A semi-tractor-trailer truck known as a semi-trailer truck, tractor-trailer truck, semi-tractor truck, semi-truck, trailer truck or tractor truck, is the combination of a tractor unit and one, or more, semi-trailers to carry freight. A semi-trailer attaches to the tractor with a type of hitch called a fifth-wheel, it is variously known as a transport truck, transfer truck or articulated truck, abbreviated artic, in Canada, semi-lorry or single lorry in Australia and New Zealand, semi-tractor-trailer, semi-trailer, tractor-trailer, semi-tractor, trailer, big rig or eighteen-wheeler in the United States and articulated lorry in the United Kingdom and Ireland. In North America, the combination vehicles made up of a powered semi-tractor and one or more semitrailers are known as "semis", "semitrailers", "tractor-trailers", "big rigs", "semi-trucks", "eighteen-wheelers" or "semi-tractor-trailers"; the tractor unit has two or three axles. The most common tractor-cab layout has a forward engine, one steering axle, two drive axles.
The fifth-wheel trailer coupling on most tractor trucks is movable fore and aft, to allow adjustment in the weight distribution over its rear axle. Ubiquitous in Europe, but less common in North America since the 1990s, is the cabover engine configuration, where the driver sits next to, or over the engine. With changes in the US to the maximum length of the combined vehicle, the cabover was phased out of North American over-the-road service by 2007. Cabovers were difficult to service; as of 2016, a truck could cost US$100,000. Trucks average from 4 to 8 miles per US gallon, with fuel economy standards requiring better than 7 miles per US gallon efficiency by 2014. Power requirements in standard conditions are 170 hp at 55 mph or 280 hp at 70 mph, somewhat different power usage in other conditions; the cargo trailer has tandem axles at the rear, each of which has dual wheels, or eight tires on the trailer, four per axle. In the US it is common to refer to the number of wheel hubs, rather than the number of tires.
The combination of eight tires on the trailer and ten tires on the tractor is what led to the moniker eighteen wheeler, although this term is considered by some truckers to be a misnomer. Many trailers are equipped with movable tandem axles to allow adjusting the weight distribution. To connect the second of a set of doubles to the first trailer, to support the front half of the second trailer, a converter gear known as a "dolly" is used; this has one or two axles, a fifth-wheel coupling for the rear trailer, a tongue with a ring-hitch coupling for the forward trailer. Individual states may further allow longer vehicles, known as "longer combination vehicles", may allow them to operate on roads other than Interstates. Long combination vehicle types include: Doubles: Two 28.5 ft trailers. Triples: Three 28.5 ft trailers. Turnpike Doubles: Two 48 ft trailers. Rocky Mountain Doubles: One 40 to 53 ft trailer and one 28.5 ft trailer. In Canada, a Turnpike Double is two 53 ft trailers, a Rocky Mountain Double is a 50 ft trailer with a 24 ft "pup".
Future long combination vehicles under consideration and study for the U. S. MAP-21 transportation bill are container; these combinations are under study for potential recommendation in November 2014: 40 ft trailer Turnpike Doubles, 148,000 lb GVWR 40 ft and 20 ft trailer Rocky Mountain Doubles, 134,000 lb GVWR Double 20 ft trailers. The US federal government, which only regulates the Interstate Highway System, does not set maximum length requirements, only minimums. Tractors can pull three trailers if the combination is legal in that state. Weight maximums are 20,000 lb on a single axle, 34,000 lb on a tandem, 80,000 lb total for any vehicle or combination. There is a maximum width of no maximum height. Roads other than the Interstates are regulated by the individual states, laws vary widely. Maximum weight varies depending on the combination. Most states restrict operation of larger tandem trailer setups such as triple units, turnpike doubles and Rocky-Mountain doubles. Reasons for limiting the legal trailer configurations include both safety concerns and the impracticality of designing and constructing roads that can accommodate the larger wheelbase of these vehicles and the larger minimum turning radii associated with them.
In general, these configurations are restricted to the Interstates. Except for these units, double setups are not restricted to certain roads any more than a single setup, they are not restricted by weather conditions or "difficulty of operation". The Canadian province of Ontario, does have weather-related operating restrictions for larger tandem trailer setups; the noticeable difference between tractor units in Europe and North America is that all European models are cab over engine, w
The Coucou des Flandres, Dutch: Vlaanderse Koekoek, is a critically-endangered Belgian breed of domestic chicken. It may have a common origin with the Malines from the area of Mechelen, in the province of Antwerp in Flanders, or may indeed represent the original type of that breed before it was cross-bred in the nineteenth century with various different types of imported Oriental chicken. By the time of the First World War it had disappeared, it is more numerous in Picardy in France. It may be known as the Poulet de Dendre, for the Dender river in its area of origin; the origins of the Coucou des Flandres are unknown. It may have existed for hundreds of years, it is related to the Malines from the area of Mechelen, in the province of Antwerp in Flanders. It may represent the original type of the Malines breed before it was cross-bred in the nineteenth century with various different types of imported Oriental chicken including birds brought from Shanghai, China, to the zoological gardens of Antwerp as well as Brahma and Cochin birds.:49The Coucou des Flandres had disappeared by the time of the First World War, but was re-created in the years before the Second World War.
It is critically endangered in Belgium, where in 2005 a census found only 53 birds.:49 It is more numerous in northern Picardy in France. The Coucou des Flandres has cuckoo; the comb is single. Larivière, J. Detilleux, P. Leroy. Estimates of inbreeding rates in forty traditional Belgian chicken breeds populations = Schätzung des Inzuchtgrades bei vierzig einheimischen Belgischen Hühnerrassen. Archiv für Geflügelkunde 75: 1- 6
Local elections in Kiev for the post of Mayor and members of Kiev City Council took place on 25 May 2014 as part of the 2014 Ukrainian local elections. Vitali Klitschko won the mayoral election with 57% of the votes, while his party the Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform won 73 of the 120 seats in the Kiev City Council; the next Kiev local elections were held in October 2015. Secretary of the Kiev City Council Halyna Hereha has been acting mayor since Leonid Chernovetsky resigned as the Mayor of Kiev on 1 June 2012. Hereha asked the Verkhovna Rada to issue an instruction on holding an early mayoral election on 19 July 2012. On 7 March 2013 the Verkhovna Rada Committee on State Building and Local Government recommended that parliament should schedule the elections of the Mayor of Kiev and members of the Kiev City Council for 2 June 2013. On 2 April 2013 the Verkhovna Rada failed to set any date for the elections because the Party of Regions faction wanted to wait for a ruling from the Constitutional Court of Ukraine on "whether regular elections to local government agencies can be held at different time intervals, rather than simultaneously".
The Constitutional Court started considering this case on 11 April 2013. On 29 May 2013 the Constitutional Court set the date of the election as 25 October 2015; the court reasoned that amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine that came into force on 1 February 2011 stipulated that "the next local elections should be held all over Ukraine on the last Sunday of October 2015."The oppositional parties after the 2012 parliamentary election considered the City Council term of authority expired by July 2013 and blocked attempts at its convening through mass protest in July 2013. As of 7 March 2013 possible candidates for the post of the Mayor of Kiev were Vitali Klitschko, Andriy Illyenko, Petro Poroshenko and Oleh Liashko. Oleksandr Popov of Party of Regions and former Head of Kiev City Administration stated in February 2013 that he was a candidate. On 14 December 2013 President Viktor Yanukovych suspended him as Head of the Kiev City State Administration; the same day the General Prosecutor of Ukraine's Office handed "a notification on suspicion of abuse of power when ordering the Euromaidan police actions of 30 November 2013" to Popov.
On 25 April 2014 the Party of Regions announced that they would not put forward a candidate for the elections. The Verkhovna Rada set a date for the elections on 25 February 2014, just after the 2014 Ukrainian revolution. However, it was decided that date should be 25 May 2014, the same day as the Ukrainian presidential election. 35 parties took part in these elections. 10 parties won seats. Those seats were won in another 60 on party lists. Several parties, among them Party of Regions, disappeared from the local parliament. Mayoral candidates were able to nominate themselves from 23 April 2014 until 30 April 2014. 19 candidates competed for the post. Gennady Balashov Volodymyr Bondarenko Oleh Derevyanko Viktor Dovhy Andriy Illyenko Valeriy Kandruk Mykola Katerynchuk Vitali Klitschko Oleksandr Komnatsky Vyacheslav Kyrylenko Andriy Mirgorodsky Oleksiy Mochanov Ihor Nasalyk Oleksandr Omelchenko Lesya Orobets Ivan Saliy Viktor Smaliy Lyudmyla Vasylenko A man named Darth Vader Yuriy Lutsenko expressed an interest in taking part in the election, but withdrew.
Potential candidates were Yuriy Levchenko, Ihor Lutsenko, Volodymyr Makeyenko. Lesya Orobets and Ivan Saliy were withdrawn from the race on 13 May, but they were restored as candidates on 16 May. According to a telephone poll conducted prior to the election by Sociological group "RATING" from 25 February to 6 March 2013, about 55% of the eligible voters would go to polling stations, 31% of them would vote in the mayoral elections for Klitschko, 20.3% for Popov, 7% for Poroshenko. This poll showed that if Klitschko and Popov proceeded to a hypothetical second round, 60.4% would cast their ballots for Klitschko and 26.5% for Popov. A June 2013 poll by GfK Ukraine gave Klitschko 32.7%, Popov 15.9% and Poroshenko 11.9%. A poll conducted from 22 to 28 March 2014 by "RATING" showed that out of the potential candidates at the time, Mykola Katerynchuk was the most popular among voters: 12% of those who intended to vote would cast their ballots for him; the poll gave 11% to Anatoliy Hrytsenko, 8% to Oleh Lyashko, 8% to Volodymyr Bondarenko, 8% to Yuriy Lutsenko, 5% to Volodymyr Makeyenko, 4% to Vyacheslav Kyrylenko, 4% to Lesya Orobets, 3% to Andriy Illyenko, 2% to Tetiana Montian and 1% to I.
Lutsenko. The relevance of this poll is limited as at the time, Klitschko was not among the potential candidates for mayor, several of the potential candidates went on to register as candidates for the 2014 presidential election. According to a poll conducted by Razumkov Center from 11 to 17 April 2014, 42.1% would vote for UDAR, 15.4% for Fatherland, 9.7% for Svoboda, 8.2% for Solidarity, 6.4% for European Party of Ukraine, 3.8% for Radical Party of Oleh Lyashko, 3.1% for Civil Position. Legal status and local government of Kiev
Ražnjići is a popular Balkan specialty of grilled meat on a skewer, equivalent of the Greek souvlaki and Turkish şaşlık. The name is derived from "ražanj" meaning "skewer". Univerzitet u Novom Sadu. Filozofski fakultet. Godisnjak. P. 173. Занимљиво је и то „да се у Рјечнику не налази већина јела која данас сачињавају оно што се обично зове српском кујном, тако нпр. капама, мусака, папазјанија, пљескавица, ражњићи, ћевапчићи, ћулбастија (али... Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti. Srpski etnografski zbornik. 32. Belgrade: Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti. P. 75. Ражњићи се праве од ма каквог правог и појачег твр- дог прутића. Дугачки су од 50—90 см. Мешајица је с обе стране обељено и зарубљено дрво дугачко до 50 см. Њом се меша качамак при печењу. Laurence Mitchell. Serbia. Bradt Travel Guides. Pp. 79–. ISBN 978-1-84162-326-9. Serbia is famous for grilled meats such as ćevapčići, pljeskavica and ražnjići. Slavenka Drakulic. A Guided Tour Through the Museum of Communism: Fables from a Mouse, a Parrot, a Bear, a Cat, a Mole, a Pig, a Dog, a Raven.
Penguin Group US. pp. 39–. ISBN 978-1-101-50252-5. Đorđe S. Kostić. Sa Bedekerom po Jugoistočnoj Evropi. Balkanološki inštitut SANU. p. 59. ISBN 978-86-7179-042-0. Branislav Đ Nušić. Sabrana dela. NIP "Jež,".... Као последњи трагови прошлости, ћевапчићи и ражњићи, који су не само задржали право грађанства и у центру модернизиране престонице, већ су распрострли свој дражећи мирис и кроз целу краљевину Југославију. Горе од
B. M. Dzukogi is a writer and the pioneer Director-General of Niger State Book Development Agency, former General-Secretary, Association of Nigerian Authors as well being the current Chairman of Northern Nigeria Writers. Dzukogi studied in Minna, he attended Sarkin Zango Primary School, Minna to the time he finished his NCE at COE, Minna in 1985 to 1988. His father was a school sergeant there, he went on to Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria where he obtained his Bachelor of Science from 2000 to 2005 Dzukogi is an art administrator. He founded the Hill-Top Creative Arts Foundation in 2004, the foundations publish teen authors in Nigeria, he is responsible for the creation of many art programmes and platforms which include the Annual Schools Carnival of Arts and Festival of Songs in 1995, Nigerian Writers Series, Minna Literary Series, MBA International Literary Colloquium, National Teen Authorship Scheme, The Bookhawker and many other literary initiatives in Niger State and Nigeria. In 2017, Dzukogi inaugurated the maiden edition of the Nigerian Festival of Teen Authors.
He has to his credit ten publications in poetry, short stories, interviews, children's stories, aphorisms. These are: Midnight Lamp 1996, These Last Tears 1997, Mystery Stones 1999, Kano to Ibadan by Road 2003, Jamilu the Reader 2005, Potholes in my Dream 2007, Sex is Beautiful 2008, Teacher Dangana is a Cheat 2008, Young Couple Young Home 2010, Being True To Himself 2012, Seclusion 2015. In 2006, he single-handedly established the sports unit of Lapai in Niger State. List of Nigerian writers List of 20th-century writers List of authors by name: D
Geronthres, named after ancient Geronthrae, is a former municipality in Laconia, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Evrotas, of which it is a municipal unit; the municipal unit has an area of 236.780 km2. The seat of administration was the village Geraki; the municipal population is approx. 1,800. Dutch excavations point to first settlement of the acropolis hill in the Neolithic period. In the Early Helladic period the site must have contained an administrative centre of some kind, judged by the sealing fragments that can be compared by those found in Lerna. Habitation continued towards the end of the Middle Helladic period, but no Mycenaean finds have been found yet. First signs of renewed habitation date from the Iron Age; the site is left again in the Roman period. Close to Geraki is the medieval fortress after which the village is named, which formed the seat of the Barony of Geraki in the Frankish Principality of Achaea. In the village itself are several Byzantine-era churches