The Rulers of Circassia refers to the figures who held supreme authority over Circassia. This role evolved from a symbolic feudal title into a formal executive office established to coordinate nationa

Hajji Gerandiqo Berzeg was a Circassian military commander who served as the leader of the Circassian Confederation from 1860 to 1864. Most of his life, including his late childhood, was spent in the