Saxon Wars
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The Saxon Wars were 32 years of campaigns and insurrections from 772, when Charlemagne first entered Saxony with the intent to conquer, to 804 when the last rebellion of tribesmen was defeated. In all
Charlemagne and the Saxons, A. de Neuville, c. 1869
Conversion of the Saxons, A. de Neuville, c. 1869
Charlemagne fighting the Saxons, from a 13th century miniature
Saxons
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The Saxons, sometimes called the Old Saxons or Continental Saxons, were a Germanic people of early medieval "Old" Saxony which became a Carolingian "stem duchy" in 804, in what is now northern Germany
Saxon Wars
…between the two kingdoms was Engria (or Engern), and to the north at the base of the Jutland peninsula was Nordalbingia. Despite repeated setbacks, the Saxons resisted steadfastly, returning to raid Charlemagne's domains as soon as he turned his attention elsewhere. Their main leader Widukind was a resilient…
The remains of a seax together with a reconstructed replica
The later stem duchy of Saxony (c. 1000 AD), which was based in the Saxons' traditional homeland bounded by the rivers Ems, Eider and Elbe
The Weser bones, 400–450 CE, were found on the lower Weser and are inscribed with images and Runes in a dialect probably ancestral to Old Saxon; individual bones show men attacking bulls and a Roman trading ship. The inscriptions may be curses.