Shawar ibn Mujir al-Sa'di was an Egyptian military leader and politician. He was the de facto ruler of Fatimid Egypt, as its vizier, from December 1162 until his assassination in 1169 by the general S

Saladin arrived in Egypt in 1163 and ruled it from 1171 until his death in 1193. Egypt was in a state of decay prior to Saladin's rise to power with the political and social situation in shambles. Sal