The Russian Orthodox Cross is a variation of the Christian cross used since the 16th century in Russia, although it bears some similarity to a cross with a bottom crossbeam slanted the other way found
Cross-over-Crescent variation of the Orthodox Cross at the Plevna Chapel in Moscow
Double-sided icon with Christ Pantocrator and an Orthodox cross, Constantinople, 15th century
A folio from the Vani Gospels manuscript, copied at the behest of Queen Tamar.
A 17th-century miniature of the Battle of Kulikovo (1380). A warrior bears a red banner with a cross.
The patriarchal cross is a variant of the Christian cross, the religious symbol of Christianity, and is also known as the Cross of Lorraine. Similar to the Latin cross, the patriarchal cross possesses
Russian Orthodox cross
…cross" is also the name for a Latin cross with outwardly spreading ends, as it was the most common cruciform in the Byzantine Empire. Other crosses (patriarchal cross, Russian Orthodox cross, etc.) are sometimes denominated as Byzantine crosses, as they also were used in Byzantine culture. Sometimes it is also called…
A solidus of Emperor Theodosius III (r. 715–717) holding a globus cruciger surmounted by a patriarchal cross.
A fresco of Serbian Emperor Stefan Dušan holding the patriarchal cross in the manner of a Byzantine Emperor.
Saint Stephen, the first King of Hungary (1000–1038).
Hungarian flag from Königsfelden Monastery from the first half of the 14th century, from the monastery of Agnes of Habsburg, widow of King Andrew III of Hungary (1290–1301)