Schlieren photography is a process for photographing optical inhomogeneities in transparent media that are not necessarily visible to the human eye, typically used to study fluid flow, like the flow o
A schlieren photograph showing the compression in front of an unswept wing at Mach 1.2
Shock waves produced by a T-38 Talon during flight using background-oriented schlieren
Schlieren image of the thermal plume from a burning candle, disturbed by a breeze from the right
Schlieren image showing the thermal convection plume rising from an ordinary candle in still air. This photograph clearly shows the transition from laminar to turbulent flow.
Shadowgraph is an optical method that reveals non-uniformities in transparent media like air, water, or glass. It is related to, but simpler than, the schlieren and schlieren photography methods that
Schlieren photography
…distort the collimated light beam. This distortion creates a spatial variation in the intensity of the light, which can be visualised directly with a shadowgraph system. Classical schlieren imaging systems appear in two configurations, using either one or two mirrors. In each case, a transparent object is…
prehistoric shadowgraphy sunlight shadowgram of a martini glass "focused" shadowgram of a common firecracker explosion "Edgerton" shadowgram of the firing of an AK-47 assault rifle
Shadowgram of the turbulent plume of hot air rising from a home-barbecue gas grill.
"Edgerton" shadowgraph of bullet in flight
Shadowgram of shock waves from a supersonic bullet fired from a rifle. The shadowgraph optical technique reveals that the bullet is moving at a Mach number of about 1.9. Left- and right-running bow waves and tail waves stream back from the bullet, and its turbulent wake is also visible. To the right of the frame are seen unburned powder particles from the cartridge, themselves traveling slightly subsonic so that each of them produces a curved bow shock wave.