Shea Stadium was a stadium in Flushing Meadows–Corona Park, New York City. Built as a multi-purpose stadium, it was the home park of Major League Baseball's New York Mets for 45 seasons, as well as the New York Jets football team from 1964 to 1983; the venue was named in honor of William A. Shea, the man, most responsible for bringing National League baseball back to New York after the Dodgers and Giants left for California in 1957, it was demolished in 2009 to create additional parking for the adjacent Citi Field, the current home of the Mets. The origins of Shea Stadium go back to the Brooklyn Dodgers' and the New York Giants' relocations to the U. S. west coast in 1958, which left New York without a National League baseball team for the next four years. Prior to the Dodgers' departure, New York City official Robert Moses tried to interest owner Walter O'Malley in the site as the location for a new stadium, but O'Malley refused, unable to agree on location and lease terms. O'Malley preferred to pay construction costs himself.
He wanted total control over revenue from parking and other events. New York City, in contrast, wanted to build the stadium, rent it, retain the ancillary revenue rights to pay off its construction bonds. Additionally, O'Malley wanted to build his new stadium in Brooklyn, while Moses insisted on Flushing Meadows; when Los Angeles offered O'Malley what the City of New York wouldn't—complete ownership of the facility—he left for southern California in a preemptive bid to install the Dodgers there before a new or existing major league franchise could beat him to it. At the same time, Horace Stoneham moved his New York Giants to San Francisco, ensuring that there would be two National League teams in California, preserving the longstanding rivalry with the Dodgers that continues to this day. In 1960, the National League agreed to grant an expansion franchise to the owners of the New York franchise in the abortive Continental League, provided that a new stadium be built. Mayor Robert Wagner, Jr. had to wire all National League owners and assure them that the city would build a stadium.
On October 6, 1961, the Mets signed a 30-year stadium lease, with an option for a 10-year renewal. Rent for what was budgeted as a $9 million facility was set at $450,000 annually, with a reduction of $20,000 each year until it reached $300,000 annually. In their inaugural season in 1962, the expansion Mets played in the Polo Grounds, with original plans to move to a new stadium in 1963. In October 1962, Mets official Tom Meany said, "Only a series of blizzards or some other unforeseen trouble might hamper construction."{ That unforeseen trouble surfaced in a number of ways: the severe winter of 1962–1963, along with the bankruptcies of two subcontractors and labor issues. The end result was that both the Jets played at the Polo Grounds for one more year, it was to be called "Flushing Meadow Park Municipal Stadium" – the name of the public park within which it was built – but a movement was launched to name it in honor of William Shea, the New York attorney who brought National League baseball back to New York.
After 29 months of construction and $28.5 million spent, Shea Stadium opened on April 17, 1964, with the Pittsburgh Pirates beating the Mets 4–3 before a crowd of 50,312. There were no prior exhibition games or events, the stadium was finished in time for the home opener; because of a jurisdictional dispute between Local 3 of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers and Local 1106 of the Communications Workers of America, the telephone and telegraph wiring was not finished in time for opening day. The stadium opened five days across Roosevelt Avenue. Although not part of the fair grounds, the stadium sported steel panels on its exterior in the blue-and-orange colors of the Fair, the same team colors of the Mets; the panels were removed in 1980. In accordance with New York City law, in 2009 Shea Stadium was dismantled, rather than imploded; the company with the rights to sell memorabilia was given two weeks after the final game to remove seats and other saleable and collectable items before demolition was to begin.
The seats were the first, followed by other memorabilia such as the foul poles, stadium signage, the giant letters that spelled out "SHEA" at the front of the building. After salvaging operations concluded, demolition of the ballpark began on October 14, 2008. On October 18, the scoreboard in right field was demolished, with the bleachers, batter's eye and bullpens shortly thereafter. By November 10, the field and the rest of the field level seats had been demolished. On January 31, Mets fans all over New York came to Shea Stadium for one final farewell. Fans took a tour of the site, told stories, sang songs; the last remaining section of seats was demolished on February 18. Fans stood in awe; the locations of Shea's home plate, pitcher's mound, bases are marked in Citi Field's parking lot. The plaques feature engravings of the neon baseball players that once graced the exterior of the stadium. On October 9, 2013, the New York City Council approved a plan to build a mall and entertainment center called Willets West in the Citi Field parking lot where Shea Stadium stood, as part of an effort by the city to redevelop the nearby neighborhood of Willets Point.
However, in 2015, the Appellate Division of the N
Dicynodontoides is a genus of small to medium-bodied, emydopoid dicynodonts from the Late Permian. The name Dicynodontoides references its “dicynodont-like” appearance due to the caniniform tusks featured by most members of this infraorder. Kingoria, a junior synonym, has been used more in the literature than the more obscure Dicynodontoides, similar-sounding to another distantly related genus of dicynodont, Dicynodon. Two species are recognized: D. recurvidens from South Africa, D. nowacki from Tanzania. Dicynodontoides is known from fossil localities in South Africa and Tanzania, though several specimens unidentified to the species level are known from Zambia and India. Unlike several other members of the remarkably disparate emydopoid clade, Dicynodontoides did not survive into the Triassic, its temporal distribution is restricted to the Late Permian. Dicynodontoides was first described by Owen in 1876 based on a poorly preserved, but complete skull and mandible, was referred to the genus Dicynodon.
The specimen was found in Fort Beaufort, South Africa, in the Dicynodon Assemblage Zone of the Karoo Basin. However, it wasn’t until Broom’s 1940 publication including Dicynodontoides parringtoni, a junior synonym for Owen’s D. recurvidens, that the genus was used. A second species, produced by the Usili Formation, D. nowacki, was first described by von Huene in 1942 from Kingori Mountain and was referred to as Dicynodon nowacki. Cox pointed out several features, most notably the hindlimb and girdle morphology, that differentiated this genus from other members of Dicynodon, erected a new genus, Kingoria. Since, many researchers have attempted to place these ambiguous specimens within Dicynodontia. Not until the last decade has significant light been shed upon the matter, solidifying the place of the senior synonym and affirming the presence of only two species, D. recurvidens and D. nowacki. In dorsal view, the skull is oval in shape with a broad snout, reaches its widest point posterior of the pineal foramen, raised.
Its intertemporal bar is narrower than the interorbital bar. Although belonging to the infraorder Dicynodonita, the caniniform tusks may be present or absent in the genus; when present, they are gracile. Post-caniniform keels on the maxilla are present in specimens lacking tusks; however and post-canine teeth are always absent in this genus. Dicynodontoides features a jaw symphysis that narrows anteriorly, tapering to a blunt point, forming a shovel-shaped snout, which contrasting with the flattened area present in other dicynodont forms, its palatine bone is smooth and reduced to the lateral border of the internal nostril, having important implications for food processing. Dicynodont evolution is observed through changes in skull morphology due to the generalized post-cranial morphology in a majority of dicynodonts. However, Dicynodontoides is an exception to this statement. Although its size is unexceptional, aspects of the post-cranial morphology are specialized and have been studied thoroughly.
Most notable of this specialization is the hindlimb morphology. The pelvic girdle consists of a small pubis and an ilium with anteriorly extensive but posteriorly rudimentary processes; the femoral head is offset from the bone, forming an s-shape, the attachments for the ilio-femoralis muscles are significant. The foot is elongate with pointed claws and does not appear to be specialized; the shoulder girdle and forelimbs are more representative of Dicynodontia as a whole than the hindlimbs. The girdle is high and narrow, reflecting a reduction in the backward-forward pulling muscles, which would have been situated above and below the humerus; the humerus suggests an emphasis of long-axis rotation, a much more conservative morphology than that of the hindlimb structure. In sum, the structure of the palate, the lower jaw, the sacrum distinguish the morphology of Dicynodontoides from its Permo-Triassic dicynodont counterparts; the dicynodont feeding mechanism, though conservative, is a variation of a generalized pattern.
All members of this infraorder were herbivorous, though both the exact nature of this dietary pattern and the possible degree of omnivory or insectivory is not understood. Based on the habitual downward orientation of its skull, Dicynodontoides was a substrate-targeted feeder, or grazer, rather than a browser; the narrow anterior portion of the jaw could have allowed mobile movement of the tongue for the collection of surface vegetation, though other explanations for this feature are possible. In most members of Dicynodontia, both the reduced dentition and sharp cutting edge around the anterior end of the lower jaw suggest a scissor-like mode of food collection. After collection, mastication would have occurred via a back-and-forth grinding process. However, Dicynodontoides strays from this general pattern of food processing, its caniniform blades, though periodically absent in this genus, are to have functioned as a paper cutter. However, the short mouth, blunted edges of the lower jaw, the lack of a tough palatal surface against which the jaw could grind downplay the significance of this apparent shearing component.
The morphology of the jaw hinge prevents the anterior end of the lower jaw from meeting the palate, only allowing palatal contact with the more posterior portion of the dentary. While there is little possibility of any transverse movement in the lower jaw, a crushing function is possible, consistent with the feeding mechanism observed in other Emydopoids. Unlike other members of the
WorkChoices was the name given to changes made to the federal industrial relations laws in Australia by the Howard Government in 2005, being amendments to the Workplace Relations Act 1996 by the Workplace Relations Amendment Act 2005, that came into effect on 27 March 2006. In May 2005, Prime Minister John Howard informed the Australian House of Representatives that the federal government intended to reform Australian industrial relations laws by introducing a unified national system. WorkChoices was ostensibly designed to improve employment levels and national economic performance by dispensing with unfair dismissal laws for companies under a certain size, removing the "no disadvantage test" which had sought to ensure workers were not left disadvantaged by changes in legislation, thereby promoting individual efficiency and requiring workers to submit their certified agreements directly to Workplace Authority rather than going through the Australian Industrial Relations Commission, it made adjustments to a workforce's ability to go on strike, enabling workers to bargain for conditions without collectivised representation, restricting trade union activity.
The passing and implementation of the new laws was opposed by the left side of politics the trade union movement. It was argued that the laws were fundamentally unfair; the ACTU, the peak association for Australian trade unions ran television advertisements attacking the new laws and launching its "Your Rights at Work" campaign opposing the changes. The campaign involved mass rallies and marches and radio advertisements, judicial action, e-activism; the week of action culminated on 1 July 2005 with a "SkyChannel" meeting of union delegates and members organised by Unions NSW. The meeting was followed by events in regional areas. Individual state governments opposed the changes. For example, the Victorian Government introduced the Victorian Workplace Rights Advocate as a form of political resistance to the changes. WorkChoices was a major issue in the 2007 federal election, with the Australian Labor Party led by Kevin Rudd vowing to abolish it. Labor won government at the 2007 election and repealed the whole of the WorkChoices legislation by the Fair Work Act 2009.
WorkChoices made a number of significant changes to the Workplace Relations Act 1996, including: formation of a single national industrial relations system in relation to incorporated corporations, to replace the separate State and federal systems. Establishment of the Australian Fair Pay Commission to determine minimum wages in place of National Wage Cases at the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. Streamlined the making of Certified Agreements and Australian workplace agreements, including increasing the maximum life of agreements from three years to five years. Reduction in the number of allowable matters, which could be covered by awards. Creation of five minimum workplace conditions. Exemption of companies with fewer than 101 employees from unfair dismissal laws. Exemption of all companies from unfair dismissal laws, where a dismissal is for a bona fide operational reason. Increased restrictions on allowable industrial action. Mandated secret ballots for industrial action. Outlawed pattern bargaining and industry-wide industrial action.
Before the commencement of WorkChoices the Commonwealth relied on the conciliation and arbitration power which provides that the Commonwealth may make laws with respect to "conciliation and arbitration for the prevention and settlement of industrial disputes extending beyond the limits of any one State". The Howard Government sought to bring as many employees under WorkChoices as was within its constitutional powers, it relied on the corporations power extending its coverage to an estimated 85% of Australian employees. All employees of "constitutional corporations" became covered by the WorkChoices system. Other constitutional powers used by the federal government to extend the scope of the legislation included the territories power to cover the Australian territories, including the external territories of the Christmas and Cocos Islands, the external affairs power, the interstate and overseas trade and commerce power, the powers of the Commonwealth to legislate for its own employees. Victoria had voluntarily referred its industrial relations powers to the Commonwealth in 1996, under section 51 of the Constitution.
While one of the purposes of these changes was to provide a single national industrial relations system, in practice, each of the States' systems remained in force. State industrial relations systems continued to apply to employers that were not covered by federal agreements, bound to a federal award, or were not incorporated and trading, financial or foreign organisations. Employers that remained in the State systems included sole traders, incorporated associations which are not "trading and financial corporations" and state government bodies. Court decisions may be required to establish. There have been several test cases in state and federal jurisdictions, including Bysterveld v Shire of Cue and Bankstown Handicapped Children's Centre Association Inc v Hillman; the general principles established by this case and similar cases since the introduction of WorkChoices were that the
Menstrual migraine is term used to describe both true menstrual migraines and menstrually related migraines. About 7%–14% of women have migraines only at the time of menstruation, these are called true menstrual migraines. Most female migraneurs experience migraine attacks throughout the menstruation cycle with an increased number perimenstrually, these are referred to as menstrually related or menstrually triggered migraine, it used to believed that treatments for migraine would work in menstrual migraine but that has not proven to be the case because menstrual migraines are harder to treat. Because of this, menstrual migraines are now considered a separate medical disorder from migraine. In 2008, menstrual migraines were given ICD-9 codes of their own which separate menstrual migraine from other types of migraine. About 40% of women and 20% of men will get a migraine at sometime in their life. Menstrual-related migraines happen in more than 50 percent of women. Menstrual migraine attacks last longer than other migraine attacks, short-term treatments do not work as well with menstrual migraine as they do in other kinds of migraine.
They are migraines without aura, but in 2012 a case of menstrual migraine with aura was reported, so it is possible. Auras are a kind of condition which affect certain parts of the brain the parts that control vision but they can affect the parts of the brain which control the other senses like touch, motor control and the parts of the brain that control speech. Warning symptoms called prodrome symptoms happen before a migraine attack. Sleepiness Fatigue Depression, euphoria or irritability Restlessness Excessive yawning Food cravings for sweet or salty foods or loss of appetite Increased thirst Diarrhea Nausea Bloating: the body retains too much water Neck stiffness Talkativeness Feeling light-headed Uterine pain and cramping A pounding throbbing headache with the pain being on one side of the head; the side of the head that has the pain changes from one headache to the next. Having one medical condition makes it more a person will have one or more other medical or psychiatric disorders; these other disorders are the "comorbid disorders" or "comorbidities".
There are various comorbid psychiatric conditions associated with migraines. The treatment and prognosis of migraine is affected by the comorbid disorders which may be present and/or the chance of getting comorbid disorders. Asthma -- Premenstrual asthma: is; this condition may affect up to 40% of female asthma sufferers. For a diagnosis of PMA to be made it is necessary to have a detailed history of the timing of menstrual cycles along with asthma symptoms experienced, the peak expiratory flow rate, it is helpful in making a diagnosis to keep a diary of peak expiratory flow rates. Raynaud's disease: is a circulatory disorder in which the smaller arteries that supply blood to the extremities – most the hands, but it may affect the, the tip of the nose and the ears – become narrower reducing blood flow; this causes the extremities to be cooler than the core body temperature. It can be triggered by exposure to cold. Epilepsy FibromyalgiaIt is associated with a number of mental health conditions including Major depressive disorder Anxiety Bipolar disorder The exact causes of menstrual migraine are not known for sure but there is a link between falling levels of the female hormone estrogen and the onset of a migraine attack.
The estrogen level may fall after bleeding occurs during the menstrual cycle or when external sources of estrogen are no longer taken, like when a woman stops taking birth control pills or hormone pills in hormone replacement therapy. The diagnosis of a menstrual migraine is made by keeping track of when the migraines occur for a period of at least three months. Menstrually related migraine attacks occur between 2 days before and 3 days after the start of menstruation in at least 2 out of 3 menstrual cycles in a row. Pure menstrual migraine and menstrually related migraine are both migraines without auras with one exceptionally rare case with aura reported in 2012; the Menstrual Migraine Assessment Tool is a simple questionaire with three questions, that has shown to be accurate in diagnosing menstrual migraine. The three questions are: Do migraines occur in the space of time 2 days before the beginning of a woman's period, until the third day after the start of the period, and does this happen in most months.
Do headaches that happen during this time become severe. Does the woman experience photophobia, when a medical problem cause light to bothers a person's eyes; the answer to the first question has to be yes and there has to be at least one yes answer to either question 2 or question 3. In order to keep track of what time of the month the migraines happen it is helpful to use a headache diary. A person uses the headache diary to write down information about their headaches, like when they started, what kind of symptoms they had and how bad the pain was etc. There are treatments which may decrease the frequency of menstrual migraines. Preventative treatments for menstrual migraine should be tried for at least 3 menstruation cycles to determine effectiveness. Medications used may include: NSAIDS (nonsteroidal an
The Marundhuvazh Malai known as the Marundhu Vazhum Malai/Maruthwamalai, forms the part and the southernmost tip of the Western Ghats of Agasteeswaram taluk of Kanyakumari district. In adjacent lying Southern Kerala people refer to it as Maruthuva Mala. According to tradition, the Maruthuva Malai is a fragment of the Sanjeevi Mountain, a piece of which fell down here, it was carried by Hanuman from Mahendragiri to Lanka for healing the fatal wounds of Lakshmana, the brother of Rama, the epic hero, it stretches for more than a km. From the highest point of the hill, one can see the'V'section of the Indian subcontinent; the three Sea with different shades of blue and coconut trees with different shades of green are visible from this hill. It is about 1 km from pothaiyadi, a place along NH44 and NH66, 10km from kanyakumari entire to Nagercoil; this hill is believed to be noted in Ayyaavazhi mythology as Parvatha Ucchi Malai. Apart from the Mythology, this hill is related to the life of Vaikundar.
So a few theologians consider this hill as sacred and consider it one among the Ayyaavazhi holy sites. Backing some quotes from Arul Nool and Akilam some argue that Marundhuvaazh Malai is one among the Vaikundapathi's. Narayana Guru attained enlightenment while undergoing penance at this hill. There is a mention about this Marundhu Vaazh Malai in Sri Pada Sri Vallabha Charithaamrutham written during thirteenth century in Sanskrit, a biography of Lord Sri Paada Sri Vallabha; this place is mentioned as Maruthuva Malai and the legend about this mountain is captured. It is said in the holy book that this is a Holy land and Siddhas and saints live in this Mountain www.marunthuvazhmalai.com Ayyavazhi mythology Pancha pathi Ayyavazhi holy sites R. Gunabalan P. Sundaram Swamigal & K. Ponnumani, Ayyavaikunta Nather Sidhasramam, Vaikunda Pathi. P. Sundaram Swamigal & K. Ponnumani, Ayyavaikundanathar Jeevacharithram, Ayyavaikuntanathar Siddasramam Publications, Vaikunda Pathi. C. Paulose, Advaita Philosophy of Brahmasri Chattampi Swamikal, Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit, Ayya Vaikunta Nather Sidhasramam, Vaikunda Pathi.
The Daily Tanthi, Chennai Edition, 2009-09-18, Friday Malar, Noyattra Vazhvutharum Marunthuvazh Malai, p. 4. S. SARAVANAN - FOUNDER - MARUNTHUVAZH MALAI AANMIGA ARAKKATTALAI, MARUNTHUVAZH MALAI. Www.marunthuvazhmalai.com - Marutwa mala Hills, marunthuva malai, marunthuvazh malai ]
Don Eugene Leppert is an American former professional baseball second baseman. Nicknamed "Tiger", Leppert stood 5 feet 8 inches tell, weighed 175 pounds, batted left-handed and threw right-handed. Leppert attended Christian Brothers High School in Memphis and signed his first pro contract with the New York Yankees, he played in the Yankee farm system for five seasons. After 1954, a season during which Leppert batted.313 with ten home runs and 170 hits for the Double-A Birmingham Barons of the Southern Association, Leppert was shipped to the Baltimore Orioles in a 17-player trade, one of the largest deals in Major League Baseball history. He appeared in 40 games for the 1955 Orioles, mustering only eight hits in 70 at bats for a.114 career MLB batting average. He had a triple, during that time. Leppert finished his playing career in minor league baseball with Birmingham in 1956, he hit.291 in 789 minor-league games. He is sometimes confused with Donald George Leppert, a catcher who played for the Pittsburgh Pirates and Washington Senators during the 1960s, a longtime coach for several MLB teams.
Career statistics and player information from Baseball-Reference, or Baseball-Reference, or Retrosheet