1.
San Jose, California
–
San Jose, officially the City of San José, is the economic, cultural, and political center of Silicon Valley and the largest city in Northern California. With an estimated 2015 population of 1,026,908, it is the third most populous city in California and the tenth most populous in United States. Located in the center of the Santa Clara Valley, on the shore of San Francisco Bay. San Jose is the county seat of Santa Clara County, the most affluent county in California. San Jose is the largest city in both the San Francisco Bay Area and the San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland Combined Statistical Area, which contain 7.7 million and 8.7 million people respectively. Before the arrival of the Spanish, the area around San Jose was inhabited by the Ohlone people, San Jose was founded on November 29,1777, as the Pueblo of San José de Guadalupe, the first civilian town founded in Spanish Alta California. When California gained statehood in 1850, San Jose became the states first capital, following World War II, San Jose experienced an economic boom, with a rapid population growth and aggressive annexation of nearby cities and communities carried out in the 1950s and 60s. The rapid growth of the high-technology and electronics industries further accelerated the transition from a center to an urbanized metropolitan area. Results of the 1990 U. S. Census indicated that San Jose had officially surpassed San Francisco as the most populous city in Northern California, by the 1990s, San Jose and the rest of Silicon Valley had become the global center for the high tech and internet industries. San Jose is considered to be a city, notable for its affluence. San Joses location within the high tech industry, as a cultural, political. San Jose is one of the wealthiest major cities in the United States and the world, and has the third highest GDP per capita in the world, according to the Brookings Institute. Major global tech companies including Cisco Systems, eBay, Adobe Systems, PayPal, Brocade, Samsung, Acer, Prior to European settlement, the area was inhabited by several groups of Ohlone Native Americans. The first lasting European presence began with a series of Franciscan missions established from 1769 by Junípero Serra, San Jose came under Mexican rule in 1821 after Mexico broke with the Spanish crown. It then became part of the United States, after it capitulated in 1846, on March 27,1850, San Jose became the second incorporated city in the state, with Josiah Belden its first mayor. San Jose was Californias first state capital, and hosted the first, today the Circle of Palms Plaza in downtown is the historical marker for the first state capital. The city was a station on the Butterfield Overland Mail route, in the period 1900 through 1910, San Jose served as a center for pioneering invention, innovation, and impact in both lighter-than-air and heavier-than-air flight. These activities were led principally by John Montgomery and his peers, the City of San Jose has established Montgomery Park, a Monument at San Felipe and Yerba Buena Roads, and John J. Montgomery Elementary School in his honor
San Jose, California
–
Images, from top down, left to right:
Downtown San Jose,
Hotel De Anza, East San Jose suburbs,
Lick Observatory,
Plaza de César Chávez
San Jose, California
–
South First Street in the 1940s
San Jose, California
–
Overhead panorama of
downtown San Jose.
San Jose, California
–
Looking west over northern San Jose (downtown is at far left) and other parts of Silicon Valley. See an up-to-the-minute view of San Jose from the Mount Hamilton web camera
2.
Bus
–
A bus is a road vehicle designed to carry many passengers. Buses can have a capacity as high as 300 passengers, many types of buses, such as city transit buses and inter-city coaches, charge a fare. Other types, such as elementary or secondary school buses or shuttle buses within a post-secondary education campus do not charge a fare, in many jurisdictions, bus drivers require a special licence above and beyond a regular drivers licence. Horse-drawn buses were used from the 1820s, followed by steam buses in the 1830s, the first internal combustion engine buses, or motor buses, were used in 1895. Recently, interest has been growing in hybrid electric buses, fuel cell buses, as of the 2010s, bus manufacturing is increasingly globalised, with the same designs appearing around the world. Bus is a form of the Latin word omnibus. The first horse-drawn omnibus service was started by a businessman named Stanislas Baudry in the French city of Nantes in 1823, Nantes citizens soon gave the nickname omnibus to the vehicle. The omnibus in Nantes was a success and Baudry moved to Paris, a similar service was introduced in London in 1829. The first mechanically propelled omnibus appeared on the streets of London on 22 April 1833, in parallel to the development of the bus was the invention of the electric trolleybus, typically fed through trolley poles by overhead wires. The Siemens brothers, William in England and Ernst Werner in Germany, sir William first proposed the idea in an article to the Journal of the Society of Arts in 1881 as an. arrangement by which an ordinary omnibus. The first such vehicle, the Electromote, was made by his brother Dr. Ernst Werner von Siemens and presented to the public in 1882 in Halensee, Germany. Although this experimental vehicle fulfilled all the criteria of a typical trolleybus. Max Schiemann opened a trolleybus in 1901 near Dresden, in Germany. Although this system operated only until 1904, Schiemann had developed what is now the standard trolleybus current collection system, in the early days, a few other methods of current collection were used. Leeds and Bradford became the first cities to put trolleybuses into service in Great Britain on 20 June 1911, in Siegerland, Germany, two passenger bus lines ran briefly, but unprofitably, in 1895 using a six-passenger motor carriage developed from the 1893 Benz Viktoria. Another commercial bus line using the same model Benz omnibuses ran for a time in 1898 in the rural area around Llandudno. Daimler also produced one of the earliest motor-bus models in 1898, the vehicle had a maximum speed of 18 kph and accommodated up to 20 passengers, in an enclosed area below and on an open-air platform above. With the success and popularity of bus, Daimler expanded production, selling more buses to companies in London and, in 1899, to Stockholm
Bus
–
An
Alexander Dennis Enviro400 double-decker bus, operating for
Arriva on
London Buses route 102
Bus
–
Volvo B10M articulated bus in
Chiba, Japan
Bus
–
A SWB6128V8LF bus in
Shanghai, China
Bus
–
A
Scania OmniCity bus belonging to
SL here seen on line 55 in
Stockholm,
Sweden
3.
Light rail
–
Light rail, light rail transit or fast tram is urban public transport using rolling stock similar to a tramway, but operating at a higher capacity, and often on an exclusive right-of-way. A few light rail networks tend to have closer to rapid transit or even commuter rail. Other light rail networks are tram-like in nature and partially operate on streets, Light rail systems are found throughout the world, on all inhabited continents. They have been popular in recent years due to their lower capital costs. The term light rail was coined in 1972 by the U. S, Urban Mass Transportation Administration to describe new streetcar transformations that were taking place in Europe and the United States. In Germany the term Stadtbahn was used to describe the concept, and many in UMTA wanted to adopt the direct translation, however, UMTA finally adopted the term light rail instead. Light in this context is used in the sense of intended for light loads and fast movement, the infrastructure investment is also usually lighter than would be found for a heavy rail system. The Transportation Research Board defined light rail in 1977 as a mode of urban transportation utilizing predominantly reserved, electrically propelled rail vehicles operate singly or in trains. LRT provides a range of passenger capabilities and performance characteristics at moderate costs. Light rail is a generic international English phrase for these types of rail systems, the use of the generic term light rail avoids some serious incompatibilities between British and American English. The word trolley is used as a synonym for streetcar in the United States. A further difference arose because, while Britain abandoned all of its trams except Blackpool after World War II, when these cities upgraded to new technology, they called it light rail to differentiate it from their existing streetcars since some continued to operate both the old and new systems. Conventional rail technologies including high-speed, freight, commuter/regional, and metro/subway/elevated urban transit systems are considered heavy rail, people movers and personal rapid transit are even lighter, at least in terms of capacity. Monorail is a technology that has been more successful in specialized services than in a commuter transit role. Due to varying definitions, it is hard to distinguish between what is called light rail, and other forms of urban and commuter rail, a system described as light rail in one city may be considered to be a streetcar or tram system in another. Conversely, some lines that are called light rail are in very similar to rapid transit, in recent years. Some light rail systems, such as Sprinter, bear little similarity to urban rail, in the United States, light rail has become a catch-all term to describe a wide variety of passenger rail systems. There is a significant difference in cost between these different classes of light rail transit, tram-like systems are often less expensive than metro-like systems by a factor of two or more
Light rail
–
Los Angeles 's mass transit expansion has been driven in large part by light rail
Light rail
–
Utah Transit Authority 's
TRAX Is one of the fastest growing light rail systems in America
Light rail
–
Edmonton Light Rail Transit in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, was the first modern LRT line in North America
Light rail
–
The
METRO Blue Line light rail in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
4.
Transportation planning
–
Transportation planning is the process of defining future policies, goals, investments and designs to prepare for future needs to move people and goods to destinations. As practiced today, it is a process that incorporates the input of many stakeholders including various government agencies. Transportation planners apply a multi-modal and/or comprehensive approach to analyzing the wide range of alternatives, Transportation planning is also commonly referred to as transport planning internationally, and is involved with the evaluation, assessment, design and siting of transport facilities. Other models for planning include rational actor, transit oriented development, satisficing, incremental planning, organizational process, collaborative planning, planners are increasingly expected to adopt a multi-disciplinary approach, especially due to the rising importance of environmentalism. For example, the use of psychology to persuade drivers to abandon their automobiles. The role of the planner is shifting from technical analysis to promoting sustainability through integrated transport policies. For example, in Hanoi the increasing number of motorcycles is responsible not only for environmental damage, in the long run the plan is to reduce traffic through a change in urban planning. Through economic incentives and attractive alternatives experts hope to lighten traffic in the short run, in the United Kingdom transport planning has traditionally been a branch of civil engineering. In the 1950s and 1960s it was believed that the motor car was an important element in the future of transport as economic growth spurred on car ownership figures. The role of the transport planner was to match motorway and rural road capacity against the demands of economic growth, Urban areas would need to be redesigned for the motor vehicle or else impose traffic containment and demand management to mitigate congestion and environmental impacts. These policies were popularised in a 1963 government publication, Traffic in Towns, the contemporary Smeed Report on congestion pricing was initially promoted to manage demand but was deemed politically unacceptable. In more recent times this approach has been caricatured as predict and provide – to predict future transport demand and provide the network for it and this attempt to reverse decades of underinvestment in the transport system has resulted in a severe shortage of transport planners. It was estimated in 2003 that 2,000 new planners would be required by 2010 to avoid jeopardising the success of the Transport Ten Year Plan, the UK Treasury recognises and has published guidance on the systematic tendency for project appraisers to be overly optimistic in their initial estimates. More so, it places an emphasis on passenger rail networks. CSS principles have since adopted as guidelines for highway design in federal legislation. In recent years, there has been a movement to complete transportation corridors under the complete streets movement. In response to design of transportation networks, complete streets encompass all users. The complete streets movement entails many of the CSS principles as well as pedestrian, bicycle, in response an advanced form of certification - the Advanced Specialty Certification in Transportation Planning was developed by the American Planning Association thereafter in 2011
Transportation planning
–
1948 San Francisco roadway plan
Transportation planning
–
Chicago Transit Authority Chicago 'L' trains use elevated tracks for a portion of the system known as the
Loop, which is located in the
Chicago Loop community area. This is an example of the siting of transportation facilities resulting from transportation planning.
Transportation planning
–
A bypass the Old Town in
Szczecin, Poland
Transportation planning
–
A
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) map of the planned route of a parkway. During the 1930s, the CCC was actively involved in creating and improving roads throughout rural areas and parks
5.
Santa Clara County, California
–
Santa Clara County, California, officially the County of Santa Clara, is a county in the U. S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,781,642, the county seat is San Jose, the tenth-most populous city in the United States. Santa Clara County is part of the San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, located at the southern end of the San Francisco Bay, the highly urbanized Santa Clara Valley within Santa Clara County is also known as Silicon Valley. Santa Clara is the most populous county in the San Francisco Bay Area region, Santa Clara County is named after Mission Santa Clara, which was established in 1777, and is also named for Saint Clare of Assisi. Santa Clara County was one of the counties of California. The original inhabitants included the Ohlone, residing on Coyote Creek, part of the countys territory was given to Alameda County in 1853. In 1882, Santa Clara County tried to levy taxes upon property of the Southern Pacific Railroad within county boundaries. The result was the U. S. Supreme Court case of Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad,118 U. S.394, in which the Court extended Due Process rights to artificial legal entities. In the early 20th Century, the area was promoted as the Valley of the Hearts Delight due to its natural beauty, the first major technology company to be based in the area was Hewlett-Packard, founded in a garage in Palo Alto in 1939. IBM selected San Jose as its West Coast headquarters in 1943, varian Associates, Fairchild Semiconductor, and other early innovators were located in the county by the late 1940s and 1950s. The U. S. Navy had a presence in the area. The term Silicon Valley was coined in 1971, the trend accelerated in the 1980s and 1990s, and agriculture has since then been nearly eliminated from the northern part of the county. And Hewlett-Packard, and internet companies eBay, Facebook, Google, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,304 square miles, of which 1,290 square miles is land and 14 square miles is water. The San Andreas Fault runs along the Santa Cruz Mountains in the south, as of 2012, an estimated 400 tule elk roam 1,875 square kilometres in northeastern Santa Clara County and southeastern Alameda County. The vast majority of these Superfund sites were caused by associated with the high tech sector located in Silicon Valley. As of 2013, Santa Clara County has the highest median income of any county in California at $84,741. The 2010 United States Census reported that Santa Clara County had a population of 1,781,642. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 479,210 persons,22. 5% Mexican,0. 4% Puerto Rican,0. 1% Cuban,3. 8% Other Hispanic
Santa Clara County, California
Santa Clara County, California
Santa Clara County, California
Santa Clara County, California
6.
California
–
California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western coast of the U. S, California is bordered by the other U. S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. Los Angeles is Californias most populous city, and the second largest after New York City. The Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nations second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, California also has the nations most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. The Central Valley, an agricultural area, dominates the states center. What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its war for independence. The western portion of Alta California then was organized as the State of California, the California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes, with large-scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom. If it were a country, California would be the 6th largest economy in the world, fifty-eight percent of the states economy is centered on finance, government, real estate services, technology, and professional, scientific and technical business services. Although it accounts for only 1.5 percent of the states economy, the story of Calafia is recorded in a 1510 work The Adventures of Esplandián, written as a sequel to Amadis de Gaula by Spanish adventure writer Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo. The kingdom of Queen Calafia, according to Montalvo, was said to be a land inhabited by griffins and other strange beasts. This conventional wisdom that California was an island, with maps drawn to reflect this belief, shortened forms of the states name include CA, Cal. Calif. and US-CA. Settled by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years, various estimates of the native population range from 100,000 to 300,000. The Indigenous peoples of California included more than 70 distinct groups of Native Americans, ranging from large, settled populations living on the coast to groups in the interior. California groups also were diverse in their organization with bands, tribes, villages. Trade, intermarriage and military alliances fostered many social and economic relationships among the diverse groups, the first European effort to explore the coast as far north as the Russian River was a Spanish sailing expedition, led by Portuguese captain Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, in 1542. Some 37 years later English explorer Francis Drake also explored and claimed a portion of the California coast in 1579. Spanish traders made unintended visits with the Manila galleons on their trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565
California
–
A forest of redwood trees in
Redwood National Park
California
–
Flag
California
–
Mount Shasta
California
–
Aerial view of the
California Central Valley
7.
Caltrain
–
Caltrain is a California commuter rail line on the San Francisco Peninsula and in the Santa Clara Valley. The northern terminus of the line is in San Francisco at 4th, extra trains were often run for special events held in AT&T Park in San Francisco, Stanford Stadium in Palo Alto, and SAP Center in San Jose. Caltrain operates 92 weekday trains,6 of which are extended to Gilroy, weekday ridership in February 2016 averaged 62,416, up 83% since 2010. Caltrain is governed by the Peninsula Corridor Joint Powers Board which consists of agencies from the three counties served by Caltrain, San Francisco, San Mateo and Santa Clara, each member agency has three representatives on a nine-member Board of Directors. The member agencies are the City and County of San Francisco, SamTrans, Caltrain has 29 regular stops, one football-only stop, and two weekend-only stops. As of October 2012 Caltrain runs 92 weekday trains,36 Saturday, the original commuter railroad built in 1863 was the San Francisco and San Jose Rail Road, it was purchased by Southern Pacific in 1870. Southern Pacific double-tracked the line in 1904 and rerouted it via Bayshore, after 1945, ridership declined with the rise in automobile use, in 1977 SP petitioned the state Public Utilities Commission to discontinue the commute operation because of ongoing losses. To preserve the service, in 1980 Caltrans contracted with SP. Caltrans purchased new locomotives and rolling stock, replacing SP equipment in 1985, Caltrans also upgraded stations, added shuttle buses to nearby employers, and dubbed the operation CalTrain. The Peninsula Corridor Joint Powers Board was formed in 1987 to manage the line, subsequently, San Mateo and Santa Clara Counties commissioned Earth Metrics, Inc. to prepare an Environmental Impact Report on right-of-way acquisition and expansion of operations. With state and local funding, the PCJPB bought the right of way between San Francisco and San Jose from SP in 1991. The following year, PCJPB took responsibility for CalTrain operations and selected Amtrak as the contract operator, PCJPB extended the CalTrain service from San Jose to Gilroy, connecting to VTA Light Rail at Tamien Station in San Jose. In July 1995 CalTrain became accessible to passengers in wheelchairs, five months later, CalTrain increased the bicycle limit to 24 per train, making the service attractive to commuters in bicycle-friendly cities such as San Francisco and Palo Alto. In July 1997 the current logo was adopted, and the name became Caltrain. A year later, VTA extended its rail service from north Santa Clara to the Mountain View Caltrain station. In June 2003, a connection for the Bay Area Rapid Transit. In 2006, Caltrain announced that wireless internet access would be available on trains at no additional charge, Caltrain invested more than $1 million in researching and testing WiFi in 2006. Caltrain still hopes to offer the service eventually as part of a comprehensive communication package
Caltrain
–
An SP locomotive pulls a
Peninsula Commute train past Bayshore in April 1985
Caltrain
–
Caltrain
Caltrain
–
A Caltrain car manufactured by
Nippon Sharyo.
Caltrain
–
Baby Bullet service is provided by
MPI MP36PH-3C locomotives.
8.
California Legislature
–
The California State Legislature is the state legislature of the U. S. state of California. It is a body consisting of the lower house, the California State Assembly, with 80 members, and the upper house. New legislators convene each new session, to organize, in the Assembly and Senate Chambers, respectively. Aside from the recess, the legislature is in session year-round, the Democratic Party currently holds supermajorities in both chambers of the California Legislature. The state senate currently consists of 27 Democrats and 13 Republicans, except for the period from 1995 to 1996, the Assembly has been in Democratic hands since the 1970 election. The Senate has been in Democratic hands continuously since 1970, the first Californian State House was originally a hotel in San Jose owned by businessman Pierre Don Pedro Sainsevain and his associates. The State Legislature currently meets in the California State Capitol in Sacramento, members of the Assembly are elected from 80 districts and serve two-year terms. Members of the Senate are elected from forty districts and serve four-year terms, twenty Senate seats are up for election at each two-year election cycle. Term limits were established in 1990 following the passage of Proposition 140. In June 2012, voters approved Proposition 28 which allows legislators to serve a maximum of 12 years without regard to whether the years are served in the State Assembly or the State Senate. The proceedings of the California State Legislature are briefly summarized in regularly published journals, which show votes, reports produced by California executive agencies, as well as the Legislature, were published in the Appendices to the Journals from 1849 to 1970. Since the 1990s, the legislature has provided a video feed for its sessions. Due to the expense and the obvious political downside, California did not keep records of actual speeches made by members of the Assembly. As a result, reconstructing legislative intent outside of an acts preamble is extremely difficult in California for legislation passed before the 1990s. Since 1993, the Legislature has hosted a web/ftp site in one form or another, the most sought-after legislative committee appointments are to banking, agriculture and insurance. A bill is a proposal to change, repeal, or add to existing state law, an Assembly Bill is one introduced in the Assembly, a Senate Bill, in the Senate. Bills are designated by number, in the order of introduction in each house, for example, AB16 refers to the 16th bill introduced in the Assembly. The numbering starts afresh each session, there may be one or more extraordinary sessions
California Legislature
California Legislature
–
California State Legislature
California Legislature
–
California State Assembly chamber
California Legislature
–
California State Senate chamber
9.
Propane
–
Propane is a three-carbon alkane with the molecular formula C3H8, a gas, at standard temperature and pressure, but compressible to a transportable liquid. A by-product of natural gas processing and petroleum refining, it is used as a fuel for engines, oxy-gas torches, portable stoves. Propane is one of a group of liquefied petroleum gases, the others include butane, propylene, butadiene, butylene, isobutylene, and mixtures thereof. Propane was first identified as a component in gasoline by Walter O. Snelling of the U. S. Bureau of Mines in 1910. The volatility of these lighter hydrocarbons caused them to be known as wild because of the vapor pressures of unrefined gasoline. On March 31, the New York Times reported on Snellings work with liquefied gas and that a steel bottle will carry enough gas to light an ordinary home for three weeks. It was during this time that Snelling, in cooperation with Frank P. Peterson, Chester Kerr, together, they established American Gasol Co. the first commercial marketer of propane. Snelling had produced relatively pure propane by 1911, and on March 25,1913, a separate method of producing LP gas through compression was created by Frank Peterson and its patent granted on July 2,1912. The 1920s saw increased production of LP gas, with the first year of recorded production totaling 223,000 US gallons in 1922. In 1927, annual marketed LP gas production reached 1 million US gallons, and by 1935, major industry developments in the 1930s included the introduction of railroad tank car transport, gas odorization, and the construction of local bottle-filling plants. The year 1945 marked the first year that annual LP gas sales reached a billion gallons, by 1947, 62% of all U. S. homes had been equipped with either natural gas or propane for cooking. In 1950,1,000 propane-fueled buses were ordered by the Chicago Transit Authority, in 2004 it was reported to be a growing $8-billion to $10-billion industry with over 15 billion US gallons of propane being used annually in the U. S. The prop- root found in propane and names of compounds with three-carbon chains was derived from propionic acid. Propane is produced as a by-product of two processes, natural gas processing and petroleum refining. The processing of natural gas involves removal of butane, propane, additionally, oil refineries produce some propane as a by-product of cracking petroleum into gasoline or heating oil. The supply of propane cannot easily be adjusted to meet increased demand, about 90% of U. S. propane is domestically produced. The United States imports about 10% of the propane consumed each year, with about 70% of that coming from Canada via pipeline, the remaining 30% of imported propane comes to the United States from other sources via ocean transport. After it is produced, North American propane is stored in salt caverns
Propane
–
A 20 lb (9.1 kg) steel propane cylinder. This cylinder is fitted with an overfill prevention device (OPD) valve, as evidenced by the trilobular handwheel.
Propane
Propane
–
Domestic spherical steel pressure vessel with
pressure regulator for propane storage in the United States. This example was installed on this property in 1974.
Propane
–
A local delivery truck, behind the pickup truck
10.
Flxible Metro
–
The Flxible Metro was a transit bus that was assembled and manufactured by the Flxible Corporation from 1983 until 1995. From 1978 until mid-1983, when Flxible was owned by Grumman, over the combined 17-year production history, a total of 14,456 were built, of which 4,642 were model 870 and 9,814 were Metros. Under the ownership of Rohr Industries since 1970, while their very popular Flxible New Look was still in production, the Grumman 870 bus was one of two advanced-design buses. At the time, the government would subsidize the purchase of only the 870 or the RTS II. In 1978, Rohr sold Flxible to Grumman for US$55 million, the first 870 rolled off the assembly line in spring 1978. Under Grumman ownership, Grumman-Flxible received an order of buses from the New York City Transit Authority along with other agencies. A total of 2,656 buses, including buses in Atlanta, Chicago, Connecticut Dept. of Transportation, Houston, under the ownership of General Automotive, the Flxible nameplate was restored to the buses. Production continued until late 1995, when financial problems prompted the company to production and lay off most of its workforce at the Delaware, Ohio. The layoffs were planned to be temporary, but ultimately became permanent. Parent company General Automotive would meet the fate as Flxible the following year. The last Flxible Metros delivered were ones delivered in November 1995 to Monterey-Salinas Transit, however, neither of these orders included the Metro with the highest serial number, which had been delivered the previous month to Columbus, Ohio. In 1995, some used 870s were purchased from the Central Ohio Transit Authority by Kirov, Russia, where they were used until 2004. That May, the MTA sued Grumman again, asking for $184 million in damages as the result in fraud and $140 million to purchase replacements, referring to the buses as lemons. This time, Grumman would countersue the MTA for $1 billion, claiming that poor maintenance was the cause, the MTA would end up paying $56 million back to the Urban Mass Transit Administration for refusing to run the buses. The buses would sit for nearly two years at the Brooklyn Army Terminal until late 1985, when the UMTA exchanged the payment for equity in MTA properties, allowing for 835 of the 851 buses to be sold. The model history of the Grumman 870/Flxible Metro is as follows, Rapid Transit Series—competing Advanced Design Bus List of buses Ebert, Robert R. Flxible, A History of the Bus, yellow Springs, OH, Antique Power, Inc. Luke, William A. & Metler, Linda L, City Transit Buses of the 20th Century. Flxible Transit Buses, 1953–1995 Photo Archive, Flxible Production List Flxible Owners International
Flxible Metro
–
A 1992 Flxible Metro 40102-6C in Portland, Oregon, in 2013.
TriMet was one of the last agencies operating Flxible Metro buses past 2010.
Flxible Metro
–
New York City Transit Grumman 870 236, preserved as an historic vehicle
11.
U.S. Supreme Court
–
The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest federal court of the United States. In the legal system of the United States, the Supreme Court is the interpreter of federal constitutional law. The Court normally consists of the Chief Justice of the United States and eight justices who are nominated by the President. Once appointed, justices have life tenure unless they resign, retire, in modern discourse, the justices are often categorized as having conservative, moderate, or liberal philosophies of law and of judicial interpretation. Each justice has one vote, and while many cases are decided unanimously, the Court meets in the United States Supreme Court Building in Washington, D. C. The Supreme Court is sometimes referred to as SCOTUS, in analogy to other acronyms such as POTUS. The ratification of the United States Constitution established the Supreme Court in 1789 and its powers are detailed in Article Three of the Constitution. The Supreme Court is the court specifically established by the Constitution. The Court first convened on February 2,1790, by which five of its six initial positions had been filled. According to historian Fergus Bordewich, in its first session, he Supreme Court convened for the first time at the Royal Exchange Building on Broad Street and they had no cases to consider. After a week of inactivity, they adjourned until September, the sixth member was not confirmed until May 12,1790. Because the full Court had only six members, every decision that it made by a majority was made by two-thirds. However, Congress has always allowed less than the Courts full membership to make decisions, under Chief Justices Jay, Rutledge, and Ellsworth, the Court heard few cases, its first decision was West v. Barnes, a case involving a procedural issue. The Courts power and prestige grew substantially during the Marshall Court, the Marshall Court also ended the practice of each justice issuing his opinion seriatim, a remnant of British tradition, and instead issuing a single majority opinion. Also during Marshalls tenure, although beyond the Courts control, the impeachment, the Taney Court made several important rulings, such as Sheldon v. Nevertheless, it is primarily remembered for its ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford, which helped precipitate the Civil War. In the Reconstruction era, the Chase, Waite, and Fuller Courts interpreted the new Civil War amendments to the Constitution, during World War II, the Court continued to favor government power, upholding the internment of Japanese citizens and the mandatory pledge of allegiance. Nevertheless, Gobitis was soon repudiated, and the Steel Seizure Case restricted the pro-government trend, the Warren Court dramatically expanded the force of Constitutional civil liberties. It held that segregation in public schools violates equal protection and that traditional legislative district boundaries violated the right to vote
U.S. Supreme Court
–
Chief Justice Marshall
U.S. Supreme Court
–
Supreme Court of the United States
U.S. Supreme Court
–
The Roberts Court, October 2010 Back row (left to right):
Sonia Sotomayor,
Stephen G. Breyer,
Samuel A. Alito, and
Elena Kagan. Front row (left to right):
Clarence Thomas,
Antonin Scalia,
Chief Justice John Roberts,
Anthony Kennedy, and
Ruth Bader Ginsburg
U.S. Supreme Court
–
Roberts, John
John Roberts (
Chief Justice)
12.
Civil rights
–
Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals. They ensure ones ability to participate in the civil and political life of the society, Civil and political rights form the original and main part of international human rights. They comprise the first portion of the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the phrase civil rights is a translation of Latin ius civis. Roman citizens could be either free or servile, but they all had rights in law. After the Edict of Milan in 313, these included the freedom of religion. Roman legal doctrine was lost during the Middle Ages, but claims of rights could still be made based on religious doctrine. According to the leaders of Ketts Rebellion, all men may be made free. In the 17th century, English common law judge Sir Edward Coke revived the idea of rights based on citizenship by arguing that Englishmen had historically enjoyed such rights, the Parliament of England adopted the English Bill of Rights in 1689. The Virginia Declaration of Rights, by George Mason and James Madison, was adopted in 1776, the Virginia declaration is the direct ancestor and model for the U. S. Bill of Rights. The removal by legislation of a civil right constitutes a civil disability, in early 19th century Britain, the phrase civil rights most commonly referred to the issue of such legal discrimination against Catholics. In the House of Commons support for civil rights was divided, the Roman Catholic Relief Act 1829 restored their civil rights. In the 1860s, Americans adapted this usage to newly freed blacks, congress enacted civil rights acts in 1866,1871,1875,1957,1960,1964,1968, and 1991. Marshall notes that civil rights were among the first to be recognized and codified, followed later by political rights, in many countries, they are constitutional rights and are included in a bill of rights or similar document. They are also defined in human rights instruments, such as the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Civil and political rights need not be codified to be protected, although most democracies worldwide do have formal written guarantees of civil, Civil rights are considered to be natural rights. Thomas Jefferson wrote in his A Summary View of the Rights of British America that a free people their rights as derived from the laws of nature, the question of to whom civil and political rights apply is a subject of controversy. According to political scientist Salvador Santino F. Regilme Jr. Custom also plays a role, the United States Declaration of Independence states that people have unalienable rights including Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. It is considered by some that the purpose of government is the protection of life. Ideas of self-ownership and cognitive liberty affirm rights to choose the food one eats, the one takes
Civil rights
–
Savka Dabčević-Kučar,
Croatian Spring participant; Europe's first female prime minister
13.
California Constitution
–
The Constitution of the State of California is the document that establishes and describes the duties, powers, structure and function of the government of the U. S. state of California. Article 3, Section 2 of the current Constitution references the original boundaries as stated in the 1849 Constitution at Article 7. The result of Progressive mistrust of elected officials, the 1879 constitution is the third longest in the world, californias constitution is one of the longest collections of laws in the world, taking up 110 pages. Part of this length is caused by the fact that many voter initiatives take the form of a constitutional amendment, the constitution can be changed by initiatives passed by voters. Initiatives can be proposed by the governor, legislature, or by popular petition, many of the individual rights clauses in the state constitution have been construed as protecting rights even broader than the Bill of Rights in the federal constitution. This caused the California Supreme Court to find Capital Punishment unconstitional on state Constitutional grounds in the 1972 case of People v. Anderson, the constitution has undergone numerous changes since its original drafting. It was rewritten from scratch several times prior to the drafting of the current 1879 constitution, from 1911, the height of the U. S. Progressive Era, to 1986, the California Constitution was amended or revised over 500 times, the constitution gradually became increasingly bloated, leading to abortive efforts towards a third constitutional convention in 1897,1914,1919,1930,1934 and 1947. By 1962 the constitution had grown to 75,000 words and that year, the electorate approved the creation of a California Constitution Revision Commission, which worked on a comprehensive revision of the constitution from 1964 to 1976. The Commission ultimately removed about 40,000 words from the constitution, many of the signatories to the states original 1849 constitution were themselves prominent in their own right, and are therefore listed below. The list is notable for the inclusion of several Californios, the California Constitution is one of the longest in the world. Unlike other state constitutions, the California Constitution strongly protects the corporate existence of cities and counties, the Constitution gives charter cities, in particular, supreme authority over municipal affairs, even allowing such cities local laws to trump state law. By specifically enabling cities to pay counties to perform governmental functions for them, many of the individual rights clauses in the state constitution have been construed as protecting rights broader than the Bill of Rights in the federal constitution. The constitution also confers upon women equality of rights in entering or pursuing a business, profession, vocation and this is the earliest state constitutional equal rights provision on record. Two universities are expressly mentioned in the constitution, the University of California, UC is one of only nine state-run public universities in the United States whose independence from political interference is expressly guaranteed by the state constitution. Since 1900, Stanford has enjoyed the benefit of a constitutional clause shielding Stanford-owned property from taxes as long as it is used for educational purposes. The constitution of California distinguishes between constitutional amendments and revisions, the latter of which is considered to be a change to the entire constitution. A less extensive change in one or more of its provisions, both require passage of a California ballot proposition by voters, but they differ in how they may be proposed. S
California Constitution
–
Colton Hall in Monterey, site of the 1849 Constitutional Convention
14.
California Supreme Court
–
The Supreme Court of California is the court of last resort in the courts of the State of California. It is headquartered in San Francisco and regularly holds sessions in Los Angeles and its decisions are binding on all other California state courts. Under the original 1849 California Constitution, the Court started with a chief justice, the court was expanded to five justices in 1862. Under the current 1879 constitution, the Court expanded to six associate justices and one chief justice, the justices are appointed by the Governor of California and are subject to retention elections. The Commission holds a hearing and if satisfied with the nominees qualifications. The nominee can then immediately fill a vacancy, or replace a departing justice at the beginning of the next judicial term. If a nominee is confirmed to fill a vacancy that arose partway through a judicial term, voters then determine whether to retain the justice for the remainder of the judicial term. At the terms conclusion, justices must again undergo a statewide election for a full 12-year term. If a majority votes no, the seat vacant and may be filled by the Governor. The electorate has occasionally exercised the power not to retain justices, Chief Justice Rose Bird and Associate Justices Cruz Reynoso and Joseph Grodin were staunchly opposed to capital punishment and were subsequently removed in the 1986 general election. Newly reelected Governor George Deukmejian was then able to elevate Associate Justice Malcolm M. Lucas to Chief Justice, four current justices were appointed by Republicans and three by a Democrat. There is one Filipino-American justice, one Hispanic, one African-American, the justices do not publicly discuss their religious views or affiliations. Two justices earned undergraduate degrees from a University of California school, in March 2017, Werdegar announced her intent to retire on August 31,2017. Between 1879 and 1966, the court was divided into two panels, Department One and Department Two. The chief justice divided cases evenly between the panels and also decided which cases would be heard en banc by the Court sitting as a whole, after a constitutional amendment in 1966, the Court currently sits as a whole when hearing all appeals. The procedure for all justices recuse themselves from a case has varied over time. In an average year the Court will decide to hear 83 cases, the Court is open for business year-round. The Court hears oral argument at least one week per month,10 months each year, since 1878, it has regularly heard oral argument each year at San Francisco, Los Angeles, and Sacramento
California Supreme Court
–
Justices of the California Supreme Court: Standing, from left: Justice Mariano-Florentino Cuéllar, Justice Carol A. Corrigan, Justice Goodwin H. Liu, and Justice Leondra R. Kruger. Seated, from left: Justice Kathryn M. Werdegar, Chief Justice Tani G. Cantil-Sakauye, and Justice Ming W. Chin
California Supreme Court
–
Seal of the Supreme Court of California
California Supreme Court
–
Cantil-Sakauye, Tani
Tani Cantil-Sakauye
California Supreme Court
–
Werdegar, Kathryn
Kathryn Werdegar
15.
Sales tax
–
A sales tax is a tax paid to a governing body for the sales of certain goods and services. Usually laws allow the seller to collect funds for the tax from the consumer at the point of purchase, when a tax on goods or services is paid to a governing body directly by a consumer, it is usually called a use tax. Often laws provide for the exemption of certain goods or services from sales, conventional or retail sales tax is levied on the sale of a good to its final end user and is charged every time that item is sold retail. Sales to businesses that later resell the goods are not charged the tax, the tax is otherwise charged on each item sold to purchasers without such a certificate and who are under the jurisdiction of the taxing authority. Other types of taxes, or similar taxes, include the following, Manufacturers sales tax. Wholesale sales tax, a tax on sales of wholesale of tangible personal property when in a packaged and labeled ready for shipment or delivery to final users and consumers. Retail sales tax, a tax on sales of retail of tangible personal property to final consumers, gross receipts taxes, levied on all sales of a business. They have been criticized for their cascading or pyramiding effect, in which an item is taxed more than once as it makes its way from production to final retail sale. Excise taxes, applied to a range of products, such as gasoline or alcohol. Use taxes are imposed by states with a sales tax but are usually enforced only for large items such as automobiles. Securities turnover excise tax, a tax on the trade of securities, value added tax, in which tax is charged on all sales, thus avoiding the need for a system of resale certificates. Tax cascading is avoided by applying the tax only to the difference between the price paid by the first purchaser and the price paid by each subsequent purchaser of the same item, fairTax, a proposed federal sales tax, intended to replace the US federal income tax. Turnover tax, similar to a tax, but applied to intermediate. Most countries in the world have sales taxes or value-added taxes at all or several of the national, state, county, countries in Western Europe, especially in Scandinavia, have some of the worlds highest valued-added taxes. Norway, Denmark and Sweden have higher VATs at 25%, Hungary has the highest at 27% although reduced rates are used in cases, as for groceries, art, books. In some jurisdictions of the United States, there are levels of government which each impose a sales tax. For example, sales tax in Chicago, IL is 10. 25%, consisting of 6. 25% state,1. 25% city,1. 75% county, Chicago also has the Metropolitan Pier and Exposition Authority tax on food and beverage of 1%. For Baton Rouge, Louisiana, the tax is 10%, which is 5% each of state & local, in L. A. it is only 8. 75%, which is 7. 25% state and 1. 5% county
Sales tax
–
Cash register receipt showing sales tax of 8.5%
16.
Bay Area Rapid Transit
–
Bay Area Rapid Transit is a public transportation system serving the San Francisco Bay Area. The rapid transit elevated and subway system connects San Francisco with cities in Alameda, Contra Costa, BART operates 5 routes on 104 miles of track connecting 45 stations, plus a 3. 2-mile automated guideway transit line to the Oakland International Airport which adds an additional station. A spur line in eastern Contra Costa County will utilize other rail technologies, with an average of 433,000 weekday passengers and 128.5 million annual passengers in fiscal year 2016, BART is the fifth-busiest heavy rail rapid transit system in the United States. The systems acronym is pronounced Bart, like the name, BART is operated by the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District, formed in 1957. As of 2017, it is being expanded to San Jose with the consecutive Warm Springs, some of the Bay Area Rapid Transit Systems current coverage area was once served by an electrified streetcar and suburban train system called the Key System. This early 20th-century system once had regular trans-bay traffic across the deck of the Bay Bridge. By the mid-1950s, that system had been dismantled in favor of highway travel, a new rapid-transit system was proposed to take the place of the Key System during the late 1940s, and formal planning for it began in the 1950s. Some funding was secured for the BART system in 1959, passenger service began on September 11,1972, initially just between MacArthur and Fremont. All nine Bay Area counties were involved in the planning and envisioned to be connected by BART, before the system began revenue service, serious problems in the design and operation of the Automatic Train Control system were observed. Three engineers working for BART, Max Blankenzee, Robert Bruder, BART management was dismissive of their concerns, so the three took the issue to the board of directors. All but two of the directors voted in February 1972 to support management and reject the safety concerns, management retaliated against the engineers, firing them in March 1972. The IEEE later filed the first amicus brief in its history to support the engineers. The California Society of Professional Engineers reported to the California State Senate in June 1972 that there were serious safety risks with the ATC. Legislative analyst A. Alan Post, opened an investigation immediately, an ATC failure caused the train to run off the end of the elevated track and crash to the ground, injuring four people on-board, and drawing national and international attention. The “Fremont Flyer” led to a redesign of the train controls. The California State Public Utilities Commission imposed stringent oversight over train operations, the legislative analyst issued the first of three “Post Reports” in November 1972. The report was “sharply critical” of BART, finding that the ATC system was unreliable, the ATC program was mismanaged, and “no solution was in sight. ”The report accused BART of paying excessive fees for engineering services. BART’s general manager called the indictment of safety in the Post Report “not only disappointing, telephone calls were placed manually between stations, instead
Bay Area Rapid Transit
–
A
Pittsburg / Bay Point bound train at
Walnut Creek in July 2008.
Bay Area Rapid Transit
–
Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART)
Bay Area Rapid Transit
–
Location of the third rail changes at the station. On the left side of the track in the distance is the emergency walkway — the third rail is across the track from this walkway.
Bay Area Rapid Transit
–
Ticket vending machines at the
Powell Street Station
17.
Santa Clara, California
–
Santa Clara is a city in Santa Clara County, California, named after the Spanish mission that was established there in 1777. The citys population was 116,468 at the 2010 United States Census, located 45 miles southeast of San Francisco, the city was founded in 1777 and incorporated in 1852. The city is the site of the eighth of 21 California missions, Mission Santa Clara de Asís, the Mission and Mission Gardens are located on the grounds of Santa Clara University. Saint Clare is the saint of Santa Clara. Santa Clara is located in the center of Silicon Valley and is home to the headquarters of several companies such as Intel. It is also home to Santa Clara University, the oldest institution of learning in the state of California. It is bordered by San Jose, Sunnyvale, and Cupertino, the first European to visit the valley was José Francisco Ortega in 1769. He found the area inhabited by Native Americans, whom the Spanish called the Costanos, coast people, the Spanish began to colonize California with 21 missions and the Mission Santa Clara de Asis was founded in 1777. In 1846, the American flag was raised over Monterey and symbolized the transfer of the sovereignty of the California Republic over to the United States of America, in 1851, Santa Clara College was established on the grounds of the original Mission. In 1852, Santa Clara was incorporated as a town, it became state-chartered by 1862, for the next century the economy centered on agriculture since orchards and vegetables were thriving in the fertile soil. By the beginning of the 20th century, the population had reached 5,000, in 1905, the first public high-altitude flights by humans were made over Santa Clara in gliders designed by John J. Montgomery. The semiconductor industry, which sprouted around 1960, changed the city and surrounding Valley of Hearts Delight, Santa Claras first medical hospital was built in 1963. This structure, on Kiely Boulevard, was replaced in 2007 with the new Kaiser Permanente medical center located on Lawrence Expressway at Homestead Road, Santa Clara was also home to a major mental health facility, Agnews State Hospital. According to the National Park Service, more than 100 persons were killed at this site in the 1906 earthquake, the site is the former home to Sun Microsystems and is listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Santa Clara is drained by three creeks, all of which empty into the southern portion of San Francisco Bay, these creeks are San Tomas Aquino Creek, Saratoga Creek. This owl uses burrows created by ground squirrels and prefers generally level grasslands, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city covers an area of 18.4 square miles, all of it land. The average daily temperatures in July range from 82 °F to 53 °F, winters are mild, with the mean daily temperatures in January ranging from 58 °F to 38 °F. Most of the rainfall comes in the winter months, the summer months are generally rainless
Santa Clara, California
–
The Santa Clara Convention Center in July 2007
Santa Clara, California
–
Santa Clara's Main Street, circa 1910.
Santa Clara, California
–
A housing development.
Santa Clara, California
–
McAfee headquarters
18.
San Jose International Airport
–
Mineta San Jose International Airport is a city-owned public airport in San Jose, California, United States. It is named after San Jose native Norman Mineta, former Transportation Secretary in the Cabinet of George W. Bush, the name also recognizes Minetas service as a councilman for, and mayor of, San Jose. It is a U. S. Customs and Border Protection international port of entry and it is three miles northwest of Downtown San Jose near the intersections of U. S. Route 101, Interstate 880, and State Route 87. The dominant carrier is Southwest Airlines with Alaska Airlines as the second largest, Alaska Airlines is also a focused city for SJC. The airport has free Wi-Fi in all terminals, despite San Jose being the largest city in the Bay Area, SJC is the smallest of the three Bay Area commercial airports in terms of total passengers. SJC served 10.8 Million passengers in 2016, SJC is located near downtown San Jose, unlike SFO and OAK which are on opposite shores of San Francisco Bay. SJCs convenient location near downtown San Jose has its drawbacks, it is surrounded by the city and has room for expansion. The proximity to downtown causes limits on building heights in downtown San Jose, Renzel led the effort to pass a bond measure to pay for the land in 1940. In 1945, test pilot James M. Nissen leased about 16 acres of land to build a runway, hangar. When the city of San Jose decided to develop an airport, Nissen sold his share of the aviation business. Renzel and Nissen were instrumental in the development of San Jose Municipal Airport over the few decades. The runway that became 12R/30L was 4,500 feet until about 1962—Brokaw Rd was the northwest boundary of the airport. In 1964 it was 6,312 feet, in 1965 it was 7787 ft, and a few years later it reached 8900 ft, the two runways are now 11,000 feet. This program showed that residences near the airport could be retrofitted cost-effectively to reduce aircraft noise substantially. In 1990, San Jose International Airport greatly expanded with the opening of Terminal A, in November 2001, the airport was renamed after Norman Y. Mineta, a native of San Jose, its mayor and congressman, former United States Secretary of Commerce. In November 2001, San Jose City Council approved a master plan for the airport that called for a three-phase. The plan, designed by Gensler and The Steinberg Group, called for a single, consolidated Central Terminal with 40 gates, the sail-shaped facade would greet up to 17.6 million passengers a year
San Jose International Airport
San Jose International Airport
–
San Jose Must Have An Airport – 1929
San Jose International Airport
–
SJC aerial photo of Terminals A and B
San Jose International Airport
–
Southwest Airlines Boeing 737 aircraft parked at Terminal A with parking structure behind
19.
BART
–
Bay Area Rapid Transit is a public transportation system serving the San Francisco Bay Area. The rapid transit elevated and subway system connects San Francisco with cities in Alameda, Contra Costa, BART operates 5 routes on 104 miles of track connecting 45 stations, plus a 3. 2-mile automated guideway transit line to the Oakland International Airport which adds an additional station. A spur line in eastern Contra Costa County will utilize other rail technologies, with an average of 433,000 weekday passengers and 128.5 million annual passengers in fiscal year 2016, BART is the fifth-busiest heavy rail rapid transit system in the United States. The systems acronym is pronounced Bart, like the name, BART is operated by the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District, formed in 1957. As of 2017, it is being expanded to San Jose with the consecutive Warm Springs, some of the Bay Area Rapid Transit Systems current coverage area was once served by an electrified streetcar and suburban train system called the Key System. This early 20th-century system once had regular trans-bay traffic across the deck of the Bay Bridge. By the mid-1950s, that system had been dismantled in favor of highway travel, a new rapid-transit system was proposed to take the place of the Key System during the late 1940s, and formal planning for it began in the 1950s. Some funding was secured for the BART system in 1959, passenger service began on September 11,1972, initially just between MacArthur and Fremont. All nine Bay Area counties were involved in the planning and envisioned to be connected by BART, before the system began revenue service, serious problems in the design and operation of the Automatic Train Control system were observed. Three engineers working for BART, Max Blankenzee, Robert Bruder, BART management was dismissive of their concerns, so the three took the issue to the board of directors. All but two of the directors voted in February 1972 to support management and reject the safety concerns, management retaliated against the engineers, firing them in March 1972. The IEEE later filed the first amicus brief in its history to support the engineers. The California Society of Professional Engineers reported to the California State Senate in June 1972 that there were serious safety risks with the ATC. Legislative analyst A. Alan Post, opened an investigation immediately, an ATC failure caused the train to run off the end of the elevated track and crash to the ground, injuring four people on-board, and drawing national and international attention. The “Fremont Flyer” led to a redesign of the train controls. The California State Public Utilities Commission imposed stringent oversight over train operations, the legislative analyst issued the first of three “Post Reports” in November 1972. The report was “sharply critical” of BART, finding that the ATC system was unreliable, the ATC program was mismanaged, and “no solution was in sight. ”The report accused BART of paying excessive fees for engineering services. BART’s general manager called the indictment of safety in the Post Report “not only disappointing, telephone calls were placed manually between stations, instead
BART
–
A
Pittsburg / Bay Point bound train at
Walnut Creek in July 2008.
BART
–
Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART)
BART
–
Location of the third rail changes at the station. On the left side of the track in the distance is the emergency walkway — the third rail is across the track from this walkway.
BART
–
Ticket vending machines at the
Powell Street Station
20.
Dot-com bubble
–
The period was marked by the founding of several new Internet-based companies commonly referred to as dot-coms. Companies could cause their stock prices to increase by adding an e- prefix to their name or a. com suffix. By the end of the 1990s, the NASDAQ hit a P/E ratio of 200, the collapse of the bubble took place during 1999–2001. Some companies, such as pets. com and Webvan, failed completely, others – such as Cisco, whose stock declined by 86% – lost a large portion of their market capitalization but remained stable and profitable. Some, such as eBay. com, later recovered and even surpassed their dot-com-bubble peaks, the stock of Amazon. com came to exceed $700 per share, for example, after having gone from $107 to $7 in the crash. The low interest rates of 1998–99 helped increase the start-up capital amounts, a canonical dot-com companys business model relied on harnessing network effects by operating at a sustained net loss and building market share. These companies offered their services or end product for free with the expectation that they could build enough brand awareness to charge profitable rates for their services later, the motto get big fast reflected this strategy. This occurred in industrialized nations due to the digital divide in the late 1990s. The absence of infrastructure and a lack of understanding were two obstacles that previously obstructed mass connectivity. For these reasons, individuals had limited capabilities in what they could do, increased means of connectivity to the Internet than previously available allowed the use of ICT to progress from a luxury good to a necessity good. As connectivity grew, so did the potential for venture capitalists to take advantage of the growing field, the functionalism, or impacts of technologies driven from the cost effectiveness of new Internet websites ultimately influenced the demand growth during this time. A bubble occurs when speculators note the fast increase in value and decide to buy in anticipation of further rises, typically, during a bubble, many companies thus become grossly overvalued. When the bubble bursts, the prices fall dramatically. The prices of many non-technology stocks increased in tandem and were pushed up to valuations uncorrelated to fundamentals. Andrew Smith argued that the financial industrys handling of initial public offerings tended to benefit the banks, in contrast, the financiers and other initial investors were typically entitled to sell at the peak price, and so could immediately profit from short-term price rises. Smith argues that the profitability of the IPOs to Wall Street was a significant factor in the course of events of the bubble. He writes, But did the kids dupe the establishment by drawing them into companies, or did the establishment dupe the kids by introducing them to Mammon. In spite of this, however, a few company founders made vast fortunes when their companies were out at an early stage in the dot-com stock market bubble
Dot-com bubble
–
The
NASDAQ Composite index spiked in the late 90s and then fell sharply as a result of the dot-com bubble.
21.
Federal government of the United States
–
The Federal Government of the United States is the national government of the United States, a republic in North America, composed of 50 states, one district, Washington, D. C. and several territories. The federal government is composed of three branches, legislative, executive, and judicial, whose powers are vested by the U. S. Constitution in the Congress, the President, and the courts, including the Supreme Court. The powers and duties of these branches are defined by acts of Congress. The full name of the republic is United States of America, no other name appears in the Constitution, and this is the name that appears on money, in treaties, and in legal cases to which it is a party. The terms Government of the United States of America or United States Government are often used in documents to represent the federal government as distinct from the states collectively. In casual conversation or writing, the term Federal Government is often used, the terms Federal and National in government agency or program names generally indicate affiliation with the federal government. Because the seat of government is in Washington, D. C, Washington is commonly used as a metonym for the federal government. The outline of the government of the United States is laid out in the Constitution, the government was formed in 1789, making the United States one of the worlds first, if not the first, modern national constitutional republics. The United States government is based on the principles of federalism and republicanism, some make the case for expansive federal powers while others argue for a more limited role for the central government in relation to individuals, the states or other recognized entities. For example, while the legislative has the power to create law, the President nominates judges to the nations highest judiciary authority, but those nominees must be approved by Congress. The Supreme Court, in its turn, has the power to invalidate as unconstitutional any law passed by the Congress and these and other examples are examined in more detail in the text below. The United States Congress is the branch of the federal government. It is bicameral, comprising the House of Representatives and the Senate, the House currently consists of 435 voting members, each of whom represents a congressional district. The number of each state has in the House is based on each states population as determined in the most recent United States Census. All 435 representatives serve a two-year term, each state receives a minimum of one representative in the House. There is no limit on the number of terms a representative may serve, in addition to the 435 voting members, there are six non-voting members, consisting of five delegates and one resident commissioner. In contrast, the Senate is made up of two senators from each state, regardless of population, there are currently 100 senators, who each serve six-year terms
Federal government of the United States
–
The
United States Capitol is the
seat of government for Congress.
Federal government of the United States
–
Great Seal of the United States
Federal government of the United States
–
Diagram of the Federal Government and American Union, 1862.
22.
Federal Transit Administration
–
The Federal Transit Administration is an agency within the United States Department of Transportation that provides financial and technical assistance to local public transportation systems. The FTA is one of ten modal administrations within the DOT, until 1991, it was known as the Urban Mass Transportation Administration. Public transportation includes buses, subways, light rail, commuter rail, monorail, passenger boats, trolleys, inclined railways. The federal government, through the FTA, provides assistance to develop new transit systems and improve, maintain. The FTA oversees grants to state and local providers, primarily through its ten regional offices. In 1962, President John F. Kennedy sent a major transportation message to the U. S. Congress and it called for the establishment of a program of federal capital assistance for mass transportation. Said President Kennedy, To conserve and enhance values in existing urban areas is essential, but at least as important are steps to promote economic efficiency and livability in areas of future development. The agency was charged with providing assistance for mass transit projects. In 1991, the agency was renamed the Federal Transit Administration, the current Acting Administrator is Carolyn Flowers, having assumed the post in April 2016. The last confirmed FTA Administrator, from May 2009 to January 2014, was Peter M. Rogoff, below is a list of past administrators. Official website American Recovery & Reinvestment Act Federal Transit Administration in the Federal Register
Federal Transit Administration
–
Federal Transit Administration
23.
Bay Area Rapid Transit District
–
The Bay Area Rapid Transit District is a special-purpose district body that governs the Bay Area Rapid Transit system in the California counties of Alameda, Contra Costa and San Francisco. The district originally included San Mateo and Marin Counties, San Mateo opted out, preferring to utilize funds to build their freeway system. BARTD is split into nine districts, each of which one board member. One board member acts as president, board members appoint five officers, General Manager, Controller-Treasurer, Independent Police Auditor, General Counsel, and District Secretary. Current board members include, Former board members include, Dan C, helix Zakhary Mallett Gail Murray Tom Radulovich
Bay Area Rapid Transit District
–
Oakland
24.
Clipper card
–
The Clipper card is a reloadable contactless smart card used for electronic transit fare payment in the San Francisco Bay Area. First introduced as TransLink in 2002 by the Metropolitan Transportation Commission as a pilot program, in 1993, Bay Area Rapid Transit and County Connection launched a pilot program named Translink that allowed the use of a single fare card between the two systems. The card, which used magnetic stripe technology, was envisioned to one day include all Bay Area transit agencies, however, due to technical problems, the program was abandoned two years later. Translink had a capital cost of $4 million when undertaken in 1993. In its current form, first as TransLink and later as Clipper, cost estimates have since increased, the projected 25-year capital and operations costs are now estimated at $338 million. Scheduled implementation delays have added up to more than a decade, in 1998, MTC envisioned full availability of TransLink by 2001. However, it was operational for only five transit agencies by 2009. As of December 2011, Clipper was only accepted by eight of the Bay Areas transit agencies, Clipper was developed by Australian-based ERG Group and Motorola under the ERG-Motorola alliance in April 1999. However, upon the launch of Clipper, Cubic Transportation Systems has taken over administration of distribution, customer service, full implementation of Clipper has been far slower than that of similar contactless smart cards, including the Oyster card and SmarTrip, chiefly due to bureaucratic difficulties. In October 2010, the MTC selected 路路通 as the official Chinese name for Clipper, obtaining a card was free from introduction in June 2010 to encourage users to adopt the card, until September 1,2012 when new adult cards began to cost $3. This charge covers the approximately $2 per card to manufacture and reduces the incentive to throw away the card if the value goes negative when fare is calculated on exit, the $3 fee is waived if the card is registered to auto-load more value. Passengers can add money to their Clipper cards in person at work, automatically, while the money is added immediately in person, it will take 3–5 days before it registers on the Clipper card if added by telephone or online. A number of regional transit agencies have not yet joined Clipper, including ACE. Clipper utilizes a NXP Semiconductors MIFARE DESFire integrated circuit to manufacture the card, the card operates on the 13.56 MHz range putting it into the Near Field Communication category. Because the card uses NFC technology, any NFC-enabled device can read the number, travel history. However, data cannot be written to the card without the proper encryption key, the former Translink cards, while still functional on the fare system readers, do not conform to MIFARE and are unreadable by 13.56 MHz readers. Because Clipper operates in multiple areas with sporadic or non-existent internet access. To accomplish this, the Clipper card memory keeps track of balance on the card, fares paid, and trip history
Clipper card
–
Clipper
Clipper card
–
A special edition Clipper card, commemorating the 75th anniversary of the
Golden Gate Bridge.
Clipper card
–
An Add Value Machine for TransLink/Clipper cards, used to load electronic cash or transit passes.
Clipper card
–
The former TransLink card
25.
Grand Jury
–
Grand jury is a legal body empowered to conduct official proceedings and investigate potential criminal conduct, and determine whether criminal charges should be brought. A grand jury may compel the production of documents and compel sworn testimony of witnesses to appear before it, Grand jury is separate from the courts, which do not preside over its functioning. Grand juries perform both accusatory and investigatory functions, investigatory functions of grand juries include obtaining and reviewing documents and other evidence, and hearing sworn testimonies of witnesses who appear before it. Grand jurys accusatory function is to determine there is probable cause to believe that one or more persons committed a certain offence within the venue of district court. Grand jury in the United States is usually composed of 16 to 23 citizens, though in Virginia, in Ireland, they also functioned as local government authorities. In Japan, Law of July 12,1948 created the Kensatsu Shinsakai, Grand jury is so named because traditionally it has greater number of jurors than trial jury, called a petit jury. The function of a jury is to accuse persons who may be guilty of an offense. It is a means for lay citizens, representative of the community and it can also make presentments on crime and maladministration in its area. The traditional number of the jury is 23. No indictment or presentment can be made except by concurrence of at least twelve of the jurors, the grand jury may accuse upon their own knowledge, but it is generally done upon the testimony of witnesses under oath and other evidence heard before them. The proceedings of grand jury are, in the first instance, at the instigation of the government or other prosecutor, the accused has no knowledge nor right to interfere with their proceedings. If the grand jury returns an indictment as a bill, the indictment is said to be founded and party stand indicted. Grand jury only hears evidence on behalf of the prosecution for the finding of an indictment only in the nature of inquiry or accusation, however, they ought to be thoroughly persuaded of the truth of indictment, so far as their evidence goes. The first instance of a jury can be traced back to the Assize of Clarendon in 1166. Henrys chief impact on the development of the English monarchy was to increase the jurisdiction of the courts at the expense of the feudal courts. Itinerant justices on regular circuits were sent out each year to enforce the Kings Peace. To make this system of criminal justice more effective, Henry employed the method of inquest used by William the Conqueror in the Domesday Book. In each shire, a body of important men was sworn to report to the sheriff all crimes committed since the last session of the circuit court, thus originated the more recent grand jury that presents information for an indictment
Grand Jury
–
A grand jury investigating the fire that destroyed the Arcadia Hotel in Boston, Massachusetts in 1913
26.
Paratransit
–
Paratransit services may vary considerably on the degree of flexibility they provide their customers. At their simplest they may consist of a taxi or small bus that will run along a more or less defined route, in addition to public transit agencies, Paratransit services are operated by community groups or not-for-profit organizations, and for-profit private companies or operators. Typically, minibuses are used to provide paratransit service, most paratransit vehicles are equipped with wheelchair lifts or ramps to facilitate access. In the United States, private companies often provide paratransit service in cities. Veolia Transport, First Transit and MV Transportation are among the largest private contractors of paratransit services in the United States, definition, any type of public transportation that is distinct from conventional transit, such as flexibly scheduled and routed services such as airport limousines, carpools, etc. Etymology, para- alongside of + transit The use of paratransit has evolved and these are still extremely important in many parts of the world. Paratransit is a mode of flexible passenger transportation that does not follow fixed routes or schedules. Since the early 1980s, particularly in North America, the term began to be used increasingly to describe the second meaning, in this respect, paratransit has become a subsector and business in its own right. The term paratransit is rarely used outside of North America, Section 504 prohibited the exclusion of the disabled from any program or activity receiving federal financial assistance. Most transit agencies did not see fixed route accessibility as desirable and opted for a system of small paratransit vehicles operating parallel to a system of larger. With the passage of the ADA, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act was extended to all activities of state. Its provisions were not limited to programs receiving federal funds and applied to all public transit services, Title II of the ADA also more clearly defined a disabled persons right to equal participation in transit programs, and the providers responsibility to make that participation possible. In revisions to Title 49 Part 37, the Federal Transit Administration defined the requirements of the ADA. These requirements included complementary paratransit to destinations within 3/4 mile of all fixed routes, Paratransit service is an unfunded mandate. Title 49 Part 37 details the eligibility rules along with requirements governing how the service must be provided and managed, in the United States, paratransit service is now highly regulated and closely monitored for compliance with standards set by the Federal Transit Administration. As the ADA became effective in 1992, the FTA required transit systems in the United States to plan and begin implementing ADA compliant services, during this period, paratransit demand and services rapidly expanded. This growth led to new approaches to manage and provide these services. Since the passage of the ADA, paratransit service has grown rapidly as a mode of transit in the United States
Paratransit
–
Two
Maui Bus buses engaged in paratransit services. One is picking up a person who uses a
wheelchair, while another is discharging another person using a
mobility scooter.
Paratransit
–
A
NYC Transit paratransit bus.
Paratransit
–
MTA Mobility vehicle operator assisting a customer board a paratransit vehicle
27.
Peninsula Corridor Joint Powers Board
–
Caltrain is a California commuter rail line on the San Francisco Peninsula and in the Santa Clara Valley. The northern terminus of the line is in San Francisco at 4th, extra trains were often run for special events held in AT&T Park in San Francisco, Stanford Stadium in Palo Alto, and SAP Center in San Jose. Caltrain operates 92 weekday trains,6 of which are extended to Gilroy, weekday ridership in February 2016 averaged 62,416, up 83% since 2010. Caltrain is governed by the Peninsula Corridor Joint Powers Board which consists of agencies from the three counties served by Caltrain, San Francisco, San Mateo and Santa Clara, each member agency has three representatives on a nine-member Board of Directors. The member agencies are the City and County of San Francisco, SamTrans, Caltrain has 29 regular stops, one football-only stop, and two weekend-only stops. As of October 2012 Caltrain runs 92 weekday trains,36 Saturday, the original commuter railroad built in 1863 was the San Francisco and San Jose Rail Road, it was purchased by Southern Pacific in 1870. Southern Pacific double-tracked the line in 1904 and rerouted it via Bayshore, after 1945, ridership declined with the rise in automobile use, in 1977 SP petitioned the state Public Utilities Commission to discontinue the commute operation because of ongoing losses. To preserve the service, in 1980 Caltrans contracted with SP. Caltrans purchased new locomotives and rolling stock, replacing SP equipment in 1985, Caltrans also upgraded stations, added shuttle buses to nearby employers, and dubbed the operation CalTrain. The Peninsula Corridor Joint Powers Board was formed in 1987 to manage the line, subsequently, San Mateo and Santa Clara Counties commissioned Earth Metrics, Inc. to prepare an Environmental Impact Report on right-of-way acquisition and expansion of operations. With state and local funding, the PCJPB bought the right of way between San Francisco and San Jose from SP in 1991. The following year, PCJPB took responsibility for CalTrain operations and selected Amtrak as the contract operator, PCJPB extended the CalTrain service from San Jose to Gilroy, connecting to VTA Light Rail at Tamien Station in San Jose. In July 1995 CalTrain became accessible to passengers in wheelchairs, five months later, CalTrain increased the bicycle limit to 24 per train, making the service attractive to commuters in bicycle-friendly cities such as San Francisco and Palo Alto. In July 1997 the current logo was adopted, and the name became Caltrain. A year later, VTA extended its rail service from north Santa Clara to the Mountain View Caltrain station. In June 2003, a connection for the Bay Area Rapid Transit. In 2006, Caltrain announced that wireless internet access would be available on trains at no additional charge, Caltrain invested more than $1 million in researching and testing WiFi in 2006. Caltrain still hopes to offer the service eventually as part of a comprehensive communication package
Peninsula Corridor Joint Powers Board
–
An SP locomotive pulls a
Peninsula Commute train past Bayshore in April 1985
Peninsula Corridor Joint Powers Board
–
Caltrain
Peninsula Corridor Joint Powers Board
–
A Caltrain car manufactured by
Nippon Sharyo.
Peninsula Corridor Joint Powers Board
–
Baby Bullet service is provided by
MPI MP36PH-3C locomotives.
28.
Capitol Corridor
–
The Capitol Corridor is a 168-mile passenger train route operated by Amtrak in California. Capitol Corridor trains operate between San Jose and Sacramento, roughly parallel to Interstate 880 and Interstate 80, one train a day continues through the eastern Sacramento suburbs to Auburn, in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada. Capitol Corridor trains started in 1991, the Capitol Corridor is named because it links the location of Californias first state capitol, San Jose, with the current location, Sacramento. The rail route also travels near historical state capitol locations of Vallejo, at the start of the 1990s three Amtrak trains operated in the Bay Area, the long-distance California Zephyr and Coast Starlight, and the short-distance San Joaquin. Only the Coast Starlight ran once a day between San Jose and Sacramento, and at inconvenient times, the last local service between the two former capitals was the Southern Pacifics Senator which ran between Oakland and Sacramento until May 31,1962. In 1990 California voters passed two propositions providing $105 million to expand service along the route, the new service, named Capitols, debuted on December 12,1991 with three daily round-trips between San Jose and Sacramento. Of these, a single round-trip continued to Roseville, an eastern Sacramento suburb, the service was later renamed Capitol Corridor to avoid confusion with the Capitol Limited, which runs between Washington, D. C. and Chicago. In 1998 there was one round trip train that ran as far as Colfax, today, most eastbound Capitol Corridor trains terminate in Sacramento, with Amtrak Thruway bus connections to destinations farther east. Only one daily train runs as far as Auburn, new stations have been proposed along the route at Hercules, Benicia, northern Fairfield/Vacaville and Dixon. The northern Fairfield–Vacaville station is being developed by the cities of Fairfield and Vacaville near the corner of Peabody Road, the station is being planned and paid for by BART and the city of Union City. Preliminary work had started to add second pair of tracks between Oakland and San Jose, which would enable most trains to run from Sacramento to San Jose, an expansion to Truckee, California and Reno, Nevada on the UP line over Donner Pass has been considered. Revenue in FY2012 was $27,927,540, an 8. 6% increase over FY2011 and it is the fourth busiest Amtrak route by ridership, surpassed only by the Northeast Regional, Acela Express, and Pacific Surfliner. As of 2013 Sacramento is the busiest station on the route, the Capitol Corridor is used by commuters between the Sacramento area and the Bay Area as an alternative to driving on congested Interstate 80. Monthly passes and discounted tickets are available. Starting on August 28,2006 the Capitol Corridor had 16 weekday trains each way between Oakland and Sacramento, up from twelve in 2005 and three in 1992, according to its management, ridership on the Capitol Corridor trains tripled between 1998 and 2005. Starting August 13,2012 the Capitol Corridor dropped from 16 to 15 weekday trains each way between Oakland and Sacramento, as of February 2013 no weekday trains run the full length of the line between Auburn and San Jose. The single departure from Auburn runs to Oakland Coliseum, of the 14 westward departures from Sacramento seven run to San Jose, seven trains run San Jose to Sacramento, six downtown Oakland to Sacramento, one Coliseum to Sacramento and one Oakland to Auburn. When the Capitol Corridor debuted in 1991, it used Amtrak F40PH locomotives, Dash 8 locomotives were also used as they were brand new at the time
Capitol Corridor
–
A morning San Jose-bound Capitol Corridor at Santa Clara-University station before the platforms were rebuilt
Capitol Corridor
–
A Capitol Corridor rounds
San Pablo Bay near
Pinole in 2011. An
EMD F59PHI leads a mixed consist of 2 "California Cars" and 2 Superliner coaches.
29.
Campbell, California
–
Campbell /ˈkæmbəl/ is a city in Santa Clara County, California, and part of Silicon Valley, in the San Francisco Bay Area. As of the 2010 U. S. Census, Campbells population is 39,349, although not a major high-tech city like many of its neighbors, Campbell is the original home of eBay and of its creator, Pierre Omidyar. Today the Pruneyard Shopping Center is home to the South Bay offices of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Campbell is bordered on the east and north by San Jose, on the south by Los Gatos, and on the west by a small portion of Saratoga. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 5.9 square miles. 5.8 square miles of it is land and 0.1 square miles of it is water, the 2010 United States Census reported that Campbell had a population of 39,349. The population density was 6,685.2 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Campbell was 26,315 White,7,247 Hispanic or Latino of any race,6,320 Asian,1,158 African American,275 Native American, and 161 Pacific Islander. A remaining 2,713 identified as other races, and 2,407 from two or more races, the Census reported that 39,148 people lived in households,79 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 122 were institutionalized. There were 1,092 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 138 same-sex married couples or partnerships,4,805 households were made up of individuals and 1,328 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42, there were 9,686 families, the average family size was 3.05. The median age was 38.3 years, for every 100 females there were 96.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.2 males. There were 16,950 housing units at a density of 2,879.7 per square mile, of which 8,093 were owner-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1. 8%, the vacancy rate was 4. 6%. 20,975 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 18,173 people lived in housing units. As of the census of 2000, there were 39,200 people,15,920 households, the population density was 6,802.8 inhabitants per square mile. There were 16,286 housing units at a density of 2,905.0 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 72. 78% White,2. 53% African American,0. 65% Native American,14. 16% Asian,0. 23% Pacific Islander,4. 87% from other races, and 4. 77% from two or more races
Campbell, California
–
Campbell's welcome sign
Campbell, California
–
Downtown Campbell
Campbell, California
–
Ainsley House
Campbell, California
–
The Heritage Theater formerly the Campbell High School auditorium
30.
Cupertino, California
–
The population was 58,302 as of the 2010 census. Forbes ranked it as one of the most educated small towns and it is known as the home of the Apple Inc. corporate headquarters. Cupertino was named after Arroyo San José de Cupertino, the creek had been named by Spanish explorer Juan Bautista de Anzas cartographer, who named it after Saint Joseph of Cupertino. Saint Joseph was born Giuseppe Maria Desa, and later known as Giuseppe da Copertino, Joseph of Cupertino was named after the town of Copertino in the Apulia region of Italy. The name Cupertino first became used when John T. Doyle. After the turn of the 20th century, Cupertino displaced the former name for the region, although the meaning of Copertino is uncertain, it is likely a compound word meaning little shelter. The -ino suffix in Italian words indicates small or little, while coprire in Italian means to cover, and coperto is derived from the Latin coopertus, Cupertino in the 19th century was a small rural village at the crossroads of Stevens Creek Road and Saratoga-Mountain View Road. Back then, it was known as the West Side and was part of Fremont Township, the primary economic activity was fruit agriculture. Almost all of the land within Cupertinos present-day boundaries was covered by prune, plum, apricot, a winery on Montebello Ridge overlooking the Cupertino valley region was also in operation by the late 19th century. Soon railroads, electric railways, and dirt roads traversed the West Side farmlands, Monta Vista, Cupertinos first housing tract, was developed in the mid-20th century as a result of the electric railways construction. In 1954, a rancher, Norman Nathanson, the Cupertino-Monta Vista Improvement Association, on September 27,1955, voters approved the incorporation of the city of Cupertino. Cupertino officially became Santa Clara Countys 13th city on October 10,1955, the first city council consisted of Ralph Lindenmayer, Werner Wilson, John Saich, R. Ivan Meyerholz and Norman Nathanson. Lindenmayer was selected as the first mayor of Cupertino a week after the September 27 election, a major milestone in Cupertinos development was the creation by some of the citys largest landowners of VALLCO Business and Industrial Park in the early 1960s. Of the 25 property owners,17 decided to pool their land to form VALLCO Park,6 sold to Varian Associates, the name VALLCO was derived from the names of the principal developers, Varian Associates and the Leonard, Lester, Craft, and Orlando families. A neighborhood outdoor shopping center and, much later, the enclosed Vallco Fashion Park, De Anza College opened in 1967. Their mansion has now become the California History Center, De Anza College now has about 22,000 students and is a hub of activity in the city. Its flea market, held the first Saturday of the month, housing developments were rapidly constructed in the following years as developers created neighborhoods, including Fairgrove, Garden Gate, Monta Vista, Seven Springs, and other developments. The city is known for its real estate prices
Cupertino, California
–
City center in 2005.
Cupertino, California
–
Cupertino Improvement Association circa 1954
Cupertino, California
–
Cali Mill Plaza containing the Cypress Hotel and various restaurants
Cupertino, California
–
Cali Mill Plaza at night
31.
Gilroy, California
–
Gilroy /ˈɡɪl. rɔɪ/ is a city located in Northern Californias Santa Clara County. The citys population was 48,821 at the 2010 United States Census, Gilroy also produces mushrooms in considerable quantity. Boutique wine production is a part of Gilroys western portion. Spanish explorers led by Juan Bautista de Anza first passed through the Santa Clara Valley area in 1776, in 1809, Ygnacio Ortega was granted the 13, 066-acre Spanish land concession Rancho San Ysidro. The village of San Ysidro grew nearby, at the foot of Pacheco Pass which linked the El Camino Real, Californias main exports at this time were hides and tallow, of which thousands of barrels were produced and shipped to the rest of New Spain. Trade and diplomatic intercourse with foreigners was forbidden by the royal government but was quietly carried on by Californians desperate for luxury goods. During the War of 1812, the armed merchantman Isaac Todd was sent by the North West Company to seize Fort Astoria, in January 1814, having fallen behind its escort, the Isaac Todd arrived at Monterey, California, Spanish colonial government center for Alta California. During the visit, ordinary seaman John Gilroy either jumped ship or was left ashore to recover from scurvy, John Gilroy spent the next few years moving around among the missions, pueblos and ranchos, plying his trade as a cooper. At first, by his own account in an 1856 letter to Thomas O. Larkin, eventually, he found his way to Rancho San Ysidro, converted to Roman Catholicism and became the first naturalized English-speaking settler in Alta California. In 1821, the same year Mexico won its independence from Spain, Gilroy married a daughter of his employer, upon Ygnacios death in 1833, the rancho was divided among his three children - including Gilroys wife Maria Clara. In 1867, under U. S. property law, the Rancho San Ysidro was patented to John Gilroy. The settlement now known as Old Gilroy grew up around Gilroys rancho complex and, after the end of the Mexican-American War in 1848, when gold was discovered in 1848 in the Sierra Nevada foothills, the trickle of immigrants from the eastern states and abroad became a flood. On March 12,1870 it was incorporated by the state legislature as the town of Gilroy. By then the center had been relocated west of the El Camino Real. Cattle ranching and timber from the nearby Santa Cruz Mountains were important to the economy for some time but, as in the rest of the valley, farming remains significant, but in the 1970s the city began evolving into a bedroom community for Silicon Valley to the north. There are a number of extant historical buildings dating from the mid-19th century, built in 1857, the Christian Church at 160 Fifth Street is the oldest wood framed church in Santa Clara County in continuous use. Blacksmith George Eustices house at 213 Fifth Street was constructed in 1869, samuel Moore was a long time Gilroy postmaster, whose home was built in the 1870s at 7151 Church Street. Nearby in the foothills of the Diablo Range to the northeast is the resort site Gilroy Yamato Hot Springs
Gilroy, California
–
Old City Hall in April 2014
Gilroy, California
–
Bodies of water
32.
Los Altos, California
–
Los Altos /lɔːs ˈæltoʊs/ is a city at the southern end of the San Francisco Peninsula, in the San Francisco Bay Area. The city is in Santa Clara County, California, United States, the population was 28,976 according to the 2010 census. Most of the growth occurred between 1950 and 1980. Originally an agricultural town with summer cottages and apricot orchards. Los Altos has several distinctive features, commercial zones are strictly limited to the downtown area and small shopping and office parks lining Foothill Expressway and El Camino Real. Homes and other real estate are costly in Los Altos, the median household income of Los Altos for 2009–2013 was $157,907. The median home listing price in 2016 was $3.6 million, in 2016, Forbes put Los Altos as the 8th and 46th most expensive ZIP codes in the United States. Los Altos means the heights in Spanish, the area was originally called Banks and Braes. Paul Shoup, an executive of the Southern Pacific Railroad, and his colleagues formed the Altos Land Company in 1906, the company acquired 140 acres of land from Sarah Winchester. Shoup wanted to link Palo Alto and Los Gatos by making Los Altos a commuter town and it continued a train a day operation to and from San Francisco. In 1908, Southern Pacific Railroad began running steam train service through Los Altos with five trains per day, two freight cars served as train depot. Also, the first commercial building, Eschenbruecher’s Hardware, was built in downtown, in 1913, the craftsman-style Los Altos train station was built at 288 First Street. By 1949, many residents were dissatisfied with the policy of Santa Clara county. Also, there was a constant threat of being annexed by neighboring Palo Alto and Mountain View, Los Altos became the eleventh city in Santa Clara county on December 1,1952. Train service stopped its operation in January,1964, and the track became Foothill Expressway. In 1976, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, along with others including Ronald Wayne, Jobs, Wozniak, and Wayne founded Apple Computer, Inc on 1 April 1976. Los Altos is located at 37°22′5″N 122°5′51″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 6.487 square miles. Los Altos is crossed by three creeks that flow north to San Francisco Bay, Adobe Creek on its boundary, Stevens Creek on its eastern boundary
Los Altos, California
–
A City of Los Altos entrance marker, located in Lincoln Park just off of Main Street
Los Altos, California
–
Mallard in May just above Fremont Street bridge; the creek now runs dry by summer.
Los Altos, California
–
A store in disarray following the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake.
Los Altos, California
–
Bodies of water
33.
Los Altos Hills, California
–
Los Altos Hills /lɔːs ˈæltoʊs ˈhɪlz/ is an incorporated town in Santa Clara County, California, United States. The population was 7,922 at the 2010 census and it is one of the wealthiest towns in the San Francisco Bay Area and in the country. Two Los Altos Hills ZIP codes appeared on the 2015 Forbes list of Americas most expensive ZIP codes, Los Altos Hills has a ban on commercial zones, which was upheld by the California Court of Appeal in 1973. The towns only retail commercial operation is the store on the campus of Foothill College. The town does not have a post office or library, with mail delivery provided from nearby Los Altos, the towns zoning regulations require a minimum lot size of one acre, setbacks from the property boundary, and easements for public pathways. The town government contracts with Santa Clara County for police and fire services, the town is home to a convent of the Daughters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul. Los Altos Hills is located at 37°22′17″N 122°8′15″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 8.8 square miles, all of it land. The town is located in a group of small hills, both the Altamont and Monte Vista Faults pass through the town. The 2010 United States Census reported that Los Altos Hills had a population of 7,922, the population density was 900.0 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Los Altos Hills was 5,417 White,37 African American,4 Native American,2,109 Asian,8 Pacific Islander,50 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 213 persons. The Census reported that 99. 3% of the lived in households and 0. 7% lived in non-institutionalized group quarters. There were 53 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 19 same-sex married couples or partnerships,359 households were made up of individuals and 210 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78, there were 2,371 families, the average family size was 3.02. The median age was 50.2 years, for every 100 females there were 97.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.4 males, there were 3,001 housing units at an average density of 341.0 per square mile, of which 2,582 were owner-occupied, and 247 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1. 2%, the vacancy rate was 4. 2%. 7,162 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 707 people lived in housing units. As of the census of 2000, there were 7,902 people,2,740 households, the population density was 917.2 people per square mile
Los Altos Hills, California
–
Westwind Community Barn
Los Altos Hills, California
–
Logo
Los Altos Hills, California
–
Standard entrance sign.
Los Altos Hills, California
–
A typical off-road pathway in Los Altos Hills.
34.
Los Gatos, California
–
Los Gatos is an incorporated U. S. town in Santa Clara County, California. The population is 30,391 according to the 2013 United States Census Bureau, according to Bloomberg Businessweek, Los Gatos is ranked the 33rd wealthiest city in the United States. It is located in the San Francisco Bay Area at the southwest corner of San Jose in the foothills of the Santa Cruz Mountains, Los Gatos is part of Silicon Valley, with several high technology companies maintaining a presence there. Los Gatos is Spanish for the cats, the name has been anglicized to /lɔːs ˈɡætəs/ lawss-GAT-əs, although one also hears pronunciations truer to the original Spanish, /loʊsˈɡɑːtoʊs/ lohss-GAH-tohss. The towns founding dates to the mid-1850s with the building of an operation, Forbes Mill. The mills two-story stone storage annex has been preserved as a museum just off of Main Street, the settlement that was established in the 1860s was originally named for the mill, but the name was changed to Los Gatos after the Spanish land grant. The town was incorporated in 1887 and remained an important town for the industry in the Santa Cruz Mountains through the end of the 19th century. In the early 20th century, the became a thriving agricultural town with apricots. By the 1920s, the Los Gatos area had a reputation as an arts colony, attracting painters, musicians, writers, actors. Along with much of the Santa Clara Valley, Los Gatos became a community for San Jose beginning in the 1950s. Downtown Los Gatos has retained and restored many of its Victorian-era homes, a number of brick buildings in Downtown Los Gatos were destroyed or seriously damaged in the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, though the district was quickly rebuilt and has made a full recovery. Recently the Main Street Bridge has emulated the Ponte des Artes bridge in Paris by displaying love locks for anniversaries, transport by rail was an early aspect of Los Gatos. The South Pacific Coast Railroad, a popular line from Alameda to Santa Cruz in the late 19th century. Southern Pacific took over this line in 1887, Los Gatos was also near the Southern Pacific resort town of Holy City, along the rail line in the Santa Cruz Mountains. The last Southern Pacific passenger train to Santa Cruz left Los Gatos in March 1940. there was also a streetcar-type rail line with service to Saratoga and San Jose. Streetcar service via the Peninsular Railway started about 1905 and ended about 1933, San Francisco commuter trains continued into downtown until 1959, and Vasona Junction until 1964. The site of the old station is now occupied by Town Plaza. Between 1891 and 1929 about 20 oil wells were drilled in and around Los Gatos, starting a minor oil-drilling boom
Los Gatos, California
–
La Cañada Building
Los Gatos, California
–
Seal
Los Gatos, California
–
Los Gatos High School.
Los Gatos, California
–
St. Mary of the Immaculate Conception Catholic Church
35.
Milpitas, California
–
Milpitas /mɪlˈpiːtəs/ is a city in Santa Clara County, California. It is located with San Jose to its south and Fremont to its north, at the end of State Route 237. With Alameda County bordering directly on the north, Milpitas sits in the extreme northeast section of the South Bay, bordering the East Bay, Milpitas is also located within the Silicon Valley. The corporate headquarters of Maxtor, LSI Corporation, Adaptec, Intersil, FireEye, Viavi and Lumentum, KLA-Tencor, SanDisk, Flex and Cisco also have offices in Milpitas. The population was 66,790 at the 2010 census, Milpitas was first inhabited by the Tamyen, a linguistic subgroup of the Muwekma Ohlone people who had resided in the San Francisco Bay Area for thousands of years. The Ohlone Indians lived a life based on everyday hunting and gathering. Some of the Ohlone lived in villages within what is now Milpitas, including sites underneath what are now the Calvary Assembly of God Church. Archaeological evidence gathered from Ohlone graves at the Elmwood Correctional Facility in 1993 revealed a rich trade with tribes from Sacramento to Monterey. During the Spanish expeditions of the late 18th century, several missions were founded in the San Francisco Bay Area, during the mission period, Milpitas served as a crossroads between Mission San José de Guadalupe in modern-day Fremont and Mission Santa Clara de Asis, in present Santa Clara. Jose Maria Alviso was the son of Francisco Xavier Alviso and Maria Bojorquez, both landowners had built prominent adobe homes on their properties. Today, both still exist and are the oldest structures in Milpitas. The seriously eroded walls of the Jose Higuera Adobe, now in Higuera Adobe Park, are encapsulated in a shell built c.1970 by Marian Weller. The Alviso Adobe can be mostly in its original form with one kitchen addition made by the Cuciz family after they purchased the adobe from the Gleason family in 1922. Alviso Adobe History Park is to be opened, after the restoration of the adobe and outbuildings is completed, as an educational museum with historic items, trees, buildings. In the 1850s, large numbers of Americans of English, German, the Burnett, Rose, Dempsey, Jacklin, Trimble, Ayer, Parks, Wool, Weller, Minnis, and Evans are among the early settlers of Milpitas. These early settlers farmed the land that was once the ranchos, some set up businesses on what was then called Mission Road between Calaveras Road and the Alviso-Milpitas Road. By the late 20th century this became known as the Midtown district. Yet another influx of immigration came in the 1870s and 1880s as Portuguese sharecroppers from the Azores came to farm the Milpitas hillsides, many of the Azoreans had such locally well-known surnames like Coelho, Covo, Mattos, Nunes, Spangler, Serpa, and Silva
Milpitas, California
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Milpitas City Hall
Milpitas, California
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Jose Maria Alviso Adobe, ca. 1920
Milpitas, California
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Monument Peak is the most visible landmark in Milpitas and has long been a symbol of Milpitas. (Click on the image for a detailed description)
Milpitas, California
–
The new Milpitas Library (2009) integrates the historic
Milpitas Grammar School building (1915).
36.
Monte Sereno, California
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Monte Sereno is a city in Santa Clara County, California, USA. The population was 3,341 at the 2010 census, the city is located in the foothills of the Santa Cruz Mountains, about 10 miles southwest of San Jose, immediately northwest of Los Gatos, and southeast of Saratoga. The city is named for the 2, 580-foot El Sereno Mountain, the community is entirely residential, with no commercial zoning and 99% single-family housing, and is an upscale Silicon Valley bedroom community. Monte Sereno shares the 95030 ZIP code with the town of Los Gatos, many municipal services are provided under contract by Los Gatos. The Monte Sereno area was part of the 1839 Alta California land grant of Rancho Rinconada de Los Gatos, the city incorporated on May 14,1957, to protect its semi-rural atmosphere. Its first Mayor was Retired Vice Admiral and former U. S, director of Naval Intelligence, Thomas B. John Steinbeck wrote The Grapes of Wrath and Of Mice and Men in a home at 16250 Greenwood Lane in what is now Monte Sereno. Beat generation figure Neal Cassady lived in a Monte Sereno ranch house in the 1950s, painter Thomas Kinkade lived in Monte Sereno in the later years of his life, which is also where he died. Monte Sereno is located at 37°14′17″N 121°59′22″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.6 square miles, all of it land. Saratoga-Los Gatos Road runs through the city, the El Sereno Open Space Preserve is immediately south of the city and covers the top and portions of the flanks of El Sereno mountain. The 2010 United States Census reported that Monte Sereno had a population of 3,341, the population density was 2,068.4 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Monte Sereno was 2,698 White,14 African American,12 Native American,464 Asian,0 Pacific Islander,28 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 162 persons. The Census reported that 100% of the lived in households. There were 14 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 8 same-sex married couples or partnerships,178 households were made up of individuals and 87 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.76, There were 1,002 families, the average family size was 3.05. The median age was 48.3 years, for every 100 females there were 96.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.2 males, the medi There were 1,287 housing units at an average density of 796.8 per square mile, of which 1,090 were owner-occupied, and 121 were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1. 3%, the vacancy rate was 5. 4%
Monte Sereno, California
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Jack Tramiel,
Polish -born businessman known for founding
Commodore International, died here.
Monte Sereno, California
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Location in
Santa Clara County and the state of
California
Monte Sereno, California
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Bodies of water
37.
Morgan Hill, California
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Morgan Hill is a city in Santa Clara County, California, at the southern tip of Silicon Valley, in the San Francisco Bay Area. Morgan Hill is a prominent dining, entertainment, and recreational destination in Silicon Valley, owing to its Michelin star chefs, luxury hospitality, nature parks, and wineries. Morgan Hill is among the most expensive places to live in within the United States, due to its concentration of wealth, prior to the arrival of Spanish colonists, the area of the Santa Clara Valley was inhabited by the Ohlone people for more than 6,000 years. In the area of what is now Morgan Hill, the Matalan tribe lived in a hunter-gatherer society, the location of their camp subsequently became a popular campsite for Spanish soldiers on their way from New Spain to Alta California. With the founding of Mission Santa Clara de Asís, in 1777, following Mexicos independence from Spain, land was redistributed to Mexican citizens across California and the land encompassing modern-day Morgan Hill was granted to Juan Maria Hernandez, in 1835. In 1845, Martin Murphy, Sr. an Irish-born American pioneer, acquired the area and named it Rancho Ojo del Agua de la Coche. In 1850, Martin Murphy, Sr. s youngest son, Daniel Murphy, married Maria Fisher, heiress of the neighboring 19, 000-acre Rancho Laguna Seca, by 1870, the Murphy family had acquired around 70,000 acres of the Morgan Hill area. In the history of Morgan Hill, the Murphy, Dunne, in 1882, Daniel and Maria Murphys favorite daughter, Diana Murphy, fell in love with Missouri businessman Hiram Morgan Hill. They married in secret, on account of his being a Quaker and her being from a prominent Roman Catholic family, when Daniel Murphy died, Diana and Hiram Morgan Hill inherited the 4,500 acres surrounding the original Murphy estate, near Murphys Peak. In 1884, the Hills built their estate, as the family primarily lived in San Francisco and in Nevada. By 1886, the family chose to live primarily at the Ojo del Agua estate, thus leaving their Ojo del Agua estate untouched for long periods of time. By 1898, a significant community had built around what was known as Morgan Hills Ranch. Rather than ask to stop at Huntington station, passengers would ask to stop at Morgan Hills Ranch, on November 10,1906, the planned community, a result of the divisions of C. H. Phillips, was incorporated as the Town of Morgan Hill. However, the baron was called back to France to serve in the military, in 1913, Hiram Morgan Hill died at his Elko estate in Nevada, thus leaving his properties to his daughter. Morgan Hill is approximately 39 km south of downtown San Jose,21 km north of Gilroy, lying in a roughly 6 km-wide southern extension of the Santa Clara Valley, it is bounded by the Santa Cruz Mountains to the west and the Diablo Range to the east. At the valley floor, Morgan Hill lies at an elevation of about 107 m above MSL, according to the U. S. Census Bureau, the city encompasses an area of 12.9 square miles, all land. Administered by the Santa Clara County Department of Parks and Recreation, Morgan Hill is located within the seismically active San Francisco Bay region. The significant earthquakes in the region are associated with crustal movements along well-defined
Morgan Hill, California
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El Toro in August 2007
Morgan Hill, California
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Students
saluting the flag at the Morgan Hill Elementary School in the 1930s.
Morgan Hill, California
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View of Morgan Hill from the western hills, near El Toro
Morgan Hill, California
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Morgan Hill and El Toro, in the southern Santa Clara Valley.
38.
Mountain View, California
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Mountain View is a city located in Santa Clara County, California, United States, named for its views of the Santa Cruz Mountains. From its origins as a stop, it grew to a large suburb with a pedestrian-friendly downtown, free wi-fi. The city borders Palo Alto and the San Francisco Bay to the north, Los Altos to the south, situated in the southern end of the San Francisco Peninsula in the San Francisco Bay Area, Mountain View is home to many high technology companies. In 1956, Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory, the first company to develop silicon semiconductor devices in what came to be known as Silicon Valley, was established in the city by William Shockley. Today, many of the largest technology companies in the world are headquartered in the city, including Google, Mozilla Foundation, Symantec, and Intuit. The original Byte Shop computer store was opened at 1063 El Camino Real, Mountain View by Paul Terrell, the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority integrates the city with the neighboring cities of Palo Alto, Los Altos, and Sunnyvale. The Mexican land grant of Rancho Pastoria de las Borregas was given in 1842 by Alta California Governor Juan Alvarado to Francisco Estrada. This grant was passed on to Mariano Castro, who sold half of the land to Martin Murphy, Jr. Eventually. First known as the center of Fremont Twp. before the first California 1852 census. Which meant that it was a predecessor to Mayfield and Palo Alto, Mountain View Station, officially named in 1864, had its beginnings earlier as a stagecoach stop on the route between San Francisco and San Jose, including the Butterfield Overland Mail. & El Camino Real of today, was closer to what was once the town center. The early pioneers were buried at the old cemetery between Mercy & Church, off Castro Street, now the present city Library and park. Reverend Henry Merrill Henderson, born in Maryland, age 35, arrived in Spring of 1852, with his family to meet with relatives Ricketts and he was the first Baptist minister in town and soon was going by horse to Half-Moon Bay, and McCartersville for services. His next-door neighbor arrived later that year, Seligman Weilheimer and brother Samuel from Dossenheim, Baden, Germany, who built at that property, the Fremont twp. population was about 560 by 1860, less Mayfield Post office section, which began north of present San Antonio Road. The towns early growth was due to agriculture, William Bubb later being a figure, buying 80 acres to farm in October 1851. His heirs expanded and intermarried in the area, agriculture remained the primary industry into the middle of the 20th century. The U. S. Navys adjacent 1000 acre Moffet Field Complex began after 1931, after World War II, the population grew significantly with the development of the aerospace and electronics industries. Between 1950 and 1960, the population grew from 6,563 to 30,889, today, high technology is the foundation of the local economy, and there exist few remnants of the citys agricultural past
Mountain View, California
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City Hall and the Center for the Performing Arts in the Downtown area
Mountain View, California
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The
Historic Adobe Building was constructed as a
Works Progress Administration project in 1934.
Mountain View, California
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Mountain View City Hall
Mountain View, California
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Mountain View Fire Station Number 1
39.
Palo Alto, California
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Palo Alto is a charter city located in the northwest corner of Santa Clara County, California, in the San Francisco Bay Area of the United States. The city shares its borders with East Palo Alto, Mountain View, Los Altos, Los Altos Hills, Stanford, Portola Valley and it is named after a coast redwood tree called El Palo Alto. Palo Alto was established by Leland Stanford Sr. when he founded Stanford University, following the death of his son and it has also served as an incubator to several other high-technology companies such as Google, Facebook, Logitech, Intuit, Pinterest, and PayPal. As of the 2010 census, the total resident population is 64,403. Palo Alto is one of the most expensive cities in the United States, the recorded history of Palo Alto dates back to 1769, when Gaspar de Portolá noted an Ohlone settlement. This remains an area of known Indian mounds, a plaque at Middlefield Road and Embarcadero Road commemorates the area. The city got its name from a tall coast redwood tree, named El Palo Alto, a plaque there recounts the story of the Portolà expedition, a 63-man, 200-horse expedition from San Diego to Monterey from November 7–11,1769. The group overshot Monterey in the fog and when they reached modern-day Pacifica, they ascended Sweeney Ridge, thinking the bay was too wide to cross, the group retraced their journey to Monterey, never becoming aware of the Golden Gate entrance to the Bay. Located south of the San Francisquito Creek, west of todays I-280, in 1835, Rafael Soto and family settled near the San Francisquito Creek near Newell and Middlefield, selling goods to travelers. Rafael Soto died in 1839, but his wife, Maria Antonia Mesa, was granted Rancho Rinconada del Arroyo de San Francisquito in 1841, in 1839, their daughter María Luisa Soto married John Coppinger, who was the grantee of Rancho Cañada de Raymundo. Rancho Cañada de Raymundo was West of San Francisquito Creek, and began at Alambique Creek, the border of Rancho Corte de Madera. Bear Gulch Creek flowed on his land in Portola Valley, the rancho also abutted Buelnas grant near Skyline Boulevard and Matadero Creek. Upon Coppingers death, Maria inherited it and later married a visiting boat captain, Greer owned a home on the site that is now Town & Country Village on Embarcadero and El Camino Real. Greer Avenue and Court are named for him, to the west of Rafael Soto, near El Camino and following the Creek, was Rancho San Francisquito granted in 1839 to Antonio Buelna and wife Maria Concepcion. To the south of the Sotos, the brothers Secundino and Teodoro Robles in 1849 bought Rancho Rincon de San Francisquito from José Peña, where the Joness house was, then east down Arastradero Rd. to the north property line of Alta Mesa Memorial Park and Terman Park. The property then went along the bay to the Embarcadero, a boundary in the day, then up to the Stanford University gates, up Galvez. The grant was bounded on the south by Mariano Castros Rancho Pastoria de las Borregas grant across San Antonio Road, thats the Robles Rancho, about 80% of Palo Alto and Stanford University. It was whittled down by 1863 through courts to 6,981 acres, stories say their grand hacienda was built on the former meager adobe of José Peña near Ferne off San Antonio Road, midway between Middlefield and Alma Street
Palo Alto, California
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Palo Alto
Palo Alto, California
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University Avenue at the Circle with train steaming toward El Palo Alto, 1894
Palo Alto, California
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Guinda Street in Palo Alto
Palo Alto, California
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Fog from the Pacific rolling over the Foothills
40.
Saratoga, California
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Saratoga /ˌsærəˈtoʊɡə/ is a city in Santa Clara County, California, United States. It is located on the west side of the Santa Clara Valley, directly west of San Jose, the population was 29,926 at the 2010 census. Located on the Western edge of the Silicon Valley, Saratoga is known locally for its suburban feel, wineries. Major attractions of Saratoga include Villa Montalvo, Hakone Gardens, the 2016 Coldwell Banker Home Listing Report listed Saratoga as the most expensive housing market in the United States. In 2010 Bloomberg Businessweek named Saratoga the most expensive suburb in California. In 2008 CNN/Money ranked Saratoga number 4 in its listing of top-earning towns, Saratoga also was ranked by Forbes in 2009 as one of Americas top 20 most-educated small towns. Bloomberg Businessweek also named Saratogas zip code 95070 the 18th richest zip code in America in 2011 and this area was already discovered by the Natives Americans. An early map noted the area as Campbells Gap, in 1851 Martin McCarthy, who had leased the mill, built a toll road down to the Santa Clara Valley, and founded what is now Saratoga as McCarthysville. The toll gate was located at the present day intersection of Big Basin Way and 3rd St. giving the town its first widely used name, in 1867 the town received a post office under the name of McCarthysville. Saratoga in 1906 Industry soon sprang up and at its pinnacle the town had a factory, grist mill, tannery. To commemorate this newfound productivity the town was renamed again in 1863 as Bank Mills, in the 1850s Jud Caldwell discovered springs which were called Pacific Congress Springs because the water had a mineral content similar to Congress Springs, in Saratoga Springs, New York. In 1865 the town received its name, Saratoga, after the city in New York. At the same time a hotel called Congress Hall was constructed at the springs, named after the famous resort Congress Hall at Saratoga Springs. Californias Congress Hall attracted tourists to the area until it burned down in 1903 and these events would eventually lead to Saratoga being listed as a California Historical Landmark in 1950. Saratoga became agricultural, as did much of the rest of the valley, after World War II the town quickly became urbanized, and it incorporated in 1956 mostly to avoid being annexed to San Jose. A slogan during the campaign to incorporate the city of Saratoga was Keep it rural, today the city serves as a bedroom community for upper-middle class Silicon Valley tech workers. Saratoga is a general law city under California law, meaning that the organization and it has a council-manager form of government. The city council is made up of five elected by the public. The council appoints a mayor and vice-mayor from its membership, with the serving in the absence of the mayor
Saratoga, California
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Memorial Arch in downtown Saratoga
Saratoga, California
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Downtown Saratoga, facing southwest at the intersection of Saratoga-Los Gatos Blvd. (to the southeast) and Saratoga Ave (the road on which this picture is taken from) and Big Basin Way/
State Route 9 (ahead), and Saratoga-Sunnyvale road (to the north)
Saratoga, California
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Main street through Saratoga.
Saratoga, California
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Hakone Gardens
41.
Sunnyvale, California
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Sunnyvale is a city located in Santa Clara County, California. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 140,095, Sunnyvale is the seventh most populous city in the San Francisco Bay Area and one of the major cities comprising Silicon Valley. It lies along the historic El Camino Real and Highway 101, Sunnyvale was also the home to Onizuka Air Force Station, often referred to as the Blue Cube due to the color and shape of its windowless main building. The facility, previously known as Sunnyvale Air Force Station, was named for the deceased Space Shuttle Challenger astronaut Ellison Onizuka and it served as an artificial satellite control facility of the United States armed forces until August 2010 and has since been decommissioned and demolished. Library services for the city are provided by the Sunnyvale Public Library, when the Spanish first arrived in the 1770s at the Santa Clara Valley, it was heavily populated by the Ohlone Native Americans. In 1777, Mission Santa Clara was built by Ohlone who converted to Christianity, in 1842, Rancho Pastoria de las Borregas was granted to Francisco Estrada and his wife Inez Castro. Portions of the land given in this grant later developed into the cities of Mountain View, two years later, in 1844, another land grant was provided to Lupe Yñigo, one of the few Native Americans to hold land grants. His land grant was first called Rancho Posolmi, named in honor of a village of the Ohlone that once stood in the area, Rancho Posolmi was later known as Rancho Ynigo. Martin Murphy Jr. came to California with his father as part of the Stephens-Townsend-Murphy Party in 1844, in 1850, Martin Murphy Jr. bought a piece of Rancho Pastoria de las Borregas for $12,500. Murphy established a farm and ranch named Bay View. Murphy had the first wood frame house in Santa Clara County, the house was demolished in 1961 but was reconstructed in 2008 as the Sunnyvale Heritage Park Museum. When he died in 1884, his land was divided among his heirs, in 1860, The San Francisco and San Jose Rail Road was allowed to lay tracks on Bay View and established Murphy Station. Lawrence Station was later established on the edge of Bay View. In the 1870s, county property tax laws, imports and soil degradation caused wheat farming to become uneconomical in Santa Clara County, small fruit orchards replaced the large wheat farms. In 1871, James and Eloise Dawson established the first fruit cannery in the county, fruit agriculture for canning soon became a major industry in the county. The invention of the rail car further increased the viability of an economy based upon fruit. The fruit orchards became so prevalent that in 1886, the San Jose Board of Trade called Santa Clara County the Garden of the World, in the 1880s, Chinese workers made up 48 percent of the farm labor in Santa Clara County. This percentage reduced over time after the Chinese Exclusion Act was passed, in the following decade, the 1890s, multitudes of immigrants from Italy, the Azores, Portugal, and Japan arrived to work in the orchards
Sunnyvale, California
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South Murphy Avenue
Sunnyvale, California
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Libby Water Tower, a heritage landmark in Sunnyvale.
Sunnyvale, California
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Standard marker at city entrances
Sunnyvale, California
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Yahoo! headquarters
42.
Fremont, California
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Fremont is a city in Alameda County, California, United States. It was incorporated on January 23,1956, from the merger of five communities, Centerville, Niles, Irvington, Mission San Jose. The city is named after American explorer John Charles Frémont, located in the southeast section of the San Francisco Bay Area in the East Bay region primarily, Fremont has a population of around 230,000. It is the fourth most populous city in the San Francisco Bay Area, and it is the closest East Bay city to Silicon Valley, and is thus sometimes associated with it. The area consisting of Fremont, Newark, and Union City, is now known as the Tri-City Area, Fremont is home to the largest population of Afghan Americans in the United States. The recorded history of the Fremont area began on June 6,1795, the Mission was established at the site of the Ohlone village of Oroysom. On their second day in the area, the Mission party killed a bear in Niles Canyon. The first English-speaking visitor to Fremont was the renowned trapper and explorer Jedediah Smith in 1827, the Mission prospered, eventually reaching a population of 1,887 inhabitants in 1831. The influence of the missionaries declined after 1834, when the Mexican government enacted secularization, José de Jesus Vallejo, brother of Mariano Vallejo, was the grantee of the Rancho Arroyo de la Alameda Mexican land grant. His family was influential in the Fremont area in the colonial era. In 1846 they were visited by the towns namesake John C, Frémont, who mapped a trail through Mission Pass to provide access for American settlers into the southeastern San Francisco Bay Area. The Fremont area grew rapidly at the time of the California Gold Rush, a town called Mission San Jose grew up around the old mission, with its own post office from 1850. Agriculture dominated the economy with grapes, nursery plants and olives as leading crops, in 1868 the 6. 8-magnitude Hayward earthquake on the Hayward Fault collapsed buildings throughout the Fremont area, ruining Mission San José and its outbuildings. Until the 1906 San Francisco earthquake caused its destruction, the Fremont areas Palmdale Winery was the largest in California, the ruins of the Palmdale Winery are still visible near the Five Corners in Irvington. From 1912 to 1915 the Niles section of the Fremont area was the earliest home of Californias motion picture industry, Charlie Chaplin filmed several movies in the Fremont area, most notably The Tramp. Fremont was incorporated under the leadership of Wally Pond in 1956, when the Glenmoor Gardens Homeowners Association was incorporated, in March 1953, there were no more than 75 houses in the subdivision. It was probably the first such organization in the Fremont area, in its scope, the five-member board of directors was set up to oversee a full range of services, from police and fire protection to street maintenance. Fremont became more industrialized between 1953 and 1962, a boom in high-tech employment in the 1980s to the late 1990s, especially in the Warm Springs District, caused rapid development in the city and linked the city with the Silicon Valley
Fremont, California
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A view of Mission Peak from
Fremont Central Park
Fremont, California
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Niles Art Walk 2005.
Fremont, California
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The main facade of the restored 1809 Mission San José chapel
Fremont, California
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Lake Elizabeth of Fremont Central Park
43.
Highway 17 Express
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The service is so called because it travels on California State Route 17. It is operated by the Santa Cruz Metropolitan Transit District, the bus service is a consolidation of corridor-based commuter service between Santa Cruz and job centers in the Silicon Valley, with more limited service beyond Santa Cruz to Soquel. During the week the service extends beyond Diridon Station with direct service to downtown San Jose, one-way fare is $7.00, with half-price fare available for seniors and disabled riders. A day pass that is good for all VTA bus. The VTA EcoPass Express is good for travel on the Highway 17 Express service, most buses are equipped with bike racks capable of holding three bicycles. Currently, up to two bicycles are allowed inside the bus in the used to secure disabled passengers contained within mobility devices, at the coach operators discretion. The service is financed and operated by and benefits Amtrak, Capitol Corridor, VTA, a temporary commuter express bus service started after landslides from the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake closed Highway 17. At this time the route spanned from Scotts Valley to Santa Clara, in response to the needs of a loyal group of riders, Santa Cruz Metro continued the service after Highway 17 reopened. When service was consolidated with Amtrak Thruway Motorcoach in 2004, the route was extended to the center in downtown Santa Cruz. Caltrans anticipated a ridership of 7,000 riders per month at the end of 2004, in December 2007, free wifi service was added to all Highway 17 Express buses. In February 2015, Santa Cruz Metro reported 31,102 total riders,1,239 on the average weekday, Amtrak Thruway Motorcoach Capitol Corridor VTA Santa Cruz Metro and Fares Highway 17 Express on LocalWiki Trainweb
Highway 17 Express
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Bike rack on an
Amtrak Thruway Motorcoach Highway 17 Express bus, holding a bike in one of three slots.
44.
Santa Cruz, California
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Santa Cruz is the county seat and largest city of Santa Cruz County, California. As of 2013 the U. S. Census Bureau estimated Santa Cruzs population at 62,864, Santa Cruz is known for its moderate climate, the natural beauty of its coastline, redwood forests, alternative community lifestyles, and socially liberal leanings. The present-day site of Santa Cruz was the location of Spanish settlement beginning in 1791, including Mission Santa Cruz, following the Mexican–American War of 1846–48, California became the 31st state in 1850. The City of Santa Cruz was incorporated in 1866 and chartered in April 1876, important early industries included lumber, gunpowder, lime and agriculture. Late in the 19th century, Santa Cruz established itself as a resort community. Prior to the arrival of Spanish soldiers, missionaries and colonists in the late 18th century, the diverse and numerous tribes of this region were also earlier referred to by the Spanish as Coastanoan. The term Ohlone has been used in place of Costanoan since the 1970s by some descendant groups and by most ethnographers, historians, and writers of popular literature. Awaswa was one of the eight Coastanoan languages and made up a tribe of Native Americas living in Western Santa Cruz County, the Awaswas tribe was made up of no more than one thousand people and their language is now extinct. The only remnants of their language are three local place names, Aptos, Soquel and Zayante, and the name of a native shellfish - abalone. The majority of Ohlone or Coastanoan tribes had no written language, within fifty years of the Spaniards arrival, the Ohlone or Coastanoan culture and way of life had virtually disappeared in the Bay area. The party forded the river and camped nearby on October 17,1769, franciscan missionary Juan Crespi, traveling with the expedition, noted in his diary that, This river was named San Lorenzo. Next morning, the set out again, and Crespi noted that. Santa Cruz was the mission to be founded in California. The creek, however, later lost the name, and is today as Laurel Creek because it parallels Laurel Street. It is the feeder of Neary Lagoon. One of only three towns established in California during the Spanish colonial period, the Villa was located across the San Lorenzo River. Its original main street is now North Branciforte Avenue, Villa de Branciforte later lost its civic status, and in 1905 the area was annexed into the City of Santa Cruz. In the 1820s, newly independent Mexico assumed control of the area, following the secularization of the Mission in 1834, the community that had grown up around the Mission was renamed Pueblo de Figueroa
Santa Cruz, California
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The "Town Clock" tower at the head of Pacific Avenue
Santa Cruz, California
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Seal
Santa Cruz, California
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A surfer near Santa Cruz
Santa Cruz, California
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Sign outside restaurant.
45.
Dumbarton Express
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Dumbarton Express is a regional public transit service in the San Francisco Bay Area connecting Alameda, San Mateo, and Santa Clara Counties via the Dumbarton Bridge. The Transbay bus service is provided under a consortium of five transit operators, Dumbarton Express is administered by AC Transit. It was also operated by AC Transit through 16 December 2011, AC Transit also operates bus service across the Dumbarton Bridge on Route U, which connects Fremont BART and Stanford University. Route U is not part of the Dumbarton Express system, Dumbarton Express serves the cities of Menlo Park, Newark, Palo Alto, and Union City. Service is provided to two transit hubs, Palo Alto Caltrain, Union City BART. As of 12 December 2012, Dumbarton Express operates two bus lines, Dumbarton Express has an open door policy that allows local service in the East Bay and Peninsula. Fares can be paid with cash and Clipper cards, note, Local travel is within the East Bay or Peninsula, Transbay travel is across the Dumbarton Bridge. Dumbarton Express accepts transfers and passes from several connecting transit agencies for full or partial fare, VTA Express Eco Passes and AC Transit Transbay 31-Day Passes are accepted as full Transbay fare. As of 1 January 2013, BART Plus tickets are not accepted, transfers issued by Dumbarton Express are valid for 2 hours and are accepted by AC Transit, SamTrans, Union City Transit, and VTA. Union City Transit has a $0.25 surcharge, payable on board Union City Transit, transfers to SamTrans are valid only for passengers using Clipper cards. List of AC Transit routes serving the Dumbarton Bridge The Dumbarton Express
Dumbarton Express
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Dumbarton Express
46.
Union City, California
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Incorporated on January 13,1959, combining the communities of Alvarado, New Haven, and Decoto, the city has over 72,000 residents today and very diverse population. Alvarado is a California Historical Landmark, the city celebrated its 50th Anniversary in 2009. The Cities of Fremont, Newark, and Union City make up the Tri-City Area to the south. The larger City of Hayward surrounds the city to the north, the Tri-City Area hosts many local events, along with programs for the youth. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 19 square miles. The Niles Cone aquifer, managed by the Alameda County Water District, the 2010 United States Census reported that Union City had a population of 69,516. The population density was 3,570.6 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Union City was 16,640 White,4,402 Black,329 Native American,35,363 Asian,892 Pacific Islander,7,253 from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 15,895 persons. The Census reported that 68,998 people lived in households,422 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 856 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 128 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 2,740 households were made up of individuals and 1,002 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 3.38. There were 16,677 families, the family size was 3.69. The median age was 36.2 years, for every 100 females there were 97.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.8 males. There were 21,258 housing units at a density of 1,091.9 per square mile, of which 13,580 were owner-occupied. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1. 5%, the vacancy rate was 5. 3%. 46,272 people lived in owner-occupied housing units and 22,726 people lived in housing units. As of 2014 the median price of a house in Union City is over $500,000. As of 2000 the population was 66,869 and 15,696 families residing in Union City, the population density was 3,473.0 inhabitants per square mile. There were 18,877 housing units at a density of 980.4 per square mile
Union City, California
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Union City Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) station
Union City, California
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Seal
Union City, California
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The center, two-story building, is the original courthouse
Union City, California
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Bodies of water
47.
Stanford University
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Stanford University, officially Leland Stanford Junior University, is a private research university in Stanford, California, adjacent to Palo Alto and between San Jose and San Francisco. Its 8, 180-acre campus is one of the largest in the United States, Stanford also has land and facilities elsewhere. The university was founded in 1885 by Leland and Jane Stanford in memory of their only child, Stanford was a former Governor of California and U. S. Senator, he made his fortune as a railroad tycoon. The school admitted its first students 125 years ago on October 1,1891, Stanford University struggled financially after Leland Stanfords death in 1893 and again after much of the campus was damaged by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. Following World War II, Provost Frederick Terman supported faculty and graduates entrepreneurialism to build self-sufficient local industry in what would later be known as Silicon Valley. The university is one of the top fundraising institutions in the country. There are three schools that have both undergraduate and graduate students and another four professional schools. Students compete in 36 varsity sports, and the university is one of two institutions in the Division I FBS Pac-12 Conference. Stanford faculty and alumni have founded a number of companies that produce more than $2.7 trillion in annual revenue. It is the alma mater of 30 living billionaires,17 astronauts and it is also one of the leading producers of members of the United States Congress. Sixty Nobel laureates and seven Fields Medalists have been affiliated with Stanford as students, alumni, Stanford University was founded in 1885 by Leland and Jane Stanford, dedicated to Leland Stanford Jr, their only child. The institution opened in 1891 on Stanfords previous Palo Alto farm, despite being impacted by earthquakes in both 1906 and 1989, the campus was rebuilt each time. In 1919, The Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace was started by Herbert Hoover to preserve artifacts related to World War I, the Stanford Medical Center, completed in 1959, is a teaching hospital with over 800 beds. The SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, which was established in 1962, in 2008, 60% of this land remained undeveloped. Besides the central campus described below, the university also operates at more remote locations, some elsewhere on the main campus. Stanfords main campus includes a place within unincorporated Santa Clara County. The campus also includes land in unincorporated San Mateo County, as well as in the city limits of Menlo Park, Woodside. The academic central campus is adjacent to Palo Alto, bounded by El Camino Real, Stanford Avenue, Junipero Serra Boulevard, the United States Postal Service has assigned it two ZIP codes,94305 for campus mail and 94309 for P. O. box mail
Stanford University
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Leland Stanford, the university's founder, as painted by
Jean-Louis-Ernest Meissonier in 1881 and now on display at the
Cantor Center
Stanford University
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Seal of Stanford University
Stanford University
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Statue of the Stanford family, by
Larkin G. Mead (1899)
Stanford University
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The ruins of the unfinished Stanford Library after the
1906 San Francisco earthquake
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List of Santa Clara VTA bus routes
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The following is a list of Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority bus routes. Route numbers are classified as follows, Lines 1-99 are standard bus and community bus routes and these lines serve a smaller area, such as connecting transit centers to the surrounding community or Downtown San Jose to nearby neighborhoods. Lines 100-199 are express services and primarily operate during peak periods only and these lines operate express mainly on freeways and provide fewer stops than local services, mainly at train stations and major transfer points in Santa Clara County. These also charge higher fares than standard bus routes, Lines 200-299 are city light rail shuttles mainly operating along the systems light rail lines. Lines 300-399 are limited-stop routes that feature fewer stops than standard bus routes and these services operate mainly during peak periods only. Local fares apply to limited-stop lines, Lines 500-599 are bus rapid transit routes. Lines 800-899 are suburban light rail and commuter rail shuttles that operate mainly during peak periods and these lines operate mainly out of Great America ACE/Amtrak Station and Santa Teresa LRT and serve nearby high-tech businesses and industrial parks. Lines 900-999 are intercity routes operated in conjunction with other agencies and these lines use shuttle vehicles, similar to those used by DASH. Many of these operate on weekdays except holidays unless noted otherwise. Six routes run daily, including holidays, Santa Clara VTA operates numerous bus lines that operate on most major thoroughfares throughout Santa Clara County. Several of these lines converge at key points, including Downtown San Jose. Some lines also provide connecting services to other agencies, including AC Transit, Dumbarton Express, Monterey-Salinas Transit. Included in this listing are VTAs limited-stop and bus transit services. Currently, the VTA operates one line that is a precursor to Bus Rapid Transit service and this service operates along one of Santa Clara Countys major commercial corridors, El Camino Real, between Palo Alto and East San Jose. On January 6,2014, VTA expanded the Rapid 522 hours on weekdays and Saturdays to end at approximately 10,30 pm while introducing a new Sunday schedule operating between 9 am and 6 pm. This service operates daily, for service outside of operating hours, on line maps, it is colored dark blue with red border. It will mirror the current local Line 23 and limited-stop Line 323 and these services basically operate weekdays only, mostly during peak periods. South of the parks, buses operate in a skip-stop pattern, stopping at major intersections that provide connections to other bus
List of Santa Clara VTA bus routes
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Management
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Foothill College
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Foothill College is a community college located in Los Altos Hills, California and is part of the Foothill–De Anza Community College District. It was founded on January 15,1957 by Founding Superintendent and President Dr. Calvin C, the college offers 79 Associate degree programs and 107 certificate programs. In 2015 it was named one of Californias best community colleges, in July 1956, Palo Alto Unified School District Superintendent Henry M. Gunn called a meeting of local school superintendents that led to the creation of Foothill College. Calvin Flint, then President of Monterey Peninsula College, was hired as the first District Superintendent and President, he started work on March 1,1958. Candidates for the new name, besides Foothill, were Peninsula, Junipero Serra, Mid-Peninsula, Earl Warren, Herbert Hoover, North Santa Clara, Altos, Valley, Skyline, Highland. At first the name was Foothill Junior College, but because Flint insisted that his new college would be not junior to anyone, Foothill held its first classes in the old Highway School campus on El Camino Real in Mountain View on September 15,1958. It was accredited by March of the year and was the first school in the state to ever reach full accreditation in less than six months. The owl mascot originated from an owl that was a decoration on the Highway Schools bell tower. The campus was designed by architect Ernest Kump and landscape architects Hideo Sasaki and Peter Walker, the Foothill College was intended as a junior college for 3,500 full-time students, within the 122-acre campus, the first of many junior colleges built after World Wall II in California. Soon after its completion, Foothill was widely recognized as a pioneer, traditionally, Foothill serves the communities of Los Altos Hills, Los Altos, Mountain View, and Palo Alto, together these communities form the northwest corner of Silicon Valley. The college sits next to Interstate 280, at the interchange with El Monte Road, in 2003, to accommodate nearly 14,000 students on a campus designed for 3,500, the college began renovating almost the entire campus, including demolition and replacement of unsafe buildings. Two of the new buildings in the campus complex have green roofs topped with grass. In 2002, a campus was opened on the site of the former Cubberley High School in Palo Alto. The new center will accommodate more than 1,600 students, Foothill College is accredited by the Accrediting Commission for Community & Junior Colleges of the Western Association of Schools and Colleges. This organization is recognized by the Council on Higher Education Accreditation and the U. S. Department of Education. Dr. Calvin C. Flint Dr. Hubert H. Semans Dr. James S. Fitzgerald Dr. Thomas H. Clements Dr. Bernadine Chuck Fong Dr. Penny Patz Dr. Judy Miner Dr. Kimberlee Messina Thuy Thi Nguyen, J. D. The district also administers De Anza College in nearby Cupertino, Foothill is a member of the Coast Conference of the California Community College Commission on Athletics and NorCal Football Conference. The school mascot is an owl, San Jose Clash, Colorado Rapids major league soccer, UCLA asst
Foothill College
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Foothill College
Foothill College
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Example of Foothill's campus architecture
Foothill College
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Foothill College entrance
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Eastridge Transit Center
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The Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority Eastridge Transit Center is a transit bus station located at Eastridge Mall in eastern San Jose, California. The station is located alongside Capitol Expressway near Tully Road, the following VTA bus routes operate from Eastridge. In March 2008, VTA announced that the state has awarded it $12.1 million for this project, vTAs plans mention the possibility of upgrading the system to light rail in the future. They have been planning such a light rail extension, contingent upon less-certain funding arrangements. Eastridge Transit Center, Valley Transportation Authority
Eastridge Transit Center
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Eastridge Transit Center
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