The Government of Serbia, the second one led by prime minister Aleksandar Vučić, was elected on 11 August 2016 by a majority vote in the National Assembly. Parliamentary election was held on 24 April 2016, and the ruling coalition of the Serbian Progressive Party and the Socialist Party of Serbia, running in separate lists, won the total of 160 out of 250 seats and retained its parliamentary majority. While the Vučić's Progressive party again won enough seats to form the government alone, he decided to continue cooperation with the Socialists.

The prime minister of Serbia, officially the President of the Government of the Republic of Serbia is the head of the government of Serbia. The role of the prime minister is to direct the work of the government, and submits to the National Assembly the government's program, including a list of proposed ministers. The resignation of the prime minister results in the dismissal of the government.