The Samnites were an ancient Italic people who inhabited Samnium, a region located in the modern inland Abruzzo, Molise, and Campania in south-central Italy.
Samnite soldiers depicted on a tomb frieze in Nola. From the 4th century BC
Oscan inscription. From right to left it reads: "V[ibius] Popidius, son of V[ibius], chief magistrate, was responsible for this work and approved it."
Lucanian depiction of the Battle of Caudine Forks
Social War coin depicting the Samnite soldiers taking an oath to fight the Romans
The First, Second, and Third Samnite Wars were fought between the Roman Republic and the Samnites, who lived on a stretch of the Apennine Mountains south of Rome and north of the Lucanian tribe.
Samnites
…the rite of ver sacrum. Although allied together against the Gauls in 354 BC, they later became enemies of the Romans and fought them in a series of three wars. Despite an overwhelming victory at the Battle of the Caudine Forks (321 BC), the Samnites were subjugated in 290 BC. Although severely weakened, the…
Samnite soldiers from a tomb frieze in Nola, 4th century BC
Ancient Roman fresco from the Esquiline Necropolis, dated c. 300–280 BC, possibly representing scenes from the Second Samnite war
A ceremonial Attic helmet typical of many found in Samnite tombs, c. 300 BC
Second Samnite War, Battle of the Caudine Forks in 321 BC, the Roman army of the consuls Tiberius Veturius Calvinus symbolically pass under the yoke after their surrender