1.
United Methodist Church
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The United Methodist Church is a mainline Protestant denomination, and a major part of Methodism. In the 19th century, its main predecessor—the Methodist Church—was a leader in Evangelicalism and it was founded in 1968 in Dallas, Texas, United States, by union of the Methodist Church and the Evangelical United Brethren Church. The UMC traces its roots back to the movement of John. As such, the theological orientation is decidedly Wesleyan. It embraces both liturgical and evangelical elements and it has a connectional polity, a typical feature of a number of Methodist denominations. The United Methodist Church, with at least 12 million members as of 2014, is the largest denomination within the wider Methodist movement of approximately 80 million people across the world. In the United States, the UMC ranks as the largest mainline Protestant denomination, the largest Protestant church after the Southern Baptist Convention, and the third largest Christian denomination. In 2014, its membership was distributed as follows,7.2 million in the United States. It is a member of the World Council of Churches, the World Methodist Council, the movement which would become The United Methodist Church began in the mid-18th century within the Church of England. A small group of students, including John Wesley, Charles Wesley and George Whitefield and they focused on Bible study, methodical study of scripture and living a holy life. Other students mocked them, saying they were the Holy Club, eventually, the so-called Methodists started individual societies or classes for members of the Church of England who wanted to live a more religious life. In 1735, John and Charles Wesley went to America, hoping to teach the gospel to the American Indians in the colony of Georgia, instead, John became vicar of the church in Savannah. His preaching was very legalistic and full of rules. After two years in America, he returned to England dejected and confused, Peter believed a person is saved solely through the grace of God and not by works, and John had many conversations with Peter about this topic. On May 25,1738, after listening to a reading of Martin Luthers preface to Romans, John finally understood that his works could not save him. For the first time in his life, he felt complete peace, in less than two years, the Holy Club disbanded. John Wesley met with a group of clergy, the ministers retained their membership in the Church of England. Though not always emphasized or appreciated in the Anglican churches of their day, their teaching emphasized salvation by Gods grace, three teachings they saw as the foundation of Christian faith were, People are all by nature dead in sin and consequently, children of wrath
2.
Financial endowment
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A financial endowment is a donation of money or property to a nonprofit organization for the ongoing support of that organization. An endowment may come with stipulations regarding its usage, the total value of an institutions investments is often referred to as the institutions endowment and is typically organized as a public charity, private foundation, or trust. Among the institutions that commonly manage endowments are academic institutions, cultural institutions, service organizations, the earliest endowed chairs were those established by the Roman emperor and Stoic philosopher Marcus Aurelius in Athens in AD176. Aurelius created one endowed chair for each of the schools of philosophy, Platonism, Aristotelianism, Stoicism. Later, similar endowments were set up in other major cities of the Empire. Today, the University of Glasgow has fifteen Regius Professorships, private individuals soon adopted the practice of endowing professorships. Isaac Newton held the Lucasian Chair of Mathematics at Cambridge beginning in 1669, unrestricted endowment can be used in any way the recipient chooses to carry out its mission. Term endowment funds stipulate that all or part of the principal may be expended only after the expiration of a period of time or occurrence of a specified event. Quasi endowment funds must retain the purpose and intent as specified by the donor or source of the original funds, Endowment revenue can be restricted by donors to serve many purposes. Endowed professorships or scholarships restricted to a subject are common. Ignoring the restriction is called invading the endowment, but change of circumstance or financial duress like bankruptcy can preclude carrying out the donors intent. A court can alter the use of restricted endowment under a doctrine called cy-près meaning to find an alternative as near as possible to the donors intent, the restricted/unrestricted distinction focuses on the use of the funds, see quasi-endowment below for a distinction about whether principal can be spent. Academic institutions, such as colleges and universities, will control a endowment fund that finances a portion of the operating or capital requirements of the institution. In addition to an endowment fund, each university may also control a number of restricted endowments that are intended to fund specific areas within the institution. The most common examples are endowed professorships, and endowed scholarships or fellowships, in the United States, the endowment is often integral to the financial health of educational institutions. Alumni or friends of institutions sometimes contribute capital to the endowment, the endowment funding culture is strong in the United States and Canada but less pronounced overseas, with the exceptions of Cambridge and Oxford universities. Endowment funds have also created to support secondary and elementary school districts in several states in the United States. An endowed professorship is a position permanently paid for with the revenue from an endowment fund set up for that purpose
3.
Winchester, Virginia
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Winchester is an Independent City located in the northwestern portion of the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 26,203, as of 2015, its population is an estimated 27,284. It is the county seat of Frederick County, although the two are separate jurisdictions, the Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the city of Winchester with surrounding Frederick County for statistical purposes. Winchester is home to Shenandoah University and the Museum of the Shenandoah Valley, indigenous peoples lived along the waterways of present-day Virginia for thousands of years before European contact. Archeological, linguistic and anthropological studies have provided insights into their cultures, the Algonquian-speaking Shawnee began to challenge the Iroquoians for the hunting grounds later in that century. The explorers Batts and Fallam in 1671 reported the Shawnee were contesting with the Iroquoians for control of the valley and were losing, during the later Beaver Wars, the powerful Iroquois Confederacy from New York subjugated all tribes in the frontier region west of the Fall Line. By the time European settlers arrived in the Shenandoah Valley around 1729, the Iroquois Six Nations finally ceded their nominal claim to the Shenandoah Valley at the Treaty of Lancaster. The treaty also established the right of colonists to use the Indian Road, the father of the historical Shawnee chief Cornstalk had his court at Shawnee Springs until 1754. The Shawnee settled for years in the Ohio Country before being forced by the US government under Indian Removal in the 1830s to remove to Indian Territory. Winchester had a role as a frontier city in those early times. French Jesuit expeditions may have first entered the valley as early as 1606, the first confirmed exploration of the northern valley was by the explorer John Lederer, who viewed the it from the current Fauquier and Warren County line on August 26,1670. In 1705 the Swiss explorer Louise Michel and in 1716 Governor Alexander Spotswood did more extensive mapping and surveying, in the late 1720s, Governor William Gooch promoted settlement by issuing large land grants. Robert King Carter, manager of the Lord Fairfax proprietorship, acquired 200,000 acres, the Scots-Irish comprised the most numerous group of immigrants from the British Isles before the American Revolutionary War. The settlement of Winchester began as early as 1729, when Quakers such as Abraham Hollingsworth migrated up the Great Valley along the long-traveled Indian Path from Pennsylvania and he and others began to homestead on old Shawnee campgrounds. Tradition holds that the Quakers purchased several tracts on Apple-pie Ridge from the natives, the first German settler appears to have been Jost Hite in 1732, who brought ten other families, including some Scots-Irish. Though Virginia was an Anglican colony, Governor William Gooch had a tolerant policy on religion, the availability of land grants brought in many religious families, who were often given 50-acre plots through the sponsorship of fellow-religious grant purchasers and speculators. As a result, the Winchester area became home to some of the oldest Presbyterian, Quaker, the first Lutheran worship was established by Rev. John Casper Stoever, Jr. and Alexander Ross established Hopewell Meeting for the Quakers. By 1736, Scots-Irish built the Opequon Presbyterian Church in Kernstown, a legal fight erupted in 1735 when Thomas Fairfax, Sixth Lord Fairfax came to Virginia to claim his land grant
4.
Virginia
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Virginia is a state located in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, as well as in the historic Southeast. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth are shaped by the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Chesapeake Bay, the capital of the Commonwealth is Richmond, Virginia Beach is the most populous city, and Fairfax County is the most populous political subdivision. The Commonwealths estimated population as of 2014 is over 8.3 million, the areas history begins with several indigenous groups, including the Powhatan. In 1607 the London Company established the Colony of Virginia as the first permanent New World English colony, slave labor and the land acquired from displaced Native American tribes each played a significant role in the colonys early politics and plantation economy. Although the Commonwealth was under one-party rule for nearly a century following Reconstruction, the Virginia General Assembly is the oldest continuous law-making body in the New World. The state government was ranked most effective by the Pew Center on the States in both 2005 and 2008 and it is unique in how it treats cities and counties equally, manages local roads, and prohibits its governors from serving consecutive terms. Virginias economy changed from agricultural to industrial during the 1960s and 1970s. Virginia has an area of 42,774.2 square miles, including 3,180.13 square miles of water. Virginias boundary with Maryland and Washington, D. C. extends to the mark of the south shore of the Potomac River. The southern border is defined as the 36° 30′ parallel north, the border with Tennessee was not settled until 1893, when their dispute was brought to the U. S. Supreme Court. The Chesapeake Bay separates the portion of the Commonwealth from the two-county peninsula of Virginias Eastern Shore. The bay was formed from the river valleys of the Susquehanna River. Many of Virginias rivers flow into the Chesapeake Bay, including the Potomac, Rappahannock, York, and James, the Tidewater is a coastal plain between the Atlantic coast and the fall line. It includes the Eastern Shore and major estuaries of Chesapeake Bay, the Piedmont is a series of sedimentary and igneous rock-based foothills east of the mountains which were formed in the Mesozoic era. The region, known for its clay soil, includes the Southwest Mountains around Charlottesville. The Blue Ridge Mountains are a province of the Appalachian Mountains with the highest points in the state. The Ridge and Valley region is west of the mountains and includes the Great Appalachian Valley, the region is carbonate rock based and includes Massanutten Mountain. The Cumberland Plateau and the Cumberland Mountains are in the southwest corner of Virginia, in this region, rivers flow northwest, with a dendritic drainage system, into the Ohio River basin
5.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
6.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
7.
Liberal arts college
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A liberal arts college is a college with an emphasis on undergraduate study in the liberal arts and sciences. A liberal arts college aims to impart a broad knowledge and develop general intellectual capacities, in contrast to a professional, vocational. Other researchers have adopted similar definitions, most liberal arts colleges outside of the United States follow this model. Liberal arts colleges are distinguished from other types of higher education chiefly by their generalist curricula and these attributes have various secondary effects in terms of administration as well as student experience. For example, class size is much lower at liberal arts colleges than at universities. Many students select liberal arts colleges with precisely this sense of connection in mind. From an administrative standpoint, the size of liberal arts colleges contributes to their cohesion. Job satisfaction is also higher in liberal arts colleges, for both faculty and staff. In addition, most liberal arts colleges are residential, which means students live and learn away from home. The distinctiveness of these attributes is somewhat eroded by the tendency of universities to adopt aspects of the arts college. In addition, some universities have maintained a sub-unit that preserves many aspects of the arts college. Liberal arts colleges themselves sometimes cluster to offer greater curricular breadth or share other resources, most liberal arts colleges nowadays, however, offer more than just liberal arts subjects, such as computer science from the formal science discipline. Liberal arts colleges are found in all parts of the world, the Global Liberal Arts Alliance, which incorporates institutions on five continents, refers to itself as an international, multilateral partnership of American style liberal arts institutions. These colleges served as a means of spreading a basically European cultural model across the new country, the model proliferated in the 19th century, some 212 small liberal arts colleges were established between 1850 and 1899. As of 1987, there were about 540 liberal arts colleges in the United States, the oldest liberal arts college in America is considered to be Washington College, the first college chartered after American independence. Olaf College as well as Augsburg College in Minnesota, and the Claremont Colleges in Southern California, most are private institutions, but a handful of public liberal arts schools exist, such as the University of Mary Washington, and New Saint Andrews College in Moscow, Idaho. Liberal arts colleges are found in Canada, including Mount Allison University, Bishops University. In the Netherlands, universities have opened constituent liberal arts colleges under the university college since the late 1990s
8.
Dayton, Virginia
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Dayton is a town in Rockingham County, Virginia, United States. The population is 1,530 as of the 2010 census and it is included in the Harrisonburg, Virginia Metropolitan Statistical Area. Dayton is located at 38°24′59″N 78°56′22″W, the town is approximately two miles southwest of Harrisonburg and two miles northeast of Bridgewater. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has an area of 0.8 square miles. The town of Dayton is one of the oldest settled communities in Rockingham County, the first settler in Dayton was Daniel Harrison, whose family settled along Cooks Creek, north of downtown. Daniel was the eldest son of Isaiah Harrison and second wife Abigail and was born in Oyster Bay, Long Island and they and their three brothers had migrated from New York to Delaware and then to Orange County Virginia before settling in the Shenandoah Valley. The family homestead, a stone house, as been owned and maintained since 1977 by a private, non-profit organization, Fort Harrison. The town was known as Rifeville or Rifetown until 1833, Shenandoah University has its roots in Dayton, when it was known as the Shenandoah College and Conservatory of Music. The college was organized in 1875 under the leadership of Rev. A. P. Funkhouser and this was a major institution in Dayton until 1960, when it moved to Winchester. College Street was named after the school and many of the buildings served as part of the campus. The Dayton Historic District, Daniel Harrison House, and Peter Paul House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, as of the census of 2000,1,344 people,542 households, and 383 families resided in the town. The population density was 1,657.2 people per square mile, there were 565 housing units at an average density of 696.6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the town was 94. 20% White,0. 67% African American,0. 37% Asian,2. 90% from other races, hispanic or Latino of any race were 6. 62% of the population. About 24. 9% of all households were made up of individuals and 9. 8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.97. In the town, the population was distributed as 24. 1% under the age of 18,6. 8% from 18 to 24,33. 6% from 25 to 44,19. 9% from 45 to 64, the median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.2 males, for every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.5 males. The median income for a household in the town was $35,958, males had a median income of $30,109 versus $23,906 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,600, about 3. 5% of families and 8. 1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9. 7% of those under age 18 and 7. 5% of those age 65 or over
9.
Interstate 81
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Interstate 81 is an Interstate Highway in the eastern part of the United States. Interstate 81 largely traces the paths created down the length of the Appalachian Mountains by migrating animals, American Indians and it also follows a major corridor for troop movements during the Civil War. These trails and roadways gradually evolved into U. S. Route 11, Interstate 81 parallels much of the older Route 11. Being mostly rural, it is used as a trucking corridor. The Interstate 81 Corridor Coalition, a coalition, was organized to handle issues along Interstate 81, such as truck traffic. As of October 15,2008, this commission has met twice, Interstate 81 is part of the fastest route between the capital of the United States and the capital of Canada. Interstate 81 begins in Tennessee at Interstate 40 in Dandridge, a route that connects to Knoxville to the west, I-81 continues from where I-40 turns south to North Carolina. Interstate 81 in Virginia is largely a rural route with brief concurrencies with I-77, in Harrisonburg, I-81 cuts through James Madison University. It parallels its older counterpart, U. S. Route 11, Interstate 81 briefly enters the eastern panhandle of West Virginia for about 26 miles, serving the city of Martinsburg. The entire routing is in Berkeley County and serves the Eastern WV Regional Airport, the West Virginia segment was completed in 1966 and there have been no realignments since. West Virginia is currently widening Interstate 81 to six lanes from Martinsburg north to Exit 23 connecting West Virginia and Maryland. Interstate 81 passes through the state of Maryland at one of its narrowest points, being that this stretch is only 12.08 miles, this is the shortest stretch of I-81 among the states that it traverses. The Hagerstown Regional Airport is served by this interstate highway, around the state capital of Harrisburg, the route forms the northeastern section of Pennsylvanias Capital Beltway. The route then travels northeast toward the Wyoming Valley, where it serves the cities of Wilkes-Barre and Scranton, Interstate 81 enters the state of New York near Binghamton. It parallels U. S. Route 11 in a direction, through much of the state. Tennessee I‑40 near Dandridge, northeast of Knoxville I‑26 between the Tri-Cities Virginia I‑581 in Roanoke I‑77 in Wytheville, they joined for about 10 miles. I‑64 in Lexington, they joined through Staunton. US33 in Harrisonburg I‑66 in Middletown Maryland I‑70 in Hagerstown Pennsylvania I‑76 / US11 in Middlesex Township PA581 in Enola US22 / US322 in Harrisburg, i-81/US322 stays joined throughout Harrisburg
10.
George Washington University
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The George Washington University is a private research university in Washington, D. C. GW is the largest institution of education in Washington, D. C. In his will, Washington left his 50 shares in the Potomac Company to help endow the university, however, due to the companys financial difficulties, the funding did not materialize. The university was chartered by an act of Congress on February 9,1821 and its name was changed to Columbian University in 1873 and to the George Washington University in 1904, in honor of Washington. GWs Graduate School of Political Management is the school of applied politics in the nations capital. GWs professional schools and the Elliott School of International Affairs are consistently ranked highly in national and international college rankings lists, the Princeton Review consistently ranks GW as one of the Most Politically Active schools. Some of the graduates have gone on to high positions within both the U. S. government and foreign governments. Notable alumni include former Senate Minority Leader Harry Reid, former Secretary of State Colin Powell and he presented numerous letters to Congress and included the subject in his last will and testament. Baptist missionary and leading minister Luther Rice raised funds to purchase a site in Washington, the first commencement in 1824 was considered an important event for the young city of Washington, D. C. In attendance were President Monroe, John C, Calhoun, Henry Clay, Marquis de Lafayette and other dignitaries. During the Civil War, most students left to join the Confederacy, walt Whitman was among many of the volunteers to work on the campus. Following the war, in 1873, Columbian College became the Columbian University and moved to a downtown location centered on 15th and H streets. The university moved its operations to the D. C. neighborhood of Foggy Bottom in 1912. The George Washington University, like much of Washington, D. C. traces many of its origins back to the Freemasons, the Bible that the presidents of the university use to swear an oath on upon inauguration is the Bible of Freemason George Washington. Freemasonry symbols are displayed throughout the campus including the foundation stones of many of the university buildings. Many of the Colleges of the George Washington University stand out for their age, the Law School is the oldest law school in the District of Columbia. The School of Medicine and Health Sciences is the 11th oldest medical school in the nation, the Columbian College was founded in 1821, and is the oldest unit of the university. The Elliott School of International Affairs was formalized in 1898, the majority of the present infrastructure and financial stability at GW is due to the tenures of Presidents Cloyd Heck Marvin, Lloyd Hartman Elliott and Stephen Joel Trachtenberg
11.
Shenandoah River
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The Shenandoah River /ˌʃɛnənˈdoʊə/ is a tributary of the Potomac River,55.6 miles long with two forks approximately 100 miles long each, in the U. S. states of Virginia and West Virginia. The Shenandoah River is formed northeast of Front Royal near Riverton, by the confluence of the South Fork and it flows northeast across Warren County, passing underneath Interstate 661 mile from its formation. Beyond the I-66 bridge the river flows through a set of bends before turning to the northeast again, five miles downriver from the Clarke County border, the Shenandoah passes under U. S. Route 50 and then passes through a triple bend. Once in West Virginia the river completes six large bends before joining with the Potomac from the south near Harpers Ferry,20 miles from the Virginia-West Virginia border, the Shenandoah valley is underlain by limestone. The fertile soil made it a place for early settlement. It continues to be an agricultural area of Virginia and West Virginia. Some karst topography is evident, and the limestone is honeycombed with caves, several have been developed as commercial tourist attractions, including Luray Caverns, Shenandoah Caverns, and Skyline Caverns. On the riverbank a few miles above Harpers Ferry is said to be a cave with an opening just large enough for a rider to squeeze through. It widened in the interior to a room where hundreds of Col. John Mosbys raiding troops are said to have hidden from pursuing Union cavalry. Since 2005, the Shenandoah River has experienced several springtime fish kills that have affected several of its fish species. In 2005, redbreast sunfish and smallmouth bass along a 100-mile stretch of the South Fork Shenandoah River began dying of lesions caused by bacteria, although the fish kill eventually wiped out 80% of the adult redbreast sunfish and smallmouth bass, juvenile populations appeared to be unaffected. Various accounts tell the origin of the name and he also sent much needed corn to Washington and his troops during their hard winter at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania in 1777-1778. It is also said to be named after the Senedo people, the American folk song Oh Shenandoah has been recorded in the 20th century by a number of notable artists. The song may or may not refer to the Shenandoah River or Valley, the Shenandoah River figures prominently in John Denvers Take Me Home, Country Roads, which associates the river with the state of West Virginia. Only the last 20 miles of the river are in the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia, more than 92% of the river and its forks and tributaries flow through Virginia. The original song Shenandoah River is included on the 2011 album Middle of Everywhere by Pokey LaFarge and those willing to brave the colder water of spring will be rewarded with a more challenging big-water experience. The South Fork is formed at Port Republic in southern Rockingham County, by the confluence of the North River and South River. It flows 98.5 miles northeast in a meandering course, past Elkton and Shenandoah, through Page Valley, with the Blue Ridge Mountains to the east
12.
Bachelor's degree
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A bachelors degree or baccalaureate is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to seven years. In some institutions and educational systems, some bachelors degrees can only be taken as graduate or postgraduate degrees after a first degree has been completed. The term bachelor in the 12th century referred to a knight bachelor, by the end of the 13th century, it was also used by junior members of guilds or universities. By folk etymology or wordplay, the word came to be associated with bacca lauri in reference to laurels being awarded for academic success or honours. An honours degree generally requires an academic standard than a pass degree. In most African countries, the university systems follow the model of their former colonizing power, for example, the Nigerian university system is similar to the British system, while the Ivorian system is akin to the French. The degree is typically identical to the program of Frances universities, bachelors degree programs cover most of the fields in Algerian universities, except some fields, such as Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science. Bachelors degrees at the University of Botswana normally take four years, the system draws on both British and American models. Degrees are classified as First Class, Second Class Division One, Second Class Division Two and Third as in English degrees, but without being described as honours. The main degrees are named by British tradition, but in recent years there have been a numbers of degrees named after specific subjects, such as Bachelor of Library, in Morocco, a bachelors degree is referred to as al-ʾijāzah. The course of study takes three years, which are divided into two cycles. The first cycle comprises the first, or propaedeutic, year, after successfully completing their first two years, students can pursue either theoretical specialization or professional specialization. The second cycle is one long, after whose completion students receive the licence détudes fondamentales or the licence professionnelle. This academic degree system was introduced in September 2003, University admission is extremely competitive, with attendant advantages and disadvantages. Nonetheless, it takes four to five years to complete a bachelors degree, in cases of poor performance, the time limit is double the standard amount of time. For example, one may not study for more than 10 years for a five-year course, students are normally asked to leave if they must take longer. B. Arch. and other specialized undergraduate degrees, such as B. Eng, Science undergraduate degrees may require six months or a semester dedicated to SIWES but it is usually mandatory for all engineering degrees. A semester for project work/thesis is required, not excluding course work, the classifications of degrees, first-class, second-class, third-class and a pass
13.
Master's degree
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A masters degree normally requires previous study at the bachelors level, either as a separate degree or as part of an integrated course. The original meaning of the degree was thus that someone who had been admitted to the rank of master in one university should be admitted to the same rank in other universities. This gradually became formalised as the licentia docendi, initially, the Bachelor of Arts was awarded for the study of the trivium and the Master of Arts for the study of the quadrivium. The nineteenth century saw an expansion in the variety of masters degrees offered. By 1861 this had been adopted throughout Scotland as well as by Cambridge and Durham in England, when the Philadelphia College of Surgeons was established in 1870, it too conferred the Master of Surgery, the same as that in Europe. In the United States, the first masters degrees were awarded at Harvard University soon after its foundation, at Harvard the 1700 regulations required that candidates for the masters degree had to pass a public examination, but by 1835 this was awarded Oxbridge-style 3 years after the BA. In Scotland, Edinburgh maintained separate BA and MA degrees until the mid nineteenth century, in Scotland all the statutes of the Universities which enforced conditions on the grant of degrees were a dead letter. Probably the most important masters degree introduced in the 19th century was the Master of Science, at the University of Michigan this was introduced in two forms in 1858, in course, first awarded in 1859, and on examination, first awarded in 1862. The in course MS was last awarded in 1876, in Britain, however, the degree took a while longer to arrive. The same two degrees, again omitting the masters, were awarded at Edinburgh, despite the MA being the undergraduate degree for Arts in Scotland. In 1862, a Royal Commission suggested that Durham should award masters degrees in theology and science and this scheme would appear to have then been quietly dropped, with Oxford going on to award BAs and MAs in science. The Master of Science degree was introduced in Britain in 1878 at Durham. At the Victoria University both the MA and MSc followed the lead of Durhams MA in requiring an examination for those with an ordinary bachelors degree. The Bologna declaration in 1999 started the Bologna Process, leading to the creation of the European Higher Education Area, as the process continued, descriptors were introduced for all three levels in 2004, and ECTS credit guidelines were developed. This led to questions as to the status of the masters degrees. In 1903, the London Daily News criticised the practice of Oxford and Cambridge, calling their MAs the most stupendous of academic frauds, in 1900, Dartmouth College introduced the Master of Commercial Science, first awarded in 1902. This was the first masters degree in business, the forerunner of the modern MBA, the idea quickly crossed the Atlantic, with Manchester establishing a Faculty of Commerce, awarding Bachelor and Master of Commerce degrees, in 1903. Over the first half of the century the masters degrees for honours graduates vanished as honours degrees became the standard undergraduate qualification in the UK
14.
Doctoral
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There are a variety of doctoral degrees, with the most common being the Doctor of Philosophy, which is awarded in many different fields, ranging from the humanities to the scientific disciplines. The term doctor derives from the Latin docere meaning to teach, the doctorate appeared in medieval Europe as a license to teach Latin at a university. Its roots can be traced to the church in which the term doctor referred to the Apostles, church fathers. The right to grant a licentia docendi was originally reserved to the Catholic church, the Third Council of the Lateran of 1179 guaranteed the access—at that time largely free of charge—of all able applicants. This right remained a bone of contention between the authorities and universities that were slowly distancing themselves from the Church. The right was granted by the pope to the University of Paris in 1213 where it became a universal license to teach, according to Keith Allan Noble, the first doctoral degree was awarded in medieval Paris around 1150. The so-called professional, vocational, or technical curriculum of the Middle Ages included only theology, law, the doctorate of philosophy developed in Germany in the 17th century. The term philosophy does not refer solely to the field or academic discipline of philosophy, but is used in a sense in accordance with its original Greek meaning. In most of Europe, all fields were traditionally known as philosophy, the doctorate of philosophy adheres to this historic convention, even though the degrees are not always for the study of philosophy. D. University doctoral training was a form of apprenticeship to a guild, the traditional term of study before new teachers were admitted to the guild of Masters of Arts was seven years, matching the apprenticeship term for other occupations. Originally the terms master and doctor were synonymous, but over time the doctorate came to be regarded as a higher qualification than the masters degree, University degrees, including doctorates, were originally restricted to men. The use and meaning of the doctorate has changed over time, for instance, until the early 20th century few academic staff or professors in English-speaking universities held doctorates, except for very senior scholars and those in holy orders. After that time the German practice of requiring lecturers to have completed a research doctorate spread, universities shift to research-oriented education increased the doctorates importance. Today, a doctorate or its equivalent is generally a prerequisite for an academic career. Professional doctorates developed in the United States from the 19th century onward, the first professional doctorate to be offered in the United States was the M. D. The MD became the standard first degree in medicine during the 19th century, the MD, as the standard qualifying degree in medicine, gave that profession the ability to set and raise standards for entry into professional practice. The modern research degree, in the shape of the German-style Ph. D. was first awarded in the U. S. in 1861, in the UK, research doctorates initially took the form of higher doctorates, introduced from 1882 onwards. The PhD spread to the UK from the US via Canada, following the MD, the next professional doctorate, the Juris Doctor, was established by Chicago University in 1902
15.
Shenandoah Hornets
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The Shenandoah Hornets are the athletic teams that represent Shenandoah University, located in Winchester, Virginia, in NCAA Division III intercollegiate sports. The Hornets compete as members of the Old Dominion Athletic Conference, altogether, Shenandoah sponsors 19 sports,9 for men and 10 for women. Previously, the Hornets were members of the USA South Athletic Conference, the men’s baseball team played in four straight regionals from 2009-12, and the Division III national championships in 2009 and 2010. Shenandoahs football team were co-champions of the USA South twice, both times with,2003 and 2004, additionally, Shenandoah has made one appearance in the NCAA Division III Football Championship, in 2004. However, the Hornets were defeated in the first round by Delaware Valley, in the fall of 2011, the womens soccer team won the USA South Conference Championship for the first time in school history. The team also played in the first round of the NCAA tournament for the first time, in the spring of 2008, the womens softball team captured its first-ever USA South Athletic Conference championship in school history, finishing with a record of 30-12. Official Website of Shenandoah Hornets Athletics
16.
NCAA Division III
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Sports Division III is a division of the National Collegiate Athletic Association of the United States. The division consists of colleges and universities that choose not to offer athletically related financial aid to their student-athletes, as explained in more detail in the article about NCAA Division II, the NCAAs first split was into two divisions. The former College Division formed because many NCAA member schools wanted an alternative to the nature of what is now Division I. Division III formed in 1973, in a split of the College Division, the former College Division members that chose to offer athletic scholarships or to remain in a division with those who did became Division II, while members that did not became Division III. Division III is the NCAA’s largest division with 438 active member institutions, of the member institutions, 81% are private, while only 19% are public. Division III schools range in size from an undergraduate enrollment of 348 to a maximum of 21,247. Division III institutions have to sponsor at least five sports for men and five for women, there are minimum contest and participant minimums for each sport. Division III athletic programs are non-revenue-generating, extracurricular programs that are staffed and funded like any other university department, hence, they feature student-athletes who receive no financial aid related to their athletic ability. Student athletes also cannot redshirt as freshmen, and schools may not use endowments or funds whose primary purpose is to benefit athletic programs, Division III schools shall not award financial aid to any student on the basis of athletics leadership, ability, participation or performance. The ban on scholarships is strictly enforced. S, an all-sports conference is defined here as one that sponsors both mens and womens basketball. A conference name followed by * denotes a conference also sponsors football. Six of them are grandfathered schools that have competed at the highest level of a particular mens sport prior to the institution of the Division classifications in 1971. Presumably due to Title IX considerations, grandfathered schools are allowed to field one womens sport in Division I. These schools are allowed to offer scholarships in their Division I mens and womens sports to remain competitive with their opponents. The State University of New York at Oneonta, which had been grandfathered in mens soccer, rutgers University–Newark, which had been grandfathered in mens volleyball, did the same in 2014. Academic-based and need-based financial aid is available, as is the case for Division III. Franklin and Marshall College Hobart College Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT also fields mens rowing, lawrence continues to field a fencing team, but that team is now considered Division III. Football and basketball may not be grandfathered Division I programs because their potential would give them an unfair advantage over other Division III schools
17.
National Collegiate Athletic Association
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The National Collegiate Athletic Association is a non-profit association which regulates athletes of 1,281 institutions, conferences, organizations, and individuals. It also organizes the programs of many colleges and universities in the United States and Canada. The organization is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana, in 2014, the NCAA generated almost a billion dollars in revenue. 80 to 90% of this revenue was due to the Division I Mens Basketball Tournament and this revenue is then distributed back into various organizations and institutions across the United States. In August 1973, the current three-division setup of Division I, Division II, under NCAA rules, Division I and Division II schools can offer scholarships to athletes for playing a sport. Division III schools may not offer any athletic scholarships, generally, larger schools compete in Division I and smaller schools in II and III. Division I football was divided into I-A and I-AA in 1978. Subsequently, the term Division I-AAA was briefly added to delineate Division I schools which do not field a football program at all, in 2006, Divisions I-A and I-AA were respectively renamed the Football Bowl Subdivision and Football Championship Subdivision. Inter-collegiate sports began in the US in 1852 when crews from Harvard University, as other sports emerged, notably football and basketball, many of these same concepts and standards were adopted. Football, in particular, began to emerge as a marquee sport, the IAAUS was officially established on March 31,1906, and took its present name, the NCAA, in 1910. For several years, the NCAA was a group and rules-making body, but in 1921, the first NCAA national championship was conducted. Gradually, more rules committees were formed and more championships were created, a series of crises brought the NCAA to a crossroads after World War II. The Sanity Code – adopted to establish guidelines for recruiting and financial aid – failed to curb abuses, postseason football games were multiplying with little control, and member schools were increasingly concerned about how the new medium of television would affect football attendance. The complexity of problems and the growth in membership and championships demonstrated the need for full-time professional leadership. Walter Byers, previously an executive assistant, was named executive director in 1951. Byers wasted no time placing his stamp on the Association, as college athletics grew, the scope of the nations athletics programs diverged, forcing the NCAA to create a structure that recognized varying levels of emphasis. In 1973, the Associations membership was divided into three legislative and competitive divisions – I, II, and III, five years later in 1978, Division I members voted to create subdivisions I-A and I-AA in football. Until the 1980s, the association did not offer womens athletics, instead, the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women, with nearly 1000 member schools, governed womens collegiate sports in the United States
18.
Old Dominion Athletic Conference
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The Old Dominion Athletic Conference is an NCAA Division III athletic conference. Of its 14 member schools, all but one are located in Virginia, the conference also has four associate members in Maryland, North Carolina, Virginia, and Washington, D. C. The conference was founded in 1975 as the Virginia College Conference, on January 1,1976, the name was changed to the Old Dominion Athletic Conference. The 1976–77 season was the first in which championships were offered, in 1982–83, womens sports were added. In 1981, Catholic University joined the conference after leaving Division Is Colonial Athletic Association, in 1988, Virginia Wesleyan was added as a member, and, in 1990, Guilford became the first member located outside D. C. and Virginia. Maryville College was a member in the 1980s. In 1989 Catholic left the conference to become a member of the Capital Athletic Conference. The next school to leave the conference was Mary Baldwin College, in 2010 the ODAC announced the addition of Shenandoah University to its full-time membership, with its first full year of involvement during the 2012–13 academic year. The league office moved its location from Salem, Virginia, to Forest, Virginia, just outside centrally located Lynchburg. On March 3,2015, Sweet Briar College announced it was to close at the end of the 2015 summer session, however, on June 20,2015, the Virginia Attorney General announced a mediation agreement that will keep Sweet Briar College open for the 2015–16 academic year. Sweet Briar reactivated its sports teams in the 2015-16 season and remained a member of the ODAC. On September 29,2015, it was announced that Catholic University would withdraw in 2017 as associate member to join the new league at the New England Womens and Mens Athletic Conference. The conference hosts the Division III championships in football and mens basketball, DIII softball has called Salem home along with Division III womens lacrosse and volleyball. Since 1993 - the conference and city have hosted over 50 Division III national championships, notes † - Womens college, therefore not competing in mens sports. ^ - Mens college, therefore not competing in womens sports. % - Hollins University does not have an athletic nickname. * - Formerly Randolph-Macon Womans College prior to 2008, the conference sponsors championships in the following sports, Official website
19.
USA South Athletic Conference
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The USA South Athletic Conference is an athletic conference which competes in the NCAAs Division III. Member schools are located in North Carolina, Virginia, Georgia, Tennessee, the geographic footprint will expand to Kentucky in 2017. Member teams compete in basketball, cross country, lacrosse, soccer, softball, tennis and volleyball and mens baseball, basketball, football, golf, soccer. During the 2010–11 school year, changes to the membership of the USA South were announced, three colleges announced plans to join the USA South Conference beginning in the 2012-2013 season while one will depart the league. Piedmont College, LaGrange College and Maryville College joined the Great South Athletic Conference on July 1,2012. Shenandoah University left the USA South on July 1,2012, to become a member of the Old Dominion Athletic Conference. On May 10,2012, Covenant College and Huntingdon College announced plans to leave the Great South, the conference announced the future arrival of three more schools during the 2015–16 school year. First, it announced on December 9,2015 that Brevard College, transitioning from the NCAA Division II South Atlantic Conference to Division III, would join for 2017–18, both are set to join in 2017–18 as well. Notes † - Womens college, therefore not competing in mens sports, ‡ - William Peace, formerly known as Peace College, began admitting men for the Fall 2012 semester and is currently sponsoring mens sports. ^ - Football-playing member Notes ^ - Football-playing member
20.
British Council
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The British Council is a British organisation specialising in international cultural and educational opportunities. The British Council is a charity registered in England and Wales and it is also a public corporation and an executive nondepartmental public body, sponsored by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office. Its headquarters are off Trafalgar Square, London and its Chair is Christopher Rodrigues, its CEO is Sir Ciarán Devane and chief operating officer Adrian Greer. 1934, British Foreign Office officials created the British Committee for Relations with Other Countries to support English education abroad, promote British culture, the name quickly became British Council for Relations with Other Countries. 1936, The organisation’s name was shortened to the British Council. 1938, The British Council opens its first four offices in Bucarest, Cairo, Lisbon, the offices in Portugal are currently the oldest in continuous operation in the world. 1942, The British Council undertook a promotion of British culture overseas, the music section of the project was a recording of significant recent compositions by British composers, E. J. 1944, In August, after the liberation of Paris, Austin Gill was sent by the council to reestablish the Paris office,2007, The Russian Foreign Ministry ordered the British Council to close its offices outside Moscow. This caused the British Council to cease carrying out all English-language examinations in Russia from January 2008, in early 2009, a Russian arbitration court ruled that the majority of the tax claims, valued at $6.6 million, were unjustified. All the attackers were killed in counter-attacks by forces guarding the compound, the British Council office was relocated to the British Embassy compound, as the British Council compound was destroyed in the suicide attack. 2013, The British Council in Tripoli, Libya was targeted by a car bomb on the morning of 23 April, diplomatic sources were reported as saying that the bombers were foiled as they were preparing to park a rigged vehicle in front of the compound gate. A jihadist group calling itself the Mujahedeen Brigade was suspected possibly linked to Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb, the British Council is organised into 7 Regions. The British Council has offices in, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Jamaica, Mexico, Peru, Trinidad, Venezuela, Uruguay and the United States of America. The British Council has offices in, Australia, Brunei, Burma, China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam and New Zealand. The British Council has offices in, Egypt, Algeria, Bahrain, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Israel, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen. The British Council has offices in, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, the British Council is a charity governed by Royal Charter. It is also a corporation and an executive nondepartmental public body, sponsored by the Foreign. Its headquarters are off Trafalgar Square, London and its Chair is Christopher Rodrigues, its CEO is Sir Ciarán Devane and chief operating officer Adrian Greer
21.
Northern Ireland
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Northern Ireland is a constituent unit of the United Kingdom in the north-east of Ireland. It is variously described as a country, province, region, or part of the United Kingdom, Northern Ireland shares a border to the south and west with the Republic of Ireland. In 2011, its population was 1,810,863, constituting about 30% of the total population. Northern Ireland was created in 1921, when Ireland was partitioned between Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland by an act of the British parliament, Northern Ireland has historically been the most industrialised region of Ireland. After declining as a result of the political and social turmoil of the Troubles, its economy has grown significantly since the late 1990s. Unemployment in Northern Ireland peaked at 17. 2% in 1986, dropping to 6. 1% for June–August 2014,58. 2% of those unemployed had been unemployed for over a year. Prominent artists and sports persons from Northern Ireland include Van Morrison, Rory McIlroy, Joey Dunlop, Wayne McCullough, some people from Northern Ireland prefer to identify as Irish while others prefer to identify as British. Cultural links between Northern Ireland, the rest of Ireland, and the rest of the UK are complex, in many sports, the island of Ireland fields a single team, a notable exception being association football. Northern Ireland competes separately at the Commonwealth Games, and people from Northern Ireland may compete for either Great Britain or Ireland at the Olympic Games. The region that is now Northern Ireland was the bedrock of the Irish war of resistance against English programmes of colonialism in the late 16th century, the English-controlled Kingdom of Ireland had been declared by the English king Henry VIII in 1542, but Irish resistance made English control fragmentary. Victories by English forces in war and further Protestant victories in the Williamite War in Ireland toward the close of the 17th century solidified Anglican rule in Ireland. In Northern Ireland, the victories of the Siege of Derry and their intention was to materially disadvantage the Catholic community and, to a lesser extent, the Presbyterian community. In the context of open institutional discrimination, the 18th century saw secret, militant societies develop in communities in the region and act on sectarian tensions in violent attacks. Following this, in an attempt to quell sectarianism and force the removal of discriminatory laws, the new state, formed in 1801, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, was governed from a single government and parliament based in London. Between 1717 and 1775 some 250,000 people from Ulster emigrated to the British North American colonies and it is estimated that there are more than 27 million Scotch-Irish Americans now living in the US. By the close of the century, autonomy for Ireland within the United Kingdom, in 1912, after decades of obstruction from the House of Lords, Home Rule became a near-certainty. A clash between the House of Commons and House of Lords over a controversial budget produced the Parliament Act 1911, which enabled the veto of the Lords to be overturned. The House of Lords veto had been the unionists main guarantee that Home Rule would not be enacted, in 1914, they smuggled thousands of rifles and rounds of ammunition from Imperial Germany for use by the Ulster Volunteers, a paramilitary organisation opposed to the implementation of Home Rule
22.
United Kingdom
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The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland, with an area of 242,500 square kilometres, the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants, together, this makes it the fourth-most densely populated country in the European Union. The United Kingdom is a monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance. The monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who has reigned since 6 February 1952, other major urban areas in the United Kingdom include the regions of Birmingham, Leeds, Glasgow, Liverpool and Manchester. The United Kingdom consists of four countries—England, Scotland, Wales, the last three have devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in their capitals, Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast, respectively. The relationships among the countries of the UK have changed over time, Wales was annexed by the Kingdom of England under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542. A treaty between England and Scotland resulted in 1707 in a unified Kingdom of Great Britain, which merged in 1801 with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922, leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain, there are fourteen British Overseas Territories. These are the remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in the 1920s, British influence can be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies. The United Kingdom is a country and has the worlds fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP. The UK is considered to have an economy and is categorised as very high in the Human Development Index. It was the worlds first industrialised country and the worlds foremost power during the 19th, the UK remains a great power with considerable economic, cultural, military, scientific and political influence internationally. It is a nuclear weapons state and its military expenditure ranks fourth or fifth in the world. The UK has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946 and it has been a leading member state of the EU and its predecessor, the European Economic Community, since 1973. However, on 23 June 2016, a referendum on the UKs membership of the EU resulted in a decision to leave. The Acts of Union 1800 united the Kingdom of Great Britain, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have devolved self-government
23.
Kate Flannery
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Katherine Patricia Kate Flannery is an American actress known for playing the role of Meredith Palmer on the NBC series The Office. Flannery was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and she attended Saint John Neumann School and Archbishop John Carroll High School in Radnor, Pennsylvania. She studied for two years at Shenandoah University and graduated from the University of the Arts in Philadelphia and she is one of seven children in an Irish-American family. She is three minutes younger than her sister who is a social worker. The Lampshades, her comedy act with veteran improviser Scot Robinson, has been running in Hollywood at the iO WEST stage for over four years and was seen at the U. S. Comedy Arts Festival in Aspen, Colorado, the Lampshades was New York magazines LA Pick for 2006 and was declared Best Saturday Comedy Show of the Year by LA Weekly. Flannery played Neely OHara in Off Broadway hit Valley of the Dolls at the Circle in the Square Theatre in New York City and she is the musical director of the Los Angeles Drama Club, teaching Shakespeare to children and young adults. Flannery was a member of the band Mono Puff using the stage name Lady Puff and she toured with the band and sang on their second album, Its Fun to Steal. Flannery appeared as the alcoholic, divorced, single mother Meredith Palmer on the television comedy The Office, before The Office, she made appearances on The Bernie Mac Show, Boomtown, Curb Your Enthusiasm, and Jimmy Kimmel Live. In 2008, Flannery was a talent scout on Last Comic Standing with her Office costar Brian Baumgartner, Flannery also appeared as a judge in a 2009 episode of Iron Chef America. She was a contestant on Dont Forget the Lyrics and she is currently the host of Standup in Stilettos on the TV Guide network. In 2016, she played a janitor in an episode of Brooklyn Nine-Nine, Kate Flannery on MySpace Kate Flannery at the Internet Movie Database The Lampshades, Flannerys comedy lounge act
24.
The Office (U.S. TV series)
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The Office is an American television comedy series that aired on NBC from March 24,2005 to May 16,2013. It is an adaptation of the BBC series of the same name, the Office was adapted for American audiences by Greg Daniels, a veteran writer for Saturday Night Live, King of the Hill, and The Simpsons. It is co-produced by Daniels Deedle-Dee Productions, and Reveille Productions, the original executive producers were Greg Daniels, Howard Klein, Ben Silverman, Ricky Gervais, and Stephen Merchant, with numerous others being promoted in later seasons. The series depicts the lives of office employees in the Scranton, Pennsylvania. To simulate the look of a documentary, it is filmed in a single-camera setup. The show debuted on NBC as a replacement and ran for nine seasons and 201 episodes. The Office initially featured Steve Carell, Rainn Wilson, John Krasinski, Jenna Fischer and B. J. Novak as the main cast, the first season of The Office was met with mixed reviews, but the following four seasons received widespread acclaim from television critics. These seasons were included on several critics year-end top TV series lists, winning awards including four Primetime Emmy Awards. While later seasons were criticized for a decline in quality, earlier writers oversaw the final season, Greg Daniels served as the senior series showrunner for the first four seasons of the series and developed the British series for American television. He then left the position when he co-created the comedy series Parks and Recreation with fellow Office writer Michael Schur, Paul Lieberstein and Jennifer Celotta were named the series showrunners for the fifth season. Celotta left the series after the season and Lieberstein stayed on as showrunner for the following two seasons. He left the spot after the eighth season for the potential Dwight Schrute spin-off, The Farm. Daniels returned to the position for the ninth and final season. Other executive producers include cast members B. J. Novak, Kaling, Novak, Daniels, Lieberstein and Schur made up the original team of writers. Kaling, Novak and Lieberstein also serve multiple roles on the series, as they play regular characters on the show, as well as write, direct, credited with twenty-four episodes, Kaling is the most prolific writer on the staff. Ricky Gervais and Stephen Merchant, who created the original British series, are credited as producers, and wrote the pilot. Merchant later directed the episode Customer Survey while Gervais appeared in the episodes The Seminar, randall Einhorn is the most frequent director of the series, with 15 credited episodes. Episodes have been directed by several of the actors on the show including Steve Carell, John Krasinski, Rainn Wilson, Ed Helms, before the series aired its second episode, the writers spent time researching in offices
25.
Indigenous peoples of the Americas
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The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian peoples of the Americas and their descendants. The term Amerindian is used in Quebec, the Guianas, Indigenous peoples of the United States are commonly known as Native Americans or American Indians, and Alaska Natives. Application of the term Indian originated with Christopher Columbus, who, in his search for Asia, eventually, the Americas came to be known as the West Indies, a name still used to refer to the islands of the Caribbean Sea. This led to the blanket term Indies and Indians for the indigenous inhabitants, although some indigenous peoples of the Americas were traditionally hunter-gatherers—and many, especially in the Amazon basin, still are—many groups practiced aquaculture and agriculture. The impact of their agricultural endowment to the world is a testament to their time, although some societies depended heavily on agriculture, others practiced a mix of farming, hunting, and gathering. In some regions the indigenous peoples created monumental architecture, large-scale organized cities, chiefdoms, states, and empires. Many parts of the Americas are still populated by peoples, some countries have sizable populations, especially Belize, Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador, Greenland, Guatemala, Mexico. At least a different indigenous languages are spoken in the Americas. Some, such as the Quechuan languages, Aymara, Guaraní, Mayan languages, many also maintain aspects of indigenous cultural practices to varying degrees, including religion, social organization, and subsistence practices. Like most cultures, over time, cultures specific to many indigenous peoples have evolved to incorporate traditional aspects, some indigenous peoples still live in relative isolation from Western culture and a few are still counted as uncontacted peoples. The specifics of Paleo-Indian migration to and throughout the Americas, including the dates and routes traveled, are the subject of ongoing research. According to archaeological and genetic evidence, North and South America were the last continents in the world with human habitation. During the Wisconsin glaciation, 50–17,000 years ago, falling sea levels allowed people to move across the bridge of Beringia that joined Siberia to northwest North America. Alaska was a glacial refugium because it had low snowfall, allowing a small population to exist, the Laurentide Ice Sheet covered most of North America, blocking nomadic inhabitants and confining them to Alaska for thousands of years. Indigenous genetic studies suggest that the first inhabitants of the Americas share a single population, one that developed in isolation. The isolation of these peoples in Beringia might have lasted 10–20,000 years, around 16,500 years ago, the glaciers began melting, allowing people to move south and east into Canada and beyond. These people are believed to have followed herds of now-extinct Pleistocene megafauna along ice-free corridors that stretched between the Laurentide and Cordilleran Ice Sheets. Another route proposed involves migration - either on foot or using primitive boats - along the Pacific Northwest coast to the south, archeological evidence of the latter would have been covered by the sea level rise of more than 120 meters since the last ice age
26.
Shenandoah University
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Shenandoah University is a comprehensive private liberal arts university located in Winchester, Virginia in the United States. It has an enrollment of approximately 4,000 students across more than 90 programs in seven schools, College of Arts & Sciences, Harry F. Byrd, Jr. School of Business, Shenandoah Conservatory, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, Eleanor Wade Custer School of Nursing, School of Health Professions, Shenandoah University is one of five United Methodist Church-affiliated institutions of higher education in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The U. S. News and World Reports Inaugural Best Colleges for Veterans listing places Shenandoah University at #6 among regional universities in the South. Shenandoah University was featured as one of the 322 most environmentally responsible colleges in the U. S. and Canada, according to The Princeton Review. The university earned a rating of 90, and it was profiled in the fourth annual edition of the free downloadable book. Shenandoah University’s endowment increased from $54.9 million in fiscal 2013 to $62.6 million in fiscal 2014. The endowment had a rate of 17.5 percent in 2014. The university was founded as Shenandoah Seminary in 1875 in Dayton, Virginia, by Dr. Abraham Funkhouser, Shenandoah Seminary became a junior college in 1924, changing its name to Shenandoah College the following year. Shenandoah Conservatory became a corporation in 1937 and began granting four-year degrees. In 1960, Shenandoah College and the Shenandoah Conservatory moved to the current 126-acre Winchester campus, Shenandoah obtained university status on January 1,1991, and today the student body represents 43 states plus the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. The student body and faculty combined represent 73 countries, ninety-one percent of full-time faculty have an earned doctorate in their fields or a terminal degree. The Northern Virginia Campus in Ashburn, Va, the Northern Virginia Campus at George Washington University is the location for doctoral-level programs in pharmacy. There are also a number of offices and facilities located throughout Winchester. In 2013, Shenandoah University accepted stewardship of 195 acres of land along the Shenandoah River, purchased by the Civil War Trust in 2012, stewardship of the property transferred to the university in spring 2013 to ensure protection and preservation of the former battlefield site. The property now serves as a classroom and living laboratory for the university community. Shenandoah offers more than 90 programs of study at the bachelors-, masters-, undergraduate and graduate certificate programs are also available. College of Arts & Sciences Harry F. Byrd, Jr, only 655 business schools worldwide hold AACSB accreditation
27.
Appalachian College of Pharmacy
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The Appalachian College of Pharmacy, formerly known as the University of Appalachia, College of Pharmacy, is a private doctoral pharmacy school located in Oakwood, Virginia. The school, established in 2003, is Virginias only three-year accelerated Doctor of Pharmacy program, aCPs mission is to improve the health outcomes of rural and underserved communities, particularly those in Central Appalachia, through education, service, and scholarship. The school matriculated its first class of students in August 2005, with Edgar R. Gonzalez as president and founding dean and this change was made because the previous name did not accurately represent the singular stand-alone nature of the College’s operations. ACP, like the Appalachian School of Law, was envisioned to become an economic redevelopment tool for the region, since the college opened, an apartment complex, multiple multi-family housing units, restaurants, and a Walmart have opened less than fifteen miles from the college. The school has been estimated to have added $20 million per year to the local economy, ACP is one of fewer than twenty colleges of pharmacy in the United States that offers a three-year accelerated Doctor of Pharmacy program. A minimum of 140 credits and more than 1,700 hours of coursework are required for graduation. The majority of experiential coursework occurs during the year of study. ACP received full accreditation from the Accreditation Council for Pharmacy Education in January 2010, the college was awarded full accreditation from the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools in December 2011, rendering students eligible to apply for Title IV federal financial aid. Additionally, ACP is certified by the State Council of Higher Education for Virginia to operate in Virginia, ACP requires that applicants apply online via PharmCAS. Each applicant must also complete and submit an application directly to ACP. Beginning in April 2014, international applicants, not living in the United States, the colleges first campus, known as the Slate Creek campus, was located four miles east of Grundy, Virginia. This facility opened in 2005 to the class as their primary facility for study and closed in June 2009 when the college moved all operations. The colleges Garden campus, located in Oakwood, Virginia, opened in the fall of 2006 as the facilities for the second class of students enrolled at ACP. In January 2008, construction of a building began at the Garden campus to consolidate the college onto one campus. An Office of Research opened in June 2013 in McGlothlin Hall, at which time additional laboratory equipment was purchased to support research involving cancer biomarkers, the campus now totals more than eight acres. The Class of 2014s overall pass rate for the North American Pharmacists Licensure Examination was 95. 83%, with 95. 65% of students passing in their first attempt. The Class of 2014 also achieved overall and first-attempt pass rates that were higher than the averages for 2014. A PGY-1 community-based residency program began in July 2011 and was expanded in July 2012 from one position to three
28.
Appalachian School of Law
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The Appalachian School of Law is a fully accredited private law school on a four building campus in Grundy, Virginia, a small town near the convergence of Virginia, Kentucky, and West Virginia. The school offers a three-year Juris Doctor degree, and enrolls approximately 370 full-time students, the law school was founded in 1994 and it admitted its first class of students in August 1997. ASL was started and brought to Buchanan County, Virginia as a tool of development for the region. The school is accredited by the American Bar Association. Each student is required to complete an externship before graduation. According to ASLs 2013 ABA-required disclosures, half of the Class of 2013 obtained full-time, long-term, ASL was also the site of a triple homicide that took place on January 16,2002. Princeton Review named ASL one of the 168 best law schools, ASL traces its roots back to 1993 when Norton, Virginia lawyer Joe Wolfe came up with the idea to create a law school in Central Appalachia. His idea was received by local business leaders and a steering committee was founded in 1994. Buchanan County, Virginia approached the committee in 1996 and offered the grounds, high Schools to which the steering committee accepted. A $1 million loan financed the buildings renovations, the State Council of Higher Education in Virginia granted the school the ability to enroll students studying for the Juris Doctor Degree in 1997. The charter class of 71 students first attended classes on August 12,1997, Buchanan County brought ASL to Grundy in order to revitalize a town that had been in a steady economic decline since the towns Flood of 1977. ASL has brought an economic impact on its home town, including spurring construction of rental homes. ASL has become a story for the concept of higher education as an economic development tool. The school has brought in $12 million per year to the local economy, ASLs economic success spurred the conception and implementation of the Appalachian College of Pharmacy, which was founded in 2003 and opened its doors in 2005. The total cost of attendance at ASL for the 2014-2015 academic year is $41,950, the Law School Transparency estimated debt-financed cost of attendance for three years is $192,424. According to ASLs official 2013 ABA-required disclosures, 50% of the Class of 2013 obtained full-time, long-term, JD-required employment nine months after graduation. On January 16,2002, ASL Dean Anthony Sutin, Professor Thomas Blackwell, when Odighizuwa exited the building, he was subdued by two students armed with personal firearms. At his trial, Odighizuwa was found mentally competent, pleaded guilty to the murders to avoid the death penalty,67. 6% of the student body is male, while 32. 4% of the student body is female
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The Art Institutes
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The Art Institutes are a system of for-profit art colleges with 50 locations across the United States and one in Vancouver, Canada. However, at least 19 schools are in the process of closing, five schools are losing their accreditation. The schools offer degrees, bachelors degrees, associate degrees, and certificates in visual, creative, applied. The Art Institutes parent company, Education Management Corporation, is headquartered in Pittsburgh, in November 2014, EDMC was delisted from the NASDAQ amid financial difficulties, lawsuits, and investigations and its stock is valued at less than one cent per share. Educational accreditation of The Art Institutes and their programs varies among campuses, one of its accreditors, Accrediting Council for Independent Colleges and Schools, has been criticized by a dozen states Attorneys General for its lax standards. In June 2016, the US Department of Education voted to end ACICS power to accredit, ACICS was stripped of its power to accredit in September. In December, nine additional Art Institutes were placed on probation by their accreditor, Southern Association of Colleges, thousands of former students of the Art Institutes claim they have been deceived and misled by the schools and their recruiters and have filed claims with the US Department of Education. Art Institute students are able to file defense to repayment claims with the US Department of Education, in 2017, Education Management Corporation reported that it had sold the existing Art Institutes to The Dream Foundation, a Los Angeles-based Pentecostal organization. The Art Institutes system was created in 1969 when Education Management Corporation acquired The Art Institute of Pittsburgh, throughout the 2000s, The Art Institutes expanded through the acquisition of existing art colleges and the establishment of new Art Institutes. In 2001, there were around 20 campuses of The Art Institutes, EDMCs initial public offering was in 2009. Todd S. Nelson, who was previously the CEO of Apollo Education Group, became a became an EDMC board member in 2007, in 2011, Frontline released a documentary titled Educating Sergeant Pantzke. In the documentary, Iraq war veteran Chris Pantzke discussed the lack of disability services at the school, according to Pantzke, Being a soldier, you don’t want to quit, you don’t want to give up or fail. After doing his own research, Pantzke concluded that the degree he was pursuing wasn’t worth much more than the paper is worth, EDMC has attributed the drop in enrollment to limited access to Parent Loan for Undergraduate Students and the economic recession. In February 2013, EDMC announced plans for a tuition freeze at The Art Institutes. Under this plan, the company pledged to maintain the current cost of tuition through 2015, in June 2013, EDMC announced that its President John Mazzoni would resign effective July 14,2013, after 27 years at the organization. Charles Restivo, Group Vice President, would become the Interim President of The Art Institutes, in 2014, the US Department of Education reported that ten EDMC campuses, including several Art Institutes, were placed under heightened cash monitoring. The Art Institute of Pittsburgh was one of the schools listed, in May 2015, EDMC announced that it would be closing the doors of 15 of the Art Institute locations. A total of 5,432 students are enrolled among the campuses that are slated to close, some of the campuses slated to close include ones in Atlanta, Ohio, New York City, Texas and Pennsylvania
30.
Averett University
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Averett University is a private non-profit college in Danville, Virginia, United States, in south-central Virginia near the North Carolina border. Founded in 1859 as a college, Averett became a 4-year. In 2011 the university restored its Baptist affiliation, renewing a relationship that had existed from Averetts founding until 2005, the school was chartered in 1859 as Union Female College and became affiliated with the Baptist General Association of Virginia in 1910. The schools name was changed to Averett College and received accreditation as a college in 1917. Accreditation by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools followed in 1928, Averett became a coeducational four-year college in 1969 and offered its first graduate programs in the 1980s. The school changed its name to Averett University in 2001, in 2005, the Baptist General Association of Virginia dissolved their ties with Averett after two years of growing disagreement over homosexuality. In November 2011, the Baptist General Association of Virginia voted to restore the relationship with Averett University. In 2011, 54% of applicants were admitted, applications are accepted on a rolling basis. Averett offers associate and bachelors programs in approximately 30 majors. There are also two masters degree programs available, Master of Education degree and a Master of Business Administration degree, Averetts main campus is a 19-acre campus located on West Main Street in Danville. The 70-acre North Campus Athletic Center and Averett Flight Center at Danville Regional Airport are also located within Danville, the 100-acre Equestrian Center in Pelham, NC lies just across the Virginia-North Carolina border. Averetts adult education program, Graduate and Professional Studies, has campus centers in Danville, Richmond, GPS classes are offered at 12 locations around Virginia. There are a number of ways through which students can become involved in campus activities, Averett Student Foundation members represent the University at special functions such as plays, receptions and donor recognition events. Averetts student-run news magazine, established in 1922, the Student Government Association is the governing body of students at Averett University. The Averett Cougars play in NCAA Division III in the USA South Athletic Conference, the baseball team has been coached by Ed Fulton since 1996. In 19 seasons at Averett, Fultons teams have won nearly 400 games, the mens basketball team is coached by David Doino who has served as the head coach of the Averett mens basketball program since August 2014, when he replaced Matt Parke. Doino became the coach of the mens basketball program since it began NCAA play in 1976. He took over a program that has a history of success, including four NCAA Tournament appearances and he came to Averett after serving as an assistant coach at North Carolina Wesleyan College
31.
Bluefield College
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Bluefield College is a small, Christian liberal arts college in Bluefield, Virginia, United States. It offers 22 majors, and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges, the 82-acre campus is about 150 ft from the state line between Virginia and West Virginia. Bluefield College was founded in 1922 by the Baptist General Association of Virginia, after residents of Bluefield offered to donate land, Landsdell became the first president in 1920, and the current administration building is named Landsdell Hall in his honor. At its founding, Bluefield was a junior college. Future Nobel Prize winner John F. Nash took mathematics courses at the new college while in high school. I didnt get official advanced standing at Carnegie because of my extra studies but I had advanced knowledge and ability and didnt need to learn much from the first math courses at Carnegie. Under Charles L. Harman, president from 1946–1971, the college built Easley Library, the dormitory Rish Hall, Harman Chapel, and a geodesic dome as the gymnasium. In 1975, Bluefield reinvented itself as a college, and during the 1989–1996 presidency of Roy A. Dobyns. In 1998, under the leadership of President Daniel G. MacMillan, in 2007, the current president, David W. Olive, was inaugurated. Shortly thereafter, the college raised tuition by about 20%, Bluefield Colleges campus is located on 82 acres on the eastern edge of Bluefield, Virginia, facing the northern side of the East River Mountain. Lansdell Hall – Opening in 1922, building holds the primary administrative offices. Easley Library – The three-story building features the campus library on the two floors, while the first floor houses the education department and classrooms. Harman Chapel – The spire of the chapel is featured in the colleges logo, the building houses the music and theater departments and serves as a host for events including convocations, graduations, concerts, plays, and services. Science Center – The building holds offices, classrooms, science labs, cox Visual Arts Center – Located on the southwestern corner of campus, the building holds classrooms, offices, and workspace for the art department. Alumni Advancement Building Cruise Hall – Constructed with the opening of the college in 1922, Rish Hall – The first floor contains classrooms and houses the English department, communication department, and the Academic Center for Excellence. The upper three floors serve as a male dormitory, East River Hall – Female dormitory Alumni Hall – Male dormitory Bluestone Commons – Constructed in 2014, the buildings hold male and female apartment-style student housing. Shott Hall – Holds the Student Activities Center, main dining hall, Quick Shott Cafe, campus bookstore, dan MacMillan Center – Opening in 2007, the building is the focal point for the colleges outreach and service projects. Annex – Hosts student activities, Baptist Campus Ministries, movies, the campus also features access to outdoor activities, including an on-campus nature trail and cave
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Bridgewater College
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Bridgewater College, is a private, coeducational, four-year liberal-arts college located in Bridgewater, a town in Rockingham County, Virginia, United States. Established in 1880, Bridgewater College admitted women from the time of its founding and was the first private, Bridgewater College was established in 1880 as Spring Creek Normal and Collegiate Institute by Daniel Christian Flory. Nine years later, the school was named Bridgewater College and chartered by the Commonwealth of Virginia to grant undergraduate degrees, Bridgewater conferred its first Bachelor of Arts degree on June 1,1891. In 1895, the Chairman of the Faculty, Walter B, yount, a graduate of what would become Juniata College and the University of Virginia was named the colleges first President. After his retirement in 1910, John S. Flory succeeded him as the colleges President, Bridgewater College became the first private, senior co-educational liberal arts college in Virginia and one of the few accredited colleges of its type in the South. The oldest portion of the Bridgewater College campus, consisting of five fine brick buildings constructed before 1911 is included in the Bridgewater Historic District. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, Bridgewater offers more than 60 majors and minors, awarding the Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science degrees. Bridgewater students have the opportunity to study abroad through the BCA Study Abroad program, countries include Australia, Belgium, China, Cuba, Ecuador, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, Spain and Wales. Bridgewater College is located in the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia, the Bridgewater campus comprises 300 acres and the educational activities are focused on the primary campus of 40 acres. Students can choose to be involved in approximately 60 social, cultural, religious, in addition, the student-run Eagle Productions hosts a wide variety of free weekend activities available to students. Events range from comedians and musicians to Homecoming festivities and the Springfest Carnival, Bridgewater College is a Division III member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association and follows guidelines and policies set forth by this governing body. The teams are members of the Old Dominion Athletic Conference, which has 14 member institutions, additionally, the athletic program supports cheerleading, a dance team and pep band, which perform at home football and basketball games. Annual events at Bridgewater College celebrate tradition, community, alumni, founders Day observance at Bridgewater commemorates the April 3,1854, birth of Daniel Christian Flory, who began Bridgewater College in 1880, at the age of 26. In 2008, civil rights activist Andrew Jackson Young, Jr. was honored during the celebration of the 128th anniversary of the college. President Philip C. Stone awarded Young an Honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters, honoris causa, in recognition of his service to mankind. Homecoming weekend in October welcomes alumni back to the college with class reunions, outdoor festivities, a football game. Senior Week is the week before graduation, in which seniors celebrate with several organized events, oracles at the Oak was a tradition originally carried out by the senior classes during the early to mid 1900s underneath an oak tree on campus. Students met to pledge their dedication to the school and to each other, after the lightning-damaged oak tree was cut down, the tradition subsided
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Christendom College
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Christendom College is a Catholic liberal arts college in Front Royal, Virginia, United States, which is located in the Shenandoah Valley. It is endorsed by The Newman Guide to Choosing a Catholic College, the school does not accept federal funding. Christendom College is a Catholic coeducational college institutionally committed to the Magisterium of the Roman Catholic Church, the College provides a Catholic liberal arts education. Christendom College was founded by Warren H. Carroll in 1977 in Triangle, Virginia, the original campus was an abandoned elementary school in Triangle, housing a total of 26 students and five faculty. The founding faculty consisted of Carroll, William Marshner, Jeffrey A. Mirus, Kristin Burns, in 1979, the College acquired its new campus in Front Royal, Virginia, overlooking the Shenandoah River. It still occupies this site today, All of our original five faculty were long-time subscribers to Triumph and three had attended the program in Spain. Our current president and his wife and our executive vice-president had attended the program in Spain, two of the three original major donors who enabled our College project to be launched financially had attended the program in Spain, and the third had seen his son attend it. Many of the members of our Board of Directors were Triumph readers. In a very fundamental sense Christendom College was a Triumph enterprise, starting September 19,2016 Christendom College launched an ambitious project called the A Call To Greatness Campaign to raise $40 million. The cost of the chapel is estimated to run approximately $13.5 million, with an additional $13.5 million allocated to the endowment, within a month of the fundraisers launch, roughly 70%, or $28 million, had been raised for the campaign. Christendom College has two schools offering graduate and undergraduate degrees, undergraduate students combine a liberal arts core-curriculum with eventual upper-level courses in their major field of study. Graduates can choose from three theological concentrations, Systematic Theology, Moral Theology, and Catechetics All graduates of the college are awarded the bachelor of arts degree. The fields of study are, Classical and Early Christian Studies English Language and Literature History Philosophy Political Science, the Program also includes a weeks pilgrimage to Assisi and Siena
34.
DeVry University
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DeVry University is an American for-profit college. The school was founded in 1931 as DeForest Training School, DeVry Education Group is headquartered in Downers Grove, Illinois, and Lisa Wardell is the companys CEO. DeVry University is regionally accredited by the Higher Learning Commission, as of early 2017, DeVry had total enrollment of 45,633 at more than 55 campuses throughout North America. Allegations have included that DeVry used deceptive recruiting tactics, mislead students about their career prospects, DeVry was founded in 1931 as DeForest Training School in Chicago, Illinois. School founder Herman A. DeVry, who had invented a motion picture projector and produced educational and training films. De Forest Training School originally taught projector and radio repair, the school was renamed DeVry Technical Institute in 1953 and gained accreditation to confer associate degrees in electronics in 1957. Bell & Howell completed its acquisition of DeVry Technical Institute in 1967, a year later, the company acquired the Ohio Institute of Technology and DeVry was renamed DeVry Institute of Technology, which was accredited to confer bachelors degrees in electronics in 1969. Dennis Keller and Ronald Taylor met one another in the early 1970s when the two were teachers at DeVry. Keller and Taylor learned the economics of education while at DeVry and, in 1973. The school was conceived as a day school that granted certificates. The Keller School later became a program offering MBAs, focused on working adults by 1976. The school was accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools in 1977. DeVry first received accreditation in 1981. The Keller Graduate School of Management acquired DeVry from Bell & Howell in 1987, the leveraged buyout was worth $147.4 million. The two schools were combined as DeVry Inc. with Keller acting as chairman and CEO and Taylor president, DeVry Inc. successfully completed its initial public offering in June 1991. In 1995, its stock trading on the New York Stock Exchange. The university acquired Becker CPA Review, a firm that prepared students for the Uniform Certified Public Accountant Examination, DeVry acquired Ross University, a medical and veterinary school based in the Caribbean, for $310 million in 2003. Deaconess College of Nursing was later renamed Chamberlain College of Nursing, DeVry Inc. entered Brazil with its 2009 acquisition of Faculdade Nordeste, Ruy Barbosa and ÁREA1, which are universities located in the Northeast of Brazil
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Eastern Mennonite University
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Eastern Mennonite University is a private liberal arts university in the Shenandoah Valley of the U. S. state of Virginia, affiliated with one of the historic peace churches, the Mennonite Church USA. Its 97-acre main campus is located near Harrisonburg, Virginia, the university operates a satellite campus in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, which primarily caters to working adults. EMUs bachelor-degree holders traditionally engage in service-oriented work, such as health care, education, social work, as of 2014, the following are the most popular majors, education, health sciences and/or biology, liberal arts, visual/communications arts, and psychology. EMU describes itself as a leader among faith-based institutions in emphasizing peacebuilding, creation care, experiential learning, worldwide, EMU is probably best known for its Center for Justice and Peacebuilding, especially its graduate program in conflict transformation. CJP has educated and trained more than 3,000 people from 124 countries, cJPs founding director, John Paul Lederach, and its expert in restorative justice, Howard Zehr, are considered to be international leaders in the fields of peace and justice. CJP alumna Leymah Gbowee was a co-recipient of the 2011 Nobel Peace Prize, in her autobiography, she speaks of EMU as an American college with a well-known program in peace-building and conflict resolution and with an emphasis on community and service. President of Somalia Hassan Sheikh Mohamud is also an alumnus of Eastern Mennonite Universitys Summer Peacebuilding Institute based in Harrisonburg, in 2001, he completed three of the SPIs intensive courses, studying mediation, trauma healing, and designing learner-centered trainings. More than half of EMUs undergraduate students do not come from Mennonite backgrounds, EMUs graduate students represent a diversity of faiths, as exemplified by the mini-bios on Islamic, Jewish, Buddhist, and Hindu alumni posted on EMUs website. The school made news in 2015 when it, along with Goshen College. This decision prompted two fellow Council for Christian Colleges and Universities member schools to quit the organization in protest, the two Mennonite schools later chose to withdraw their membership from the consortium in order to spare significant division within the CCCUs ranks. Eastern Mennonite University was launched in 1917 by a handful of Mennonite church members and these church leaders sought to stem the tide toward enrolling in secular educational institutions. One of that group, Bishop George R. Brunk Sr. stated that “the world standard of education is self-centered, self-exalting, and materialistic. ”Eastern Mennonites first registrar, John Early Suter, advocated that Eastern Mennonite not limit itself to being a Bible school. This proposal was accepted when he and A. G Heishman agreed to teach courses on the condition that their pay come out of any money remaining after the Bible teachers were paid. The Suter Science Center was named in honor of J. Early Suters son, Dr. Daniel Suter, secondly, Anabaptists have put special emphasis on the New Testament’s teachings on nonviolence and peacemaking. They also have stressed simple, non-materialistic lifestyles, and communities based on service to others or “works of love. ”Finally, as explained by Menno Simons, the 16th-century leader from whom the term “Mennonite” comes, “True evangelical faith cannot lie dormant. It clothes the naked, it feeds the hungry, it comforts the sorrowful, it shelters the destitute and it seeks those who are lost. It binds up what is wounded and it becomes all things to all people. EMU attempts to graduate people oriented toward the world and toward helping others.5 million worldwide
