1.
Pawtucket, Rhode Island
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Pawtucket /pəˈtʌkᵻt/ is a city in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 71,148 at the 2010 census and it is the fourth largest city in the state. Pawtucket borders Providence, Rhode Island and the state of Massachusetts, the name Pawtucket comes from the Algonquian word for river fall. The Pawtucket region was said to have one of the most populous places in New England prior to the arrival of European settlers. Native Americans would gather here to take advantage of the salmon, the first European settler here was Joseph Jenckes, who came to the region from Lynn, Massachusetts. He purchased about 60 acres near Pawtucket Falls in 1671 and he established a sawmill and forge. These, along with the town, were later destroyed during King Philips War. Other settlers followed Jencks, and by 1775 the area was home to manufacturers of muskets, linseed oil, potash, also around this time Oziel Wilkinson and his family set up an iron forge making anchors, nails, screws, farm implements, and even canons. Originally, the land west of the Blackstone River was part of nearby North Providence, East of the Blackstone River was originally settled as part of the Massachusetts town of Rehoboth, then was incorporated as Pawtucket, Massachusetts in 1828. In 1862 the eastern portion was absorbed into Providence County, Rhode Island, in 1874, the land west of the river was taken from North Providence and added to the town of Pawtucket, and in 1885-1886 West and East Pawtucket were merged and the city was incorporated. Pawtucket was an early and important center of cotton textiles during the American Industrial Revolution, Slater Mill, built in 1793 by Samuel Slater on the Blackstone River falls in downtown Pawtucket, was the first fully mechanized cotton-spinning mill in America. Slater Mill is known for developing a successful production process not reliant on earlier horse-drawn processes developed in America. Slater constructed and operated machines for producing yarn, other manufacturers continued, transforming Pawtucket into a center for textiles, iron working, and other products. By the 1920s, Pawtucket was a mill town. The city boasted over a half-dozen movie theatres, two hotels, and an impressive collection of fine commercial and residential architecture. Perhaps the most impressive building in Pawtucket was the Leroy Theatre. Many wealthy mill owners such as Darius Goff built their mansions in the area, the textile business in New England declined during the Great Depression with many manufacturers closing or moving their facilities South where operations and labor were cheaper. Later in the 20th Century, Pawtucket lost much of its heritage to the wrecking ball
2.
Woodland Hills, Los Angeles
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Woodland Hills is a neighborhood bordering the Santa Monica Mountains in the San Fernando Valley region of the city of Los Angeles, California. Woodland Hills is an affluent neighborhood in the region of the San Fernando Valley which is located east of Calabasas. On the north it is bordered by West Hills, Canoga Park, and Winnetka, some neighborhoods are in the foothills of the Santa Monica Mountains. Running east–west through the community are U. S. Route 101 and Ventura Boulevard, the first Europeans to enter the San Fernando Valley were the Portola Expedition in 1769, exploring Alta California for Spanish missions and settlements locations. Seeing it from present-day Sepulveda Pass, the oak savanna inspired them to call the area El Valle de Santa Catalina de Bononia de Los Encinos, the Mission San Fernando Rey de España was established in 1797 and controlled the Valleys land, including future Woodland Hills. Ownership of the half of the valley, south of present-day Roscoe Boulevard from Toluca Lake to Woodland Hills. Moses Sherman and others in 1910, victor Girard Kleinberger bought 2,886 acres in the area from Chandlers group and founded the town of Girard in 1922. He sought to attract residents and businesses by developing an infrastructure, advertising in newspapers and his 300 pepper trees formed a canopy over Canoga Ave. between Ventura Boulevard and Saltillo St. became Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument #93 in 1972. The community of Girard was eventually incorporated into Los Angeles, Woodland Hills has a firmly subtropical mediterranean climate. Within the San Fernando Valley, Woodland Hills generally experiences some of the extreme temperature changes season to season than other regions. During the summer, temperatures are very hot, while during the winter. On July 22,2006, Woodland Hills recorded the highest temperature ever in Los Angeles County, the climate is classified as a Csa in the Köppen climate classification, which is characterized by mild, rainy winters and hot, dry summers. This climate is referred to as mediterranean. Precipitation in Woodland Hills averages much the same as most other regions of the west San Fernando Valley, in 2008 the population of Woodland Hills was approximately 63,000. The median age in 2000 was 40, considered old when compared to city and county jurisdictions. As of the 2000 census, and according to the Los Angeles Almanac, there were 67,006 people and 29,119 households residing in Woodland Hills. The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 79. 90% White,6. 97% Asian,0. 13% Pacific Islander,3. 34% African American,0. 33% Native American,4. 80% from other races, and 4. 52% from two or more races. 11. 94% of the population were Hispanic of any race, in population, it is one of the least dense neighborhoods in Los Angeles, and the percentage of white people is high for the county
3.
Holy Cross Cemetery, Culver City
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Holy Cross Cemetery is a Roman Catholic cemetery at 5835 West Slauson Avenue in Culver City, California, United States, operated by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles. It is partially in the Culver City city limits, opened in 1939, Holy Cross comprises 200 acres. It contains—amongst others—the graves and tombs of showbusiness professionals, many celebrities are in the sections near The Grotto in the southwest part of the cemetery, after entering the main gate, turn left and follow the leftmost road up the hill. Use the following links to find someone. Vince Edwards, actor Richard Egan, actor John Fante, novelist, short-story, dixie Lee, actress, dancer and singer. Monaco, composer Ricardo Montalbán, actor Carlotta Monti, actress Thelma Morgan, socialite, twin sister of Gloria Morgan Vanderbilt, geological Survey Geographic Names Information System, Holy Cross Cemetery
4.
Silent film
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A silent film is a film with no synchronized recorded sound, especially with no spoken dialogue. The silent film era lasted from 1895 to 1936, in silent films for entertainment, the dialogue is transmitted through muted gestures, mime and title cards which contain a written indication of the plot or key dialogue. During silent films, a pianist, theatre organist, or, in large cities, pianists and organists would either play from sheet music or improvise, an orchestra would play from sheet music. The term silent film is therefore a retronym—that is, a term created to distinguish something retroactively, the early films with sound, starting with The Jazz Singer in 1927, were referred to as talkies, sound films, or talking pictures. A September 2013 report by the United States Library of Congress announced that a total of 70% of American silent feature films are believed to be completely lost, the earliest precursors of film began with image projection through the use of a device known as the magic lantern. This utilized a glass lens, a shutter and a persistent light source, such as a powerful lantern and these slides were originally hand-painted, but still photographs were used later on after the technological advent of photography in the nineteenth century. The invention of a practical photography apparatus preceded cinema by only fifty years, the next significant step towards film creation was the development of an understanding of image movement. Simulations of movement date as far back as to 1828 and only four years after Paul Roget discovered the phenomenon he called Persistence of Vision. This experience was further demonstrated through Rogets introduction of the thaumatrope, the first projected primary proto-movie was made by Eadweard Muybridge between 1877 and 1880. Muybridge set up a row of cameras along a racetrack and timed image exposures to capture the many stages of a horses gallop, the oldest surviving film was created by Louis Le Prince in 1888. It was a film of people walking in Oakwood streets garden. Edison also made a business of selling Kinetograph and Kinetoscope equipment, due to Edisons lack of securing an international patent on his film inventions, similar devices were invented around the world. The Lumière brothers, for example, created the Cinématographe in France, the Cinématographe proved to be a more portable and practical device than both of Edisons as it combined a camera, film processor and projector in one unit. In contrast to Edisons peepshow-style kinetoscope, which one person could watch through a viewer. Their first film, Sortie de lusine Lumière de Lyon, shot in 1894, is considered the first true motion picture, the invention of celluloid film, which was strong and flexible, greatly facilitated the making of motion pictures. This film was 35 mm wide and pulled using four sprocket holes and this doomed the cinematograph, which could only use film with just one sprocket hole. From the very beginnings of film production, the art of motion pictures grew into maturity in the silent era. Silent filmmakers pioneered the art form to the extent that virtually every style, the silent era was also pioneering era from a technical point of view
5.
Narragansett, Rhode Island
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Narragansett is a town in Washington County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 15,868 at the 2010 census, however, during the summer months the towns population more than doubles to near 34,000. The town is known as Gansett. The town of Narragansett occupies a strip of land running along the eastern bank of the Pettaquamscutt River to the shore of Narragansett Bay. It was separated from South Kingstown in 1888, and incorporated as a town in 1901, for geographic and demographic information on the village of Narragansett Pier, which is part of Narragansett, see the article Narragansett Pier. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has an area of 37.8 square miles. As of the census of 2000, there were 16,361 people,6,846 households, the population density was 1,156.5 people per square mile. There were 9,159 housing units at a density of 647.4 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 95. 84% White,0. 75% African American,0. 90% Native American,0. 76% Asian,0. 02% Pacific Islander,0. 34% from other races, and 1. 40% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1. 25% of the population, of all households 27. 2% were made up of individuals and 9. 0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the family size was 2.86. In the town, the population was out with 17. 3% under the age of 18,19. 6% from 18 to 24,25. 0% from 25 to 44,24. 6% from 45 to 64. The median age was 36 years, for every 100 females there were 94.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.4 males, the median income for a household in the town was $50,363, and the median income for a family was $67,571. Males had an income of $45,436 versus $31,759 for females. The per capita income for the town was $28,194, out of the 2,743 in poverty, college students represented 71% of that group. In comparison, statewide college students make up only 13.7 percent of the population in poverty. This large college factor, in a small community has a profound impact on the overall poverty rate
6.
Abraham Lincoln
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Abraham Lincoln was an American politician and lawyer who served as the 16th President of the United States from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865. Lincoln led the United States through its Civil War—its bloodiest war and perhaps its greatest moral, constitutional, in doing so, he preserved the Union, abolished slavery, strengthened the federal government, and modernized the economy. Born in Hodgenville, Kentucky, Lincoln grew up on the frontier in Kentucky. Largely self-educated, he became a lawyer in Illinois, a Whig Party leader, elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1846, Lincoln promoted rapid modernization of the economy through banks, tariffs, and railroads. Reentering politics in 1854, he became a leader in building the new Republican Party, in 1860, Lincoln secured the Republican Party presidential nomination as a moderate from a swing state. Though he gained little support in the slaveholding states of the South. Subsequently, on April 12,1861, a Confederate attack on Fort Sumter inspired the North to enthusiastically rally behind the Union. Politically, Lincoln fought back by pitting his opponents against each other, by carefully planned political patronage and his Gettysburg Address became an iconic endorsement of the principles of nationalism, republicanism, equal rights, liberty, and democracy. Lincoln initially concentrated on the military and political dimensions of the war and his primary goal was to reunite the nation. He suspended habeas corpus, leading to the ex parte Merryman decision. Lincoln closely supervised the war effort, especially the selection of top generals, including his most successful general, Lincoln tried repeatedly to capture the Confederate capital at Richmond, each time a general failed, Lincoln substituted another, until finally Grant succeeded. As the war progressed, his moves toward ending slavery included the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863. On April 14,1865, five days after the surrender of Confederate commanding general Robert E. Lee, Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth, a Confederate sympathizer. Secretary of War Edwin Stanton launched a manhunt for Booth, and 12 days later on April 26, Lincoln has been consistently ranked both by scholars and the public as among the greatest U. S. presidents. Abraham Lincoln was born February 12,1809, the child of Thomas and Nancy Hanks Lincoln, in a one-room log cabin on the Sinking Spring Farm near Hodgenville. He was a descendant of Samuel Lincoln, an Englishman who migrated from Hingham, Norfolk to its namesake of Hingham, samuels grandson and great-grandson began the familys western migration, which passed through New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. Lincolns paternal grandfather and namesake, Captain Abraham Lincoln, moved the family from Virginia to Jefferson County, Captain Lincoln was killed in an Indian raid in 1786. His children, including eight-year-old Thomas, the presidents father
7.
Ann Rutledge
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Ann Rutledge was allegedly Abraham Lincolns first love. Born near Henderson, Kentucky, Ann Mayes Rutledge was the third of ten born to Mary Ann Miller Rutledge. In 1829, her father, along with John M. Cameron, founded New Salem, many of the facts of her life are lost to history, but some historians believe that she was the first love of Abraham Lincoln. The exact nature of the Lincoln–Rutledge relationship has been debated by historians and non-historians for over a century. It is fairly well established the two were at least friends, the story goes that Rutledge was engaged to marry John MacNamar, a dubious character who left for New York and promised to marry her upon his return. Rutledge and Lincoln met after this and supposedly fell in love while MacNamar was away, for a time Rutledge and MacNamar exchanged letters, but his letters became more formal and less ardent in turn and eventually ceased completely. MacNamar never returned before her death, in 1835, a wave of typhoid hit the town of New Salem. Ann Rutledge died at the age of 22 on August 25,1835 and this sad event left Lincoln severely depressed. An anonymous poem about suicide published locally exactly three years after her death is attributed to Lincoln. Many years later, after Lincolns first election as President, Isaac Cogdal, Lincolns old friend, Lincoln replied, It is true—true indeed I did. I loved the woman dearly and soundly, She was a handsome girl—would have made a good, loving wife… I did honestly and truly love the girl and think often, often of her now. However, Herndon despised Mary Todd Lincoln and may have fabricated or enhanced the story of a romance between Ann Rutledge and Abraham Lincoln to serve as a thorn in the side of Mary Todd Lincoln, Abraham Lincolns surviving son Robert Todd Lincoln was also upset by Herndons claim. Most of Herndons sources came from interviews with Lincolns early friends in New Salem, the story was later repeated by Herndon in several lectures and books. Several historians have claimed that the evidence of an affair between Lincoln and Rutledge is tenuous at best. In his Lincoln the President, historian James G. Randall wrote a chapter entitled Sifting the Ann Rutledge Evidence which cast doubt on the nature of her and Lincolns relationship. However, since William Herndon was not the only witness to the Lincoln-Rutledge relationship, the 1930 D. W. Griffith film Abraham Lincoln features Rutledge as a main character, in the film, Una Merkel plays Rutledge. Actress Pauline Moore plays Ann Rutledge in John Fords 1939 film Young Mr. Lincoln, following Anns death, Lincoln visits her graveside and makes the fateful decision to leave home and pursue a law practice in Springfield. Actress Mary Howard played Ann Rutledge in John Cromwells 1940 film Abe Lincoln in Illinois, the film was adaptation of a play where Rutledge was played on Broadway by Adele Longmire
8.
John Ford
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John Ford was an American film director. His four Academy Awards for Best Director remain a record, one of the films for which he won the award, How Green Was My Valley, also won Best Picture. In a career spanned more than 50 years, Ford directed more than 140 films and he is widely regarded as one of the most important. Fords work was held in regard by his colleagues, with Orson Welles. Ford made frequent use of shooting and long shots, in which his characters were framed against a vast, harsh. Ford was born John Martin Jack Feeney in Cape Elizabeth, Maine to John Augustine Feeney and Barbara Abbey Curran and his father, John Augustine, was born in Spiddal, County Galway, Ireland in 1854. Barbara Curran had been born in the Aran Islands, in the town of Kilronan on the island of Inishmore, John A. Feeneys grandmother, Barbara Morris, was said to be a member of a local gentry family, the Morrises of Spiddal. John Augustine and Barbara Curran arrived in Boston and Portland respectively in May and they married in 1875 and became American citizens five years later on September 11,1880. John Augustine lived in the Munjoy Hill neighborhood of Portland, Maine with his family, and would try farming, fishing, working for the gas company, running a saloon, and being an alderman. Feeney attended Portland High School, Portland, Maine, where he was a successful fullback and he earned the nickname Bull because of the way he would lower his helmet and charge the line. A Portland pub is named Bull Feeneys in his honor and he later moved to California and in 1914 began working in film production as well as acting for his older brother Francis, adopting Jack Ford as a professional name. In addition to credited roles, he appeared uncredited as a Klansman in D. W. Griffiths 1915 The Birth of a Nation and he married Mary McBride Smith on July 3,1920, and they had two children. His daughter Barbara was married to singer and actor Ken Curtis from 1952 to 1964, what difficulty was caused by the two marrying is unclear as the level of John Fords commitment to the Catholic faith is disputed. A strain would have been Fords many extramarital relationships, John Ford began his career in film after moving to California in July 1914. He followed in the footsteps of his older brother Francis Ford, twelve years his senior. John Ford started out in his brothers films as an assistant, handyman, stuntman and occasional actor, frequently doubling for his brother, Francis gave his younger brother his first acting role in The Mysterious Rose. Despite an often combative relationship, within three years Jack had progressed to become Francis chief assistant and often worked as his cameraman, by the time Jack Ford was given his first break as a director, Francis profile was declining and he ceased working as a director soon after. One notable feature of John Fords films is that he used a company of actors
9.
Contract bridge
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Contract bridge, or simply bridge, is a trick-taking game using a standard 52-card deck. It is played by four players in two competing partnerships, with partners sitting opposite each other around a table. Millions of people play bridge worldwide in clubs, tournaments, online and with friends at home, making it one of the worlds most popular card games, particularly among seniors. The World Bridge Federation is the body for international competitive bridge. The game consists of deals, each progressing through four phases. During the auction, partners communicate information about their hand, including its overall strength, the cards are then played, the declaring side trying to fulfill the contract, and the defenders trying to stop the declaring side achieving its goal. The deal is scored based on the number of tricks taken, the contract, one theory is that the name bridge has its origins in the name of an earlier game. Bridge departed from whist with the creation of Biritch in the 19th century, the word biritch itself is a spelling of the Russian word Бирюч, an occupation of a diplomatic clerk or an announcer. However some experts think that the Russian origin of the game is a fallacy, another theory is that British soldiers invented the game bridge while serving in the Crimean War. Bridge is a four-player partnership trick-taking game with thirteen tricks per deal, the dominant variations of the game are rubber bridge, more common in social play, and duplicate bridge, which enables comparative scoring in tournament play. Each player is dealt thirteen cards from a standard 52-card deck, a trick starts when a player leads, i. e. plays the first card. The leader to the first trick is determined by the auction, each player, in a clockwise order, plays one card on the trick. Players must play a card of the suit as the original card led, unless they have none. The player who played the card wins the trick. Within a suit, the ace is ranked highest followed by the king, queen and jack, in a deal where the auction has determined that there is no trump suit, the trick must be won by a card of the suit led. However, in a deal there is a trump suit. If one or more plays a trump to a trick when void in the suit led. For example, if the suit is spades and a player is void in the suit led and plays a spade card
10.
Walt Disney
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Walter Elias Walt Disney was an American entrepreneur, animator, voice actor and film producer. A pioneer of the American animation industry, he introduced several developments in the production of cartoons, as a film producer, Disney holds the record for most Academy Awards earned by an individual, having won 22 Oscars from 59 nominations. He was presented with two Golden Globe Special Achievement Awards and an Emmy Award, among other honors, several of his films are included in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress. Born in Chicago in 1901, Disney developed an early interest in drawing and he took art classes as a boy and got a job as a commercial illustrator at the age of 18. He moved to California in the early 1920s and set up the Disney Brothers Studio with his brother Roy, with Ub Iwerks, Walt developed the character Mickey Mouse in 1928, his first highly popular success, he also provided the voice for his creation in the early years. As the studio grew, Disney became more adventurous, introducing synchronized sound, full-color three-strip Technicolor, feature-length cartoons, the results, seen in features such as Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Fantasia, Pinocchio, Dumbo and Bambi, furthered the development of animated film. New animated and live-action films followed after World War II, including the critically successful Cinderella and Mary Poppins, in the 1950s, Disney expanded into the amusement park industry, and in 1955 he opened Disneyland. In 1965, he began development of theme park, Disney World, the heart of which was to be a new type of city. Disney was a smoker throughout his life, and died of lung cancer in December 1966 before either the park or the EPCOT project were completed. Disney was a shy, self-deprecating and insecure man in private and he had high standards and high expectations of those with whom he worked. Although there have been accusations that he was racist or anti-semitic and his reputation changed in the years after his death, from a purveyor of homely patriotic values to a representative of American imperialism. Nevertheless, Disney is considered an icon, particularly in the United States. Walt Disney was born on December 5,1901, at 1249 Tripp Avenue and he was the fourth son of Elias Disney—born in the Province of Canada, to Irish parents—and Flora, an American of German and English descent. Aside from Disney, Elias and Calls sons were Herbert, Raymond and Roy, in 1906, when Disney was four, the family moved to a farm in Marceline, Missouri, where his uncle Robert had just purchased land. In Marceline, Disney developed his interest in drawing when he was paid to draw the horse of a neighborhood doctor. Elias was a subscriber to the Appeal to Reason newspaper, Disney also began to develop an ability to work with watercolors and crayons. He lived near the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway line and he and his younger sister Ruth started school at the same time at the Park School in Marceline in late 1909. In 1911, the Disneys moved to Kansas City, Missouri, before long, he was spending more time at the Pfeiffers house than at home
11.
Minnie Mouse
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Minerva Minnie Mouse is a funny animal cartoon character created by Ub Iwerks and Walt Disney. She and Mickey Mouse were first drawn by Iwerks in 1928, the comic strip story The Gleam by Merrill De Maris and Floyd Gottfredson first gave her full name as Minerva Mouse, although this is seldom used. The comic strip story Mr. Slicker and the Egg Robbers introduced her father Marcus Mouse and her unnamed mother, the same story featured photographs of Minnies uncle Milton Mouse with his family and her grandparents Marshal Mouse and Matilda Mouse. Her best-known relatives, however, remain her uncle Mortimer Mouse and her nieces, Millie and Melody Mouse, though most often a single niece, Melody. In many appearances, Minnie is presented as the girlfriend of Mickey Mouse, a friend of Daisy Duck. In 1928, Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks created Mickey Mouse to act as a replacement to his previous star Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, but Mickey could not fill the void alone. Among the few consistent character traits Oswald had developed before moving on to Universal Studios was his near-constant pursuit of potential sweethearts, so for Mickey to have a chance to emulate his predecessor at flirting, someone had to replace Oswalds many love interests. This replacement to Miss Rabbit, Miss Cottontail, Fanny and an number of unnamed nurses. Minnie was designed in the fashion of a flapper girl and her main outfit consisted of a short flapper girl dress that often revealed her distinctive patched knickers. In the 1929 cartoon The Karnival Kid, it was revealed that she wears black stockings which were also fashionable among flapper girls. Her shoes are probably her most distinctive article of clothing, for comedic effect, she wears oversized high heeled pumps that are too big for her feet. Her heels often slip out of her shoes, and she loses her shoes completely in The Gallopin Gaucho. When she walked or danced, the clip clop of her large pumps was usually heard clearly, along with Mickey, she was redesigned in 1940. Her hat was replaced with a bow, and bows were added to her shoes as well. Her eyes were also given more detail, throughout the forties and fifties, her look and personality became more conservative. Minnie almost always red or pink, but in her early appearances, she could be seen wearing a combination of blue. Minnies early personality is playful, musical and flirtatious and she often portrays an entertainer like a dancer or a musician that Mickey is trying to win the affection of. Part of the comedy of early shorts is the varying degree of success Mickey has in wooing Minnie
12.
Daisy Duck
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Daisy Duck is a cartoon character created in 1940 by Walt Disney Productions as the girlfriend of Donald Duck. Like Donald, Daisy is a white duck, but has large eyelashes. She is often wearing a hair bow, blouse. Daisy usually shows an affinity towards Donald, although she is often characterized as being more sophisticated than him. Daisy was introduced in the short film Mr. Duck Steps Out and was incorporated into Donalds comic stories several months later and she appeared in 11 short films between 1940 and 1954, and later in Mickeys Christmas Carol and Fantasia 2000. In these roles, Daisy was always a supporting character, with the exception of Donalds Dilemma, Daisy has received considerable more screen time in television, making regular appearances in Quack Pack, Mickey Mouse Works, House of Mouse, and Mickey Mouse Clubhouse. Daisy has also appeared in several films such as Mickeys Once Upon a Christmas. Daisy is the aunt of April, May, and June, Daisy is a close friend of Clarabelle Cow and Clara Cluck in the comics and Minnie Mouses best friend. Particularly in her appearances, Daisy is portrayed as flirtatious, high maintenance, glamorous, graceful. She is deeply attracted to Donald and is devoted to him. This is most clearly seen in Donalds Dilemma as Daisy is almost to the point of suicide after Donald forgets her, besides her love for Donald, Daisy is also shown to be more sophisticated and intelligent than Donald. In Cured Duck Daisy even gives Donald an ultimatum regarding his temper but later reforms in Donalds Dilemma, Daisy herself sometimes exhibits a temper, but she has much greater self-control than Donald. In the Mouse Works/House of Mouse cartoons, she was portrayed as oblivious, intrusive, enthusiastic. Shed invite herself in without asking and would tag along on trips where she wasnt wanted, Daisy is a white duck with an orange bill and legs. She usually has sultry indigo eyeshadow, long eyelashes and ruffled feathers around her lowest region to suggest a skirt. Shes usually seen sporting a blouse with puffed sleeves and a v-neckline. She also wears a bow, heeled shoes and a single bangle on her wrist. The colors of her clothes change very often, but her signature colors are usually purple, the television series Quack Pack gave Daisy Duck a more mature wardrobe and hairstyle and cast her as a career woman with a television reporter job
13.
Beverly Hills, California
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Beverly Hills is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, surrounded by the cities of Los Angeles and West Hollywood. By 2013, its population had grown to 34,658, sometimes referred to as 90210, one of its primary ZIP codes, it was home to many actors and celebrities throughout the 20th century. The city includes the Rodeo Drive shopping district and the Beverly Hills Oil Field, gaspar de Portolá arrived in the area that would later become Beverly Hills on August 3,1769, travelling along native trails which followed the present-day route of Wilshire Boulevard. The area was settled by Maria Rita Quinteros de Valdez and her husband in 1828 and they called their 4,500 acres of property the Rancho Rodeo de las Aguas. in 1854, she sold the ranch to Benjamin Davis Wilson and Henry Hancock. By the 1880s, the ranch had been subdivided into parcels of 75 acres and was being bought up by anglos from Los Angeles. Henry Hammel and Andrew H. Denker acquired most of it, at this point, the area was known as the Hammel and Denker Ranch. By 1888, Denker and Hammel were planning to build a town called Morocco on their holdings and they did not find enough to exploit commercially by the standards of the time, though. In 1906, therefore, they reorganized as the Rodeo Land and Water Company, renamed the property Beverly Hills, subdivided it, the development was named Beverly Hills after Beverly Farms in Beverly, Massachusetts and because of the hills in the area. The first house in the subdivision was built in 1907, although sales remained slow, Beverly Hills was one of many all-white planned communities started in the Los Angeles area around this time. Restrictive covenants prohibited non-whites from owning or renting property unless they were employed as servants by white residents and it was also forbidden to sell or rent property to Jews in Beverly Hills. Burton Green began construction on The Beverly Hills Hotel in 1911, the hotel was finished in 1912. The visitors drawn by the hotel were inclined to purchase land in Beverly Hills and that same year, the Rodeo Land and Water Company decided to separate its water business from its real estate business. The Beverly Hills Utility Commission was split off from the company and incorporated in September 1914, buying all of the utilities-related assets from the Rodeo Land. In 1919, Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford bought land on Summit Drive and built a mansion, finished in 1921, the glamor associated with Fairbanks and Pickford as well as other movie stars who built mansions in the city contributed to its growing appeal. By the early 1920s the population of Beverly Hills had grown enough to make the water supply a political issue, in 1923 the usual solution, annexation to the city of Los Angeles, was proposed. There was considerable opposition to annexation among such famous residents as Pickford, Fairbanks, Will Rogers, the Beverly Hills Utility Commission, opposed to annexation as well, managed to force the city into a special election and the plan was defeated 337 to 507. In 1925, Beverly Hills approved an issue to buy 385 acres for a new campus for UCLA. The cities of Los Angeles, Santa Monica and Venice also issued bonds to pay for the new campus
14.
The Savage (1917 film)
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The Savage is a 1917 American silent drama film starring Colleen Moore and Monroe Salisbury that is set in Canada and was directed by Rupert Julian. The film is presumed to be lost, Marie Louise returns home from finishing school, and catches the eye of Julio Sandoval, an emotional half-breed. She is engaged to Captain McKeever of the police. Finding her alone in the woods, the half-breed carries her to his cabin, Marie nurses him back to health, and when a rescue party arrives for her, she protects him. Back in town, Marie discovers McKeever has been taken prisoner by the outlaw Joe Bedotte, Julio goes to the rescue, losing his life in the process. Colleens contract was with Griffiths studio, not Triangle, and so she found herself on contract with no projects and she found a part in Universal Bluebirds film The Savage and was given several weeks off from her contract to film her part. In the film, Colleen plays the part of Lizette, a half-breed like Julio and this would be one of several exotic roles Colleen would play during her career, including her part as a Persian in The Devils Claim. After this film, Colleen went on to work at the Selig Polyscope Company, like many American films of the time, The Savage was subject to cuts by city and state film censorship boards. Jeff Codori, Colleen Moore, A Biography of the Silent Film Star, McFarland Publishing, ISBN 978-0-7864-4969-9 and those Magnificent Mountain Movies 1911 -1939. More Magnificent Mountain Movies, The Silverscreen Years, 1940-2004, the Savage at the Internet Movie Database Savage, New York Times overview Shorey, Jerome
15.
April Showers (1923 film)
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April Showers is a 1923 American silent romantic film directed by Tom Forman starring Colleen Moore. It is not known whether the film currently survives, Danny ORourke is the son of a police officer who was killed in the line of duty. Eager to join the force, Danny fails his exams. The failure causes him to neglect his sweetheart Maggie, whose father is a police lieutenant and his attentions turn instead towards society girl Miriam Welton. When Danny’s sister, Shannon, is arrested for shoplifting, Danny turns to boxing to save her and he works his way towards the championship but discovers the final bought has been rigged. Danny fights anyhow and he is beaten, but it is discovered that a mistake had been made on his exams, miss Moore lives her parts at home as well as before the camera and in practicing before her grandmother, Mm. Mary Kelly, she finally drew fire from that saint of the household, “’Colleen me child, ’ said Grandmother Kelly, ‘Its all very well to act like a little hoyden and be rough and tomboyish—but there’s too much of that sort on the screen, me dear. Remember, not all the Irish men are policemen and not all the Irish women are washwomen. Shortly after this film was finished, Colleen would go to work for Associated First National where, with the success of the film Flaming Youth, notes Bibliography Jeff Codori, Colleen Moore, A Biography of the Silent Film Star, McFarland Publishing. April Showers at the American Film Institute Catalog April Showers at the Internet Movie Database
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Ponjola
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Ponjola is a 1923 American silent drama film based on the novel of the same name by Cynthia Stockley and directed by Donald Crisp. Nilsson in a role in which she masquerades as a man, a print of Ponjola still exists and is held by a private collector. Eddie Sturgis - Olive Borden - extra Ponjola at the Internet Movie Database Ponjola at AllMovie Cover from a reprint of Cynthia Stockleys book Newspaper advertisement for the film version
17.
The Phantom of the Opera (1925 film)
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The film remains most famous for Chaneys ghastly, self-devised make-up, which was kept a studio secret until the films premiere. The film was released on November 25,1925, the picture also features Mary Philbin, Norman Kerry, Arthur Edmund Carewe, Gibson Gowland, John St. Polis, and Snitz Edwards. The last surviving cast member was Carla Laemmle, niece of producer Carl Laemmle, based on the general release version of 1925, which has additional scenes and sequences in different order than the existing reissue print. The film opens with the debut of the new season at the Paris Opera House, comte Philippe de Chagny and his brother, the Vicomte Raoul de Chagny are in attendance. Raoul attends only in the hope of hearing his sweetheart Christine Daaé sing, Christine has made a sudden rise from the chorus to understudy of Mme. Raoul visits her in her room during the performance, and makes his intentions known that he wishes for Christine to resign. Christine refuses to let their relationship get in the way of her career, at the height of the most prosperous season in the Operas history, the management suddenly resign. As they leave, they tell the new managers of the Opera Ghost, the new managers laugh it off as a joke, but the old management leaves troubled. After the performance, the ballerinas are disturbed by the sight of a man in a fez. Arguing whether or not he is the Phantom, they decide to ask Joseph Buquet, Buquet describes a ghastly sight of a living skeleton to the girls, who are then startled by a shadow cast on the wall. The antics of stagehand Florine Papillon do not amuse Josephs brother, Simon, Carlotta, the prima donna of the Paris Grand Opera, barges into the managers office enraged. She has received a letter from The Phantom, demanding that Christine sing the role of Marguerite the following night, the following day, in a garden near the Opera House, Raoul meets Christine and asks her to reconsider his offer. Christine admits that she has been tutored by a voice, the Spirit of Music. Raoul tells her that he thinks someone is playing a joke on her, wednesday evening, Carlotta is ill and Christine takes her place in the opera. During the performance, the go to Box 5 to see exactly who has taken it. The keeper of the box does not know who it is, the two managers enter the box and are startled to see a shadowy figure seated there. They run out of the box and compose themselves, but when they enter the box again, in her next performance, Christine reaches her triumph during the finale and receives a standing ovation from the audience. When Raoul visits her in her room, she pretends not to recognize him, because unbeknownst to those in the room
18.
The Show of Shows
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The Show of Shows is a 1929 American Pre-Code musical revue film directed by John G. Adolfi and distributed by Warner Bros. The all talking Vitaphone production cost $850,000 and was shot almost entirely in Technicolor, the Show of Shows was Warner Bros. fifth color movie, the first four were The Desert Song, On with the Show, Gold Diggers of Broadway and Paris. The film was styled in the format as the earlier Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film The Hollywood Revue of 1929. The high budget of the film meant that although it performed well at the box office, the film features nearly all the stars then working under contract at Warner Bros. Virtually all the performers shown would vanish from the studio by 1931, after tastes had shifted owing to the effects of the Great Depression, the Show of Shows features many of the performers who were popular in silent movies mixed in with hand-picked stage stars and novelty acts. The emcee of the film was Frank Fay, who performed in the style of barbed sarcasm, in an era of almost naive optimism, he stands out as a witty devils advocate. Prologue — In a scene set in the French Revolution, Hobart Bosworth as an executioner, Warner as an aristocrat who is executed on a guillotine. This opening serves to show that traditional stage shows are finished, up until 1929, most big cities had added stage acts before silent movies. These were costly, and sound films would make them mostly obsolete, as the aristocrat tries to speak, he is interrupted by the executioner, who rants that they have heard his remarks too often and it is time for him to be gone. After the blade falls, the executioner joyously shouts, Prologue is Dead, on with the Show of Shows. Military March— Led by Monte Blue and Pasadena American Legion Fife, a pageant set entirely on a huge set of steps with the cadets changing formation to provide a series of color effects in a manner that would be popularized much later by Busby Berkeley. Whats Become of the Floradora Boys, — Myrna Loy, Marian Nixon, Patsy Ruth Miller, Lloyd Hamilton, Ben Turpin, Lupino Lane, and many others in a partial parody of the Florodora Edwardian stage show. A group of girls are captured and saved from an awful fate by light comedian Johnny Arthur sending up Douglas Fairbanks. The pirates literally blow him overboard, finally, the day is saved by Ted Lewis, a well-known bandleader at that time who had recently appeared in his own starring vehicle for Warner Bros. His trademark was a top hat, and his signature tune was Me. Dear Little Pup — Performed by Frank Fay, the Only Song I Know — Performed by Nick Lucas. Ping Pongo — Performed by Winnie Lightner, carpentier was briefly adopted as a star in the Maurice Chevalier mold. He sings here against an Eiffel Tower backdrop accompanied by Patsy Ruth Miller and Alice White, recitations — Featuring Beatrice Lillie, Louise Fazenda, Lloyd Hamilton, and Frank Fay
19.
3 Godfathers
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3 Godfathers is a 1948 American Western film directed by John Ford and filmed primarily in Death Valley, California. The screenplay, written by Frank S. Nugent and Laurence Stallings, is based on the novelette of the name written by Peter B. Ford had already adapted the film once before in 1919 as Marked Men, the original silent adaptation by Ford is thought to be lost today. The story is something of a retelling of the story of The Three Wise Men in an American Western context, Ford decided to remake the story in Technicolor and dedicate the film to the memory of long-time friend Harry Carey, who starred in the 1919 film Marked Men. Careys son, Harry Carey, Jr. plays one of the roles in this 1948 film. They eventually lose their horses in a sandstorm and end up walking. Desperate for water, they head for a hole, which has, however, been destroyed by the misguided efforts of a bumbling tenderfoot. In a covered wagon left nearby lies the wife, who is about to give birth. With the help of the trio, she has a boy, before dying, she extracts a promise from them that they will take care of him. Moved, the three try to keep their promise despite the acute lack of water. William is certain a higher power guided them there and likens their situation to the Three Magi finding the baby Jesus in a manger and he convinces the others to head for the town of New Jerusalem, which lies across a wide expanse of desert. While crossing a flat, William dies, later, Pete falls. He asks Robert to leave him his pistol, for protection from coyotes, as Robert walks away, he hears a single gunshot. Finally at the end of his strength, Robert nearly loses hope, but in his delirium and he contemptuously tosses away the womans Bible, then goes back for it and reads a passage telling of the appearance of a donkey and a colt. Just then, the actually show up. With their help, he finally reaches New Jerusalem and enters a cantina where people are singing Christmas carols, and then collapses just as Sheriff Sweet catches up with him. Robert is arrested, but because of his heroism and refusal to give up custody of his godson to the Sweets, he is viewed by the townspeople as a hero even before the trial comes to its conclusion. In the end, he is sentenced to the minimum of a year and his son, Harry Carey, Jr. played one of the title roles
20.
Father Was a Fullback
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Father Was a Fullback is a 1949 film black-and-white of Twentieth Century Fox based on a comedy by Clifford Goldsmith. The film is about a college American football star and his woes, the film stars Fred MacMurray, Maureen OHara, Natalie Wood, and Betty Lynn. State College football coach George Cooper has more than enough problems on the job without his teenage daughter Connie complicating his life at home and she has written a story but no one has agreed to publish it yet. Furthermore she is convinced that she is unattractive to the opposite sex, resigning herself to a loveless existence, she decides to make literature her life. When she gets a check for $180 for an article she pens about a teenage bubble dancer that recently appeared in a confessions magazine. The young author dates a high school football star from across town who chooses to attend State College to be near his newfound sweetheart and she is the first girl he likes more than football. Georges gridiron and domestic problems seem to be solved and his wife Elizabeth and housekeeper Geraldine support the family members in distress, while the younger sister Ellen helps Connie and her father out during this difficult time. In the end she feels much like her sister did in the beginning, joe Birch Wilson Wood as Grandstand Coach Father Was a Fullback marked the second time child actor Natalie Wood was cast as Maureen OHaras daughter. The first was in Miracle on 34th Street, a month after the film was released Wood received the Child of the Year Award in celebration of Childrens Day. Actress Betty Lynn would achieve immortality almost ten years after making Father Was a Fullback as Thelma Lou, Lynn made 26 appearances on the series
21.
The Quiet Man
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The Quiet Man is a 1952 Technicolor American romantic comedy-drama film directed by John Ford. It stars John Wayne, Maureen OHara, Barry Fitzgerald, Ward Bond, the screenplay by Frank S. Nugent was based on a 1933 Saturday Evening Post short story of the same name by Maurice Walsh, later published as part of a collection The Green Rushes. The film is notable for Winton Hochs lush photography of the Irish countryside and it was an official selection of the 1952 Venice Film Festival. The Quiet Man won the Academy Award for Best Director for John Ford, his fourth, in 2013, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant. In the 1920s, Sean Thornton, an Irish-born American from Pittsburgh, travels to Ireland to reclaim his familys farm and he meets and falls in love with the fiery Mary Kate Danaher, the sister of the bullying, loud-mouthed landowner Squire Red Will Danaher. Danaher, who had wanted the farm himself, is angry that the Widow Tillane accepts Seans bid, Sean, unschooled in Irish customs, cares nothing about the dowry, but to Mary Kate the dowry represents her independence, identity, and pride. She feels passionately and intensely that the dowry is hers and is needed to validate her marriage to Sean. Angered and shamed by Seans refusal to confront her brother and demand what is legally hers, she brands him a coward, in the morning they find that others in the village had visited Will and pressured him to return Mary Kates furniture, but not her money. Sean had been a boxer in the United States, a heavyweight challenger known as Trooper Thorn, after accidentally killing an opponent in the ring, Sean hung up his gloves, vowing never to fight again. In an attempt to force Sean to confront Will, Mary Kate leaves him and boards a train departing Castletown, Sean hears that she left for the station and drags her off the train. Followed by the townspeople, he forces her to walk with him the five miles back to Inisfree. Sean demands that Will hand over her dowry, Sean promptly throws the money into a nearby furnace which Mary Kate holds open, showing that Mary Kate never cared about the money, but only what it represented. Sean regains Mary Kates love and respect, in the aftermath it is shown that Will and the Widow Tillane begin courting, and peace is returned to Inisfree. Charles Fitzsimons and James Fitzsimons were Maureen OHaras real life younger brothers, in this film, James was billed as James Lilburn, though he was later better known as James OHara. Barry Fitzgerald and Arthur Shields were also brothers in real life, ken Curtis, later of Gunsmoke fame and newly married to John Fords daughter Barbara, has a small role as Fahy, the village accordion player. It was also a departure for Republic Pictures, which backed Ford in what was considered a risky venture at the time and it was the only time the studio, known for low budget B-movies, released a film that would receive an Oscar nomination for Best Picture. Ford read the story in 1933 and soon purchased the rights to it for $10, the storys author was paid another $2,500 when Republic bought the idea, and he received a final payment of $3,750 when the film was actually made. Republic Pictures agreed to finance the film with OHara and Wayne starring and Ford directing and they did, and after completing Rio Grande, they headed for Ireland to start shooting
22.
Prince of Players
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Prince of Players is a 1955 20th Century Fox biographical film about the 19th century American actor Edwin Booth. The film was directed and produced by Philip Dunne from a screenplay by Moss Hart, the music score was by Bernard Herrmann and the cinematography by Charles G. Clarke. The film was made in CinemaScope and in DeLuxe Color, the cast featured Richard Burton, Maggie McNamara and John Derek, along with Raymond Massey, Charles Bickford, Elizabeth Sellars and Eva Le Gallienne. Edwin Ned Booth is the son of the noted thespian Junius Brutus Booth, beginning In 1848, as a boy, and into early manhood, he travels with and assists Junius, who is often drunk and seems at times on the brink of madness. A theater owner, Dave Prescott, eagerly anticipates a Junius performance in San Francisco, Junius hands over his crown – a literal theatrical crown worn during his rendition of Richard III, to Ned, who has memorized his fathers lines. Neds first performance is of Richard III during a show at a mining camp, Prescott, however, breaks the news shortly after that Junius has died. Ned returns east, where John Wilkes Booth is starring in The Taming of the Shrew to great acclaim at Fords Theatre in Washington D. C. Billed as the son and successor to Junius Brutus Booth, John is planning a tour and asks Ned if he will be his manager along with their younger sister, somewhat contemptuous of his upstart brothers early success as an actor, Ned declines. He tells his brother that he hasnt learned the craft the way he, Ned, has by traveling with, hearing the performances. Ned begins a tour of his own with Dave Prescott. He travels to New Orleans, where he meets, then marries, Mary Devlin. The Civil War breaks out and John is said to be working steadfastly for the Confederacys cause and he declines an offer from Ned to go to London together for a production of Hamlet, and when a pregnant Mary falls ill, Ned begins drinking heavily and missing performances. Marys death turns her husband morose, then comes the terrible news one night that John Wilkes Booth has assassinated President Abraham Lincoln by gunshot at Fords theater. Weeks after the assassination, and his brothers subsequent death on a farm in Virginia, on opening night the theater is packed by a mob incensed by the murder of the president and blaming not only Booth but all actors and theaters in general. One protestor says the president died in the doorway to hell because he was murdered in a theater. Backstage, Dave Prescott tells Ned that the show must be canceled, Ned is seated center stage on the throne as the curtain comes up. The mob hurls insults, vegetables, and other objects at Ned as the other actors rush off the stage, Ned remains seated, immobile, and absorbs the abuse until the crowds fury exhausts itself. Finally one of the protestors declares hes got guts, shouts Booth, youre alright. and begins clapping
23.
The Searchers
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Critic Roger Ebert found Waynes character, Ethan Edwards, one of the most compelling characters Ford and Wayne ever created. The film was a success, although it received no Academy Award nominations. Since its release, it has come to be considered a masterpiece and it was named the greatest American western by the American Film Institute in 2008, and it placed 12th on the same organizations 2007 list of the 100 greatest American movies of all time. Entertainment Weekly also named it the best western, in 1868, Ethan Edwards returns after an eight-year absence to the home of his brother Aaron in the wilderness of West Texas. Ethan fought in the Civil War on the side of the Confederacy and he has a large quantity of gold coins of uncertain origin in his possession, and a medal from the Mexican campaign that he gives to his eight-year-old niece, Debbie. As a former Confederate soldier, he is asked to take an oath of allegiance to the Texas Rangers, captain Samuel Clayton remarks, Ethan fits a lot of descriptions. When they return they find the Edwards homestead in flames, Aaron, his wife Martha, and their son Ben are dead, and Debbie and her older sister Lucy have been abducted. After a brief funeral the men set out in pursuit and they come upon a burial ground of Comanches who were killed during the raid. Ethan mutilates one of the bodies, when they find the Comanche camp, Ethan recommends a frontal attack, but Clayton insists on a stealth approach to avoid killing the hostages. The camp is deserted, and further along the trail the men ride into an ambush, though they fend off the attack, the Rangers are left with too few men to fight the Indians effectively. They return home, leaving Ethan to continue his search for the girls with only Lucys fiancé, Brad Jorgensen and Debbies adopted brother, Ethan finds Lucy brutally murdered and presumably raped in a canyon near the Comanche camp. In a blind rage, Brad rides directly into the Indian camp and is killed, when winter arrives Ethan and Martin lose the trail and return to the Jorgensen ranch. Martin is enthusiastically welcomed by the Jorgensens daughter Laurie, and Ethan finds a waiting for him from a trader named Futterman. Ethan, who would travel alone, leaves without Martin the next morning. At Futtermans trading post, Ethan and Martin learn that Debbie has been taken by Scar, a year or more later, Laurie receives a letter from Martin describing the ongoing search. The search leads Ethan and Martin to a fort, and then to New Mexico. They find Debbie after five years, now an adolescent, living as one of Scars wives and she tells the men that she has become a Comanche, and wishes to remain with them. Ethan would rather see her dead than living as an Indian, and tries to shoot her, but Martin shields her with his body, though Martin tends to Ethans wound, he is furious with him for attempting to kill Debbie, and wishes him dead
24.
International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker
25.
Find a Grave
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Find a Grave is a website that allows the public to search and add to an online database of cemetery records. It is owned by Ancestry. com, the worlds largest for-profit genealogy company, the site was created in 1995 by Salt Lake City resident Jim Tipton to support his hobby of visiting the burial sites of celebrities. He later added an online forum, Find a Grave was launched as a commercial entity in 1998, first as a trade name and then incorporated in 2000. The site later expanded to include graves of non-celebrities, in order to allow visitors to pay respect to their deceased relatives or friends. In 2013, Tipton sold Find a Grave to Ancestry. com, burial information is a wonderful source for people researching their family history. In a September 30,2013, press release, Ancestry, as of March 2017, Find a Grave contained over 159 million burial records and 75 million photos. The website contains listings of cemeteries and graves from around the world, american cemeteries are organized by state and county, and many cemetery records contain Google Maps and photographs of the cemeteries and gravesites. Individual grave records may contain dates and places of birth and death, biographical information, cemetery and plot information, photographs, Interment listings are added by individuals, genealogical societies, and other institutions such as the International Wargraves Photography Project. Contributors must register as members to submit listings, called memorials, the submitter becomes the manager of the listing but may transfer management. Only the current manager of a listing may edit it, although any member may use the features to send correction requests to the listings manager. Managers may add links to other listings of deceased spouses, parents, members may post requests for photos of a specific grave, these requests will be automatically sent to other members who have registered their location as being near that grave. Find a Grave also maintains lists of memorials of famous persons by their claim to fame, such as Medal of Honor recipients, religious figures, Find a Grave exercises editorial control over these listings. Canadian Headstones Interment. net National Cemetery Administrations Nationwide Gravesite Locator Random Acts of Genealogical Kindness Tombstone tourist Colker, web site answers grave concerns about stars. Web site attracts millions of grave-seekers, Find VIPs who R. I. P. through online cemetery. Genealogy, Find a Grave tremendous on many different levels, terre Haute, Indiana, Community Newspaper Holdings Inc. Archived from the original on May 14,2011, tip, Find a Grave has info youre dying to know. Tracking Down Relatives, Visiting Graves Virtually, media related to Images from Find A Grave at Wikimedia Commons Official website
26.
IMDb
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In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc, who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes. As of January 2017, IMDb has approximately 4.1 million titles and 7.7 million personalities in its database, the site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Although all data is checked before going live, the system has open to abuse. The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users, IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20,2017. Anyone with a connection can read the movie and talent pages of IMDb. A registration process is however, to contribute info to the site. A registered user chooses a name for themselves, and is given a profile page. These badges range from total contributions made, to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, if a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry, and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO. Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and this fee enrolls them in a membership called IMDbPro. PRO can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is $19.99 USD per month, or if paid annually, $149.99, which comes to approximately $12.50 per month USD. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in PRO for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as a user, and contribute to the site as well as enjoy its content, however those users enrolled in PRO have greater access and privileges. IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled Those Eyes, others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an Actors List, while Dave Knight began a Directors List, and Andy Krieg took over THE LIST from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the Actress List. Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, the goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible. By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17,1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, at the time, it was known as the rec. arts. movies movie database
27.
AllMovie
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AllMovie is an online guide service website with information about films, television programs, and screen actors. As of 2013, AllMovie. com and the AllMovie consumer brand are owned by All Media Network, AllMovie was founded by popular-culture archivist Michael Erlewine, who also founded AllMusic and AllGame. The AllMovie database was licensed to tens of thousands of distributors and retailers for point-of-sale systems, websites, the AllMovie database is comprehensive, including basic product information, cast and production credits, plot synopsis, professional reviews, biographies, relational links and more. AllMovie data was accessed on the web at the AllMovie. com website and it was also available via the AMG LASSO media recognition service, which can automatically recognize DVDs. In late 2007, Macrovision acquired AMG for a reported $72 million, the AMG consumer facing web properties AllMusic. com, AllMovie. com and AllGame. com were sold by Rovi in August 2013 to All Media Network, LLC. The buyers also include the founders of SideReel and Ackrell Capital investor Mike Ackrell. All Media Network offices are located in San Francisco, California, AllMusic AllGame SideReel All Media Network Official website
28.
Virtual International Authority File
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The Virtual International Authority File is an international authority file. It is a joint project of national libraries and operated by the Online Computer Library Center. The project was initiated by the US Library of Congress, the German National Library, the National Library of France joined the project on October 5,2007. The project transitions to a service of the OCLC on April 4,2012, the aim is to link the national authority files to a single virtual authority file. In this file, identical records from the different data sets are linked together, a VIAF record receives a standard data number, contains the primary see and see also records from the original records, and refers to the original authority records. The data are available online and are available for research and data exchange. Reciprocal updating uses the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting protocol, the file numbers are also being added to Wikipedia biographical articles and are incorporated into Wikidata. VIAFs clustering algorithm is run every month, as more data are added from participating libraries, clusters of authority records may coalesce or split, leading to some fluctuation in the VIAF identifier of certain authority records
