1.
Music school
–
A music school is an educational institution specialized in the study, training and research of music. Such an institution can also be known as a school of music, music academy, music faculty, college of music, music department, Music instruction can be provided within the compulsory general education system, or within specialized childrens music schools such as the Purcell School. Elementary-school children can access music instruction also in after-school institutions such as music academies or music schools, in Venezuela El Sistema of youth orchestras provides free after-school instrumental instruction through music schools called núcleos. In other parts of Europe, the equivalents of higher school of music or university of music may be used, although music and music education may have been in existence for thousands of years, the earliest history is speculative. Even when history starts to be recorded, music is mentioned more frequently than music education. Within the biblical tradition, Hebrew litany was accompanied with music, but the Torah or Pentateuch was silent on the practice and instruction of music in the early life of Israel. ”This has led some scholars to believe that the prophet Samuel was the patriarch of a school which taught not only prophets and holy men. The schola cantorum in Rome may be the first recorded school in history. The school consisted of monks, secular clergy, and boys, wells Cathedral School, England founded as a Cathedral School in 909 a. d. to educate choristers, continues today to educate choristers and teaches instrumentalists. However the school appears to have been refounded at least once, Saint Martial school, 10th to 12th century, was an important school of composition at the Abbey of Saint Martial, Limoges. It is known for the composition of tropes, sequences, in this respect, it was an important precursor to the Notre Dame School. It was the Notre Dame school which was the earliest repertory of polyphonic music to gain international prestige, the school was a group of composers and singers working under the patronage of the great Cathedral of Notre-Dame in Paris. First records on Escolania de Montserrat, boys choir linked to a school, back to 1307. The Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia is one of the oldest musical institutions in the world, the term conservatory has its origin in 16th-century Renaissance Italy, where orphanages were attached to hospitals. The orphans were given an education there, and the term gradually applied to music schools. These hospitals-conservatories were among the first secular institutions equipped for training in music. By the 18th century, Italian conservatories were already playing a role in the training of artists. In the city of Naples, a conservatorio was strictly a secular place for teaching and learning specializing in music education. The second half of the 19th century saw the network expanding to the Americas, Rio de Janeiro, Boston, Baltimore and Chicago, Havana, and Buenos Aires
2.
San Francisco
–
San Francisco, officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the cultural, commercial, and financial center of Northern California. It is the birthplace of the United Nations, the California Gold Rush of 1849 brought rapid growth, making it the largest city on the West Coast at the time. San Francisco became a consolidated city-county in 1856, after three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fire, San Francisco was quickly rebuilt, hosting the Panama-Pacific International Exposition nine years later. In World War II, San Francisco was a port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater. Politically, the city votes strongly along liberal Democratic Party lines, San Francisco is also the headquarters of five major banking institutions and various other companies such as Levi Strauss & Co. Dolby, Airbnb, Weebly, Pacific Gas and Electric Company, Yelp, Pinterest, Twitter, Uber, Lyft, Mozilla, Wikimedia Foundation, as of 2016, San Francisco is ranked high on world liveability rankings. The earliest archaeological evidence of habitation of the territory of the city of San Francisco dates to 3000 BC. Upon independence from Spain in 1821, the became part of Mexico. Under Mexican rule, the system gradually ended, and its lands became privatized. In 1835, Englishman William Richardson erected the first independent homestead, together with Alcalde Francisco de Haro, he laid out a street plan for the expanded settlement, and the town, named Yerba Buena, began to attract American settlers. Commodore John D. Sloat claimed California for the United States on July 7,1846, during the Mexican–American War, montgomery arrived to claim Yerba Buena two days later. Yerba Buena was renamed San Francisco on January 30 of the next year, despite its attractive location as a port and naval base, San Francisco was still a small settlement with inhospitable geography. The California Gold Rush brought a flood of treasure seekers, with their sourdough bread in tow, prospectors accumulated in San Francisco over rival Benicia, raising the population from 1,000 in 1848 to 25,000 by December 1849. The promise of fabulous riches was so strong that crews on arriving vessels deserted and rushed off to the gold fields, leaving behind a forest of masts in San Francisco harbor. Some of these approximately 500 abandoned ships were used at times as storeships, saloons and hotels, many were left to rot, by 1851 the harbor was extended out into the bay by wharves while buildings were erected on piles among the ships. By 1870 Yerba Buena Cove had been filled to create new land, buried ships are occasionally exposed when foundations are dug for new buildings. California was quickly granted statehood in 1850 and the U. S. military built Fort Point at the Golden Gate, silver discoveries, including the Comstock Lode in Nevada in 1859, further drove rapid population growth. With hordes of fortune seekers streaming through the city, lawlessness was common, and the Barbary Coast section of town gained notoriety as a haven for criminals, prostitution, entrepreneurs sought to capitalize on the wealth generated by the Gold Rush
3.
California
–
California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western coast of the U. S, California is bordered by the other U. S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. Los Angeles is Californias most populous city, and the second largest after New York City. The Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nations second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, California also has the nations most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. The Central Valley, an agricultural area, dominates the states center. What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its war for independence. The western portion of Alta California then was organized as the State of California, the California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes, with large-scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom. If it were a country, California would be the 6th largest economy in the world, fifty-eight percent of the states economy is centered on finance, government, real estate services, technology, and professional, scientific and technical business services. Although it accounts for only 1.5 percent of the states economy, the story of Calafia is recorded in a 1510 work The Adventures of Esplandián, written as a sequel to Amadis de Gaula by Spanish adventure writer Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo. The kingdom of Queen Calafia, according to Montalvo, was said to be a land inhabited by griffins and other strange beasts. This conventional wisdom that California was an island, with maps drawn to reflect this belief, shortened forms of the states name include CA, Cal. Calif. and US-CA. Settled by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years, various estimates of the native population range from 100,000 to 300,000. The Indigenous peoples of California included more than 70 distinct groups of Native Americans, ranging from large, settled populations living on the coast to groups in the interior. California groups also were diverse in their organization with bands, tribes, villages. Trade, intermarriage and military alliances fostered many social and economic relationships among the diverse groups, the first European effort to explore the coast as far north as the Russian River was a Spanish sailing expedition, led by Portuguese captain Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, in 1542. Some 37 years later English explorer Francis Drake also explored and claimed a portion of the California coast in 1579. Spanish traders made unintended visits with the Manila galleons on their trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565
4.
Davies Symphony Hall
–
Louise M. Davies Symphony Hall is the concert hall component of the San Francisco War Memorial and Performing Arts Center in San Francisco, California. The 2, 743-seat hall was completed in 1980 at a cost of US$28 million to give the San Francisco Symphony a permanent home, previously, the symphony shared the neighboring War Memorial Opera House with the San Francisco Opera and San Francisco Ballet. The construction of Davies Hall allowed the symphony to expand to a full-time, designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill and Pietro Belluschi along with acoustical consultants Bolt, Beranek and Newman, its modern design is visually elegant both inside and out. Architects created acoustic isolation of the space by constructing a building within a building. The outer building uses one inch thick structural glass as a curtain wall, passing through a door leads to a hallway, bounded on one side by the lobby wall and on the other by the structural wall of the inner building. This continuous hallway acts as an acoustical isolator and is surfaced with sound absorbing material, however, the halls large volume and seating capacity initially resulted in less than ideal results. Kirkegaard Associates completed acoustical renovations in 1992 at a cost of $10 million which resulted in substantial improvement, in addition, risers were installed on stage to allow the musicians to both see and hear each other better. These and other improvements enhanced not only the acoustics but also the halls beauty, the Fratelli Ruffatti electro-pneumatic pipe organ with 147 ranks was added in 1984. It is designed to accommodate repertory from the pre-baroque to the present, the console can be electronically reprogrammed to correspond to the two major schools of organ keyboard organization - the German and the French. In addition to the hall itself, an adjoining building contains the Harold L. Zellerbach Rehearsal Hall. The largest of these was designed to be the size as the stage of the Opera House across the street to accommodate Opera. A proposed recital hall was never built, that portion of the site remains empty, a Henry Moore bronze sculpture, Large Four Piece Reclining Figure 1972–73, is displayed outside the hall at the corner of Grove Street and Van Ness Avenue. Davies Hall also occasionally hosts non-orchestral performances by contemporary musicians, list of concert halls Robert Commanday. Davies Hall Renovation Applauded - Symphony Opens With Glorious Sound, archived from the original on 2006-10-31. The Davies Symphony Acoustical Canopy Control System, archived from the original on 2007-03-11. Louise M. Davies Symphony Hall at the San Francisco War Memorial & Performing Arts Center Louise M. Davies Symphony Hall Panoramic view Davies Symphony Hall
5.
War Memorial Opera House
–
The War Memorial Opera House in San Francisco, California is located on the western side of Van Ness Avenue across from the rear facade of City Hall. It is part of the San Francisco War Memorial and Performing Arts Center and it has been the home of the San Francisco Opera since opening night in 1932. In 1927, $4 million in bonds were issued to finance the design. A colonnade of paired columns screens colossal arch-headed windows above a rusticated basement. The interior contains an entrance hall with a high barrel vaulted and coffered ceiling parallel to the street. The theater space is dominated by an aluminum and glass panel chandelier under a blue vault. The theater has 3,146 seats plus standing room for 200 behind the orchestra and this is smaller than the Metropolitan Opera and the Chicago Lyric Opera, but it follows the trend of larger capacity in American opera houses than the main European opera houses of the 19th century. The San Francisco Symphony performed most of its concerts in the house, RCA Victor recorded the orchestra here, under the direction of Pierre Monteux, from 1941 to 1952 and in a special stereophonic session in January 1960. The orchestra also made a few recordings for RCA with Enrique Jorda in 1957 and 1958, in later years, the orchestra used a special acoustical shell that was placed around the musicians, greatly enhancing acoustics for concerts. The orchestras final concert in the house was an all-Beethoven concert, after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, the house was regularly blacked out and performances were monitored by air raid wardens. In spring of 1945, the United Nations had its first conference there, the UN Charter was later drafted and signed in the Herbst Theatre next door. Six years later in 1951, the Treaty of San Francisco was drafted and signed here, during the years of Kurt Herbert Adlers general directorship, the inadequacies of the house became apparent as the season was expanded. In particular, there was a lack of space and rehearsal space. In 1974, The Pointer Sisters were the first pop act to perform at the theatre, in 1979 the backstage area was extended, followed in 1981 by the opening of a new wing built onto the house on the Franklin Street side. This gave spaces for sets, coaches, and dancers as well as administrative space. At the same time, the nearby Zellerbach Rehearsal Hall, with a stage the size as that of the Opera House, was opened as part of the complex which included the Louise M. Davies Symphony Hall. In 1989, the powerful Loma Prieta earthquake that shook the Bay Area caused major damage to the Opera House, at this time additional private donations were raised for extensive technical improvements. The organ is not needed with the completion of the nearby Davies Symphony Hall, an underground extension below the neighboring plaza to accommodate additional dressing rooms and backstage facilities
6.
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
–
The museum owes its origin to a donation to the city of San Francisco by Chicago millionaire Avery Brundage, who was a major collector of Asian art. The Society for Asian Art, incorporated in 1958, was the group that formed specifically to gain Avery Brundages collection, the museum opened in 1966 as a wing of the M. H. de Young Memorial Museum in Golden Gate Park. Brundage continued to make donations to the museum, including the bequest of all his personal collection of Asian art on his death in 1975. In total, Brundage donated more than 7,700 Asian art objects to San Francisco, until 2003, the museum shared a space with the de Young Museum in Golden Gate Park. As the museum’s collection grew, the facilities in Golden Gate Park were no longer sufficient to display or even house the collection, in 1987 Mayor Dianne Feinstein proposed a plan to revitalize Civic Center that included relocating the museum to the Main Library. In 1995, Silicon Valley entrepreneur Chong-Moon Lee made a $15 million donation to launch the campaign for a new building for the museum. Lord Cultural Resources, a professional practice, was also commissioned to undertake a three-part sequence of planning studies for the relocation of the Museum. The old Main library was a Beaux Arts-style building designed by George Kelham in 1917, the new $160.5 million project, designed by Gae Aulenti, introduced an indoor sky-lit court to provide a dramatic central core to the museum. Removing some interior walls, Aulenti created a sense of openness to facilitate visitor movement, the new 185, 000-square-foot museum increased the exhibition space by approximately 75 percent compared to the former Golden Gate Park location. In October 2011, the museum launched a new identity, designed by the branding agency Wolff Olins, the logo is an upside down A, representing the idea of approaching Asian art from a new perspective. In March,2016, the announced that it will build an additional new pavilion to its current San Francisco Civic Center Building. The new pavilion will sit atop an existing, lower-level wing on the museum’s Hyde Street side, the collection has approximately 18,000 works of art and artifacts from all major Asian countries and traditions, some of which are as much as 6,000 years old. Galleries are devoted to the arts of South Asia, Iran and Central Asia, Southeast Asia, there are 2,500 works on display in the permanent collection. A Japanese tea house is displayed on the exhibition floor of the museum. This teahouse was built in Kyoto, disassembled, shipped to San Francisco, the Tea House was designed by architect Osamu Sato as a functioning teahouse, as well as a display case. It is a three and three-quarters mat room, 49-Mile Scenic Drive List of museums with major collections of Asian art Asian Art Museum official website
7.
John Adams (composer)
–
John Coolidge Adams is an American composer of classical music and opera, with strong roots in minimalism. The opera has drawn controversy, including allegations by some that the opera is antisemitic, the works creators and others have disputed these criticisms. John Coolidge Adams was born in Worcester, Massachusetts, in 1947 and he was raised in various New England states, where he was greatly influenced by New Englands musical culture. He graduated from Concord High School in Concord, New Hampshire, Adams began composing at the age of ten and first heard his music performed around the age of 13 or 14. After he matriculated at Harvard University in 1965 he studied composition under Leon Kirchner, Roger Sessions, Earl Kim and his piece American Standard was recorded and released on Obscure Records in 1975. He taught at the San Francisco Conservatory of Music from 1972 until 1984 and he served as musical producer for a number of series for the Public Broadcasting System including the award-winning series, The Adams Chronicles in 1976 and 1977. Shaker Loops, A modular composition for three violins, one viola, two cellos, and one bass, with a conductor and it is divided into four movements. Harmonium for large orchestra and chorus, The piece starts with quietly insistent repetitions of one note – D –, Harmonielehre, Inspired by a dream of an oil tanker taking flight out of San Francisco Bay and also by Arnold Schoenbergs book, Harmonielehre. This piece is also about harmony of the mind, the Chairman Dances, This is a by-product of Nixon in China, set in the three days of President Nixons visit to Beijing in February 1972. Short Ride in a Fast Machine, This piece is joyfully exuberant and it begins with a marking of half-notes and eighths, the woodblock is fortissimo and the other instruments play forte. Nixon in China, The opera, in three acts, is based on Richard Nixons visit to China on February 21–25,1972, main characters in the opera are, the Nixons, Mao Tse-tung, Chou En-lai, Chiang Ching and Henry Kissinger. It was directed by Peter Sellars and this piece is John Adamss second major composition on a text, after Harmonium for chorus and orchestra. In October 2008, Adams told BBC Radio 3 that he had been blacklisted by the U. S, homeland Security department and immigration services. The Wound-Dresser, John Adamss setting of Walt Whitmans 1865 poem of the same title, the piece is scored for baritone voice, two flutes, two oboes, clarinet, bass clarinet, two bassoons, two horns, trumpet, timpani, synthesizer, and strings. Chamber Symphony, This piece was commissioned by the Gerbode Foundation of San Francisco for the San Francisco Contemporary Chamber Players, I Was Looking at the Ceiling and Then I Saw the Sky, A stage piece with libretto by June Jordan and staging by Peter Sellars. The main characters are seven young Americans from different social and ethnic backgrounds, the story takes place in the aftermath of the earthquake in Los Angeles in 1994. Hallelujah Junction, This piece for two pianos employs variations of a two note rhythm. The intervals between the notes remain the same through much of the piece, on the Transmigration of Souls, This piece commemorates those who lost their lives in the September 11,2001 attacks on the World Trade Center in New York
8.
San Francisco Symphony
–
The San Francisco Symphony, founded in 1911, is an orchestra based in San Francisco, California. Since 1980, the orchestra has performed at the Louise M. Davies Symphony Hall in the Citys Hayes Valley neighborhood, the San Francisco Symphony Youth Orchestra and the San Francisco Symphony Chorus are part of the organization. Its current music director is Michael Tilson Thomas, who has held the position since September 1995, among various awards and honors for the orchestra are an Emmy Award and 15 Grammy Awards in the past 25 years. The orchestras first concerts were led by conductor composer Henry Hadley, there were sixty musicians in the Orchestra at the beginning of their first season. The first concert included music by Wagner, Tchaikovsky, Haydn, there were thirteen concerts in the 1911–1912 season, five of which were popular music. Hertz helped to refine the orchestra and arranged for the Victor Talking Machine Company to record it at their new studio in Oakland in early 1925. Hertz also led the orchestra during a number of broadcasts, including on the The Standard Hour. The series began in 1926 when the orchestra faced bankruptcy, Standard Oil of California paid the orchestras debts, the first broadcast aired on the NBC Pacific Network, on October 24,1926. and the broadcasts continued for more than 30 years. After Hertzs retirement in 1930, the orchestra was led by two conductors, Basil Cameron and Issay Dobrowen, the French maestro Pierre Monteux, who had conducted the world premiere of Igor Stravinskys The Rite of Spring, was hired to restore the orchestra. Monteux succeeded to the point where NBC began broadcasting some of its concerts, in 1949, Monteux invited Arthur Fiedler to lead summer pops concerts in the Civic Auditorium. Fiedler also conducted the orchestra at concerts in Sigmund Stern Grove in San Francisco. Fiedlers relationship with the orchestra continued until the mid-1970s, stokowski made a series of RCA Victor recordings with the orchestra in 1952 and 1953. In 1954 the board hired the young Spanish maestro Enrique Jordá as music director, surviving eyewitness and newspaper accounts describe him as having youthful enthusiasm, energy, and charm. Jordá sometimes conducted so vigorously that his baton flew from his hand, szells comments, along with growing dissatisfaction among musicians and the public, led the symphony board to dismiss Jordá. In the fall of 1963, the Austrian conductor Josef Krips became music director and he quickly became known as a benevolent autocrat, and would not tolerate sloppy playing. He soon began to refine the performance of the musicians, particularly of the standard German-Austrian repertoire. One of his innovations was a tradition on New Years Eve, A Night in Old Vienna. Similar concerts continued into the 2000s, though the format has changed in recent years, Krips would not make recordings with the orchestra, insisting they werent ready
9.
Lady Bianca
–
Lady Bianca is an American electric blues singer, songwriter and arranger. She has worked as a singer, depicted Billie Holiday on stage. She is currently based in Oakland, California and she was born Bianca Thornton, in Kansas City, Missouri, United States. She was the eldest child, with two sisters and one brother and her first exposure to music was through gospel, and she studied at the San Francisco Conservatory of Music. Her first professional gig was with Quinn Harris and the Masterminds, Harris dubbed her Lady Bianca, and the combination contributed two tracks to a compilation album released by Reynolds Records in 1970. In 1972, she played the role of Billie Holiday in the San Franciscan stage production of Jon Hendricks Evolution of the Blues, in the mid 1970s, she worked in various clubs in the San Francisco Bay Area, where she met the bass guitarist Henry Oden. They were subsequently married for 15 years and she then joined Sly and the Family Stone as backing vocalist and keyboard player, and appeared on their 1976 album, Heard Ya Missed Me, Well Im Back. After November 11, she left the band because of conflicts with Zappa, when not touring, she performed locally in the recording studio, backing musicians such as Lee Oskar, Merle Haggard and Taj Mahal. In 1977, she co-founded the short-lived ensemble Vitamin E, Lady Bianca then joined another group, Zingara, which was set up by Lamont Dozier in 1980. The trio included James Ingram, Wali Ali and Lady Bianca, Lady Bianca also worked with John Lee Hooker and Willie Dixon. In 1984, she met Stanley Lippitt, a songwriter and her eventual husband and she continued to perform locally and undertook more low-key recording work. After recording demos with Lippitt, she was noticed by Joe Louis Walker who helped arrange a recording contract and her debut solo album, Best Kept Secret was released in 1995 on Telarc Distribution. Her backing work continued in the 1990s, when she worked with Frankie Lee, Lady Biancas next solo effort was the critically acclaimed Rollin, which was released on the Rooster Blues label. In 2002, she was given the Keys to the City in Oakland and she formed her own record label Magic-O Records, and with Lippitt have their own production and publishing company. Further albums were recorded and issued on Magic-O and these included All by Myself, Let Love Have Its Way, Through a Womans Eyes, and A Woman Never Forgets. In April 2007, at the Bay Area Black Music Awards, in March 2008, she was voted in to the West Coast Blues Hall of Fame. In 2009, she appeared with Van Morrison at the Royal Albert Hall in London, Lady Bianca and the Magic-O Rhythm Band have appeared at many blues music festivals, including the San Francisco Blues Festival in 1987, and the Sarasota Blues Fest in 1996. Three of her albums have been nominated for a Grammy Award – Best Kept Secret, Rollin and she is currently working on her projected seventh release
10.
Luciano Chessa
–
Luciano Chessa is a composer, performer, and musicologist. As a composer, conductor, pianist, and musical saw / Vietnamese dan bau soloist, Luciano Chessa has been active in Europe, the U. S. Australia, and South America. His Peyrano, which includes recordings produced in the 90s, has been re-released in March 2012 by the Swiss label Skank Bloc Records, Luciano Chessa has been performing futurist sound poetry for well over 10 years. From the year 1999 to 2004, he has been a member of the UC Davis Gospel Choir, where he served as assistant conductor to Calvin Lymos, as a musicologist, his areas of research competence include twentieth-century, experimental, and late fourteenth-century music. He is author of Luigi Russolo Futurist, Noise, Visual Arts, and the Occult, the first monograph ever to be dedicated to Russolo and his Art of Noise. Chessas prose embodies the sheer pleasure of discovery through research, the frenzied pace of Chessas writing retains a visionary edge throughout, and the book itself could be seen as an example of synthesis and dynamism. The most comprehensive source of Russolo available in English, the Orchestra of Futurist Noise Intoners is currently touring internationally. The performance included Joan La Barbaras Striations and the premiere of Lee Ranaldo’s It All Begins Now, both pieces featured their respective composers performing alongside Chessa and the New World Symphony. In May 2013 at the Experimentation Center of the Teatro Colón in Buenos Aires he presented a series of events to celebrate the Centennial of Russolo’s Art of Noises. A double LP dedicated to the Orchestra of Futurist Noise Intoners, in December 2013 Chessa conducted the Orchestra of Futurist Noise Intoners to a sold-out crowd at the RedCat in Los Angeles. In June 2014 Chessa performed three concerts with Futurist Sound Poetry at the Solomon R, Luciano Chessa has been interviewed by the CBS television channel as an expert on Italian 1990s hip-hop and by the BBC as Luigi Russolo’s foremost scholar. His music is published by RAI TRADE, the Italian National Broadcast Channels’ music publishing company and he holds a D. M. A. in Piano performance and a M. A. in Composition from the G. B. He taught and lectured at institutions including St
11.
Eugene Izotov
–
Eugene Izotov is a Russian-born oboist and recording artist. He is currently the Principal Oboist of the San Francisco Symphony appointed by Michael Tilson Thomas in 2014, first Russian-born oboist in any major U. S. symphony orchestra. Faculty member of the San Francisco Conservatory of Music, Music Academy of the West, Verbier Festival and he studied with American oboist Ralph Gomberg at Boston University, from which he received the Distinguished Alumnus Award
12.
Jennifer Culp
–
The Kronos Quartet is an American string quartet based in San Francisco. They have been in existence with a membership of musicians for over forty years. The quartet specializes in classical music, with more than 750 works having been written for them. The quartet was founded by violinist David Harrington in Seattle, Washington and its first performance was in November 1973. Since 1978, the quartet has been based in San Francisco, the longest-running combination of performers had Harrington and John Sherba on violin, Hank Dutt on viola, and Joan Jeanrenaud on cello. In 1999, Joan Jeanrenaud left Kronos because she was eager for something new, she was replaced by Jennifer Culp who, in turn, in June 2013, Zeigler was replaced by Sunny Yang.5 million records. When Kronos turned 30, in 2003, they decided on a process for composers under the age of 30. The program, called the Under 30 Project, is now run in cooperation with Carnegie Hall, Cal Performances at the University of California, Berkeley, and the Montalvo Arts Center. The first recipient was Alexandra du Bois, followed by Felipe Perez Santiago and they celebrated their 40th anniversary with a sold-out performance at Zellerbach Hall, UC Berkeley, in December 2013. Kronos specializes in new classical music and has a long history of commissioning new works. Over 750 works have created for the Kronos Quartet. Some of Kronos string-quartet arrangements were published in 2007, Kronos covers a very broad range of musical genres, Mexican folk, experimental, pre-classical early music, movie soundtracks, jazz and tango. On the 1998 Dave Matthews Band album Before These Crowded Streets, Kronos Quartet performed on the tracks Halloween and they also appeared on the 2007 Nine Inch Nails remix album, Year Zero Remixed doing a rendition of the track Another Version of the Truth. They also performed Lee Brooks score for the short film 2081, in 2009, the quartet contributed an acoustic version of Blind Willie Johnsons Dark Was the Night for the AIDS benefit album Dark Was the Night produced by the Red Hot Organization. For almost 40 years, the Kronos Quartet has been revolutionizing the potential of the string quartet genre when it comes to style and content. - Written by Elliot Goldenthal featuring Kronos Quartet 1995 - Musical Outsiders, An American Legacy - Harry Partch, Lou Harrison,2000 - Requiem for a Dream Soundtrack by Clint Mansell featuring Kronos Quartet. 2000 - The Man Who Cried,2006 - The Fountain Soundtrack by Clint Mansell featuring Kronos Quartet and Mogwai. Kronos Quartet Official website Kronos Quartet at AllMusic David Harrington of Kronos talks to Karishmeh for OFFBEAT, feature Special on Kronos Quartet Interview with founding Kronos member David Harrington
13.
George Duke
–
George Duke was an American musician, known as a keyboard pioneer, composer, singer and producer in both jazz and popular mainstream musical genres. He worked with artists as arranger, music director, writer and co-writer, record producer. He first made a name for himself with the album The Jean-Luc Ponty Experience with the George Duke Trio. He was known primarily for thirty-odd solo albums, of which A Brazilian Love Affair from 1980 was his most popular, as well as for his collaborations with other musicians, George Duke was born in San Rafael, California. He was raised in Marin City and it was at the young age of 4 that Duke first became interested in the piano. His mother took him to see Duke Ellington in concert and subsequently told him about this experience, I dont remember it too well, says George, but my mother told me I went crazy. I ran around saying Get me a piano, get me a piano and he began his formal piano studies at the age of 7, at his local Baptist church. It was those early years that influenced his approach and feel. Duke attended Tamalpais High School in Mill Valley before earning a degree in trombone and composition with a minor in contrabass. Playing initially with friends from garages to local clubs, Duke quickly eased his way into session work and he later earned his masters degree in composition from San Francisco State University. Although he started out playing music he credited that his cousin Charles Burrell for convincing him to switch to jazz. Duke explained that he wanted to be free and Burrell more or less made the decision for me by convincing him to improvise, later he taught a course on Jazz And American Culture at Merritt College in Oakland. Duke appeared on a number of Frank Zappas albums through the 1970s, Frank Zappa played guitar solos on Dukes 1974 album, Feel - the instrumental Old Slippers, and Love - credited as Obdewll X, possibly due to contractual reasons. Duke covered two Zappa-composed songs on his 1975 album, The Aura Will Prevail, - Uncle Remus, Duke served as a record producer and composer on two instrumental tracks on Miles Davis albums, Backyard Ritual and Cobra. He has also worked with a number of Brazilian musicians, including singer Milton Nascimento, percussionist Airto Moreira, lynn Davis and Sheila E appeared on Dukes late-1970s solo albums Dont Let Go and Master of the Game. Duke was prominent in the R&B genre, releasing funk-based songs like Reach for It, in 1979 he traveled to Rio de Janeiro, where he recorded the album A Brazilian Love Affair, on which he employed singers Flora Purim and Milton Nascimento and percussionist Airto Moreira. The album contained music in an assortment of genres, including some Latin jazz. From a jazz standpoint, the albums most noteworthy songs include Nascimentos Cravo e Canela, Love Reborn, the track Brazilian Sugar was featured on the 2006 video game Dead or Alive Xtreme 2
14.
Julian Lage
–
Julian Lage is an American jazz guitarist and composer. In addition to leading his own group, Lage is a member of Gary Burtons New Quartet and he also has a duo project with Chris Eldridge. A child prodigy, Lage was the subject of the 1997 documentary Jules at Eight, at age 13 Lage performed at the 2000 Grammy Awards. He has been a faculty member at the Stanford Jazz Workshop at Stanford University since age 15. Classically trained at the San Francisco Conservatory of Music, Lage has studied at Sonoma State University, Ali Akbar College of Music, on March 24,2009 Lage released his debut album Sounding Point on EmArcy Records, to favorable reviews. It was nominated for the 2010 Grammy Award Best Contemporary Jazz Album, lages second album, titled Gladwell was released April 26,2011, to positive reviews. A former resident of Boston, Lage moved to New York City in October 2010, Lage primarily plays a Linda Manzer Blue Note Archtop, which he has owned since he was 11
15.
Yehudi Menuhin
–
Yehudi Menuhin, Baron Menuhin, OM KBE was an American-born violinist and conductor who spent most of his performing career in Britain. He is widely considered one of the greatest violinists of the 20th century, Yehudi Menuhin was born in New York City to a family of Belorussian Jews. Through his father Moshe, a rabbinical student and anti-Zionist. In late 1919 Moshe and his wife Marutha became American citizens, yehudis sisters were concert pianist and human rights activist Hephzibah, and pianist, painter and poet Yaltah. Menuhins first violin instruction was at age four by Sigmund Anker, his parents had wanted Louis Persinger to teach him, Menuhin displayed exceptional talent at an early age. His first public appearance, when only seven, was as solo violinist with the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra in 1923, Persinger then agreed to teach him, and accompanied him on the piano for his first few solo recordings in 1928–29. When the Menuhins went to Paris, Persinger suggested Yehudi go to his old teacher, Belgian virtuoso and he did have one lesson with Ysaÿe, but disliked his teaching method and his advanced age. Instead, he went to the Romanian composer and violinist George Enescu, under whose tutelage he made recordings with several piano accompanists and he was also a student of Adolf Busch. In 1929 he played in Berlin, under Bruno Walters baton, according to Henry A. Murray, Menuhin wrote, Actually, I was gazing in my usual state of being half absent in my own world and half in the present. I have usually been able to retire in this way, I was also thinking that my life was tied up with the instrument and would I do it justice. His first concerto recording was made in 1931, Bruchs G minor, under Sir Landon Ronald in London, between 1934 and 1936, he made the first integral recording of Johann Sebastian Bachs sonatas and partitas for solo violin, although his Sonata No. 2, in A minor, was not released until all six were transferred to CD and he and Louis Kentner gave the first performance of William Waltons Violin Sonata, in Zürich on 30 September 1949. He continued performing, and conducting, to an advanced age, Menuhin credited German philosopher Constantin Brunner with providing him with a theoretical framework within which I could fit the events and experiences of life. Menuhin made Lysy his only student, and the two toured extensively throughout the concert halls of Europe. The young protégé later established the International Menuhin Music Academy in Gstaad, Menuhin made several recordings with the German conductor Wilhelm Furtwängler, who had been criticized for conducting in Germany during the Nazi era. Menuhin defended Furtwängler, noting that the conductor had helped a number of Jewish musicians to flee Nazi Germany, in 1957, he founded the Menuhin Festival Gstaad in Gstaad, Switzerland. In 1962, he established the Yehudi Menuhin School in Stoke dAbernon and he also established the music program at The Nueva School in Hillsborough, California, sometime around then. In 1965 he received a knighthood from the British monarchy
16.
Isaac Stern
–
Isaac Stern was a Ukrainian-born American violinist and conductor. The son of Solomon and Clara Stern, Isaac Stern was born into a Volhynian-Jewish family in Kremenets and he was 14 months old when his family moved to San Francisco in 1921. He received his first music lessons from his mother, in 1928, he enrolled at the San Francisco Conservatory of Music, where he studied until 1931 before going on to study privately with Louis Persinger. He returned to the San Francisco Conservatory to study for five years with Naoum Blinder, at his public début on 18 February 1936, aged 15, he played Saint-Saëns Violin Concerto No.3 in B minor with the San Francisco Symphony under the direction of Pierre Monteux. Stern toured the Soviet Union in 1951, the first American violinist to do so, in 1967, Stern stated his refusal to return to the USSR until the Soviet regime allowed artists to enter and leave the country freely. His only visit to Germany was in 1999, for a series of master classes and his first marriage, in 1948 to ballerina Nora Kaye, ended in divorce after 18 months, but the two of them subsequently remained friends. On 17 August 1951, he married Vera Lindenblit and they had three children together, including conductors Michael and David Stern. Their marriage ended in divorce in 1994 after 43 years, in 1996, Stern married his third wife, Linda Reynolds. His third wife, his three children, and his five grandchildren survived him, in 1940, Stern began performing with Russian-born pianist Alexander Zakin, collaborating until 1977. Within musical circles, Stern became renowned both for his recordings and for championing certain younger players, among his discoveries were cellists Yo-Yo Ma and Jian Wang, and violinists Itzhak Perlman and Pinchas Zukerman. In the 1960s, he played a major role in saving New York Citys Carnegie Hall from demolition. Following the purchase of Carnegie Hall by New York City, the Carnegie Hall Corporation was formed, and Stern was chosen as its first president, Carnegie Hall later named its main auditorium in his honor. The Dutilleux concerto, entitled Larbre des songes was a 1985 commission by Stern himself and he also dubbed actors violin-playing in several films, such as Fiddler on the Roof. Stern served as advisor for the 1946 film, Humoresque, about a rising violin star and his patron, played respectively by John Garfield. He was also the violin soloist on the soundtrack for the 1971 film of Fiddler on the Roof. In 1999, he appeared in the film Music of the Heart, along with Itzhak Perlman and several other famed violinists, with a youth orchestra led by Meryl Streep. In his autobiography, co-authored with Chaim Potok, My First 79 Years, Stern cited Nathan Milstein and Arthur Grumiaux as major influences on his style of playing. He won Grammys for his work with Eugene Istomin and Leonard Rose in their famous chamber music trio in the 1960s and 70s, while there, he collaborated with the China Central Symphony Society under the direction of conductor Li Delun
17.
Peter Magadini
–
Peter Charles “Pete” Magadini is an American Jazz drummer, percussionist, educator and author of books on drumming and drum technique. He is known for his body of work concerning the comprehension and execution of musical polyrhythms, Magadini has recorded and performed with Diana Ross, Bobbie Gentry, George Duke, Al Jarreau, Don Menza, John Handy and Mose Allison. Magadini was born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts to Charles and Ruth Magadini, at the age of 6 the family moved to Palm Springs, California where he played in the elementary school band. Magadinis professional career began recording singles for Lee Hazlewood and Lester Sill while attending school in Phoenix. In Phoenix he studied with Donald Bothwell and was influenced by the playing of Max Roach. In 1960 Magadini studied drum set with Roy Burns at the Henry Adler Drum School in New York City and he then enrolled at the San Francisco Conservatory of Music where he studied timpani with New York Philharmonic timpanist Roland Kohloff, graduating with a Bachelor of Music degree in 1965. During his time in San Francisco he formed a trio with keyboardist George Duke, also a student at the Conservatory, in 1968, while teaching at his alma mater, Magadini was awarded a fellowship to perform with The Berkshire Music Festival Orchestra at Tanglewood. The next year he moved to Los Angeles where he taught drums at the Hollywood Professional Drum Shop, Magadini toured with Bobbie Gentry through 1969 before joining Diana Ross first band as a solo artist. After touring with Ross from 1970 -1971 he attended the University of Toronto, in 1976 he produced Polyrhthym, for the IBis label, featuring himself, George Duke, Don Menza and Dave Young. His second album, Bones Blues, with Dave Young, Don Menza and Wray Downs, Magadini has also performed extensively with and produced recordings for blues-jazz vocalist Mose Allison. From 1988 to 1997 he taught at McGill and Concordia Universities in Montreal and at the Brubeck Institute and he also maintains a private teaching practice in the California Bay Area. Magadini is widely known for his interest and expertise in polyrhythms as applied in western music, in 2012 he published The Official 26 Polyrhythm Rudiments. Teachers, Don Bothwell, 1959-1961, Phoenix, AZ Roy Burns,1961, New York City, NY Roland Kohloff, 1962-1965, San Francisco Conservatory of Music, San Francisco, Ca. Mahapurush Misra,1966, Ali Akbar Khan School, Berkeley, Ca.1976 - Polyrhythm 1977 - Bones Blues 1993 -1965 Then
18.
Geographic coordinate system
–
A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
19.
City College of San Francisco
–
City College of San Francisco, or CCSF, is a two-year community college in San Francisco, California. The Ocean Avenue campus, bordering the Sunnyside, Westwood Park, the College has locations across the District. City College of San Francisco first opened on September 4,1935 as San Francisco Junior College and it was nicknamed Trolley Car College in the early days since students were forced to travel extensively to get between campuses. As the enrollment grew over time, so did the CCSF campus, in February 1948, the name was changed to City College of San Francisco. It now consists of eleven campuses, the Ocean Campus being the primary one, since its founding in 1935, City College has evolved into a multicultural, multi-campus community college that is one of the largest in the country. CCSF offers courses in more than 50 academic programs and over 100 occupational disciplines, in 2012, the college began experiencing significant public turmoil. In July of 2013, the ACCJC elected to take action to terminate the colleges accreditation, subject to a one-year review, the decision was based on a variety of deficiencies in standards. A Fiscal Crisis & Management Assistance Team report was expected to be released by the end of July 2013, the 2013 decision to revoke accreditation in 2014 was put on hold pending the legal challenges. Two years later, ACCJC reaffirmed the colleges accreditation for seven years, the Student Activities Office provides resources, support and leadership training for eight Associated Students Councils and more than 80 clubs and student organizations. It sponsors a variety of concerts and lectures throughout the year. Students can also avail themselves of the Fitness Center, enjoy nationally ranked intercollegiate sports, the College also features a student-run newspaper, The Guardsman, an award-winning magazine, ETC as well as television and radio stations. Performances given by students in music, dance, and theatre Arts further enhance campus life, currently, there is a Queer Alliance student group and a Queer Resource Center on campus. The Queer Resource Center is an academic and informational resource center for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, gender queer, intersex, questioning, the Queer Resource Center aims to empower and celebrate its demographic as well as its community. The center has participated in anti-violence, anti-homophobia, and anti-transphobia rallies, on campus, there are numerous student activity groups, gender-specific courses, and health services. CCSF is part of the San Francisco Community College District which is independent and co-extensive with the City and County of San Francisco, the districts Board of Trustees is elected by San Francisco residents. District funds are allocated from the legislature, local property taxes, student tuition and fees, lottery funds, sales tax funds. On July 3,2013, the Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges voted to revoke CCSFs accreditation, ACCJC has made recommendations to the college several times about major problems. In July 2012, ACCJC gave the eight months to prove it should remain accredited and ordered it to make preparations for closure
20.
Golden Gate University
–
Golden Gate University is a private, nonprofit, nonsectarian, coeducational university located in the Financial District of downtown San Francisco, California. Founded in 1901, GGU specializes in educating professionals through its schools of law, business, taxation, the university offers two undergraduate degrees with eight concentrations and 15 graduate degrees with 24 concentrations. On November 1,1881 at the YMCA building at 232 Sutter Street, which the organization had occupied since 1868, classes were offered in bookkeeping, mathematics, stenography, elocution, Spanish and gymnastics. Successful completion of these led to a certificate that was recognized by more than 100 colleges. Other offerings of the association would include a school for boys. In April 1894 the YMCA moved to a new building at the northeast corner of Mason. The night school was renamed the Evening College on October 1,1896, the law school was the first of the Ys educational departments to offer a full degree-level course, and thus the university traces its founding to the law schools establishment. Courses in Accountancy and Business Administration leading to the degree of Bachelor of Commercial Science began in 1908, later, courses in foreign trade were added. The YMCA building was destroyed in the fire followed the 1906 earthquake. Following the earthquake, the school was conducted out of tents, in November 1910 the school moved into the YMCAs new building at 220 Golden Gate Avenue at Leavenworth Street, in the Tenderloin neighborhood. A student contest resulted in the adoption of the new name Golden Gate, originally suggested by law student Charles H. Pool, Jr. because contest judges thought it symbolized romantic California. The institution was incorporated from the Central YMCA on May 18,1923. The college became independent of the YMCA in 1962, however. The college had purchased the building at auction in April 1964, in 1972, the college expanded and elevated itself to university status. In 1979, a new west wing of the university was completed, arthur A. Macurda 1898 -1914 | Archie R. Mack 1914 -1930 | Nagel T. Miner 1931 -1958 | Russell T. Sharpe 1958 -1970 | Otto W. Butz 1970 -1992 | Thomas M. Stauffer 1992 -1999 Philip Friedman 2000 -2007 Dan Angel 2007 –2015 David J. Its four schools, with the year a university degree was first offered in the area, are as follows, School of Law Edward S. Ageno School of Business School of Accounting Bruce F. The School of Law offers the JD, LLM and JSD degrees, while the Ageno School of Business offers the degrees of BA, BS, MS, MBA, PMBA, the Braden School of Taxation offers an MS in Taxation and the School of Accounting offers the MAc
