Secondary treatment
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Secondary treatment is the removal of biodegradable organic matter from sewage or similar kinds of wastewater. The aim is to achieve a certain degree of effluent quality in a sewage treatment plant su
This small secondary clarifier at a rural sewage treatment plant is a typical phase separation mechanism to remove biological solids formed in a suspended growth or fixed-film bioreactor.
Constructed wetland in an ecological settlement in Flintenbreite near Lübeck, Germany
Nereda biomass left and activated sludge after only minutes of settling
A rotating biological contactor or RBC is a biological fixed-film treatment process used in the secondary treatment of wastewater following primary treatment. The primary treatment process involves re
Secondary treatment
…systems, and as aerobic versus anaerobic. Fixed-film or attached growth systems include trickling filters, constructed wetlands, bio-towers, and rotating biological contactors, where the biomass grows on media and the sewage passes over its surface. The fixed-film principle has further developed into moving bed biofilm reactors…
Biofilm color transition from grey/beige to brown, left to right, indicates slow transition from Carbon metabolizing bacteria to Nitrogen metabolizing bacteria. Courtesy of KEE Process Ltd.
KLARGESTER GRP RBC from 1955