Seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution
The Seventh Amendment to the United States Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights. This amendment codifies the right to a jury trial in certain civil cases and inhibits courts from overturning a jury's findings of fact.
The Bill of Rights in the National Archives
The hand-written copy of the proposed Bill of Rights, 1789, cropped to just show the text later ratified as the Seventh Amendment
James Madison, drafter of the Bill of Rights
Justice Joseph Story issued the first judicial opinion on the amendment in United States v. Wonson (1812).
A jury trial, or trial by jury, is a legal proceeding in which a jury makes a decision or findings of fact. It is distinguished from a bench trial in which a judge or panel of judges makes all decisions.
The Jury (1861) by John Morgan, Buckinghamshire County Museum
W. S. Gilbert's Bab Ballads (1920)