Seismology
Videos
Seismology is the scientific study of earthquakes and the generation and propagation of elastic waves through planetary bodies. It also includes studies of the environmental effects of earthquakes suc
Installation for a temporary seismic station, north Iceland highland.
Plate tectonics
Videos
Plate tectonics is the scientific theory that Earth's lithosphere comprises a number of large tectonic plates, which have been slowly moving since 3–4 billion years ago. The model builds on the concep
Plate motion based on Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite data from NASA JPL Archived 2011-07-21 at the Wayback Machine. Each red dot is a measuring point and vectors show direction and magnitude of motion.
Alfred Wegener in Greenland in the winter of 1912–13