The Second Battle of Guararapes was the second and decisive battle in a conflict called the Insurrection of Pernambuco, between Dutch and Portuguese forces in February 1649 at Jaboatão dos Guararapes in Pernambuco. The defeat convinced the Dutch "that the Portuguese were formidable opponents, something which they had hitherto refused to concede." The Dutch still retained a presence in Brazil until 1654 and a treaty was signed in 1661.

The Insurrection of Pernambuco, also known as the War of the Divine Light, was a movement against Dutch rule in the Captaincy of Pernambuco. The revolution occurred during the second Dutch invasion and the Luso-Dutch war and resulted in the expulsion of the Dutch from the northeastern region of Brazil, followed by the reclamation of the territory by the Portuguese kingdom.