2012, Refuge launched a video campaign called Don’t Cover It Up. The video was designed to raise awareness of the fact that women who experience domestic violence keep it hidden. The video has been viewed over 2.3 million times to date, in 2009 Refuge conducted a high-profile awareness raising campaign titled Four Ways To Speak Out in partnership with the cosmetics company Avon Products. The campaign was supported by a number of families whose loved ones had been killed as a result of domestic violence, the campaign was based on a YouGov survey showing that young women lack awareness of the techniques used by violent men to control women. In 1999, Sheryl Gascoigne supported Refuges campaign Its a Matter of Life and she had recently divorced footballer Paul Gascoigne following her experience of domestic violence at his hands. Refuge undertakes research into the effects of violence and issues surrounding service provision for abused women and children
18.
The British Soap Awards
–
The British Soap Awards is an annual awards ceremony to honour the best of British soap operas. The ceremony is televised on ITV and currently presented by Phillip Schofield, the trophies given to the winners are made from metal and glass and have been manufactured by British firm Creative Awards since their inception. The first event took place in 1999 and the event takes place in May each year, although it is an ITV production, the events were held at the BBC Television Centre, in London until 2010. The 2011 awards relocated to the Granada Studios in Manchester, then to The London Studios for the 2012 awards, the 2014 awards took place at the Hackney Empire, as did the 2016 awards. The 2015 awards were held at Palace Theatre, Manchester, the soap operas nominated for awards are Coronation Street, Doctors, EastEnders, Emmerdale and Hollyoaks. Now-defunct soaps that were nominated for awards were Brookside, Crossroads, Family Affairs and Night. Coronation Street and EastEnders had been the two soaps to win the Best British Soap award from 1999 to 2013, until Hollyoaks won it in 2014. Emmerdale became the fourth soap to win the award in 2016, in 2016, it was reported that the award for outstanding achievement off-screen would be known as the Tony Warren award following the death of Tony Warren, the creator of Coronation Street. Peter Baldwin, Stephen Hancock, Shirley Stelfox, Kitty McGeever, Kristian Ealey, anne Kirkbride, who played Deirdre Barlow in Coronation Street, was remembered during the ceremony after passing away in January 2015. John Bardon, who played Jim Branning in EastEnders, was remembered during the ceremony. This years ceremony incorporated a Social Issue Storyline mention, which is all of the soap operas most controversial stories were specially mentioned. This was also the final ceremony where Sexiest Male and Female Awards were awarded, william Tarmey, who played Jack Duckworth in Coronation Street, was remembered during the ceremony, after passing away in November 2012. Betty Driver, who played Betty Williams in Coronation Street, was remembered during the ceremony, maggie Jones, who played Blanche Hunt in Coronation Street, was remembered during the ceremony, after passing away in December 2009. Clive Hornby, who played Jack Sugden in Emmerdale, was remembered during the ceremony, wendy Richard, who played Pauline Fowler in EastEnders, was also remembered during the ceremony, after passing away in February 2009. Mike Reid, who played Frank Butcher in EastEnders, was remembered during the ceremony, stan Richards, who played Seth Armstrong in Emmerdale, was remembered during the ceremony, after passing away in February 2005. Note, Table does not include Special Achievement or Lifetime Achievement awards
19.
TV Choice
–
TV Choice is a British weekly TV listings magazine published by H. Bauer Publishing, the UK subsidiary of family-run German company Bauer Media Group. It features weekly TV broadcast programming listings, running from Saturday to Friday, a double issue is released to cover the Christmas & New Year period at a higher price. Launched in August 1999, the magazine features on the most watched UK TV shows, the very popular British soaps, as well as films, puzzles, crosswords. From 29 February 2012, the price was increased by 3p from 42p to 45p. On 9 March 2013 the cover price was reduced to 38p and the week,16 March 2013, to 20p, to compete with TV Pick. For the issue dated 13 July 2013 the price returned to 38p, in December 2013, the price rose again to 45p, in 2015 it rose to 50p and 2016 again to 52p. In January 2017, the rose to 55p, the highest price to date. On other times the issue is ranged from late-December to early-January, in February 2008, TV Choice became the biggest selling magazine of all categories in the UK, a position it has held ever since. It sells over 1.2 million copies a week and has a readership of 1.8 million. It has a market among C1 C2 young, mass market adults
20.
Gloria Estefan
–
Gloria Estefan is a Cuban-American singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman. She started off her career as the singer in the group called Miami Latin Boys which was eventually known as Miami Sound Machine. Estefans breakthrough success with Conga in 1985 made her known worldwide and it won the grand prix in the 15th annual Tokyo Music Festival in Japan. In the middle of 1988 she and the band got their first number-one hit for the song Anything for You, in March 1990, Estefan had a severe accident in her tour bus. She made her comeback in March 1991 with a new world tour and her 1993 Spanish-language album Mi Tierra won the first of her three Grammy Awards for Best Tropical Latin Album. It was the first number-one album on the Billboard Top Latin Albums chart and it was also the first Diamond album in Spain. Many of her songs like Rhythm Is Gonna Get You, 1-2-3, Get On Your Feet, Here We Are, Coming Out of the Dark, Bad Boy, party Time and a remake of Vicki Sue Robinsons Turn the Beat Around became international hits, with chart-topping scores. Estefan has sold an estimated 100 million records worldwide, including 31.5 million in the United States alone and she has won seven Grammy Awards. Estefan also received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, in 2015, she received the Presidential Medal of Freedom for her contributions to American music. Estefan also won an MTV Video Music Award, and two ACE Awards and she was honored with the American Music Award for Lifetime Achievement as well as being named BMI Songwriter of the Year. She was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame and has received multiple Billboard Awards and she is also on the list of VH1 top 100 Greatest Artists of All Time, and in Billboards Top 100 Greatest Artists Of All time. Estefan was born Gloria María Milagrosa Fajardo García in Havana, Cuba, to José Fajardo and Gloria García, prior to the Cuban Revolution, her father was a Cuban soldier and a bodyguard for the wife of Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista. The Fajardo family fled to Miami, Florida as a result of the Cuban Revolution, shortly after they moved to the United States, Glorias father joined the US military and fought in the Vietnam War and moved to Houston after his participation in the failed Bay of Pigs Invasion. Estefan was raised Catholic and attended St. Michael-Archangel School and Our Lady of Lourdes Academy in Miami, Estefan father became ill after returning from Vietnam and Gloria helped her mother, Gloria Fajardo, care for him. Her mother worked as a schoolteacher for the Dade County Public School system, Gloria Estefan graduated from college in 1979 with a BA in psychology, with a minor in French, from the University of Miami. Estefan became a citizen of the United States in 1974, under the name Gloria Garcia Fajardo. Estefan became romantically involved with the Miami Sound Machines band leader, Emilio Estefan, as she later revealed, he was my first and only boyfriend. She and Emilio married on September 2,1978 and they have a son, Nayib and a daughter Emily
21.
Richard Fleeshman
–
Richard Jonathan Fleeshman is an English actor and singer-songwriter. His television career began as a twelve-year-old, playing Craig Harris for four years in Coronation Street before going on to become an established TV, West End, Fleeshman is the son of former Brookside and Coronation Street actress Sue Jenkins and actor/director David Fleeshman. He attended Cheadle Hulme School in Cheshire and Wilmslow High School Sixth Form and he has two sisters, Emily Fleeshman and Rosie Fleeshman who are also actresses. Fleeshman began his career in the film called An Angel for May. At the age of 12, from 2002 to 2006, he played the role of Craig Harris in Coronation Street and he was the only member of his on-screen family to escape the axe in 2005, leaving the programme at the age of 16. His last episode aired on 16 October 2006, Fleeshman later filmed an episode of Blue Murder in 2007 in which he played the character Ben Holroyd, starring alongside Jill Halfpenny. The episode, called Crisis Management, aired in December 2007 on ITV and he played the role of Gillen in the ITV comedy drama Monday Monday, which aired on 10 August 2009. On 16 June 2010, Fleeshman joined the company of Legally Blonde in London, in 2009, he played the role of a musically talented autistic boy named Kyle Caddick in a six-part BBC drama series All the Small Things allowing him to act as well as sing. Within the series he performed songs, both solo and as part of a choir, and also sang the song that runs over the end credits. He co-wrote the song with Elton John and the shows creator Debbie Horsfield and his father, actor David Fleeshman, played the role of Gilbert in the same series. All the Small Things was screened in Australia under the title of Heart, Fleeshman starred in the West End production of Ghost, The Musical, based on the film Ghost, written by Bruce Joel Rubin, with music and lyrics by Dave Stewart and Glen Ballard). He played the role of Sam Wheat alongside Caissie Levy as Molly. The show premiered at the Opera House, Manchester on 28 March 2011, when Fleeshman was offered the role in its Broadway transfer, he left the show in the West End with co star Caissie Levy on 12 January 2012 to star in the Broadway production. It began previews on 15 March 2012 at the Lunt Fontanne Theater, Richard was invited to perform at the 2012 Tony Awards. Fleeshman and Levy remained in the Broadway Production until its performance on 18 August 2012. In 2013, he starred as Bobby Strong in the UK premiere of the hit musical, Urinetown, directed by Jamie Lloyd. Richard then went on to film Call the Midwife for the BBC which was broadcast early February 2015, Fleeshman is a singer, songwriter and in 2003 he was the youngest celebrity contestant to win a Stars in Their Eyes celebrity special. He also won Soapstar Superstar in 2006 and won £200,000 for his chosen Charity, Richard also plays the piano and guitar
22.
Kanye West
–
Kanye Omari West is an American rapper, songwriter, record producer, fashion designer, and entrepreneur. Intent on pursuing a career as a rapper, West released his debut album The College Dropout in 2004 to widespread critical and commercial success. He went on to pursue a variety of different styles on subsequent albums Late Registration, Graduation, and 808s & Heartbreak. In 2010, he released his fifth album My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy to rave reviews from critics, West released his abrasive sixth album, Yeezus, to further critical praise in 2013. His seventh album, The Life of Pablo, was released in 2016, Wests outspoken views and life outside of music have received significant mainstream attention. He has been a frequent source of controversy for his conduct at award shows, on social media and he is the founder and head of the creative content company DONDA. His 2014 marriage to television personality Kim Kardashian has also been subject to media coverage. He has won a total of 21 Grammy Awards, making him one of the most awarded artists of all time, three of his albums have been included and ranked on Rolling Stones 2012 update of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time list. He has also included in a number of Forbes annual lists. Time named him one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2005 and 2015, West was born on June 8,1977 in Atlanta, Georgia. His parents divorced when he was three years old, after the divorce, he and his mother moved to Chicago, Illinois. His father, Ray West, is a former Black Panther and was one of the first black photojournalists at The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Ray West was later a Christian counselor, and in 2006, opened the Good Water Store and Café in Lexington Park, Maryland with startup capital from his son. West, was a professor of English at Clark Atlanta University, West was raised in a middle-class background, attending Polaris High School in suburban Oak Lawn, Illinois after living in Chicago. At the age of 10, West moved with his mother to Nanjing, China, according to his mother, West was the only foreigner in his class, but settled in well and quickly picked up the language, although he has since forgotten most of it. When asked about his grades in school, West replied, I got As. West demonstrated an affinity for the arts at an early age and his mother recalled that she first took notice of Wests passion for drawing and music when he was in the third grade. Growing up in Chicago, West became deeply involved in its hip hop scene and he started rapping in the third grade and began making musical compositions in the seventh grade, eventually selling them to other artists
23.
Maxim (magazine)
–
Maxim has a circulation of about 9 million readers each month. Maxim Digital reaches more than 4 million unique viewers each month, Maxim magazine publishes 16 editions, sold in 75 countries worldwide. Maxim has expanded into other countries, including Australia. It contains content not included in the print version and focuses on the general topics, along with exclusive sections such as the Girls of Maxim galleries. Maxim Video contains video clips of interviews, music videos, photo shoots, on February 5,2005, Maxim Radio, featuring male-oriented talk programming, debuted on Sirius Satellite Radio. Following the Sirius-XM merger in late 2008, the Maxim brand was dropped, the land was sold to MGM Mirage. As of April 23,2009 Dennis Publishing has announced that it no longer continue producing a print edition of Maxim in the UK. In July 2009, Maxim partnered with the UFC for the first-ever Maxim UFC Octagon Girl Search at the UFC Fan Expo,40 girls participated in the contest, and the winner was Natasha Wicks. Quadrangle Group gave up on its investment in Alpha Media Group in August 2009, in 2013, Alpha announced the sale of Maxim to the newly created Darden Media Group, but Darden was unable to raise the money. Calvin Darden, Jr. was later charged with fraud relating to the transaction. Between 2010 and 2012, Maxim eliminated two issues, going from 12 issues a year to 10, and decreased its circulation numbers by 20%, maximum Warrior debuted in 2011, as an online reality competition that tests ten of Americas most elite military operators in ten military-inspired challenges. The videos are available online and on the Maxim app on Xbox Live, several episodes feature Dakota Meyer, Maxims Military Advisor. Maximum Warrior is produced by Grand Street Media, on February 27,2014, entrepreneur Sardar Biglari, the founder of Biglari Holdings and Biglari Capital, purchased Maxim. We plan to build the business on multiple dimensions, he said at the time, during Lanphears tenure, the September 2015 issue featured actor Idris Elba on its cover, marking the first time that the magazine didnt have a woman on the cover. Lanphear left the magazine in November 2015, at one point last year, the staffer said, he decided to throw out a nearly-complete version of the December issue in order to completely redesign the magazine. On January 13,2016 Gilles Bensimon joined Biglari as a creative director. What drew me to Maxim was Sardars vision for the brand, the Centre described Maxim as consisting of sexist bravado and racist imagery. In 2006, Alok Jha of The Guardian criticized Maxim for encouraging excessive alcohol consumption, in June 2007, Israeli diplomat David Saranga invited Maxim to the country
24.
Cheshire
–
Cheshire is a county in North West England, bordering Merseyside and Greater Manchester to the north, Derbyshire to the east, Staffordshire and Shropshire to the south and Wales to the west. Cheshires county town is Chester, the largest town is Warrington, other major towns include Congleton, Crewe, Ellesmere Port, Macclesfield, Northwich, Runcorn, Widnes, Wilmslow, and Winsford. The county covers 905 square miles and has a population of around 1 million and it is mostly rural, with a number of small towns and villages supporting the agricultural and other industries which produce Cheshire cheese, salt, chemicals and silk. Cheshires name was derived from an early name for Chester. Although the name first appears in 980, it is thought that the county was created by Edward the Elder around 920, in the Domesday Book, Chester was recorded as having the name Cestrescir, derived from the name for Chester at the time. A series of changes occurred as English itself changed, together with some simplifications and elision, resulted in the name Cheshire. Because of the close links with the land bordering Cheshire to the west. The Domesday Book records Cheshire as having two complete Hundreds that later became the part of Flintshire. Additionally, another portion of the Duddestan Hundred later became known as Maelor Saesneg when it was transferred to North Wales. For this and other reasons, the Welsh name for Cheshire is sometimes used within Wales, after the Norman conquest of 1066 by William I, dissent and resistance continued for many years after the invasion. In 1069 local resistance in Cheshire was finally put down using draconian measures as part of the Harrying of the North, the ferocity of the campaign against the English populace was enough to end all future resistance. Examples were made of major landowners such as Earl Edwin of Mercia, William I made Cheshire a county palatine and gave Gerbod the Fleming the new title of Earl of Chester. When Gerbod returned to Normandy in about 1070, the king used his absence to declare the earldom forfeit, due to Cheshires strategic location on Welsh Marches, the Earl had complete autonomous powers to rule on behalf of the king in the county palatine. Cheshire in the Domesday Book is recorded as a larger county than it is today. It included two hundreds, Atiscross and Exestan, that became part of North Wales. At the time of the Domesday Book, it included as part of Duddestan Hundred the area of land later known as English Maelor in Wales. The area between the Mersey and Ribble formed part of the returns for Cheshire, an example is the barony of Halton. One of Hugh dAvranches barons has been identified as Robert Nicholls, Baron of Halton, in 1182 the land north of the Mersey became administered as part of the new county of Lancashire, thus resolving any uncertainty about the county in which the land Inter Ripam et Mersam was
25.
Daniel Whiston
–
Daniel J Whiston is an English ice skater. He appeared in Strictly Ice Dancing on BBC One and all series of ITV show Dancing on Ice, Whiston was born on 21 November 1976 in Blackpool and is the son of Marj and William Whiston, he now resides in Poulton-le-Fylde just outside Blackpool. He started ice skating at the age of seven at the Blackpool Pleasure Beachs Ice Arena and he worked in the Arena and took part in his first show there when he was 18 years old. He also appeared in a tour of Grease on Ice in North America and he appears in the DVDs of the Hot Ice shows Quixotic, Xylatomia, H2O, Amarin and Chill. Whiston appeared in the one-off Strictly Ice Dancing broadcast on BBC One on 26 December 2004, Whiston performed at the 2010 Royal Variety Show, performing a combination of roller-blading and acrobatic. Whiston has appeared in series of Dancing on Ice since ITV started broadcasting it in January 2006, he is the first. He is famous for his cheeky wink at the start of each performance. His statistics are as follows, Whiston won the first series of Dancing on Ice on 3 March 2006 with partner, actress Gaynor Faye, in the third series in 2008, Whiston was partnered with another Emmerdale actress, Linda Lusardi and again they initially trained in Bradford. Initial training was problematic as Lusardi broke her foot and they were voted out in week seven, finishing sixth, in a skate-off with actress Zaraah Abrahams and her partner Fred Palascak. Both Whiston and Lusardi appeared in the Dancing on Ice Tour 2008, in the fourth series in 2009, Whiston was partnered with Roxanne Pallett another former Emmerdale actress. In week 8 Daniel and Roxanne were in the skate off against Zöe Salmon, Whiston won the fifth series of Dancing on Ice on 28 March 2010 with yet another former Emmerdale actress and childhood friend Hayley Tamaddon. In the sixth series in 2011, Whiston was partnered with former Reality TV Star Kerry Katona and they were eliminated in week 5, in a skate off against Jeff Brazier & partner Isabelle Gauthier. In the seventh series in 2012 Whistons Partner was Brookside actress Jennifer Ellison and they were eliminated in the semi-final against Jorgie Porter and her partner Matt Evers. Whiston won the series of Dancing on Ice on 10 March 2013. Whison returned for his ninth and final series of Dancing on Ice for its All-Star series in 2014 with Hayley Tamaddon who he won the show with in 2010 and they made it to the final on 9 March 2014 and finished as runners-up. We just finished the tour of Dancing On Ice and it was fantastic, everywhere was sold out. I will be carpet-fitting as well as going into peoples houses delivering, in February 2010 it was revealed that Whiston had undertaken a basic first aid course with the British Red Cross. He said, As a coach as well as a skater, I really enjoyed the course and will definitely be renewing my certificate when it expires
26.
Pantomime
–
Pantomime, is a type of musical comedy stage production, designed for family entertainment. It was developed in England and is performed throughout the United Kingdom, generally during the Christmas and New Year season and, to a lesser extent. It is a form of theatre, in which the audience is expected to sing along with certain parts of the music. Pantomime has a theatrical history in Western culture dating back to classical theatre. It developed partly from the 16th century commedia dellarte tradition of Italy, as well as other European and British stage traditions, such as 17th-century masques, an important part of the pantomime, until the late 19th century, was the harlequinade. Outside Britain the word pantomime is used to mean miming. The Roman pantomime drew upon the Greek tragedy and other Greek genres from its inception, although the art was instituted in Rome, the English word came to be applied to the performance itself. Music was supplied by flute and the pulse of an iron-shod shoe, performances might be in a private household, with minimal personnel, or else lavish theatrical productions involving a large orchestra and chorus and sometimes an ancillary actor. The dancer danced all the roles, relying on masks, stock poses and gestures, Pantomime differed from mime by its more artistic nature and relative lack of farce and coarse humour, though these were not absent from some productions. Precursors of pantomime also included the masque, which grew in pomp, the development of English pantomime was also strongly influenced by the continental commedia dellarte, a form of popular theatre that arose in Italy in the Early Modern Period. Each scenario used some of the stock characters. These included the innamorati, the vecchi such as Pantalone, and zanni such as Arlecchino, Colombina, Scaramouche, Italian masque performances in the 17th century sometimes included the Harlequin character. In the 17th century, adaptations of the characters became familiar in English entertainments. From these, the standard English harlequinade developed, depicting the eloping lovers Harlequin and Columbine, pursued by the girls father Pantaloon and his comic servants Clown, in English versions, by the 18th century, Harlequin became the central figure and romantic lead. The basic plot of the harlequinade remained essentially the same for more than 150 years, tavern Bilkers, by John Weaver, the dancing master at Drury Lane, is cited as the first pantomime produced on the English stage. The same year he produced a pantomime on the subject of Perseus, after this, pantomime was regular feature at Drury Lane. In 1717 at Lincolns Inn, actor and manager John Rich introduced Harlequin into the theatres pantomimes under the name of Lun and he gained great popularity for his pantomimes, especially beginning with his 1724 production of The Necromancer, or, History of Dr. Faustus. These early pantomimes were silent, or dumb show, performances consisting of only dancing, spoken drama was only allowed in London only in the two patent theatres until Parliament changed this restriction in 1843
27.
Cinderella
–
Cinderella, or The Little Glass Slipper, is a folk tale embodying a myth-element of unjust oppression/triumphant reward. Thousands of variants are known throughout the world, the title character is a young woman living in unfortunate circumstances, that are suddenly changed to remarkable fortune. The oldest documented version comes from China, and the oldest European version from Italy, the most popular version was first published by Charles Perrault in Histoires ou contes du temps passé in 1697, and later by the Brothers Grimm in their folk tale collection Grimms Fairy Tales. Although the storys title and main characters change in different languages. The word Cinderella has, by analogy, come to one whose attributes were unrecognized, or one who unexpectedly achieves recognition or success after a period of obscurity. The still-popular story of Cinderella continues to influence popular culture internationally, lending plot elements, allusions, the Aarne–Thompson system classifies Cinderella as the persecuted heroine. The story of Rhodopis, about a Greek slave girl who marries the king of Egypt, is considered the earliest known variant of the Cinderella story, a version of the story, Ye Xian, appeared in Miscellaneous Morsels from Youyang by Duan Chengshi around 860. Here, the hardworking and lovely girl befriends a fish, the rebirth of her mother, the fish is later killed by her stepmother and sister. Ye Xian saves the bones, which are magic, and they help her dress appropriately for the New Year Festival, when she loses her slipper after being recognized by her stepfamily, the king finds her slipper and falls in love with her. The Indonesian and Malaysian story Bawang Merah Bawang Putih, are two girls named Bawang Putih and Bawang Merah. While the two countrys respective versions differ in the relationship of the girls and the identity of the protagonist. Both have a fish as the fairy godmother to her daughter. The heroine then finds the bones and buries them, and over the grave a magical swing appears, the protagonist sits on the swing and sings to make it sway, her song reaching the ears of a passing Prince. The swing is akin to the slipper test, which distinguishes the heroine from her sister. In Indonesia, Bawang Putih is the girl, who suffers at the hands of her evil stepmother and stepsister, Bawang Merah. When the Prince enquires after the singer on the swing, Bawang Merah lies, the angry prince forces Bawang Merah and her mother to tell the truth. They then admit that there is another daughter in the house, Bawang Putih comes out and moves the magical swing by her singing. In the end, she and her prince marry and live happily ever after, in the Malaysian version, it is Bawang Merah and her mother Mak Labu who are good, while her half sister Bawang Putih and her mother Mak Kundur are evil
28.
Theatre Royal, Newcastle
–
The Theatre Royal is a Grade I listed building situated on Grey Street in Newcastle upon Tyne. One of the first managers here was Thomas Ternan who employed his wife, following a performance of William Shakespeares play Macbeth, a huge fire destroyed the interior of the building in 1899. It had its interior redesigned by Frank Matcham and reopened on 31 December 1901, externally, the building is exactly as it was when it was first built. It underwent a refurbishment and restoration in the latter part of the 1980s. The Theatre Royal went dark on 14 March 2011 due to a restoration of the auditorium, box office, bars. The restoration restored the theatre to the original 1901 Frank Matcham Edwardian interior, the whole interior was stripped apart from the original plasterwork which was carefully preserved. The proscenium arch, tiers and boxes were gold leafed and the plasterwork restored, on all levels the seats were replaced with Edwardian-style theatre seats in keeping with the restoration. The amphitheatre which was removed during previous renovations was restored to offer more leg room and this took the theatre to five distinct seating areas, the stalls, grand circle, upper circle, amphitheatre and gallery. Wheelchair spaces were installed on levels which had previously been inaccessible, as well as the boxes near the stage, boxes at the rear of the grand and upper circles were also restored taking the total number of boxes up to ten. The stage lift and orchestra pit were replaced to better facilities for opera. A new ventilation system was put in place to improve comfort levels in the theatre, new frescos for the lobby and upper circle were commissioned and put in place. This £4. 75m project introduced higher standards of comfort and improved energy, the Theatre Royal reopened on 12 September 2011 with Alan Bennett’s epic period drama The Madness of George III, George III was in fact the monarch who gave the Theatre Royal its charter. The theatre currently hosts a variety of shows, including ballet, contemporary dance, drama, musicals, almost all of the shows that come to the Theatre Royal are part of national British tours, and in a typical year the theatre will have 30 to 35 visiting shows. For the annual pantomime, and any visiting musicals and opera performances, the stage itself is also of substantial size, and can house 50 singers, dancers, actors and musicians. Newcastles original Theatre Royal opened on 21 January 1788 and its location on Mosley Street obstructed plans for the redevelopment of the city centre, so it was demolished to make way for the present building. One of the theatres most successful managers at this time was Stephen Kemble of the famous Kemble family, the original theatres final performance was on 25 June 1836. The current theatre has a stage, and accommodates a variable orchestra pit on 2 lifts - which reduces the stall seating. The audience is seated on four levels, stalls, grand circle, upper circle, project A is a one-year actor training programme led by an artistic director and supported by leading industry specialists
29.
Casualty (TV series)
–
Casualty, stylised as CASUAL+Y, is a British medical drama series that airs weekly on BBC One. It is the emergency medical drama television series in the world. Created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin, it was first broadcast in the United Kingdom on BBC One on 6 September 1986, the original producer was Geraint Morris. The programme is set in the fictional Holby City Hospital and focuses on the staff and patients of the hospitals Accident, the show has very few ties to its sister programme Holby City, which began as a spin-off from Casualty in 1999, set in the same hospital. Casualty is shown weekly on a Saturday evening, which has been its time slot since the early 1990s, Casualtys exterior shots were mainly filmed outside the Ashley Down Centre in Bristol from 1986 until 2002 when they moved to the centre of Bristol for just over nine years. In 2011, Casualty celebrated its 25th anniversary, following that, for the Bristol finale, they filmed the Emergency department catching fire, after 25 years in Bristol, Casualty moved to its new home at the Roath Lock Studios in Cardiff where it is currently filmed. The 1, 000th episode of Casualty aired on 25 June 2016, for an episode guide, see List of Casualty episodes. The 30th Anniversary episode of Casualty aired on 27 August 2016, the series was created by Jeremy Brock and Paul Unwin. Casualty and Holby City are both set in Holby City Hospital, in the county of Wyvern, in the south-west of England. City of Bristol College was used as the location for most exterior shots of the hospital from 1986 until 2002, Casualty has also filmed at Chavenage House back in 1997. Episode 16 of series 26 marked the episode filmed in Bristol. The first episode from Cardiff, broadcast on 7 January 2012, was an 80-minute episode, most exterior shots of the city of Holby are now shot within the city of Cardiff and wider area of South Wales. Railway scenes are shot on location at various preserved railways, which from the start of shooting have centred around the West Somerset Railway, the programme has usually been transmitted on Saturday nights, although for a period in the late 1980s and early 1990s it switched to Fridays. The first two series consisted of 15 episodes, series 3 ran for 10 episodes, series 4,5 and 6 were 12,13. When the show moved back to Saturday nights in September 1992, the length was extended to 24 episodes per year. This initially caused controversy due to the graphic and controversial nature of some of the storylines. In 1997-8, the number was increased again, with 26 episodes making up series 12. However, this figure was dropped to 42 for series 26, with no summer break, series 27 consists of 44 episodes – an increase of 2 episodes on the previous series and returned to 48 for series 28
30.
Rock Around the Clock (film)
–
Rock Around the Clock is the title of a 1956 musical film that featured Bill Haley and His Comets along with Alan Freed, the Platters, Tony Martinez and His Band and Freddie Bell and His Bellboys. It was produced by B-movie king Sam Katzman and directed by Fred F. Sears, Rock Around the Clock tells a highly fictionalized rendition of how rock and roll was discovered. As band manager Steve Hollis observes that big band music is failing to draw audiences any longer. Convinced that rock and roll will be the big thing, Hollis strikes a deal to manage the group. Hollis then turns to agent Corinne Talbot, who handles bookings for nearly all of the venues in which Hollis needs the band to play to gain them exposure. Talbots primary interest in Hollis, however, is to have him marry her, first, she books the band into a traditionally conservative venue, expecting them to reject the bands brash new sound. But instead, the dancers there are excited by the music, next, Talbot simply blacklists Hollis and his acts from the venues she controls. But Hollis maneuvers around her by calling in a favor owed to him by disc jockey Alan Freed, the resulting booking in Freeds venue grants the Comets the exposure they need in spite of Talbots efforts. Talbots final play is to agree to sign the group to a contract that will secure their future. Johns agrees to those terms and Talbot launches their career with a national tour, once the contract is signed and the tour begins, however, Hollis reveals that he and Johns married quickly during the time it took to draw up the contract. B. C. The band also performs live on camera during a brief rehearsal prior to lip-synching to the Decca recording of R-O-C-K, a few months prior to shooting the film, the Comets had undergone a major change in personnel, with several members leaving the group. As a result, most of the songs lip-synched in the film feature a different line-up of musicians from those shown performing. The only songs on which all musicians shown on screen were also involved in the session are See You Later Alligator. During the performances of Rock Around the Clock, Franny Beecher is shown playing the guitar for Danny Cedrone, who had originally been on the session. Cedrones guitar work can also be heard on ABC Boogie, the bars of which are performed off-camera. The film advanced the cause of integration by showing white musicians performing in the venues as black performers. Rock Around the Clock was one of the box office successes of 1956. Within a year, Elvis Presley would soon appear in the most popular films of the genre, including Jailhouse Rock and King Creole, Rock, Rock, Rock, The Big Beat and The Girl Cant Help It
31.
Eve Ensler
–
Eve Ensler is an American playwright, performer, feminist, and activist, best known for her play The Vagina Monologues. In 2006 Charles Isherwood of the New York Times called The Vagina Monologues probably the most important piece of theater of the last decade. Ensler was born in New York City, the second of three children of Arthur Ensler, an executive in the industry, and Chris Ensler. She was raised in the suburb of Scarsdale. Ensler says that from the ages of five to 10, she was sexually and physically abused by her father, growing up, she has stated she was very sad, very angry, very defiant. I was the girl with the dirty hair, Ensler attended Middlebury College in Vermont, where she became known as a militant feminist. After graduating in 1975, she had a string of relationships and became dependent on drugs. In 1978, she married Richard Dylan McDermott, a 34-year-old bartender, when she was 23, she adopted Mark Anthony McDermott, her husbands 16-year-old son from his first marriage. Their relationship came to be a one, and Ensler has stated that it taught her how to be a loving human being. After Ensler suffered a miscarriage, Mark took the name she had planned for her baby, Ensler and Dylans father were separated in 1988, the former citing that she needed the independence, the freedom. A June 2010 article by Ensler in The Guardian stated that she was receiving treatment for uterine cancer, Ensler wrote about her experience with cancer in her memoir, In The Body of the World. Ensler wrote The Vagina Monologues in 1996, first performed in the basement of the Cornelia Street Café in Greenwich Village, the play has been translated into 48 languages and performed in over 140 countries. Celebrities who have starred in it include, Jane Fonda, Whoopi Goldberg, Idina Menzel, Glenn Close, Susan Sarandon, Marin Mazzie, Cyndi Lauper, Mary Testa, Sandra Oh and Oprah Winfrey. Ensler was awarded the Obie Award in 1996 for Best New Play and she has also received the Berrilla-Kerr Award for Playwriting, the Elliot Norton Award for Outstanding Solo Performance, and the Jury Award for Theater at the U. S. Enslers memoir In the Body of the World was released on April 30,2013, booklist reviewed the book, saying, This is a ravishing book of revelation and healing, lashing truths and deep emotion, courage and perseverance, compassion and generosity. She contributed the piece Theater, A Sacred Home for Women to the 2003 anthology Sisterhood Is Forever, The Womens Anthology for a New Millennium, edited by Robin Morgan. The Good Body addresses why women of many cultures and backgrounds perceive pressure to change the way they look in order to be accepted in the eyes of society, enslers play, The Treatment debuted on September 12,2006, at the Culture Project in New York City. This play explores the moral and psychological trauma that are the result of participation in military conflicts and it stars her adoptive son, Dylan McDermott
32.
Nikki Sanderson
–
During her time at Coronation Street and since, she has also forged a career as a glamour model and television presenter on programmes such as CD, UK, Junior Eurovision and Ministry of Mayhem. Sanderson was born in Blackpool, Lancashire and joined Coronation Street in 1999 and left in autumn 2005, prior to this, she had appeared in childrens drama Childrens Ward and in 2004, the hit fitness DVD Coronation Street - Funk fit. Since leaving Coronation Street she has appeared in episodes of the BBC television series Holby City and New Street Law alongside fellow Coronation Street alumni Chris Gascoyne and Chris Bisson. In 2006, Sanderson appeared in a production of The Vagina Monologues with Jerry Hall amongst others. She has also appeared on The X Factor, Battle of the Stars in the solo 16-24 category, at the time, though, Sanderson was suffering from tonsillitis and was straining her voice to sing. For 2006 and 2007, she was signed up by hip sports fashion footwear brand KangaROOS to head up their high-profile new print advertising campaign, however these reports were later dismissed by Sanderson during an appearance on ITVs Loose Women due to scheduling problems. She appeared in the Tuareg Productions play Living Under One Roof at the Theatre Royal and she appeared in the second series of All Star Family Fortunes which aired on 25 December 2007. In 2008 she joined the cast of the ITV1 series, Heartbeat, set in the 1960s and she played the part of Audrey in the horror film Boogeyman 3 released in 2009. She plays the character Gee Gee, a teacher, in the 2008 film Clubbed. Sanderson starred in the 2010 UK tour of The Vagina Monologues, in September 2012, it was announced that Sanderson had joined the cast of Hollyoaks as Maxine Minniver. Sandersons first episode was aired on 5 November 2012, in December 2012, Sanderson appeared in pantomime as Peter Pan at the Gracie Fields Theatre in Rochdale. For her portrayal of Maxine, Sanderson received nominations for the Best Actress award at the British Soap Awards 2014 and 2015 and she was also nominated for Beat Serial Performance at the National Television Awards 2015. Sanderson dated her former Coronation Street co-star Danny Young from 2005 to February 2009, nikki Sanderson at the Internet Movie Database World Vision UK website Video interview on ITV Local Yorkshire
33.
The Rocky Horror Show
–
The Rocky Horror Show is a musical with music, lyrics and book by Richard OBrien. Various international productions have since spanned across six continents as well as West End and Broadway revivals, Actor Tim Curry, who originated the role of Dr Frank N. Furter in the original London production, became particularly associated with the musical. The musical was adapted into the 1975 film The Rocky Horror Picture Show, starring OBrien as Riff Raff, with Curry also reprising his role, in 2016 it was adapted into the television film The Rocky Horror Picture Show, Lets Do the Time Warp Again. The musical was ranked eighth in a BBC Radio 2 listener poll of the Nations Number One Essential Musicals, as an out-of-work actor in London in the early 1970s, Richard OBrien wrote The Rocky Horror Show to keep himself busy on winter evenings. A major theme running throughout the musical is transvestitism, which according to OBrien was not originally meant to be as prominent as it would end up being. OBrien conceived and wrote the set against the backdrop of the glam era that had manifested itself throughout British popular culture in the 1970s. Allowing his concept to come into being, OBrien states glam rock allowed me to be myself more, Sharman had received considerable local acclaim as the director of the original Australian productions of Hair and Jesus Christ Superstar. He went to London to direct the first British stage production of Superstar, during which he met OBrien, Sharman brought in fellow Australians Nell Campbell and long-time scenic designer partner Brian Thomson to the production. Star Tim Curry recalled his first encounter with the script, Id heard about the play because I lived on Paddington Street, off Baker Street, and there was an old gym a few doors away. I saw Richard OBrien in the street, and he said hed just been to the gym to see if he could find a muscleman who could sing, I said, Why do you need him to sing. And he told me that his musical was going to be done and he gave me the script, and I thought, Boy, if this works, its going to be a smash. The original creative team was rounded out by costume designer Sue Blane and musical director Richard Hartley. Michael White was also brought in to produce Rocky Horror, as the musical went into rehearsal, the working title for it became They Came from Denton High, but it was changed just before previews at the suggestion of Sharman to The Rocky Horror Show. After two previews, the show premiered – without an interval – at the Royal Courts 63-seat Theatre Upstairs on 19 June 1973, King was involved heavily in the initial promotion for the show as well as being the minority backer of it financially with White having a majority share. The impact at the Royal Court Upstairs allowed the production be transferred to the 230-seat Chelsea Classic Cinema nearby on Kings Road from 14 August 1973 to 20 October 1973. Rocky Horror found a quasi-permanent home at the 500-seat Kings Road Theatre even further down Kings Road from 3 November 1973, the show received critical praise and won the 1973 Evening Standard Award for Best Musical. Its run at the Kings Road Theatre ended on 31 March 1979 before transferring to the Comedy Theatre to begin performances on 6 April 1979. At the new venue, Rocky Horror required some restaging as it was the first theatre that the musical had played at with a proscenium arch stage
34.
Merseyside
–
Merseyside is a metropolitan county in North West England, with a population of 1.38 million. Merseyside, which was created on 1 April 1974 as a result of the Local Government Act 1972, Merseyside spans 249 square miles of land which border Lancashire, Greater Manchester, Cheshire and the Irish Sea to the west. North Wales is across the Dee Estuary, there is a mix of high density urban areas, suburbs, semi-rural and rural locations in Merseyside, but overwhelmingly the land use is urban. For the 12 years following 1974 the county had a system of local government. The county council was abolished in 1986, and so its districts are now effectively unitary authority areas, Merseyside is joined by the neighbouring borough of Halton to form the Liverpool City Region, which together forms a local enterprise partnership and combined authority area. Further areas, including Widnes and Runcorn, were added to the Special Review Area by Order in 1965, draft proposals were published in 1965, but the commission never completed its final proposals as it was abolished in 1966. This would have included four districts, Southport/Crosby, Liverpool/Bootle, St. Helens/Widnes, in 1970 the Merseyside Passenger Transport Executive was set up, covering Liverpool, Sefton, Wirral and Knowsley, but excluding Southport and St. Helens. The Redcliffe-Maud Report was rejected by the incoming Conservative Party government, a White Paper was published in 1971. The Local Government Bill presented to Parliament involved a substantial trimming from the White Paper, excluding the northern and southern fringes of the area, excluding Chester, following the creation of Merseyside, Merseytravel expanded to take in St Helens and Southport. Between 1974 and 1986 the county had a system of local government with the five boroughs sharing power with the Merseyside County Council. However, in 1986 the government of Margaret Thatcher abolished the county council along with all other county councils. The eastern part of Merseyside borders onto Lancashire to the north, Greater Manchester to the east, the territory comprising the county of Merseyside previously formed part of the administrative counties of Lancashire and Cheshire. The two parts are linked by the two Mersey Tunnels, the Wirral Line of Merseyrail, and the Mersey Ferry, to express location within the Merseyside area by the preposition on – thus on Merseyside as opposed to in Merseyside – was traditionally the more usual. Therefore, more recent usage tends to draw distinctions between the geographical Merseyside – for which on is considered appropriate – and the Metropolitan county of Merseyside, Merseyside contains the metropolitan boroughs of Liverpool, Knowsley, Sefton, St. Helens and Wirral. This is a chart of trend of gross value added of Merseyside at current basic prices published by Office for National Statistics with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling. This also has a usage by some local authorities and organisations and is used by Geographers A-Z Map Company for their Merseyside Street Atlas. However, a separate City region, comprising Merseyside and Halton, has official recognition as being Greater Merseyside. Halton also forms part of the Merseyside NUTS region, List of Lord Lieutenants of Merseyside List of High Sheriffs of Merseyside 1911 Liverpool general transport strike List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Merseyside Dickinson, Joseph
35.
Some Girls
–
Some Girls is the 14th British and 16th American studio album by the Rolling Stones, released in 1978 on Rolling Stones Records. It reached number one on the Billboard 200 album chart, and became the top selling album in the United States. It was a critical success, becoming the only Rolling Stones album to be nominated for a Grammy in the Album of the Year category. Many reviewers called it a return to form and their best album since 1972s Exile on Main St. By 1976, the Rolling Stones popularity was in decline as the charts were dominated by music and newer bands such as Aerosmith. In the UK, the rock movement was a rising force. The group had failed to produce a critically acclaimed album since 1972s Exile On Main St. At least as important for the bands re-invigoration was the addition of Ronnie Wood to the line-up and his guitar playing style meshed with that of Keith Richards, and slide guitar playing would become one of the bands hallmarks. His unconventional uses of the instrument featured prominently on Some Girls, in addition, Jagger, who had learned to play guitar over the previous decade, contributed a third guitar part to many songs. This gave songs like Respectable a three-guitar line-up, Jagger is generally regarded as the principal creative force behind Some Girls. He was able to attend the sessions for the album. Jagger claimed in a 1995 interview to have written a number of the albums songs, including its signature song. The inspiration for the record was based in New York. I think that gave it a spur and hardness. And then, of course, there was the thing that had started in 1976. Punk and disco were going on at the time, so it was quite an interesting period. Paris and New York had all this Latin dance music, which was quite wonderful. Much more interesting than the stuff that came afterward, ian McLagan, Woods bandmate from the Faces, played keyboards, and harmonica player Sugar Blue contributed to several songs
36.
Age UK
–
The charity operated as Age Concern and Help the Aged until the new brand launch on 19 April 2010. The merger was the largest among charities in the UK since that of the Cancer Research Campaign, the merger was first confirmed in September, when Dianne Jeffrey was confirmed as the new chair of trustees. Tom Wright CBE, previously chief executive of VisitBritain, and Trustee of the Imperial War Museum was appointed Chief Executive of the new charity in November 2008. Products and services can be purchased online through Age UK’s website, by telephone. In 1940, the Old People’s Welfare Committee, chaired by Eleanor Rathbone, was formed as a forum for discussion between government and voluntary organisations, OPWC was a sub-committee of Liverpool Personal Service Society. In 1944, the changed its name to the National Old People’s Welfare Committee. In 1971, under the direction of David Hobman, the NOPWC changed its name to Age Concern, and separated itself entirely from government. The directors of Age Concern England have included David Hobman, Sally Greengross, in 1986 Age Concern established an Institute of Gerontology at Kings College London into which it folded its own Age Concern Research Unit. Help the Aged was founded in 1961 by Cecil Jackson-Cole, with the aim to free disadvantaged older people from poverty, isolation, the two brand logos from the merged charities will gradually disappear now that the new Age UK brand has been launched and new brand-awareness develops during 2010. Hollywood stars Eleanor Bron, Brian Cox and Ian McKellen appeared in a series of TV advertisements to support the new charity, all three actors gave their time free of charge. Tom Wright, the new charitys Chief Executive, stated Age Concern, by combining the unique strengths, skills and experience of our two great charities, we have created one united organisation that will be stronger and more influential than ever before. In January 2016, it was announced that Age UKs would be one of the charities for Santanders The Discovery Project alongside Barnardos. As well giving as financial donations to the charity project, Santander will also allow staff to volunteer on the phonelines, in April 2012, Age UK launched the The Wireless radio station. Initially an Internet-only station, broadcasting 24 Hours a day, featuring Graham Dene and David Hamilton as the lead presenters, The Wireless provides a mix of music, entertainment, and information to improve later life in the UK. Age UK, registered charity no.1128267, Age UK, Registered Cause at EasyFundraising. org. uk
37.
The Wedding Singer
–
The Wedding Singer is a 1998 American romantic comedy film written by Tim Herlihy and directed by Frank Coraci. It stars Adam Sandler as a singer in the 1980s. It was produced by Robert Simonds for US$18 million and grossed $80.2 million in the United States and it was a box office hit and critically acclaimed with many calling it Sandlers best movie. Many have praised the chemistry of him and Barrymore, the film was later adapted into a stage musical of the same name, debuting on Broadway in April 2006 and closing on New Years Eve of that same year. In 1985, Robbie Hart is an engaging and entertaining wedding singer from Ridgefield and he is engaged to his long-time girlfriend, Linda, who was attracted to him at a time when he dreamed of becoming a rock star. He meets and befriends a waitress, Julia Sullivan, at the hall where he regularly performs. She is also engaged to businessman Glenn Gulia and he promises to sing at their wedding, on their wedding day, Robbies sister, Kate, tells him that Linda has changed her mind about the wedding, leaving him emotionally devastated and humiliated. Later that day, Linda visits Robbie and she reveals that she stopped loving him when she found out that he lost his ambitions of being a rock star and instead became a wedding singer. She tells him that talking to her friends, she realizes she cant continue lying to herself. He tries to move on with his life, but despair hinders his performances, Julia tries to cheer him up and later asks him to help her plan her own wedding. He eventually agrees and their friendship blossoms, meanwhile, as he spends more time with her, she begins to realize how shallow Linda is. During a double date between Julia and Glenn, and Julias cousin, Holly, Robbie learns that Glenn frequently cheats on Julia, Julia and Robbie are increasingly confused by their deepening feelings for each other. He tells her he has plans to retire from singing and pursue a more conventional career and she becomes angry with him for assuming that she is marrying Glenn for his money. When he arrives, he sees her through her bedroom window and she is wearing her wedding dress, to which he mistakenly concludes that she is looking forward to marrying Glenn. In actuality, she is expressing doubts about him, particularly her new name of Julia Gulia, heartbroken, Robbie leaves to get drunk and finds Glenn in the midst of his pre-bachelor party. After a heated exchange, he punches Robbie and proceeds to mock him, an intoxicated Robbie goes home and finds Linda waiting for him and wanting to reconcile. He passes out, but the morning, she answers the door. She runs to Glenn, wanting to be married immediately and he happily offers to take her to Las Vegas
38.
Adam Sandler
–
Adam Richard Sandler is an American actor, comedian, screenwriter, film producer, and musician. After becoming a Saturday Night Live cast member, Sandler went on to star in many Hollywood feature films that combined have grossed over $2 billion at the box office. He has ventured into more dramatic territory with his roles in Punch-Drunk Love, Spanglish, Reign Over Me, Sandler has released five comedy albums in his career. Theyre All Gonna Laugh at You. and What the Hell Happened to Me. are both certified double-platinum, in 1999, Sandler founded Happy Madison Productions. Sandler was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1966, to Judith Judy, a school teacher, and Stanley Sandler. His family is Jewish and descends from Russian and Israeli immigrants on both sides and he grew up in Manchester, New Hampshire after moving there at the age of six. He attended Manchester Central High School, as a teen, Sandler was in BBYO, a popular Jewish youth group. Sandler graduated from New York Universitys Tisch School of the Arts in 1988, early in his career, Sandler played Theo Huxtables friend, Smitty in The Cosby Show and the Stud Boy or Trivia Delinquent in the MTV game show Remote Control. After his film debut Going Overboard in 1989, Sandler performed in comedy clubs and he was discovered by comedian Dennis Miller, who caught Sandlers act in Los Angeles and recommended him to Saturday Night Live producer Lorne Michaels. Sandler told Conan OBrien on The Tonight Show that NBC fired him, in 1993, Adam Sandler appeared in the film Coneheads with Chris Farley, David Spade, Dan Aykroyd, Phil Hartman, and Jane Curtin. In 1994, he co-starred in Airheads with Brendan Fraser and Steve Buscemi and he followed this film with Bulletproof, and the financially successful comedies Happy Gilmore and The Wedding Singer. He was initially cast in the bachelor-party-themed comedy/thriller Very Bad Things but had to back out due to his involvement in The Waterboy, although his earliest films did not receive critical praise, he started to receive more positive reviews, beginning with Punch-Drunk Love in 2002. Roger Eberts review of Punch-Drunk Love concluded that Sandler had been wasted in earlier films with poorly written scripts, Sandler has moved outside the genre of slapstick comedy to take on more serious parts such as the aforementioned Punch-Drunk Love, Spanglish and Reign Over Me. He played a father figure in Big Daddy. He returned to more dramatic fare with Mike Binders Reign Over Me and he starred with Kevin James in the film I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry. Sandler headlined You Dont Mess with the Zohan, the film was written by Sandler, Judd Apatow, and Robert Smigel, it was directed by Dennis Dugan. It marked as Sandlers first family film and first film under the Walt Disney banner, in 2009, Sandler starred in Judd Apatows third directorial feature Funny People. The film was released on July 31,2009, Sandler appeared in Grown Ups, alongside Kevin James, Chris Rock, Rob Schneider, and David Spade
39.
Drew Barrymore
–
Drew Blythe Barrymore is an American actress, author, director, model and producer. She is a member of the Barrymore family of American stage and film actors, Barrymore began acting on television, and soon transitioned to film with roles in E. T. the Extra-Terrestrial and Irreconcilable Differences. Following a turbulent childhood that was marked by drug and alcohol abuse with two stints in rehab, she wrote her autobiography, Little Girl Lost and she appeared in a string of hit films, including Poison Ivy, Boys on the Side, Scream and Ever After. She has also co-starred with Adam Sandler in The Wedding Singer,50 First Dates, Other acting credits include Music and Lyrics, Hes Just Not That Into You, Going the Distance and Miss You Already. Barrymore won the Screen Actors Guild Award and the Golden Globe Award for her portrayal of Little Edie in Grey Gardens, Barrymore currently stars with Timothy Olyphant in the Netflix comedy series Santa Clarita Diet. She was named an Ambassador Against Hunger for the UN World Food Programme, since then, she has donated over $1 million to the program. A recipient of a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, Barrymore was born in Culver City, California, to actor John and Jaid, an aspiring actress. Barrymores mother was born in a displaced persons camp in Brannenburg, West Germany and her parents divorced in 1984, when she was nine years old. She is one of four children with a half-brother, John and her godfather is Steven Spielberg while her godmother is Anna Strasberg, Lee Strasbergs widow. Meanwhile, Barrymore is the god-daughter of director Steven Spielberg, Barrymore recounted in her 1989 autobiography, Little Girl Lost, early memories of her abusive father, who left the family when Barrymore was six months old. They never had anything resembling a significant relationship and seldom spoke to each other, Barrymore grew up on Poinsetta Place in West Hollywood until the age of 7, when she moved to Sherman Oaks. In her 2015 memoir Wildflower, she says she talks like a girl because she grew up in Sherman Oaks. She moved back to West Hollywood upon becoming emancipated at 14, Barrymore attended elementary school at Fountain Day School in West Hollywood and Country School. In the wake of her stardom, Barrymore endured a notoriously troubled childhood. Her nightlife and constant partying became a subject with the media. She was in rehab at the age of fourteen, where she spent eighteen months in an institution for the mentally ill, a suicide attempt, also at age fourteen, put her back in rehab, followed by a three-month stay with singer David Crosby and his wife. The stay was precipitated, Crosby said, because she needed to be some people that were committed to sobriety. Barrymore later described this period of her life in her autobiography, after a successful juvenile court petition for emancipation, she moved into her own apartment at the age of fifteen
40.
Ray Quinn
–
Raymond Arthur Ray Quinn is an English actor, singer, and dancer. He first rose to prominence when he appeared as Anthony Murray in the Channel 4 soap opera Brookside, Quinn achieved more public recognition when he auditioned for the third series of The X Factor in 2006, eventually becoming a fan favourite and finishing in second place behind Leona Lewis. Ray won the series of Dancing on Ice in 2009. On 22 February 2015, he was the winner for the first series of Get Your Act Together, born in Knowsley, Merseyside, in 1988, Ray is the youngest of three sons born to Val Quinn, and Ray Sr. He attended Rudston Junior School in Childwall, and Gateacre Comprehensive School in Liverpool, at the age of six, he started dancing lessons at the Chiltern School of Dance and Drama, under the guidance and teaching of Colette Byatt. Following his national recognition as a actor, he transferred over to the Merseyside Dance and Drama College. Ray cites his vocal coach, Suzanne Taylor, as an influence in his career. From 2000 to 2003, Quinn portrayed the role of victimised yet tormented child Anthony Murray in the Channel 4 soap opera and he performed and was credited under his full name, Raymond Quinn. Murrays featured storylines on the programme included bullying and murder, the child killing became a controversial subject on television and in the media, to which some people have called it one of the most shocking storylines in British television history. His dramatic performance as Murray was well received by critics and fans, after his appearance on Brookside ended, he guest starred in an episode of Merseybeat, in which he played criminal Leon Marsh. He also appeared in the episode The Singing Cactus for the BBC series, The Afternoon Play as John Reilly, who grieves after his mothers death and flees into his own world with his singing cactus. Quinn rose to prominence when he auditioned for the third series of The X Factor, singing a medley of Aint That a Kick in the Head. Prior to appearing on the show, he was an arts student at the Merseyside Dance and Drama College. He received three yeses from the judges, and progressed through to bootcamp, Quinn was placed in the 16-24s category, with Simon Cowell as his mentor. However, whilst singing in front of Cowell and Sinitta, he partially stumbled, initially, he was told he wasnt progressing through to judges houses, but a change within the series format allowed him to successfully continue with the competition. He later sang Smile for his judges houses performance, and afterwards was granted a place as one of the four acts through to the live shows, during the live shows, many of Quinns song choices and performances were old-fashioned and swing-based. Louis Walsh and Sharon Osbourne, in the stages of the competition. However, in the stages, he widened the range of his performances more into singing pop songs
