Sangley
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Sangley and Mestizo de Sangley are archaic terms used in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial era to describe respectively a person of pure overseas Chinese ancestry as well as a person of mixe
A mestiza de sangley, c. 1875
José Rizal, the Philippine National Hero, was a mestizo de sangley but also had other ancestry.
Sangleys as depicted in the Carta Hydrographica y Chorographica de las Yslas Filipinas (1734)
Mestizos Sangley y Chino (Sangley Chinese and/or Chinese Mestizos), c. 1841 Tipos del País, watercolor by Justiniano Asuncion
Philippine Hokkien
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Philippine Hokkien is a dialect of the Hokkien language of the Southern Min branch of Min Chinese descended directly from Old Chinese of the Sinitic family, primarily spoken vernacularly by Chinese Fi
Ongpin St., Binondo, Manila (1949)
扶西德孫墓 (Hokkien POJ: Hû-se Tek-sun Bō͘, lit. "Jose Tecson's Grave"; 仙礁 (POJ: Sian-ta) 高律 (POJ: Ko-lu̍t), lit. "Santa Cruz" d. 1728 AD), located in San Andres Apostol Church of Candaba, Pampanga (as of 2010)
The contractions, 卅 (sam/sap) and 廾 (lia̍p), used on a grave tablet in the Manila Chinese Cemetery.