The Russian Federation possesses the world's largest arsenal of nuclear weapons, with 5,420 nuclear warheads, with 1,794 deployed. It also inherited the expansive Soviet biological and chemical weapon
A Topol-M intercontinental ballistic missile on display in Red Square, Moscow.
A Russian ICBM in Red Square during the Moscow Victory Day Parade, 2023.
The RT-2PM2 Topol-M is one of the most recent intercontinental ballistic missiles to be deployed by Russia
Soviet OTR-21 Tochka missile. Capable of firing a 100-kiloton nuclear warhead a distance of 185 km
Nuclear weapons of China
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China's stockpile of nuclear weapons is the world's third-largest, estimated at 620 nuclear warheads as of 2026. China was the fifth country to develop nuclear weapons, conducting its first test in 19
The mushroom cloud from Project 596, China's first nuclear test, Lop Nur, 1964.
Celebration of the fourth Chinese nuclear test, launched on a Dongfeng-2 missile, Tiananmen Square, October 1966.
![China's first submarine-launched ballistic missile, the JL-1, during its first successful sea test, 1982.[citation needed]](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/23/Julang-1_submarine-launched_ballistic_missile_first_successful_sea_test%2C_12_October_1982.jpg/500px-Julang-1_submarine-launched_ballistic_missile_first_successful_sea_test%2C_12_October_1982.jpg)
China's first submarine-launched ballistic missile, the JL-1, during its first successful sea test, 1982.[citation needed]
A mock-up of China's first nuclear bomb.