1.
Menston
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Menston is a village and civil parish in the county of West Yorkshire, England. Along with Burley in Wharfedale, part of Menston is within Wharfedale Ward in the borough of the City of Bradford. The remainder of Menston is in the Leeds City Council area and it has a population of 4,660, reducing to 4,498 at the 2011 Census. Menstons Anglican parish church is dedicated to St John the Divine, other notable buildings include the former High Royds Hospital and St. Marys Menston Catholic Academy, both of which are in the Leeds part of Menston. The site of High Royds Hospital, originally the West Riding Pauper Lunatic Asylum and this is a reflection of Menstons growing size. In the past 20 years there has increased demand for much needed housing in the area. The population of Menston has been steadily increasing, as a result, Menston primary school, which was threatened with closure in the 1980s, has increased student numbers. It lies on the A65, approximately ten miles north-west of the centre of Leeds and 9 miles north of Bradford centre, Menston also has a railway station between Guiseley and Burley on the Wharfedale Line, with direct trains to Leeds, Bradford Forster Square and Ilkley. There are bus services to Leeds, Otley and Wetherby, Menston once had rail links to Otley, via the Arthington to Menston Line. Highroyds is mentioned in the Kaiser Chiefs song of the name, from the album. The Kaiser Chiefs met and formed in the class at St Marys Catholic High School. Menston is home to club, Menston Town FC who currently play in the Wharfedale Triangle Division 2 after being established in 2010. Paul Jewell, a footballer and the former manager of Bradford City, Sheffield Wednesday, Wigan Athletic. Dean Windass, the former Bradford City and Hull City footballer, Nick Hodgson, Nick Baines and Simon Rix, all members of the rock band, the Kaiser Chiefs, met while attending St. Marys Roman Catholic High School in Menston. Menston Village Alternative Menston website Menston at DMOZ St. Marys Menston Catholic Voluntary Academy St Johns church, Menston Menston information from local councillor Matt Palmer Menston Town FC
2.
Berlin
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Berlin is the capital and the largest city of Germany as well as one of its constituent 16 states. With a population of approximately 3.5 million, Berlin is the second most populous city proper, due to its location in the European Plain, Berlin is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. Around one-third of the area is composed of forests, parks, gardens, rivers. Berlin in the 1920s was the third largest municipality in the world, following German reunification in 1990, Berlin once again became the capital of all-Germany. Berlin is a city of culture, politics, media. Its economy is based on high-tech firms and the sector, encompassing a diverse range of creative industries, research facilities, media corporations. Berlin serves as a hub for air and rail traffic and has a highly complex public transportation network. The metropolis is a popular tourist destination, significant industries also include IT, pharmaceuticals, biomedical engineering, clean tech, biotechnology, construction and electronics. Modern Berlin is home to world renowned universities, orchestras, museums and its urban setting has made it a sought-after location for international film productions. The city is known for its festivals, diverse architecture, nightlife, contemporary arts. Since 2000 Berlin has seen the emergence of a cosmopolitan entrepreneurial scene, the name Berlin has its roots in the language of West Slavic inhabitants of the area of todays Berlin, and may be related to the Old Polabian stem berl-/birl-. All German place names ending on -ow, -itz and -in, since the Ber- at the beginning sounds like the German word Bär, a bear appears in the coat of arms of the city. It is therefore a canting arm, the first written records of towns in the area of present-day Berlin date from the late 12th century. Spandau is first mentioned in 1197 and Köpenick in 1209, although these areas did not join Berlin until 1920, the central part of Berlin can be traced back to two towns. Cölln on the Fischerinsel is first mentioned in a 1237 document,1237 is considered the founding date of the city. The two towns over time formed close economic and social ties, and profited from the right on the two important trade routes Via Imperii and from Bruges to Novgorod. In 1307, they formed an alliance with a common external policy, in 1415 Frederick I became the elector of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, which he ruled until 1440. In 1443 Frederick II Irontooth started the construction of a new palace in the twin city Berlin-Cölln
3.
Alexandra Maria Lara
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Alexandra Maria Lara is a Romanian-German actress best known for her roles in Downfall, Control, Youth Without Youth, The Reader, and Rush. Born in Bucharest, Lara is the child of Valentin Plătăreanu, a Bucharest actor. When she was four her family decided to flee to West Germany to escape Nicolae Ceauşescus regime in Communist Romania, although the family had originally planned to emigrate to Canada, they settled down in Freiburg im Breisgau, Baden-Württemberg, before eventually moving to Berlin. After graduating at the Französisches Gymnasium Berlin in 1997, Lara went on to acting under the management of her father, co-founder of the Theaterwerkstatt Charlottenburg. By sixteen, she was playing lead roles in various television dramas, since then her career has developed. In 2007 she also appeared as journalist Annik Honoré in the film Control, in 2008, she served as a member of the Cannes Film Festival jury. She played a role in Greek director Theo Angelopouloss 2008 film The Dust of Time, opposite Irène Jacob. She has also appeared in several French productions, including Napoléon, more recently, she appeared in The Reader and Der Baader Meinhof Komplex which were both nominated for the 81st Academy Awards. In August 2009, Lara married English actor Sam Riley, with whom she acted in the films Control, in January 2014, she gave birth to their first child, a boy. In addition to her native Romanian, Lara is fluent in German, English, official website Alexandra Maria Lara at the Internet Movie Database Interview
4.
Biographical film
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A biographical film, or biopic, is a film that dramatizes the life of a non-fictional or historically-based person or people. Such films show the life of a person and the central characters real name is used. Because the figures portrayed are actual people, whose actions and characteristics are known to the public, biopic roles are considered some of the most demanding of actors and actresses. Biopic scholars include George F. Custen of the College of Staten Island, Custen, in Bio/Pics, How Hollywood Constructed Public History, regards the genre as having died with the Hollywood studio era, and in particular, Darryl F. Zanuck. On the other hand, Binghams 2010 study Whose Lives Are They Anyway, ellen Cheshires Bio-Pics, a life in pictures examines UK/US films from the 1990s and 2000s. Each chapter reviews key films linked by profession and concludes with further viewing list, christopher Robé has also written on the gender norms that underlie the biopic in his article, Taking Hollywood Back in the 2009 issue of Cinema Journal. The Hurricane is not a documentary but a parable, some biopics purposely stretch the truth. Confessions of a Dangerous Mind was based on game show host Chuck Barris widely debunked yet popular memoir of the same name, Kafka incorporated both the life of author Franz Kafka and the surreal aspects of his fiction. The Errol Flynn film They Died with Their Boots On tells the story of Custer but is highly romanticized, casting can be controversial for biographical films. Casting is often a balance between similarity in looks and ability to portray the characteristics of the person, anthony Hopkins felt that he should not have played Richard Nixon in Nixon because of a lack of resemblance between the two. The casting of John Wayne as Genghis Khan in The Conqueror was objected to because of the American Wayne being cast as the Mongol warlord. Egyptian critics criticized the casting of Louis Gossett, Jr. an African American actor, also, some objected to the casting of Jennifer Lopez in Selena because she is a New York City native of Puerto Rican descent while Selena was Mexican-American. Biographical novel Biography in literature List of biographical films
5.
Control (2007 film)
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Control is a 2007 British biographical film about the life of Ian Curtis, singer of the late-1970s English post-punk band Joy Division. It is the first feature directed by Anton Corbijn, who had worked with Joy Division as a photographer. The screenplay by Matt Greenhalgh was based on the biography Touching from a Distance by Curtis widow Deborah, Tony Wilson, who released Joy Divisions records through his Factory Records label, also served as a co-producer. Curtis bandmates Bernard Sumner, Peter Hook, and Stephen Morris provided incidental music for the soundtrack via their post-Joy Division incarnation New Order. Control was filmed partly on location in Nottingham, Manchester, and Macclesfield, including areas where Curtis lived, alexandra Maria Lara plays Honoré, while James Anthony Pearson, Joe Anderson, and Harry Treadaway play Sumner, Hook, and Morris, respectively. The film also features Toby Kebbell as band manager Rob Gretton and it went on to win five British Independent Film Awards including Best Film, Best Director for Corbijn, Most Promising Newcomer for Riley, and Best Supporting Actor for Kebbell. Ian Curtis and Debbie Woodruff marry in 1975 in their town of Macclesfield at ages 19 and 18. Ian retreats from domestic life, preferring to write poetry in solitude, on June 4,1976 they attend a Sex Pistols concert with Bernard Sumner, Peter Hook, and Terry Mason, who are starting a band. Mesmerized by the concert, Ian volunteers to be their singer and they name themselves Warsaw, and Terry moves into a managerial role with the addition of drummer Stephen Morris. The band debuts 19 May 1977 and soon rename themselves Joy Division, Ian and Debbie finance their first EP, An Ideal for Living. During his job as an employment agent, Ian witnesses a seizure suffered by Corinne Lewis, unsatisfied with the brief mention Joy Division receives from television host Tony Wilson, Ian demands that he put the band on his programme. In April 1978 Joy Division plays a battle of bands, impressing Tony and Rob Gretton and they perform Transmission on Tonys programme and sign to his Factory Records label, Tony signs the contract using his own blood. In December 1978 Ian suffers a seizure on the way back from the bands first London gig, He is diagnosed with epilepsy and prescribed medications that leave him drowsy, learning that Corinne Lewis has died of a seizure, he pens Shes Lost Control about her. He begins to neglect Debbie, who gives birth to their daughter Natalie in April 1979, Ian quits his job to go on tour, leaving Debbie to work and care for the baby. Ian admits to Belgian journalist Annik Honoré that he is miserable at home, the two begin having an affair during Joy Divisions January 1980 European tour. On returning home, Ian tells Debbie he is if he still loves her. During the rehearsing of Love Will Tear Us Apart, Rob informs the band that they will be departing 19 May for a tour of the United States, Debbie finds evidence of Ians infidelity and confronts him. He promises that the affair is over, but continues to see Annik during the recording of Closer in Islington, Ian suffers a seizure mid-performance and is comforted by Annik, who admits she is falling in love with him
6.
Ian Curtis
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Ian Kevin Curtis was an English singer-songwriter and musician. He is best known as the singer and lyricist of the post-punk band Joy Division. Joy Division released their album, Unknown Pleasures, in 1979 and recorded their follow-up, Closer. Curtis was known for his voice, dance style, and songwriting filled with imagery of desolation, war, emptiness. Curtis was born on 15 July 1956, at the Memorial Hospital in Stretford and he grew up in Macclesfield in Cheshire, and from an early age he exhibited talent as a poet. He was awarded a scholarship at the age of 11 by the Kings School, despite this, he was not a dedicated pupil and did not further his education beyond O-level. Curtis was a shoplifter throughout his childhood and he had an interest in music in his teens but couldnt afford to purchase records, leading him to stealing albums from Macclesfield town centre, hiding them underneath a grey coat. He was also forced to do service by visiting the elderly as part of a school scheme. While there, he would steal prescription drugs from residents and then take them with his friends and he once had his stomach pumped after taking too many. After leaving high school, Curtis focused on the pursuit of art, literature and he was employed in a variety of jobs, including being a civil servant in Manchester and, later, Macclesfield. On 23 August 1975, Curtis married a friend, Deborah Woodruff at St Thomas Church. He was 19 and she was 18 and their daughter Natalie was born on 16 April 1979. In 1976 at a Sex Pistols gig, Curtis met Bernard Sumner and Peter Hook and they were trying to form a band, and Curtis immediately proposed himself as singer and lyricist. The trio then tried unsuccessfully to recruit several drummers before selecting Stephen Morris as their final member, initially, the band was called Warsaw, but as their name conflicted with that of another group, Warsaw Pakt, they changed it to Joy Division. The moniker was derived from a 1955 novel The House of Dolls, which featured a Nazi concentration camp with a sexual slavery wing called the Joy Division. The cover of the bands first EP depicted a drawing of a Hitler Youth beating a drum and the A-side contained a song, Warsaw, while performing with Joy Division, Curtis became known for his quiet and awkward demeanour, as well as a unique dancing style. Although predominantly a singer, Curtis also played guitar on a handful of tracks, at first Curtis played Sumners Shergold Masquerader, but in September 1979 he acquired his own guitar, a Vox Phantom Special VI which had many built-in effects used both live and in studio. After Curtis death, Sumner inherited the guitar and used it in several early New Order songs, Curtis began suffering epileptic fits around 1978, and his condition worsened throughout 1979 and 1980 amid the pressure of performances and touring
7.
On the Road (film)
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On the Road is a 2012 adventure drama film directed by Walter Salles. The executive producer was Francis Ford Coppola, filming began on August 4,2010, in Montreal, Quebec, with a $25 million budget. On May 23,2012, the film premiered in competition for the Palme dOr at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival, the film received mixed early reviews after it premiered at the film festival. The film also premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival in September, in 1947 New York, on the day his father is buried, Sal Paradise is out with his friend Carlo Marx who is, like him, an aspiring writer. Theyre invited by common friend Chad to meet young car thief from Denver Dean Moriarty along with Deans 16-year-old wife Marylou, Sal and Carlo befriend Dean, smoking marijuana with him and visiting a jazz nightclub where they meet saxophonist Walter, who also befriends them. Sal teaches Dean how to write before Dean leaves for Denver with Carlo, after much contemplation, writers block, and a solemn visit to his fathers grave, Sal decides to join his friends in Denver and embarks on the road for the first time. There, Sal meets Camille, an art student for whom Dean is divorcing Marylou. Carlo starts to question his sexuality, and Carlo and Dean start an affair, Carlo, Sal, Camille, and Dean visit a bar where Dean plays Ive Got the World on a String on the jukebox, and Camille bonds with Sal. Carlo tells Sal he thinks he might be gay, and he plans to travel to Africa, Sal leaves aboard a bus and meets Terry. The two travel to California, where Terry works on cotton fields with her family while Sal helps, Sal and Terry have a brief affair before Sal, realizing he isnt made to work in the fields, heads back home. In December 1948, Dean, Marylou, and Ed Dunkel arrive at Sals sisters home in North Carolina, Sals family feeds the trio, who havent eaten for 30 hours, and the next day the trio, Sal, and Sals mother drive back to New York. The guys and Marylou celebrate New Years Eve at Carlos place, later, Dean convinces Sal to partake in a threesome with him and Marylou. Sal starts kissing Marylou, but Deans presence makes him nervous, following this, Dean and Marylou have sex, while Sal listens in the other room. The next day, they ride off to California and leave Ed at Bulls, when they arrive in San Francisco, Dean drives to Camilles place, leaving Sal and Marylou to rent a room, where the two have sex. The next morning, Marylou leaves to return to her sailor fiancé in Denver, and Sal goes over to visit Dean and Camille, Sal and Dean visit a nightclub, leaving Camille alone to deal with the children. When they return home, she kicks Dean out, Sal and Dean travel to Denver in search of Deans father, but have no luck finding him. They then travel back to New York with a tall, thin salesman from whom Dean tries to get money in exchange for sex, Dean succeeds, which gives him and Sal enough money to get where they need to go. Eight months later, Dean asks Sal if he would like to drive to Mexico, when they arrive a kid gets high with them and leads them to a whorehouse, where Dean and Sal dance and have sex with some of the prostitutes
8.
Jack Kerouac
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Jack Kerouac was an American novelist and poet. He is considered a literary iconoclast and, alongside William S. Burroughs and Allen Ginsberg, Kerouac is recognized for his method of spontaneous prose. Thematically, his work covers such as Catholic spirituality, jazz, promiscuity, Buddhism, drugs, poverty. He became a celebrity and, with other beats, a progenitor of the hippie movement. In 1969, aged 47, Kerouac died from bleeding due to long-term alcohol abuse. Since his death, Kerouacs literary prestige has grown, and several previously unseen works have been published, Jack Kerouac was born on March 12,1922 in Lowell, Massachusetts, to French Canadian parents, Léo-Alcide Kéroack and Gabrielle-Ange Lévesque. There is some confusion surrounding his name, partly because of variations on the spelling of Kerouac and his reason for that statement seems to be linked to an old family legend that the Kerouacs had descended from Baron François Louis Alexandre Lebris de Kerouac. Kerouacs baptism certificate lists his name simply as Jean Louis Kirouac, Kerouacs father Leo had been born into a family of potato farmers in the village of Saint-Hubert-de-Rivière-du-Loup, Quebec. Jack also had stories on the etymology of his surname, usually tracing it to Irish, Breton. In one interview he claimed it was from the name of the Cornish language, another version was that the Kerouacs had come to Cornwall from Ireland before the time of Christ and the name meant language of the house. In still another interview he said it was an Irish word for language of the water, Kerouac, derived from Kervoach, is the name of a town in Brittany in Lanmeur, near Morlaix. Jack Kerouac later referred to 34 Beaulieu Street as sad Beaulieu, the Kerouac family was living there in 1926 when Jacks older brother Gerard died of rheumatic fever, aged nine. This deeply affected four-year-old Jack, who would say that Gerard followed him in life as a guardian angel. This is the Gerard of Kerouacs novel Visions of Gerard and he had one other sibling, an older sister named Caroline. Kerouac was referred to as Ti Jean or little John around the house during his childhood, Kerouac spoke French until he learned English at age six, he did not speak English confidently until his late teens. He was a child who was devoted to his mother. She was a devout Catholic, who instilled this deep faith into both her sons, Kerouac would later say that his mother was the only woman he ever loved. After Gerard died, his mother sought solace in her faith, while his father abandoned it, wallowing in drinking, gambling, and smoking
9.
On the Road
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On the Road is a novel by American writer Jack Kerouac, based on the travels of Kerouac and his friends across America. It is considered a work of the postwar Beat and Counterculture generations, with its protagonists living life against a backdrop of jazz, poetry. The idea for On the Road, Kerouacs second novel, was formed during the late 1940s in a series of notebooks and it was first published by Viking Press in 1957. After several film proposals dating from 1957, the book was made into a film, On the Road, produced by Francis Ford Coppola. In 1998, the Modern Library ranked On the Road 55th on its list of the 100 best English-language novels of the 20th century, the novel was chosen by Time magazine as one of the 100 best English-language novels from 1923 to 2005. After Kerouac dropped out of Columbia University, he served on several different sailing vessels before returning to New York to write and he met and mixed with Beat Generation figures Allen Ginsberg, William Burroughs, and Neal Cassady. Between 1947 and 1950, while writing what would become The Town, Kerouac carried small notebooks, in which much of the text was written as the eventful span of road trips unfurled. He started working on the first of several versions of the novel as early as 1948, however, he remained dissatisfied with the novel. In a letter to a student in 1961, Kerouac wrote, Dean and I were embarked on a journey through post-Whitman America to FIND that America and it was really a story about 2 Catholic buddies roaming the country in search of God. The manuscript was typed on what he called the continuous, 120-foot scroll of tracing paper sheets that he cut to size. The roll was typed single-spaced, without margins or paragraph breaks, in the following years, Kerouac continued to revise this manuscript, deleting some sections and adding smaller literary passages. On the Road was championed within Viking Press by Malcolm Cowley and was published by Viking in 1957, besides differences in formatting, the published novel was shorter than the original scroll manuscript and used pseudonyms for all of the major characters. Viking Press released an edited version of the original manuscript titled On the Road, The Original Scroll. This version has been transcribed and edited by English academic and novelist Dr. Howard Cunnell, the collection included 10 manuscript pages of an unfinished version of On the Road, written on January 19,1951. The date of the writings makes Kerouac one of the earliest known authors to use colloquial Quebec French in literature, the original scroll of On The Road was bought in 2001 by Jim Irsay for $2.43 million. It has occasionally made available for public viewing, with the first 30 feet unrolled. Between 2004 and 2012, the scroll was displayed in a number of museums and libraries in the United States, Ireland, and it was exhibited in Paris in the summer of 2012 to celebrate the movie based on the book. The novel contains five parts, three of them describing road trips with Moriarty, the novel is largely autobiographical, Sal being the alter ego of the author and Dean standing for Neal Cassady
10.
Maleficent (film)
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Walt Disney Pictures announced the films development in 2010, with Joe Roth as producer and Jolie, Don Hahn, and Michael Vieira as executive producers. Principal photography took place between June and October 2012, Maleficent premiered at the El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood on May 28,2014, and was released in the United Kingdom that same day. The film was released in the United States on May 30,2014 in the Disney Digital 3D, RealD 3D, the film received an Academy Award nomination for Best Costume Design at the 87th Academy Awards. Maleficent is a fairy who lives in the Moors, a magical forest realm bordering a corrupt human kingdom. As a young girl, she meets and falls in love with a peasant boy named Stefan. As they become older, the two apart, and Maleficent becomes protector of the Moors. When King Henry tries to conquer the Moors, a grown Maleficent forces him to retreat, fatally wounded in battle, he declares that whoever kills Maleficent will be named his successor and marry his only daughter, Princess Leila. Stefan visits Maleficent in the Moors, where he drugs her, instead, he cuts off her wings and presents them to the king as evidence of her death. Maleficent awakens to find herself wingless, overwhelmed by Stefans betrayal, she declares herself Queen of the Moors, forming a dark kingdom with Diaval, a raven to whom she gives human form. He acts as her wings, her spy and confidant, after some time, Diaval informs Maleficent that Stefan, now king, is hosting a christening for his newborn daughter, Princess Aurora, with his wife, Queen Leila. When Stefan begs for mercy, Maleficent mocks him by offering an antidote and he sends his armies to find and kill Maleficent, but she surrounds the Moors with an impenetrable wall of thorns. King Stefan slips into madness and paranoia trying to prevent the curse, despite her initial dislike for Aurora, Maleficent begins to have motherly feelings for the girl. After a brief meeting with the young Aurora, Maleficent watches over her from afar, when Aurora is fifteen, she encounters Maleficent. Knowing that she is being watched over, she refers to Maleficent as her fairy godmother, in the forest, Aurora meets Prince Philip, and the two are instantly smitten with one another. On the day before Auroras sixteenth birthday, Maleficent invites her to live with her in the Moors, the pixies inadvertently tell Aurora of her past and reveal Maleficents true identity, and a distraught Aurora runs away to her fathers castle. After a brief reunion with his daughter, Stefan locks her away in her room for her own safety, however, the power of the curse draws Aurora to the dungeon, where remnants of a spinning wheel pricks her finger. She falls into a sleep, fulfilling the curse. Maleficent, intent on saving her, abducts Phillip and infiltrates Stefans castle, at her bedside, Maleficent apologizes to Aurora and kisses her forehead
11.
Uppingham School
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Uppingham School is a co-educational independent school situated in the small market town of Uppingham in Rutland, England. The school was founded in 1584 by Robert Johnson, the Archdeacon of Leicester who also established Oakham School, the Reverend Edward Thring was perhaps the schools best-known headmaster. His changes to the curriculum were later adopted in other English public schools. John Wolfenden, headmaster from 1934–1944, was notable for later chairing the Wolfenden Committee whose report recommending the decriminalisation of homosexuality, was published in 1957, the current Director of Music is Stephen Williams. In 1584 Uppingham School was founded with a hospital, or almshouse, the original 1584 Schoolroom in Uppingham churchyard is still owned by the school and is a Grade I listed building. The original hospital building is now incorporated in the School Library, the first recorded Uppingham schoolboy was Henry Ferne from York, who was Chaplain to Charles I. Another prominent early schoolboy was the Jesuit Anthony Turner, one of the martyrs of the Popish Plot, in the 17th, 18th and early 19th centuries Uppingham remained a small school of 30–60 pupils, with two staff. Despite its small size, pupils then, regularly gained places and scholarships to Oxford, during that period, various features of life in the School developed which are still in evidence today. Uppingham became a boarding school, with all pupils having individual studies. This pattern was established around 1800, and some of original studies still survive. The first recorded school play was performed in 1794 and Uppingham has a thriving theatre, the main recreation in the 19th century was cricket – the first recorded cricket match, described in the school magazine, was in 1815 – and the game still thrives at Uppingham. In 1846 the Institution of School Praepostors, or Prefects, was established, the Praepostors are universally called Pollies around the school. Edward Thring transformed the School from a small, high-quality local grammar school into a large, well-known public school, in Borth the school took over the disused Cambrian Hotel and a number of boarding houses, for a period of 14 months. The move was successful in saving the school from a serious epidemic, the move to Borth is commemorated in an annual service, held in the school chapel. Thring also won national and transatlantic reputation as a thinker and writer on education. At a time when Maths and Classics dominated the curriculum he encouraged many ‘extra’ subjects, French, German, Science, History, Art, Carpentry and Music. In particular Thring was a pioneer in his introduction of Music into the system of education. He also opened the first gymnasium in an English school, the forerunner of the present Sports Hall and he also commissioned a number of impressive buildings, notably the Chapel designed by the famous Gothic Revival architect G. E. Street
12.
Joy Division
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Joy Division were an English rock band formed in 1976 in Salford, Greater Manchester. Originally named Warsaw, the band consisted of singer Ian Curtis, guitarist and keyboardist Bernard Sumner, bass player Peter Hook, and drummer Stephen Morris. Formed by Sumner and Hook after the two attended a Sex Pistols gig, Joy Division soon moved beyond their roots to develop a sound. The bands self-released 1978 debut EP, An Ideal for Living, drew the attention of the Manchester television personality Tony Wilson, Joy Divisions debut album Unknown Pleasures, recorded with producer Martin Hannett, was released in 1979 to critical acclaim. As the bands popularity grew, singer Curtis suffered from problems that included depression, a failing marriage. He found it difficult to perform live concerts, during which he sometimes suffered seizures. In May 1980, on the eve of the bands first American tour, Curtis committed suicide, the bands second and final album, Closer, was released two months later, the album and preceding single Love Will Tear Us Apart became the bands highest charting release. After Curtiss death, the members continued as New Order. Although their career spanned less than four years, Joy Division continues to exert an influence on a variety of subsequent artists, on 20 July 1976, childhood friends Sumner and Hook separately attended a Sex Pistols show at the Manchester Lesser Free Trade Hall. The following day Hook borrowed £35 from his mother to buy his first bass guitar, Sumner later said that he felt that the Pistols destroyed the myth of being a pop star, of a musician being some kind of god that you had to worship. Inspired by the performance, Sumner and Hook formed a band with their friend Terry Mason, Sumner bought a guitar, and Mason a drum kit. They invited schoolfriend Martin Gresty to join as vocalist, but he turned them down after getting a job at a local factory, an advertisement was placed in the Virgin Records shop in Manchester for a vocalist. Ian Curtis, who knew them from earlier gigs, responded and was hired without audition, Sumner said that he knew he was all right to get on with and thats what we based the whole group on. If we liked someone, they were in, Warsaw debuted on 29 May 1977 at the Electric Circus, supporting the Buzzcocks, Penetration and John Cooper Clarke. They received immediate national exposure due to reviews of the gig in the NME by Paul Morley, Tony Tabac played drums that night after joining the band two days earlier. Mason was soon made the manager and Tabac was replaced on drums in June 1977 by Steve Brotherdale. During his tenure with Warsaw, Brotherdale tried to get Curtis to leave the band and join Panik, in July 1977, Warsaw recorded a set of five demo tracks at Pennine Sound Studios, Oldham. Uneasy with Brotherdales aggressive personality, the band fired him soon after the demo sessions, driving home from the studio, they pulled over and asked Brotherdale to check on a flat tyre, when he got out of the car, they sped off
13.
British Independent Film Awards
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The British Independent Film Awards is an organisation that celebrates, supports and promotes British independent cinema and filmmaking talent. Nominations for the awards ceremony are announced in early November. Since 2015, BIFA has also hosted UK–wide talent development and film screening programmes with the support of Creative Skillset and the BFI. BIFA founding members include Phillip Alberstat, Chris Auty, André Burgess, Sally Caplan, Pippa Cross, Christopher Fowler, Lora Fox Gamble, Steven Gaydos, Norma Heyman, the first BIFA ceremony took place on the 29th October 1998. Winners included Ken Loach, Shane Meadows and Ray Winstone, the Special Jury Prize was awarded to Nik Powell, and the Best British Independent Film award went to My Name is Joe. The BIFA ceremony takes place in early December every year and is one of the first dates in the awards season. Most of the categories are for British independent feature films only, though there are awards for Best International Independent Film. There are also several awards, such as the Special Jury Prize, the Richard Harris Award. Main categories, Films must be over 70 minutes in length, Films must have had a public screening to a paying audience, either on general release in the UK or at a British film festival or at one of BIFAs recognised international festivals. Must be produced or majority co-produced by a British production company, where there is a major studio substantially funding a film, the total budget must not exceed $20 million. BIFA has a pool of voters that consists of past BIFA winners and nominees, top British film industry professionals. Although the pool is continually growing, fewer than 200 voters vote for the nominations in any one year, all entered films must be seen by a minimum number of voters and discussed at a voter meeting before being marked as having been given fair consideration. In calculating the results, BIFA takes into account the number of voters who have seen each film as well as how many voted for it, the winners in most categories are decided by independent juries, newly–appointed each year. Juries meet to discuss all nominations before voting confidentially for the winner, exceptions include the honorary awards and the award for Best British Independent Film, the winner of which is decided by a confidential vote amongst all BIFA voters. Sessions included The Lobster with production designer Jaqueline Abrahams, The Selfish Giant with casting director Amy Hubbard, BIFA Presents is an ongoing project wherein BIFA supports the theatrical distribution of award-nominated and -winning films with special preview and event screenings. In February 2017, BIFA Presents hosted exclusive previews of the Oscar-winning Moonlight in conjunction with Everyman Cinemas, BIFA Independents is a series of regular screenings of films featuring BIFA-winning and nominated talent. The first BIFA Independents screening was in December 2016, featuring Andrea Arnolds Best British Independent Film-winning American Honey
14.
British Academy of Film and Television Arts
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The British Academy of Film and Television Arts is an independent charity that supports, develops and promotes the art forms of the moving image – film, television and game in the United Kingdom. David Lean was the founding Chairman of the Academy, the first Film Awards ceremony took place in May 1949 and honouring the films The Best Years of Our Lives, Odd Man Out and The World Is Rich. In 2005, it placed a cap on worldwide voting membership which now stands at approximately 6,500. BAFTA has offices in Scotland and Wales in the UK, in Los Angeles and New York in the United States and runs events in Hong Kong, amanda Berry OBE has been chief executive of the organisation since December 2000. Many of these events are free to online at BAFTA Guru. BAFTA runs a number of programmes across the UK, US. Launched in 2012, the UK programme enables talented British citizens who are in need of support to take an industry-recognised course in film. Each BAFTA Scholar receives up to £12,000 towards their annual course fees, since 2013, three students every year have received one of the Prince William Scholarships in Film, Television and Games, supported by BAFTA and Warner Bros. These scholarships are awarded in the name of in his role as President of BAFTA, since 2015, BAFTA has been offering scholarships for British citizens to study in China, vice versa. BAFTA presents awards for film, television and games, including entertainment, at a number of annual ceremonies across the UK and in Los Angeles. The BAFTA award trophy is a mask, designed by American sculptor Mitzi Cunliffe. Todays BAFTA award – including the mask and marble base – weighs 3.7 kg and measures 27 cm x 14 cm x 8 cm. BAFTAs annual film awards ceremony is known as the British Academy Film Awards, or the BAFTAs, in 1949 the British Film Academy, as it was then known, presented the first awards for films made in 1947 and 1948. Since 2008 the ceremony has held at the Royal Opera House in Londons Covent Garden. It had been held in the Odeon cinema on Leicester Square since 2000, the ceremony had been performed during April or May of each year, but since 2002 it has been held in February to precede the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences Academy Awards, or Oscars. They have been awarded annually since 1954, the first ever ceremony consisted of six categories. Until 1958, they were awarded by the Guild of Television Producers and Directors, from 1968 until 1997, BAFTAs Film and Television Awards were presented together, but from 1998 onwards they were presented at two separate ceremonies. The Television Craft Awards celebrate the talent behind the programmes, such as working in visual effects, production
15.
The Fall (band)
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The Fall are an English post-punk band, formed in 1976 in Prestwich, Lancashire. They have undergone many line up changes, with Mark E. Smith as the founder, the Falls long term musicians have included bassist Steve Hanley, drummers Paul Hanley and Karl Burns, and guitarists Marc Riley, Craig Scanlon and Brix Smith. First associated with the late 1970s punk movement, the Falls music has undergone numerous stylistic changes, while the Fall have never achieved widespread success beyond minor hit singles in the late 1980s, they have maintained a strong cult following. The Fall have been called the most prolific band of the British post-punk movement and they have released thirty-one studio albums as of 2015, and more than three times that number when live albums and compilations are taken into account. The Fall were formed in Prestwich, Lancashire in 1976 by Mark E. Smith, Martin Bramah, Una Baines, the four friends would meet to read their writings to each other and take drugs. Their musical influences included Can, The Velvet Underground, Captain Beefheart and garage bands like The Monks. The members were devoted readers, with Smith citing H. P, lovecraft, Raymond Chandler and Malcolm Lowry among his favourite writers. After seeing the Sex Pistols play Manchesters Lesser Free Trade Hall in June 1976, Smith wanted to name the group The Outsiders, but Friel came up with the name The Fall after a 1956 novel by Albert Camus. Smith became the singer, Bramah the guitarist, Friel played bass guitar and Baines bashed biscuit tins instead of drums, unable to afford buying a drum kit, the Falls music was intentionally raw and repetitive. The song Repetition, declaring that weve repetition in the music, the group played its first concert on 23 May 1977 at the North West Arts basement. The bands first drummer was remembered only as Dave or Steve for thirty-four years, Ormrod lasted just one show, at least in part due to political differences with the other members of the group. He was replaced by Karl Burns, whom Friel played with in a band Nuclear Angel, the Fall soon caught attention of Buzzcocks manager Richard Boon, who funded their first recording session. And in November 1977 they recorded material for their debut EP, Boon planned to release the EP on his New Hormones label, but after discovering that he could not afford to release the EP, he gave the tapes back to the group. The Falls line-up underwent first drastic changes in 1977–78, kay Carroll, Una Bainess friend and colleague at the psychiatric hospital, became the groups manager and occasional backing vocalist, as well as Smiths girlfriend. Friel, unhappy with Carrolls management, left in December 1977 and he was briefly replaced by Jonnie Brown and later Eric McGann. 16-year-old Marc Riley, the roadie, was eventually recruited to the group to play bass guitar. Finally was released in August 1978 on Step Forward Records, the single Its the New Thing followed in November 1978, and in December The Fall recorded their debut album Live at the Witch Trials, which was released in March 1979. Burns quit the group shortly after the album was recorded, and was replaced by Mike Leigh from Rockin Ricky, a cabaret band
16.
Mark E. Smith
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Mark Edward Smith is an English singer, songwriter and musician. He is the singer, lyricist, front man and only constant member of the post-punk group The Fall. He comes from Prestwich, outside Manchester, Smith formed The Fall in 1978 after attending a Sex Pistols gig at the Manchester Free Trade Hall in June 1976. Although hugely talented and charismatic, Smith is famously acerbic and difficult to work with and he has been described by the BBC and others as a national treasure, a bit like the Queen. Born into a working family in Broughton, Salford, Lancashire, England. Originally a Labour supporter, he joined the Socialist Workers Party. He formed The Fall, named after the novel by Camus and he gave up his job as a shipping clerk at Salford docks shortly after to devote his full energies to the band and has continued to do so ever since. Smith married American guitarist, and Fall band member Brix Smith on 19 July 1983 and they divorced in 1989 and he has since remarried twice. His second wife was Saffron Prior who used to work for the Falls fan club and he married his present wife, Eleni Poulou, also called Elenor or Elena, in 2001. Poulou joined the band in September 2002 and resigned in July 2016, when British DJ and Fall supporter John Peel died in 2004, Smith made a notorious appearance on the BBCs Newsnight show. He has made his appreciation for Peel clear in several subsequent interviews, still, the two only met a handful of times. Though he broke his hip while promoting the album The Real New Fall LP in 2004, Smith refused to cancel an upcoming American tour, ultimately, the pain and medication caused a number of dates to be cancelled. In January 2005, Mark E. Smith was the subject of The Fall, The Wonderful and Frightening World of Mark E. Smith, the following August, Smith received the Contribution to Music award at the Diesel-U-Music Awards. Smiths autobiography, Renegade, The Gospel According to Mark E. Smith, alongside his work with the Fall, Smith has released two spoken-word solo albums, The Post-Nearly Man and Pander. Both albums feature readings of Fall lyrics, samples of Fall songs, the line between Smiths solo career and his work with the group remains somewhat blurred. Smith has also appeared as a guest vocalist for Edwyn Collins, Elastica, Gorillaz, Long Fin Killie, Mouse on Mars, Coldcut and Ghostigital. His contribution to Inspiral Carpets 1994 song I Want You won UK top 20 recognition, topped the Festive Fifty, most recently, Smith has worked with Mouse on Mars on the collaboration project Von Südenfed, whose first album, Tromatic Reflexxions, was released on 21 May 2007. Smith more recently provided guest vocals on the Gorillaz album Plastic Beach, on the song Glitter Freeze, and joined the group Shuttleworth to record the World Cup song Englands Heartbeat
17.
Michael Winterbottom
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Not to be confused with the classical scholar Michael Winterbottom. Michael Winterbottom is an English filmmaker and he began his career working in British television before moving into features. Three of his films—Welcome to Sarajevo, Wonderland and 24 Hour Party People—have competed for the Palme dOr at the Cannes Film Festival, Winterbottom was born in Blackburn, Lancashire. Winterbottoms television directing career began with a documentary about Ingmar Bergman, in 1991 he directed episodes of various British TV shows, including the 4-part childrens series Time Riders and an episode of Boon. In 1992 he directed the television film Under the Sun about a young British woman traveling in Greece and he next directed the 1994 mini-series Family, written by Roddy Doyle. Each of four episodes focused on one member of a working-class Dublin family and it was this series that first brought Winterbottom to the attention of filmgoers, when it was edited down into a feature and shown at festivals. His final early television project was a 1995 episode of the documentary series Cinema Europe, The Other Hollywood, butterfly Kiss Winterbottoms 1995 cinematic debut firmly established his intense visual sense, naturalistic style and compelling use of pop songs to reinforce narrative. The story of a mentally unbalanced lesbian serial killer and her submissive lover/accomplice falling in love as they slaughter their way across the motorways of Northern England and it found only a limited release. Go Now That same year, he reunited with Jimmy McGovern for the BBC television film Go Now, focusing on the turmoil this causes the couple, the film was given a theatrical release in many countries, including the United States. It was not Winterbottoms first time approaching the work, having filmed the pig slaughter sequence at film school. Starring Christopher Eccleston and Kate Winslet, Jude brought Winterbottom wider recognition, his first screening at Cannes and numerous Hollywood offers, all of which he eventually turned down. The film is based on the story of a British reporter, Michael Nicholson. I Want You Winterbottoms next two films both had difficulties and were not widely seen. I Want You is a neo-noir sex thriller set in a decaying British seaside resort town, starring Rachel Weisz and Alessandro Nivola, it was shot in bold primary colors by the Polish cinematographer Slawomir Idziak and was inspired by the Elvis Costello song of the same name. Idziak won an Honourable Mention award at the 48th Berlin International Film Festival for his work on the film, Wonderland 1999s Wonderland marked a decided shift in style for Winterbottom, with its loose, handheld photography and naturalistic, often improvised dialogue which drew comparisons to Robert Altman. Featuring Gina McKee, Shirley Henderson, John Simm, Ian Hart and Stuart Townsend, the disparate elements are tied together by an orchestral score by minimalist composer Michael Nyman, who would become a frequent collaborator with Winterbottom. The Claim Winterbottom followed that project up with his biggest budgeted film, The Claim, shot with a budget of $20 million in the wilds of Canada, it was not a financial success and proved an ordeal to make, with Winterbottom himself getting frostbite. The production had previously been ready to shoot in Spain, with sets already built, as much an ode to the city of Manchester as the story of the contemporary musical world, the film stars Steve Coogan as broadcaster/music-mogul Tony Wilson
18.
24 Hour Party People
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24 Hour Party People is a 2002 British comedy-drama film about Manchesters popular music community from 1976 to 1992, and specifically about Factory Records. It was written by Frank Cottrell Boyce and directed by Michael Winterbottom, the film was entered into the 2002 Cannes Film Festival. It begins with the rock era of the late 1970s and moves through the 1980s into the Madchester scene of the late 1980s. The main character is Tony Wilson, a reporter for Granada Television. The narrative largely follows his career, while covering the major Factory artists, especially Joy Division and New Order, A Certain Ratio, The Durutti Column. The film is a based on a combination of real events, rumours, urban legends. The fourth wall is broken, with Wilson frequently commenting on events directly to camera as they occur, at one point declaring that he is being postmodern. The actors are often intercut with real contemporary concert footage, including the Sex Pistols gig at the Lesser Free Trade Hall, in 1976 television presenter Tony Wilson sees the Sex Pistols perform at the Manchester Lesser Free Trade Hall for the first time. Inspired, Wilson starts a series of punk rock shows at a Manchester club. Wilson founds a record label, Factory Records, and signs Joy Division as the first band and he hires irascible producer Martin Hannett to record Joy Division, and soon the band and label have a hit record. In 1980, just before Joy Division is to tour the United States, Joy Division rename themselves New Order and record a hit single, Blue Monday. Wilson opens a nightclub, The Haçienda, business is slow at first, Wilson signs another hit band, Happy Mondays, led by Shaun Ryder, and the ecstasy-fuelled rave culture is born. Despite the apparent success, Factory Records is losing money, every copy of Blue Monday sold loses five pence, as the intricately designed packaging by Peter Saville costs more than the singles sale price. Wilson pays for New Order to record a new album in Ibiza and he pays for the Happy Mondays to record their fourth studio album in Barbados, but Ryder spends all the recording money on drugs. When Wilson finally receives the finished album, he finds that Ryder has refused to record vocals, at the Haçienda, ecstasy use is curbing alcohol sales and attracting gang violence. While smoking marijuana on the roof of Haçienda after its closing night, the film holds a Metacritic score of 85/100. Roger Ebert gave it four out of four stars, the film was nominated for the Palme dOr at the 2002 Cannes Film Festival. The soundtrack to 24 Hour Party People features songs by artists associated with Factory Records who were depicted in the film
19.
Factory Records
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Like the label 4AD Records, Factory Records used a creative team which gave the label and the artists recording for it a particular sound and image. The label employed a unique cataloguing system that gave a not just to its musical releases. At that time there was a label in Manchester called Rabid Records, run by Tosh Ryan. It had several successful acts, including Slaughter & The Dogs, John Cooper Clarke, after his seminal TV series So It Goes, Tony Wilson was interested in the way Rabid Records ran, and was convinced that the real money and power were in album sales. With a lot of discussion, Tony Wilson, Rob Gretton and Alan Erasmus set up Factory Records, the Factory name was first used for a club in May of that year, which featured local bands including The Durutti Column, Cabaret Voltaire from Sheffield, and Joy Division. Peter Saville designed advertising for the club, and in September Factory released an EP of music by acts who had played at the club called A Factory Sample, in 1978, Wilson compered the new wave afternoon at Deeply Vale Festival. The Factory label set up an office in Erasmus home on the first floor of 86 Palatine Road, singles followed by A Certain Ratio and Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark. The first Factory LP, Joy Divisions Unknown Pleasures, was released in June, in January 1980, The Return of the Durutti Column was released, the first in a long series of releases by guitarist Vini Reilly. In May, Joy Division singer Ian Curtis committed suicide shortly before a tour of the USA. The following month saw Joy Divisions single Love Will Tear Us Apart reach the UK top twenty, in late 1980, the remaining members of Joy Division decided to continue as New Order. Hannett left the label, as he had wanted to open a studio instead. Saville also quit as a due to problems with payments. Wilson, Erasmus and Gretton formed Factory Communications Ltd, the Haçienda opened in May 1982. Adjusting bar prices failed to help matters as by the crowds were increasingly preferring ecstasy to alcohol. Therefore the Haçienda ended up costing tens of thousands of pounds every month, in 1983 New Orders Blue Monday became an international chart hit. Saville noted that nobody at Factory expected Blue Monday to be a successful record at all. 1985 saw the first release by Happy Mondays, New Order and Happy Mondays became the most successful bands on the label, bankrolling a host of other projects. Factory, and the Haçienda, became a hub of the emerging techno and acid house genres
20.
Sean Harris
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Sean was born in Bethnal Green, London, but grew up in Lowestoft, Suffolk. Sean attended Denes High School, now the Ormiston Denes Academy in Lowestoft, at 23, he moved to London to train at the Drama Centre London from 1989 to 1992. In 2009, he played corrupt Detective Inspector Bob Craven in Channel 4s critically acclaimed Red Riding trilogy and as photographer Anton Blair in Dean Cavanaghs comedy series, Svengali. In the BBC TV drama Five Daughters, Harris portrayed Brian Tobin, co-founder of the treatment facility, The Iceni Project. In preparing to play Tobin, Harris followed the real Brian Tobin around during pre-production, from 2011-2013, Harris appeared as the assassin Micheletto in The Borgias, a series created by Neil Jordan. In 2013, he starred as Stephen Morton in the Channel 4 drama Southcliffe, for which Harris would win a British Academy of Film and Television Arts award for Best Actor in 2014. He also played Joss Merlyn in the poorly received BBC adaptation of Jamaica Inn, which became a subject of controversy and made national news over its mumbling cast and other sound problems. His notable roles include that of Joy Divisions lead singer Ian Curtis in Michael Winterbottoms 2002 film,24 Hour Party People and as Steven in the short, True Love. Harris also played Nick Sidney in the 2005 mockumentary, Brothers of the Head, directed by Keith Fulton, in 2007, he appeared in his first feature film lead role as Eddie in Saxon, directed by Greg Loftin. In 2009, he played Stretch in Harry Brown, directed by Daniel Barber, in 2010, Harris appeared in yet another film short, Native Son, written and directed by Scottish director Scott Graham. It premiered at the 2010 Cannes Film Festival, in 2012, he played Fifield in the Ridley Scotts Prometheus. In 2014, Harris played Mick Santino in Deliver Us From Evil, directed by Scott Derrickson and based upon the 2001 novel Beware the Night by Ralph Sarchie and Lisa Collier Cool. He was cast by Derrickson for the film, without an interview and that same year, he appeared as Gene Womack in Guy Myhills The Goob. Myhill previously directed Harris in two shorts, Two Halftimes to Hell and The Fabulous Bilsons. In 2015, Harris appeared as Solomon Lane in Mission, Impossible - Rogue Nation, directed by Christopher McQuarrie and his next project, Trespass Against Us, is due for release in 2016. Known as an actor of Stanislavskis system, Harris frequently remains unavailable for interviews while filming, preferring not to break with character. However, his method allows him to film with few takes, presently, Harris is filming Possum, a film by Matthew Holness, in which he plays the main character. Harris did an appearance as a clown in a music video for the Norwich band the Black Sharks debut album titled Lose Control
21.
Franklyn
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Franklyn is a 2008 British science fantasy film written and directed by Gerald McMorrow as his debut feature. Produced by Jeremy Thomas, it stars Ryan Phillippe, Eva Green, shooting took place in London in the fourth quarter of 2007. Franklyn held its premiere at the 52nd London Film Festival on 16 October 2008. The film was released in the United Kingdom on 27 February 2009, split between the parallel realities of contemporary London and the otherworldly metropolis of Meanwhile City, Franklyn follows the tales of four characters. Jonathan Preest is a vigilante who will not rest until he finds his nemesis. Emilia is a young art student whose rebellion may turn out to be deadly. Milo is a twenty something yearning for the purity of first love. Peter is a man steeped in religion, searching desperately for his missing son amongst Londons homeless, Ryan Phillippe as Jonathan Preest, a masked vigilante detective from Meanwhile City. Preest is the only atheist in town, Eva Green in a dual role as Emilia and Sally. Emilia is a beautiful but damaged student who films her would-be suicide attempts as installations for her art degree, Eva Green has compared her to real people, Sophie Calle and Tracey Emin and described Sally as full of life, very witty, big sense of humor. Sam Riley as Milo, a man who has just been jilted at the altar. Riley was cast based on his performance as Ian Curtis in the 2007 film Control, bernard Hill as Peter Esser, a Cambridge church warden looking for his wayward son in London. It depicts a similar dystopia to his 2002 short Thespian X, in October 2006, actor Ewan McGregor was cast as the lead in the film, which was slated to begin production in summer 2007. However, McGregor broke his leg in a accident in February 2007 during the second series of Long Way Round and was forced to leave the project. Actors Ryan Phillippe, Eva Green, and newcomer Sam Riley were cast in Franklyn in September 2007, Phillippe was the last to be cast in what McMorrow termed a now or never situation, saying of their first meeting, You have preconceptions about people. You expect the bleach-blond Californian kid and what you got was an incredibly erudite, when I met him we did not stop talking all afternoon. McMorrows visual inspiration for Meanwhile, City came from the religious iconography he saw in Mexico City shopping malls. He later explained, The idea was that if going to have a capital city based on religion, youve got somewhere like Florence or Rome
22.
13 (2010 film)
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13 is a 2010 American remake of the 2005 Georgian-French film 13 Tzameti. The film, directed by Géla Babluani, stars Sam Riley, Ray Winstone,50 Cent, Mickey Rourke, Vincent Vince Ferro overhears people talking about a dead man who was going to start a well-paid job. Ferro, in need of money, steals an envelope containing the instructions for the job and he arrives at an event in a secluded place. He is ordered to strip, and his heels are cut off. The organizers accept him for the job instead of the dead man, the job is participation in a series of Russian roulette games. There are several participants, identified by number, in each round, the participants have to spin the cylinder of their revolver, and shoot when the light of a special light bulb is switched on. The event is organized for the enjoyment of spectators, one of these spectators being Jasper Bagges. Bagges bets on his brother Ronald, who was brought from the mental institution, in the first round, the participants each get one bullet in their revolver, they are arranged into a circle, and each has to aim his revolver at the man in front of him. Ferro tries to out, but he is forced to participate. As #13, he survives the first round and fires his gun only after being threatened with death, in the second round, in which two bullets are placed in each gun, Ferro survives only because the man behind him is killed before he could fire. In the third round, with three bullets in each gun, Ferro again survives, along with four other men, Ferro is one of two survivors randomly chosen to participate in a duel. The three others are finished and get a sum of money. One of them, Patrick Jefferson, who was brought from prison to compete, is surprised that he is free to go, Jimmy then tries to kill Jefferson, attempting to steal a map Jefferson has, leading to money he has stashed from a robbery. Another employee catches Jimmy in the act, and demands that he stop, Jefferson collects his belongings and leaves. Against the odds, Ferro wins the duel and gets $1,850,000 and he also learns that his opponent won his last 3 duels. He collects his winnings and sneaks away from the mansion, arriving at a train station, when he spots police closing in on him, he stashes his winnings in a garbage can. After being interrogated by the police, he retrieves the money and sends it to his family, via registered mail, and buys a toy for his sisters birthday. However, on the way home, he is shot by Jasper, partly in revenge for Vince having killed Ronald, Jasper escapes with the money bag, not knowing that it only contains the toy
23.
13 Tzameti
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13 Tzameti is a 2005 suspense thriller film written, produced, and directed by Georgian filmmaker Géla Babluani. Tzameti is the Georgian word for thirteen,13 Tzameti is the feature length directorial debut for Babluani. It also marks the debut of his younger brother Georges. The music was composed by East from the French band Troublemakers, the film tells the story of a destitute immigrant worker who steals an envelope containing instructions for a mysterious job that could pay out a fortune. Following the instructions, the young man unwittingly becomes trapped in a dark, the film follows 22-year-old Sébastien, a Georgian immigrant living in France and working construction jobs to support his poor family. Sébastien works on the home of Godon, a feeble morphine-addict who is under police surveillance, after Godon dies of an overdose, his widow informs Sébastien that she is unable to pay him. Sébastien then overhears the widow talking with one of Godons friends, the destitute Sébastien steals an envelope containing the instructions for the job. The police begin following Sébastien as he uses the ticket contained in the envelope. The police lose track of Sébastien as he follows the instructions and is brought to a house in a forest. At the house, a deadly gambling event is being organized by a powerful criminal, though Sébastiens contacts immediately recognize that he is not Godon and has no idea what he is getting into, they force him to participate in the game. Thirteen men identified by number must undergo a series of Russian roulette games, arranging themselves into a circle, spectators place bets on who will survive. Sébastien, as #13, survives the first round and fires his gun only after threatened with death, on the second round, in which two bullets are placed in each gun, Sébastien survives only because the man behind him is killed before he could fire. On the third round, with three bullets in each gun, Sebastien survives along with three other men, though he believes that he is finished, Sébastien is selected for the final duel game against #6, a cruel man who is managed by his own brother. Sébastien wins the duel and survives the game and he collects €850,000 out of the winnings his handlers have made from him, then flees the house. Fearing for his life, he sends the money home in a parcel before the catch up with him. He tells the detective that he was turned away from the game and received no money, the police release him, but the brother of #6 spots him as he boards a train. The brother shoots Sébastien and steals his empty satchel, Sébastien collapses into a seat as the train begins to move. George Babluani - Sébastien Aurélien Recoing - Jacky Pascal Bongard - Le maître de cérémonie Fred Ulysse - Alain Nicolas Pignon - Le parrain Vania Vilers - Mr, the film won the World Cinema Jury Prize at the 2006 Sundance Film Festival
24.
Pinkie Brown
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Pinkie Brown is a fictional character, the main character and antihero in Graham Greenes 1938 novel Brighton Rock. In the novel, Brown is portrayed as the 17-year-old leader and enforcer of a gang in the Brighton underworld that runs numbers and protection rackets for Colleoni. A violent sociopath, he brutalizes and murders people, even his own henchmen, without remorse, and is incapable of feeling love or taking pleasure in life. In the beginning of the novel, he kills Fred Hale, a gambler who assisted a rival gang in dispatching Browns predecessor. Brown is depicted as severely neurotic and he regards everyone he meets with hatred and contempt, and yet envies them for feeling emotions he cannot experience. He abhors sex, as a child, he spied on his parents making love and he is obsessed with the concept of sin, his idea of which is shaped by his Roman Catholic upbringing, and believes himself to be pure evil. He has no friends, and has nothing but contempt for women, although clearly named by the other characters, within the narrative Pinkie is never referred to as such, he is only ever called the Boy. In the beginning of the novel, Brown kills Charles Fred Hale, soon afterward, he kills one of his henchmen, Spicer, when his alcoholism becomes a liability. He dodges the police, but makes an enemy in Ida Arnold, at about the same time, he meets Rose, a 16-year-old waitress at Snows Cafe who saw him With Hale. He eventually conducts a marriage with her to make sure she doesnt go to the police. The only common ground they have is their religion, they are both Roman Catholics, and therefore superior to the irreligious Arnold. While Arnold talks of right and wrong, Pinkie and Rose discuss good and evil, Arnold appeals to Rose to end the marriage, but Rose refuses, even though she knows deep down that her husband is a monster. A devout Catholic, she believes the abuse she suffers at his hands is divine retribution for living in sin, by the novels conclusion, Pinkie decides to get rid of Rose. He tells her it is only a matter of time before he is arrested, Arnold arrives with a police officer just in time to save Rose, however. Brown attacks Arnold with a vial of vitriol, which he accidentally splashes in his own face, as he reels from the pain, he loses his footing and falls to his death from a cliff side. Brown was portrayed by Richard Attenborough in John Boultings 1947 adaptation of Brighton Rock, and by Sam Riley in Rowan Joffés 2010 adaptation
25.
Brighton Rock (2010 film)
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Brighton Rock is a 2010 British crime film loosely based on Graham Greenes 1938 novel of the same name. Rowan Joffé wrote the screenplay and directed the film, which stars Sam Riley, Andrea Riseborough, Andy Serkis, John Hurt, Sean Harris, the novel was previously made into a film in 1947 by the Boulting brothers under the same title. Although the novel and original film are set in the 1930s, the 21st century adaptation takes place in Brighton and is set during the Mods. Riley plays Pinkie, the role played by Richard Attenborough. It was largely filmed in the town of Eastbourne, with Eastbourne Pier standing in for Brighton Pier. Some scenes were shot at Hedsor House in Buckinghamshire and in Brighton itself, in 1964, Pinkie Brown, the sociopathic enforcer of a Brighton gang, murders Fred Hale, who has himself killed the gang leader, Kite. Brown befriends Rose, a waitress who witnessed the gangs activity. She falls in love with him, to prevent her from being compelled to give evidence against him, he marries her. Ida, Roses employer and a friend of Hales, takes it upon herself to save the girl from the monster she has married. After re-reading the novel, however, Joffé fell absolutely in love with the character of Rose, joffe later explained why he did his own adaptation of the novel, The novel was worthy of a contemporary adaptation. In fact, it makes it almost more dutiful as a filmmaker if you love the novel, I mean, a lot of the Catholicism was cut out of the original film because they didn’t want to offend Catholics. Apropos to the location, Pinkie kills Spicer by shoving a stick of Brighton rock candy down his throat, Brighton Rock premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival in September 2010 and the BFI London Film Festival in October 2010. The film was released theatrically in the United Kingdom on 4 February 2011, in the United States, IFC Films released the film in August 2011, theatrically in New York City and Los Angeles, and elsewhere via video-on-demand. Brighton Rock received mixed reviews from critics, review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 53% of 89 critics gave the film a positive review, for an average rating of 5. 7/10. Metacritic, which assigns an average score from 1 to 100 to reviews from mainstream critics. According to Stephen Holden, Mr. Joffé has turned Brighton Rock into a film noir with the stylistic undertow of a more modern British gangster movie. As potentially lethal as the thugs may be, they are also slightly over-the-hill small-time bookies who seem anything but invincible, Andy Serkis is outstanding as the oily Colleoni, a smirking sybarite and crime lord with playboy airs. Holden notes Mr. Riley, now 31, is a little too old to play a teenage gangster, nevertheless, Holden concludes By discarding most of the theological debate, the movie is no longer a passion play but a gritty and despairing noir
26.
Helen Mirren
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Dame Helen Lydia Mirren DBE is an English actor. The Audience was written by Peter Morgan, who also wrote The Queen, Tingle, Gosford Park, Calendar Girls, The Last Station, Hitchcock, and The Hundred-Foot Journey. She played Victoria Winslow in the action-comedy films Red and Red 2, in 2003, she was appointed a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire for Services to the Performing Arts. In 2013, Mirren was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and she was born Helen Lydia Mironoff at Queen Charlottes and Chelsea Hospital in Hammersmith, west London, the daughter of Kathleen Kitty Alexandrina Eva Matilda and Vasily Petrovich Mironoff. Her mother was English and her father was Russian, originally from Kuryanovo, Mirrens paternal grandfather, Colonel Pyotr Vasilievich Mironov, was in the Imperial Russian Army and fought in the 1904 Russo-Japanese War. He later became a diplomat, and was negotiating a deal in Britain when he. The former diplomat became a London cab driver to support his family and his son, Helen Mirrens father, anglicised the family name to Mirren in the 1950s and changed his name to Basil Mirren. He played the viola with the London Philharmonic before World War II, Mirrens mother was a working-class Londoner from West Ham, East London, and was the 13th of 14 children born to a butcher whose own father had been the butcher to Queen Victoria. Mirren considers her upbringing to have been very anti-monarchist, Mirren was the second of three children, she was born three years after her older sister, Katherine, and also had a younger brother, Peter Basil. Mirren was brought up in Leigh-on-Sea, Essex, aged eighteen, she auditioned for the National Youth Theatre and was accepted. By the time she was 20, she was playing Cleopatra in the NYT production of Antony and Cleopatra at the Old Vic, as a result of her work for the National Youth Theatre, Mirren was invited to join the Royal Shakespeare Company. She also appeared in four productions, directed by Braham Murray for Century Theatre at the University Theatre in Manchester, in 1970, the director/producer John Goldschmidt made a documentary film, Doing Her Own Thing, about Mirren during her time with the Royal Shakespeare Company. The film was made for ATV and shown on the ITV Network in the UK and she then rejoined the RSC, playing Lady Macbeth at Stratford in 1974 and at the Aldwych Theatre in 1975. According to Beauman, there were no repercussions for this rebuke of the RSC. Her performance earned her the London critics Plays & Players Best Actress award, beginning in November 1975, Mirren played in West End repertory with the Lyric Theatre Company as Nina in The Seagull and Ella in Ben Travers new farce The Bed Before Yesterday. In 1981, she returned to the Royal Court for the London premiere of Brian Friels Faith Healer, – Michael Coveney, Financial Times, April 1983. On 15 February 2013, at the West Ends Gielgud Theatre she began a turn as Elizabeth II in the World Premiere of Peter Morgans The Audience, the show was directed by Stephen Daldry. In April she was named best actress at the Olivier Awards for her role, a further stage breakthrough came in 1994, in an Yvonne Arnaud Theatre production bound for the West End, when Bill Bryden cast her as Natalya Petrovna in Ivan Turgenevs A Month in the Country
27.
Graham Greene
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Henry Graham Greene OM CH, better known by his pen name Graham Greene, was an English novelist regarded by some as one of the great writers of the 20th century. Combining literary acclaim with widespread popularity, Greene acquired an early in his lifetime as a major writer. He was shortlisted, in 1966 and 1967, for the Nobel Prize for Literature, through 67 years of writings, which included over 25 novels, he explored the ambivalent moral and political issues of the modern world, often through a Catholic perspective. Greene was born in Berkhamsted in Hertfordshire into a large, influential family that included the owners of the Greene King Brewery and he later boarded at Berkhamsted School in Hertfordshire, where his father taught and became headmaster. Unhappy at the school, he attempted several times. He went up to Balliol College, Oxford, to study history, after graduating, Greene worked first as a private tutor and then as a journalist – first on the Nottingham Journal and then as a sub-editor on The Times. He converted to Catholicism in 1926 after meeting his future wife, later in life he took to calling himself a Catholic agnostic, or even at times a Catholic atheist. He published his first novel, The Man Within, in 1929 and he supplemented his novelists income with freelance journalism, and book and film reviews. His 1937 film review of Wee Willie Winkie, commented on the sexuality of the nine-year-old star and this provoked Twentieth Century Fox to sue, prompting Greene to live in Mexico until after the trial was over. While in Mexico, Greene developed the ideas for The Power, Greene had a history of depression, which had a profound effect on his writing and personal life. In a letter to his wife, Vivien, he told her that he had a character profoundly antagonistic to ordinary life, and that unfortunately. William Golding described Greene as the chronicler of twentieth-century mans consciousness. He died in 1991, at age 86, of leukaemia, Henry Graham Greene was born in 1904 in St. John’s House, a boarding house of Berkhamsted School, Hertfordshire, where his father was housemaster. He was the fourth of six children, his brother, Hugh, became Director-General of the BBC, and his elder brother, Raymond. Charles Greene was second master at Berkhamsted School, where the headmaster was Dr Thomas Fry, another cousin was the right-wing pacifist Ben Greene, whose politics led to his internment during World War II. In his childhood, Greene spent his summers with his uncle, Sir William, in Greenes description of his childhood, he describes his learning to read there, It was at Harston I found quite suddenly I could read — the book was Dixon Brett, Detective. Graham also attended the school as a boarder, bullied and profoundly depressed, he made several suicide attempts, including, as he wrote in his autobiography, by Russian roulette and by taking aspirin before going swimming in the school pool. In 1920, aged 16, in what was a step for the time, he was sent for psychoanalysis for six months in London
28.
Walter Salles
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Walter Moreira Salles, Jr. is a Brazilian filmmaker and film producer of international prominence. Salles attended the University of Southern California School of Cinematic Arts and he is the son of Brazilian banker, politician and philanthropist Walter Moreira Salles. Salless first notable film was Terra Estrangeira, released in Brazil in 1995, locally, it was widely acclaimed by film critics and a minor box-office hit, and it was selected by over 40 film festivals worldwide. In 1998 he released Central do Brasil to widespread international acclaim, Salles won a Golden Globe Award for Best Foreign Language Film, becoming the first Brazilian to win a Golden Globe. In 2001, Abril Despedaçado, starring Rodrigo Santoro, was nominated for the Best Foreign Film Golden Globes, both films were produced by veteran Arthur Cohn and had worldwide distribution. In 2003, Salles was voted one of the 40 Best Directors in the World by The Guardian and his biggest international success has been Diarios de Motocicleta, a 2004 film about the life of young Ernesto Guevara, who later became known as Che Guevara. It was Salless first foray as director of a film in a other than his native Portuguese and quickly became a box-office hit in Latin America. In 2005, Salles released his first Hollywood film, Dark Water and he also helped to produce the Argentine picture Hermanas which was a major success. In 2006, Salles wrote and directed a segment in the French film Paris, the film is a collection of 18 shorter segments made by different 21 directors and set in different arrondissements of Paris. Salles segment called Loin du 16e and took place in the 16th arrondissement of Paris, in 2007, Salles took part in a similar project called To Each His Own Cinema in the 60th anniversary of the Cannes Film Festival. He made a 3-minute segment called A8944 km de Cannes, in 2008, Salles wrote and directed the film Linha de Passe also with Daniela Thomas. It is a story about four brothers from a family who need to fight to follow their dreams. He was nominated for the Golden Palm and Sandra Corveloni won the best actress award for her role in film in Cannes Film Festival in 2008. In 2012 Salles released José Riveras screenplay adaptation of Jack Kerouacs On the Road, the film was nominated for the Palme dOr at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival. com Walter Salles interviewed by Michael Ordoña for the San Francisco Chronicle
29.
Byzantium (film)
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Byzantium is a 2012 Irish horror fantasy thriller film directed by Neil Jordan and starring Gemma Arterton, Saoirse Ronan, and Jonny Lee Miller. The story concerns a mother and daughter vampire duo who move into a hotel while hiding out from other vampires. The film premiered at the Irish Film Institute in April 2013 and was released the following month. It has received positive reviews. In 2010, an old man, Robert Fowlds, picks up a discarded note dropped by teenage vampire Eleanor Webb, realising what she is, the old man invites Eleanor to his house and tells her that he is ready for death. Eleanor proceeds to kill him and consume his blood, elsewhere, Eleanors mother, Clara, is chased from the lap-dancing club where she has been working by Werner, a member of the vampiric Brethren, who demands to know where Eleanor is. Clara decapitates Werner, burns his body and leaves town with her daughter, Eleanor and Clara seek sanctuary in a dilapidated coastal resort. There, Clara sets her sights on a lonely soul named Noel, who has just inherited the Byzantium Hotel, Eleanor plays the piano in a restaurant and is approached by a young waiter named Frank, who takes a shine to her. Having seduced Noel, Clara turns the Byzantium into a makeshift brothel, interested in her past, Frank questions Eleanor, who writes her story for him to read. Not entirely believing it, he shows it to their teacher, much to the dismay of Darvell, Clara leaves with Ruthven, who forces her into prostitution. When Eleanor is born in 1804, Clara leaves her at the local private orphanage, years later, Clara is dying of what appears to be tuberculosis when the brothel is visited by Darvell, who has become a vampire. He gives Ruthven a map to an island where people can become vampires if they are willing to die, Clara shoots Ruthven in the leg, steals the map and makes her way to the island to become a vampire. Darvell finds Clara and takes her to the Brethren, a society of vampires that protects the secret of vampirism. Shortly afterwards, Claras decision to spare Ruthven comes back to haunt her, Clara brutally murders him but she is too late, Eleanor is condemned to a slow, painful death. Desperate to save her daughters life, Clara takes Eleanor to the island and has her transformed into a vampire, the Brethren begin hunting Clara and Eleanor. In the 21st century, Eleanor falls in love with Frank and decides to help him turn into a vampire so they can be together, before killing him, Clara finds out from Kevin that Eleanor has told Frank of their past. Noel is accidentally killed, falling down the shaft, when Clara tries to prevent Eleanor from leaving the hotel. While Clara is out dealing with Frank, Darvell and Savella, Clara leaves without killing Frank when she realises that Eleanor is in mortal danger
30.
Neil Jordan
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Neil Patrick Jordan is an Irish film director, screenwriter, novelist and short-story writer. His first book, Night in Tunisia, won a Somerset Maugham Award and he won an Academy Award for The Crying Game. He also won the Silver Bear for Best Director at the Berlin International Film Festival for The Butcher Boy, Jordan was born in County Sligo, the son of Angela, a painter, and Michael Jordan, a professor. He was educated at St. Pauls College, Raheny, later, Jordan attended University College Dublin, where he studied Irish history and English literature. Of his religious background, Jordan said in a 1999 Salon interview, I was brought up a Catholic and was religious at one stage in my life. But it left me with no scars whatever, it just sort of vanished and he said about his current beliefs that God is the greatest imaginary being of all time. Along with Einsteins General Theory of Relativity, the invention of God is probably the greatest creation of human thought, when John Boorman was filming Excalibur in Ireland, he recruited Jordan as a creative associate. During the 1980s, he directed films that won him acclaim, including The Company of Wolves and Mona Lisa, the Company of Wolves became a cult favorite. He was also the force behind the cable TV series The Borgias. While Lestat is depicted in an attractive but villainous manner, his partner Louis, in the remake of The End of the Affair, two people engage in a love affair that will end as suddenly as it started, with both not wanting its end. In addition to the sexuality of Jordans films, he frequently returns to the Troubles of Northern Ireland. The Crying Game and Breakfast on Pluto both concern a transgender character, both concern the Troubles, and both feature frequent Jordan leading man Stephen Rea. The two films, however, are different, with Crying Game being a realistic thriller/romance and Breakfast on Pluto a much more episodic, stylized. Jordan also frequently tells stories about children or young people, such as The Miracle, the critical success of Jordans early pictures led him to Hollywood, where he directed High Spirits and Were No Angels, both were critical and financial disasters. He later returned home to make the more personal The Crying Game, Jordan won the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for the film. Its unexpected success led him back to American studio filmmaking, where he directed Interview with the Vampire and he also directed the crime drama The Brave One starring Jodie Foster. Neil Gaiman announced during his The Today Show appearance on 27 January 2009, Jordan also wrote and directed the Irish made film Ondine, starring Colin Farrell and Alicja Bachleda-Curuś. He also directed Byzantium, an adaptation of the play of the same name starring Saoirse Ronan, Gemma Arterton
31.
Gemma Arterton
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Gemma Christina Arterton is an English actress. Arterton made her debut in the comedy film St Trinians. Her breakthrough role was in the James Bond film Quantum of Solace, playing Bond Girl Strawberry Fields, which won her an Empire Award for Best Newcomer. She is known for her roles in the fantasy films Clash of the Titans, Prince of Persia, The Sands of Time, Byzantium and as the character Gretel in Hansel and Gretel, Witch Hunters. Arterton was born at North Kent Hospital in Gravesend, Kent, to Sally-Anne, a cleaner, and Barry Arterton and her matrilineal great-grandmother was a German-Jewish concert violinist. At age 16, Arterton left school to attend the Miskin Theatre at North West Kent College in Dartford. She received a government grant to study at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art. She graduated from RADA school in 2008 and her sister, Hannah Arterton, is also an actress. Arterton won her first professional role in Stephen Poliakoffs Capturing Mary while she was still at drama school and she made her stage debut as Rosaline in Shakespeares Loves Labours Lost at the Globe Theatre in London in July 2007 before graduating later that year. She made her debut in St Trinians as Head Girl Kelly. In 2008, she appeared in the James Bond film Quantum of Solace, chosen from around fifteen hundred candidates, Arterton plays Bond Girl Strawberry Fields, in what is described as a nice-sized role. Arterton describes her character as the thinking mans crumpet, in the same year, she played the eponymous protagonist in the BBC adaptation of Thomas Hardys Tess of the dUrbervilles. Also in 2008, she played Elizabeth Bennet in the ITV serial and her most controversial role to date was in the 2009 film The Disappearance of Alice Creed, in which her character is kidnapped and abused in several graphic nude scenes. The role required her to be handcuffed to a bed and wear a gag in her mouth throughout. She requested that she be left tied to the bed even when the camera was not on her to help her performance and she joked that the crew would put the ball gag back in if she was chatting too much. Arterton is the face of Avons Bond Girl 007 fragrance, which launched in October 2008. Having already started in a series of advertisements for Avon, Arterton in May 2008 requested a role opposite model Kate Moss for Rimmel, in 2010, Arterton made her West End debut in the UK premiere of The Little Dog Laughed. She was originally attached to star in a new adaptation of Wuthering Heights as Catherine Earnshaw, however, she later left the project
32.
Saoirse Ronan
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Saoirse Una Ronan is an Irish and American actress. She is a two-time Academy Award nominee, receiving a Best Supporting Actress nomination for Atonement, and she also received three BAFTA Award nominations, two Golden Globe nominations, two Screen Actors Guild nominations and two Satellite Awards. She had her film debut in the romantic comedy I Could Never Be Your Woman. Other roles include City of Ember, The Lovely Bones, Hanna, The Way Back, Byzantium, The Host, How I Live Now, in January 2016, Ronan was included in Forbes 30 Under 30 in both the European and USA editions. In March 2016, Ronan made her Broadway debut in a revival of the The Crucible, in the role of Abigail Williams and she appeared on the cover of Time magazine in June 2016, one of ten young leaders selected as Next Generation Leaders. Born in The Bronx, in New York City, Ronan is the child of Irish parents Monica and Paul Ronan. Her father is also an actor, and her mother had acted as a child, Ronans family moved to County Carlow, Ireland, when she was three years old, later settling in Howth, Dublin. Ronan made her debut on Irish public service broadcaster RTÉ, in the 2003 prime time medical drama The Clinic. During the same time, Ronan auditioned to play Luna Lovegood in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, at the age of twelve, Ronan was asked to attend a casting call for Joe Wrights 2007 film adaptation of Ian McEwans 2001 novel Atonement. She auditioned for and won the part of Briony Tallis, a 13-year-old aspiring novelist and she acted alongside Keira Knightley and James McAvoy. Wright grew more and more impressed with Ronan on-set, and Ronan declared her role a fantastic part, Ronans next film was Amy Heckerlings often-delayed romantic comedy I Could Never Be Your Woman. In 2008, Ronan starred in both Death Defying Acts and the fantasy film City of Ember. Ronan was awarded an Irish Film & Television Award for her performance, released to a mixed reception, the film was not a success at the box office, barely grossing US$8.3 million worldwide. In Gil Kenans City of Ember Ronan starred as Lina Mayfleet, the fantasy film, based on the 2003 novel by Jeanne DuPrau, received mixed reviews from critics, and grossed US$17 million worldwide, well below its US$55 million budget. The Lovely Bones was released to mixed reviews critics, who criticised the films story. Critics praised the acting however, particularly Ronans, whose performance Richard Corliss of Time described as magic, the film garnered various accolades, winning Ronan a Critics Choice Award and a Saturn Award as well as a second BAFTA Award nomination the following year. Her performance in the film garnered Ronan her fourth IFTA Award, in 2010, Ronan was invited to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. In 2011, Ronan starred as the character in the action thriller Hanna about a 15-year-old girl who has been brought up in the Arctic wilderness to be the perfect assassin
33.
The Walt Disney Company
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The Walt Disney Company, commonly known as Disney, is an American diversified multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate, headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank, California. It is the second largest media conglomerate in terms of revenue. Disney was founded on October 16,1923 – by brothers Walt Disney, the company also operated under the names The Walt Disney Studio and then Walt Disney Productions. Taking on its current name in 1986, it expanded its operations and also started divisions focused upon theater, radio, music, publishing. In addition, Disney has since created corporate divisions in order to more mature content than is typically associated with its flagship family-oriented brands. The company is best known for the products of its studio, Walt Disney Studios. Disneys other three divisions are Walt Disney Parks and Resorts, Disney Media Networks, and Disney Consumer Products. The company has been a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average since May 6,1991, Mickey Mouse, an early and well-known cartoon creation of the company, is a primary symbol and mascot for Disney. In early 1923, Kansas City, Missouri, animator Walt Disney created a film entitled Alices Wonderland. After the bankruptcy in 1923 of his previous firm, Laugh-O-Gram Studios, Disney moved to Hollywood to join his brother, Walt and Roy Disney formed Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio that same year. More animated films followed after Alice, in January 1926, with the completion of the Disney studio on Hyperion Street, the Disney Brothers Studios name was changed to the Walt Disney Studio. The distributor owned Oswald, so Disney only made a few hundred dollars, Disney completed 26 Oswald shorts before losing the contract in February 1928, due to a legal loophole, when Winklers husband Charles Mintz took over their distribution company. After failing to take over the Disney Studio, Mintz hired away four of Disneys primary animators to start his own animation studio, Snappy Comedies. In 1928, to recover from the loss of Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, Disney came up with the idea of a character named Mortimer while on a train headed to California. The mouse was later renamed Mickey Mouse and starred in several Disney produced films, ub Iwerks refined Disneys initial design of Mickey Mouse. Disneys first sound film Steamboat Willie, a cartoon starring Mickey, was released on November 18,1928 through Pat Powers distribution company and it was the first Mickey Mouse sound cartoon released, but the third to be created, behind Plane Crazy and The Gallopin Gaucho. Disney used Pat Powers Cinephone system, created by Powers using Lee De Forests Phonofilm system, Steamboat Willie premiered at B. S. Mosss Colony Theater in New York City, now The Broadway Theatre. Disneys Plane Crazy and The Galloping Gaucho were then retrofitted with synchronized sound tracks, Disney continued to produce cartoons with Mickey Mouse and other characters, and began the Silly Symphonies series with Columbia Pictures signing on as Symphonies distributor in August 1929
34.
Angelina Jolie
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Angelina Jolie Pitt, DCMG is an American actress, filmmaker, and humanitarian. She has received an Academy Award, two Screen Actors Guild Awards, and three Golden Globe Awards, and has cited as Hollywoods highest-paid actress. Jolie made her debut as a child alongside her father, Jon Voight. Her film career began in earnest a decade later with the low-budget production Cyborg 2, followed by her first leading role in a major film, Hackers. She starred in the critically acclaimed biographical cable films George Wallace and Gia, Jolies starring role as the video game heroine Lara Croft in Lara Croft, Tomb Raider established her as a leading Hollywood actress. Beginning in the 2010s, she expanded her career into directing, screenwriting and her biggest commercial success came with the fantasy picture Maleficent. Her personal life is the subject of wide publicity, divorced from actors Jonny Lee Miller and Billy Bob Thornton, she separated from her third husband, actor Brad Pitt, in September 2016. They have six children together, three of whom were adopted internationally, born in Los Angeles, California, Jolie is the daughter of actors Jon Voight and Marcheline Bertrand. She is the sister of actor James Haven and niece of singer-songwriter Chip Taylor and her godparents are actors Jacqueline Bisset and Maximilian Schell. On her fathers side, Jolie is of German and Slovak descent, and on her mothers side, she is of primarily French Canadian, Dutch, like her mother, Jolie has stated that she is part Iroquois, although her only known indigenous ancestors were 17th-century Hurons. After her parents separation in 1976, Jolie and her brother lived with their mother, when Jolie was six years old, Bertrand and her live-in partner, filmmaker Bill Day, moved the family to Palisades, New York, they returned to Los Angeles five years later. Jolie then decided she wanted to act and enrolled at the Lee Strasberg Theatre Institute, Jolie first attended Beverly Hills High School, where she felt isolated among the children of some of the areas affluent families because her mother survived on a more modest income. She was teased by other students, who targeted her for being extremely thin and her early attempts at modeling, at her mothers insistence, proved unsuccessful. She dropped out of her classes and aspired to become a funeral director. She also struggled with insomnia and an eating disorder, and began experimenting with drugs, by age 20, she had used just about every drug possible, particularly heroin. Jolie suffered episodes of depression and twice planned to commit suicide—at age 19 and again at 22, when she was 24, she experienced a nervous breakdown and was admitted for 72 hours to UCLA Medical Centers psychiatric ward. Two years later, after adopting her first child, Jolie found stability in her life, later stating, I knew once I committed to Maddox, I would never be self-destructive again. Jolie has had a dysfunctional relationship with her father, which began when Voight left the family when his daughter was less than a year old
35.
Michelle Williams (actress)
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Michelle Ingrid Williams is an American actress. She began her career with television guest appearances, and made her film debut in Lassie. She gained wider recognition for her role as Jen Lindley on the The WB series Dawsons Creek from 1998 to 2003 and she followed this with films such as Martin Scorseses Shutter Island. Her work in Blue Valentine garnered her nominations for the Golden Globe Award and she won a Golden Globe and an Independent Spirit Award for her portrayal of Marilyn Monroe in My Week with Marilyn, which also garnered her BAFTA, SAG, and Academy Award nominations. In 2016, she received acclaim for her performance in the drama Manchester by the Sea, earning her nominations from the BAFTA, SAG. On Broadway, Williams appeared in a revival of the musical Cabaret in 2014 and she received a Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play nomination for the latter. Williams was born in Kalispell, Montana, the daughter of Carla Ingrid and her parents are separated, and she has one sister, Paige, and three half-siblings. Her mother is a homemaker, and her father is an author, stock and commodities trader and she has Norwegian, and smaller amounts of English, German, Danish, Swiss, Swedish, Scottish, and Welsh ancestry. As a child, Williams kept to herself and was self-sufficient, as she has said, I was really secretive with my parents, I found that by keeping to myself I got on OK. When Williams was nine, her moved to San Diego. She became interested in acting at an age when she saw a local production of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Williams began her career in the early 1990s by making guest appearances in programs such as Step by Step. In 1993, she appeared as Bridget Bowers in Baywatch and she debuted in the adventure film Lassie. In Species, she portrayed the younger version of Sil, an alien-human who grows up to become the character played by Natasha Henstridge. At age 15, with her parents approval, she filed for emancipation from them, after completing ninth grade at Santa Fe Christian Schools, in Solana Beach, California, she left school because of severe bullying. Subsequently, Williams was home-tutored by her father and later graduated with a GED from a correspondence school and she moved to Los Angeles and quickly secured a role in Dawsons Creek. Williams said later that she thought she knew all she needed to know since age 15 and she said in 2011 that she chose emancipation as she was influenced by other young actors doing it. In 1997, unhappy with the roles they were being offered, Williams and it was sold, but nothing happened with it
36.
Matthias Schoenaerts
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Matthias Schoenaerts is a Belgian actor, film producer and graffiti artist of Flemish origin. He made his debut at the age of 13 in Daens. Schoenaerts received critical acclaim for his portrayal of an ex-soldier suffering from PTSD in Disorder, in 2015, he was named Knight of the Order of Arts and Letters in France. Schoenaerts was born in Antwerp, Flanders, the Flemish region of Belgium and he is the son of actor Julien Schoenaerts and Dominique Wiche, a costume designer, translator and French teacher. He has a half brother, Bruno Schoenaerts, who is a lawyer. Schoenaerts grew up bilingual speaking Dutch and French and he is also fluent in English, which he learned by watching American movies. In 1987, at nine years old, he appeared on a production of Antoine de Saint-Exupérys The Little Prince opposite his father. His mother, Dominique, was the designer of the play. He started producing graffiti as a teenager under the pseudonym Zenith and it is possible to watch some videos of Schoenaerts doing graffiti in Belgium on YouTube. Schoenaerts was close to becoming a soccer player and was on the books of Belgian team Beerschot AC. In 2013, Schoenaerts stated that he is a fan of Spanish football club FC Barcelona, at the age of 13, Schoenaerts made his film debut with a small role in the 1992 Belgian film Daens, which was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. His father also starred in the film but they did not share any scenes together, in 2003, Schoenaerts was named one of Europes Shooting Stars by the European Film Promotion. After completing studies at The Academy of Dramatic Arts in Antwerp, he featured in several shorts, in 2006, Schoenaerts played Dennis in Hilde Van Mieghems Love Belongs to Everyone, and had a small role as a member of the Dutch resistance in Paul Verhoevens Black Book. In 2007, he starred in Ben van Lieshouts film De Muze, in the same year, Schoenaerts also starred in the mini-series The Emperor of Taste, playing a Belgian soldier in World War II. In 2009, he starred in Dorothée Van Den Berghes My Queen Karo, in 2010, he played the lead role in Alex Stockmans Techno-thriller Pulsar, and had a cameo in Franck Richards La Meute. In 2011, Schoenaerts starred in the Dutch films The Gang of Oss, in 2011, Schoenaerts played the lead role in Bullhead, directed by Michaël R. Roskam, which was nominated for the Best Foreign Language Oscar. His performance in the film was received and won him the FIPRESCI Award for best actor at the Palm Springs International Film Festival in January 2012. The jury praised the actors portrayal of an innocent and sensitive man trapped in a truculent body
37.
Kristin Scott Thomas
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Dame Kristin Ann Scott Thomas, DBE is an English actress. She won the Best Supporting Actress BAFTA Award for Four Weddings, for her work in the theatre, she has been nominated for the Olivier Award for Best Actress five times, winning in 2008 for the Royal Court revival of The Seagull. Scott Thomas made her debut in the Prince-directed Under the Cherry Moon in 1986, Further film roles include Bitter Moon, Mission, Impossible, The Horse Whisperer, Gosford Park. She has also worked in French cinema, winning the European Film Award for Best Actress for Philippe Claudels Ive Loved You So Long and her other French films include The Valet, Tell No One, Leaving and Sarahs Key. Scott Thomas was born in Redruth, Cornwall, Scott Thomas was brought up as a Roman Catholic. Her childhood home was in Trent, Dorset, England and her mother remarried, to another Royal Navy pilot, who also died in a flying accident, six years after the death of her father. Scott Thomas was educated at Cheltenham Ladies College and St Antonys Leweston in Sherborne, Dorset, on leaving school she moved to Hampstead, London, and worked in a department store. She then began training to be a teacher at the Central School of Speech. On being told she would never be a good enough actress and her breakthrough role was in a 1988 adaptation of Evelyn Waughs A Handful of Dust, where she won an Evening Standard British Film Award for most promising newcomer. This was followed by roles opposite Hugh Grant in Bitter Moon and Four Weddings,1996 saw the release of her most famous role as Katharine Clifton in The English Patient, which gained her Golden Globe and Oscar nominations as well as critical acclaim. This was followed by a period working in Hollywood on films such as The Horse Whisperer with Robert Redford. However, growing disillusioned with Hollywood, she took a year off to give birth to her third child and she reprised the role in New York in September 2008. In summer 2011 Scott Thomas returned to Londons West End to star as Emma in Harold Pinters Betrayal at the Comedy Theatre, the revival was directed by Ian Rickson. Her husband was played by Ben Miles and the triangle was completed by Douglas Henshall. In January 2013, she starred in another Pinter play, Old Times, in 2014 she appeared at The Old Vic in the title role of Sophocless Electra. Scott Thomas also has acted in French films, in 2006, she played the role of Hélène, in French, in Ne le dis à personne, by French director Guillaume Canet. In 2008, Scott Thomas received many accolades for her performance in Il y a longtemps que je taime, including BAFTA and Golden Globe nominations for Best Actress. She was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 2003 Birthday Honours and she was named a Chevalier of the Légion dhonneur by the French Government in 2005
38.
Ruth Wilson
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Ruth Wilson is an English actress. She is known for her performances in Suburban Shootout, Jane Eyre and she has also appeared in Anna Karenina, The Lone Ranger, and Saving Mr. Banks. In 2014, she had a role in the film Locke and has a starring role in the Showtime series The Affair. Wilson is a two-time Olivier Award winner, Wilson was born in Ashford, Surrey, the daughter of Mary, a probation officer, and Nigel Wilson, an investment banker. She has three older brothers Toby, Sam and Matthew and is the granddaughter of novelist and MI6 officer Alexander Wilson and his third wife and she grew up in Shepperton, Surrey, and was raised Catholic. Wilson attended Notre Dame School, an independent Catholic school for located in Cobham. As a teenager, she worked as a model, and went on to study history at the University of Nottingham, while at Nottingham, she was also involved in student drama at the New Theatre. She graduated from the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art in July 2005, during her time at Nottingham, she participated in the TV war strategy game Time Commanders, helping her teammates fight in the Battle of Pharsalus. Prior to her role in Jane Eyre, Wilson had one professional screen credit, in Suburban Shootout, a situation comedy she starred in with Tom Hiddleston. In 2006–07, she filmed the series of Suburban Shootout, a new Agatha Christies Marple mystery for ITV. In 2007, Wilson appeared in Gorkys Philistines, playing Tanya, in June, she presented the 2007 Lilian Baylis Awards. From 23 July to 3 October 2009, she appeared as Stella in the Donmar revival of A Streetcar Named Desire, on 15 November 2009 AMC Television and ITV premiered the 2009 TV miniseries remake of The Prisoner, in which Wilson played the Village doctor, Number 313. She played Queenie in an adaptation of Andrea Levys Small Island, from 2010 to 2013, she appeared in the British psychological police drama Luther as recurring character Alice Morgan, a research scientist and highly intelligent sociopath. In September 2012, the creator, Neil Cross, announced that he was in the process of creating a spin-off of Luther centred on Wilsons character. Cross stated, The BBC is very interested in the project, the only real question would be how many and how often we would do it – whether it would be a one-off miniseries or a returning miniseries, a co-production or not. From 4 August to 8 October 2011, Wilson starred in the role of Eugene ONeills Anna Christie at the Donmar Warehouse alongside Jude Law. Her performance prompted The Guardian to devote an editorial to Wilsons courageous, edgy, in 2014, Wilson began starring as Alison Bailey on The Affair, for which she won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama in January 2015. The show has now run for three seasons and was renewed for a fourth in January 2017 and her film I Am the Pretty Thing That Lives in the House, directed by Oz Perkins, premiered at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival
39.
Mr. Darcy
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Fitzwilliam Darcy, generally referred to as Mr. Darcy, is one of the two central characters in Jane Austens novel Pride and Prejudice. He is an archetype of the romantic hero, and a romantic interest of Elizabeth Bennet. Usually referred to only as Mr. Darcy or Darcy by characters, in the novel, Mr. Darcy is a wealthy gentleman with an income exceeding £10,000 a year, and the proprietor of Pemberley, a large estate in Derbyshire, England. Darcy first meets Elizabeth Bennet at a ball, where he slights her by refusing to dance with her, gradually he becomes attracted to her and later attempts to court her while simultaneously struggling against his continued feelings of superiority. Ironically, Darcy disapproves when his friend Bingley develops an attachment to Elizabeths elder sister Jane. He later explains this seeming hypocrisy by asserting I was kinder to than to myself, eventually, Mr. Darcy declares his love for Elizabeth and offers her a proposal of marriage. He reminds her of the gap in their social status. A few months later, Darcy unexpectedly encounters Elizabeth when she is visiting his estate in Derbyshire with her aunt and uncle Gardiner. Elizabeth is first embarrassed to be discovered at Pemberley, having only visited on the belief that Darcy was absent, however, Darcys intervention was done not to win Elizabeth—he attempted to keep her from knowing of his involvement—but rather to ease her distress. Darcy also felt responsible for failing to warn Elizabeths family. Darcy then releases Mr. Bingley to return to Longbourn and woo Jane, accompanying his friend to Longbourn, Darcy proposes to Elizabeth again, who accepts him. Mr. Darcy is a proud and arrogant man to whom those are lower classes than him and he thinks he is better than them in rank and connections so he does not wish to interact with them. Look at what happened in Meryton, in all the parties he seemed distance himself from the rest of the crowd because he did not think them a worthy acquaintance. At the dance, he did not wish to dance with any girl because they were all beneath him in class and he is honourable, friendly, and caring to whom that are the same class as him. For example, his behaviour with Bingley is more than brotherly as he rescues him from a bad marriage and is constant companion at his side, through Elizabeth, he learns to be less boastful and arrogant because he realizes that his actions have deeply affected others. As in his first proposal to Elizabeth where he acted more prideful than loving and his actions made Elizabeth angrier than touched showing him the insincerity in his manners. Vivien Jones notes that Darcys handsome appearance, wealth and original arrogance signify to the reader that he is the hero of a romance novel, Darcy chooses to involve himself in arranging Lydias marriage, despite the risk to his own reputation. Manliness, or even the ability to survive had in fact almost entirely deserted those were suffering from the cult of sensibility
40.
Burberry
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Burberry Group, Inc. is a British luxury fashion house headquartered in London, England. Its main fashion house focuses on and distributes ready-to-wear outerwear, fashion accessories, fragrances, sunglasses, the first shop opened up in the Haymarket, London, in 1891. Burberry was an independent family controlled company until 1955, when it was reincorporated, the fashion house has dressed notable actors, world leaders, musicians, and athletes. Its distinctive check pattern has one of its most widely copied trademarks. Burberry is most famous for its trench coat, Burberry has branded stores and franchises around the world and sells through concessions in third-party stores. Christopher Bailey has been the CEO and Chief Creative Officer since 2014, the company is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE100 Index. In 2015, Burberry ranked 73rd in Interbrands Best Global Brands report, ahead of Ralph Lauren, Burberry has more than 500 stores in over 50 countries. Burberry was founded in 1856 when 21-year-old Thomas Burberry, a drapers apprentice, opened his own store in Basingstoke, Hampshire. By 1870, the business had established itself by focusing on the development of outdoors attire, in 1879, Burberry introduced in his brand the gabardine, a hardwearing, water-resistant yet breathable fabric, in which the yarn is waterproofed before weaving. Burberry was the name, but then the company soon switched to using the name Burberrys. In 1999, it reverted to its old name, Burberry, the name Burberrys of London is still visible on many older Burberry products. In 1891, Burberry opened a shop in the Haymarket, London, in 1901, the Burberry Equestrian Knight Logo was developed containing the Latin word Prorsum, meaning forwards, and later registered it as a trademark in 1909. In 1911 they became the outfitters for Roald Amundsen, the first man to reach the South Pole, and Ernest Shackleton, a Burberry gabardine jacket was worn by George Mallory on his attempt on Mount Everest in 1924. Adapted to meet the needs of military personnel, the coat was born during the First World War. After the war, the coat became popular with civilians. The iconic Burberry check has been in use since at least the 1920s, Burberry also specially designed aviation garments. In 1937, A. E. Clouston and Betty Kirby-Green broke the record for the fastest return flight from London to Cape Town in The Burberry plane – which was sponsored by the brand. Burberry was an independent family controlled company until 1955, when it was taken over by Great Universal Stores, stars of the modern world began wearing the Burberrys brand
41.
Christopher Bailey (fashion designer)
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He took up the role of Chief Creative and chief executive officer on 1 May 2014, following the departure of former CEO Angela Ahrendts. Bailey, was born in Yorkshire, the son of a carpenter and he graduated from the Royal College of Art with a masters degree in 1994, and later received an honorary fellowship in 2004 and, in 2013, an honorary doctorate. From 1994 to 1996 he was the designer at Donna Karan. He joined Burberry in May 2001 as design director and became director in 2004. On 15 October 2013, Bailey was named as the next CEO of Burberry following Angela Ahrendts departure to Apple in mid-2014, Bailey took up the role of chief creative and chief executive officer on 1 May 2014. Bailey is credited with transforming the fortunes of the company, turning it into the luxury industrys digital leader, Bailey masterminded the design of Burberrys largest store,121 Regent Street in London, opened in 2012, a bricks-and-mortar incarnation of the brands website. He also oversaw the design and development of the 160, 000-square-foot Burberry Global Headquarters at Horseferry House in London, in 2008, Bailey, alongside Angela Ahrendts, established the Burberry Foundation, dedicated to helping young people realise their dreams and potential through the power of their creativity. Bailey is also mentor to emerging British creative talent from UK institutions including the Royal College of Art, while in Milan, Bailey met and began dating Geert Cloet, brand designer for Miu Miu. He split his time between his home in Milan and England, in 2004, Cloet was diagnosed with brain cancer. He and Bailey moved to Yorkshire to be near Baileys family and he has been in a relationship with British actor Simon Woods since 2009. In May 2014, he became the first openly gay executive among FTSE100 corporations
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