Scotch whisky is malt whisky or grain whisky, made in Scotland. Scotch whisky must be made in a manner specified by law; as of 2018, there were 133 Scotch whisky distilleries operating in Scotland. All Scotch whisky was made from malted barley. Commercial distilleries began introducing whisky made from rye in the late 18th century. Scotch whisky is divided into five distinct categories: single malt Scotch whisky, single grain Scotch whisky, blended malt Scotch whisky, blended grain Scotch whisky, blended Scotch whisky. All Scotch whisky must be aged in oak barrels for at least three years. Any age statement on a bottle of Scotch whisky, expressed in numerical form, must reflect the age of the youngest whisky used to produce that product. A whisky with an age statement is known as guaranteed-age whisky. A whisky without an age statement is known as a no age statement whisky, the only guarantee being that all whisky contained in that bottle is at least three years old; the minimum bottling strength according to the regulation is 40% alcohol by volume.
The first known written mention of Scotch whisky is in the Exchequer Rolls of Scotland, 1494. Scotch whisky was known as aqua vitae, Latin for "water of life."Many Scotch whisky drinkers refer to a unit for drinking as a dram. As of 23 November 2009, the Scotch Whisky Regulations 2009 define and regulate the production, packaging as well as the advertising of Scotch whisky in the United Kingdom, they replace previous regulations that focussed on production, including the Scotch Whisky Act 1988. Since the previous act focussed on production standards, it was repealed and superseded by the 2009 Regulations; the SWR includes broader definitions and requirements for the crafting, labelling and selling of "Scotch Whisky". International trade agreements have the effect of making some provisions of the SWR apply in various other countries as well as in the UK; the SWR define "Scotch whisky" as whisky that is: Produced at a distillery in Scotland from water and malted barley all of which have been: Processed at that distillery into a mash Converted at that distillery to a fermentable substrate only by endogenous enzyme systems Fermented at that distillery only by adding yeast Distilled at an alcoholic strength by volume of less than 94.8% Wholly matured in an excise warehouse in Scotland in oak casks of a capacity not exceeding 700 litres for at least three years Retaining the colour and taste of the raw materials used in, the method of, its production and maturation Containing no added substances, other than water and plain caramel colouring Comprising a minimum alcoholic strength by volume of 40% A Scotch whisky label comprises several elements that indicate aspects of production, age and ownership.
Some of these elements are regulated by the SWR, some reflect tradition and marketing. The spelling of the term whisky is debated by journalists and consumers. Scottish, Welsh and Canadian whiskies use whisky, Irish whiskies use whiskey, while American and other styles vary in their spelling of the term; the label always features a declaration of the grain whiskies used. A single malt Scotch whisky is one, produced from malt in one distillery. One may encounter the term "single cask", signifying the bottling comes from one cask; the term "blended malt" signifies that single malt whisky from different distilleries are blended in the bottle. The Cardhu distillery began using the term "pure malt" for the same purpose, causing a controversy in the process over clarity in labelling—the Glenfiddich distillery was using the term to describe some single malt bottlings; as a result, the Scotch Whisky Association declared that a mixture of single malt whiskies must be labelled a "blended malt". The use of the former terms "vatted malt" and "pure malt" is prohibited.
The term "blended malt" is still debated, as some bottlers maintain that consumers confuse the term with "blended Scotch whisky", which contains some proportion of grain whisky. The brand name featured on the label is the same as the distillery name. Indeed, the SWR prohibit bottlers from using a distillery name. A bottler name may be listed, sometimes independent of the distillery. In addition to requiring that Scotch whisky be distilled in Scotland, the SWR require that it be bottled and labelled in Scotland. Labels may indicate the region of the distillery. Alcoholic strength is expressed on the label with "Alcohol By Volume" or sometimes "Vol". Bottled whisky is between 40% and 46% ABV. Whisky is stronger when first emerging from the cask—normally 60–63% ABV. Water is added to create the desired bottling strength. If the whisky is not diluted before bottling, it can be labelled as cask strength. A whisky's age may be listed on the bottle providing a guarantee of the youngest whisky used. An age statement on the bottle, in the form of a number, must reflect the age of the youngest whisky used to produce that product.
A whisky with an age statement is known as guaranteed age whisky. Scotch whisky without an age statement may, by law, be as young as three years old. In the early 21st century, such "No age statement" whiskies have become more common, as distilleries respond to the depletion of aged stocks caused by improved sales. A label may carry
Cinderella's Ballroom was a night club at the Stadswaag in Antwerp in the Lange Brilstraat started by Robert Tops and Maryse Ghoos in 1975. At first it was an underground club playing non-mainstream music. At the end of the 1970s it was the most important and influential night club in Belgium where for the first time punk rock and reggae music could be heard; the club Saturday night starting at midnight and sometimes on Sunday night. It was located in a basement and the limited space made live performances awkward. Belgian punk band The Kids performing in The Cinderella; the public came from a wide region: Belgium, The Netherlands and Germany, included prominent members of punk rock bands. The club was subjected to police razzia's and closed down in the middle of the 1990s. A reunion parties have been taking place in the 2000s and 2010s. Facebook page for fans, former staff, visitors Newspaper reports: Blog by longtime patron
State Route 263 is a 9.24-mile long state highway in the U. S. state of Washington, serving the Lower Monumental Dam. The highway begins at the Port of Windust on the Snake River and travels east to the Lower Monumental Dam and north to SR 260 in Kahlotus, paralleling the Columbia Plateau Trail. Devils Canyon carried traffic on the Spokane and Seattle Railway in the early 20th century before the completion of a road serving the Lower Monumental Dam in 1961; the Devils Canyon Road was paved and signed as SR 263 in 1991 and the railroad became the Columbia Plateau Trail the same year. State Route 263 begins at the Port of Windust along the northern shores of the Snake River in rural Franklin County; the highway travels east past Windust Park along hills to the northwest and the riverbank on the southeast banks, part of Burr Canyon. At the Lower Monumental Dam, the roadway turns north into the narrow Devils Canyon, following the Columbia Plateau Trail; the highway enters Kahlotus and becomes Spokane Street before ending at SR 260.
Every year the Washington State Department of Transportation conducts a series of surveys on its highways in the state to measure traffic volume. This is expressed in terms of average annual daily traffic, a measure of traffic volume for any average day of the year. In 2011, WSDOT calculated that between 70 and 290 vehicles per day used the highway, a decrease in previous years. Devils Canyon was home to the Portland–Spokane line of the Spokane and Seattle Railway, completed in 1908 with a small tunnel near the north bank of the Snake River; the United States Army Corps of Engineers built an improved Devils Canyon Road to connect Kahlotus to a grain facility owned by the newly established Port of Kahlotus in 1961. The Lower Monumental Dam on the Snake River was completed in February 1969 and opened in May of the same year at the south end of Devils Canyon; the rail line fell into disuse by 1987 and the right-of-way was acquired by the Washington State Park System in 1991 to become the Columbia Plateau Trail.
The road was designated as State Route 263 in 1991 and signed into law on April 1, 1992 to serve the Port of Kahlotus, now the Port of Windust, connect to the existing SR 260 in Kahlotus. No major revisions have occurred since the signing of the highway in 1961, however a landslide in July 2012 closed the highway for two days as Washington State Department of Transportation crews cleared up to 4,500 cubic yards of debris and repairing damaged asphalt; the entire highway is in Franklin County. Highways of Washington State