Charles II (1630–1685) was crowned King of Scotland and his other kingdoms at Scone Palace on 1 January 1651. His father, Charles I, had been executed in London at Whitehall Palace on 30 January 1649. Charles arrived in Scotland in June 1650 where there was support for his rule following the Treaty of Breda. Charles resided at old Gowrie House in Perth and held meetings in the summer house by the Tay. The master of the Scottish mint was ordered to strike or cast medallions called "coronation pieces". On Christmas Day 1650, the herald James Balfour announced the discovery of an original manuscript signed by Robert the Bruce in 1326 entailing the Scottish crown to the Stuart dynasty.

Charles II was King of Scotland from 1649 until 1651 and King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685.