The Shiva laser was a powerful 20-beam infrared neodymium glass laser built at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 1977 for the study of inertial confinement fusion and long-scale-length laser-p
Shiva amplifier chains showing spatial filter tubes (white) and Nd:glass amplifier structures (short blue tubes closest to camera). Portions of the 1982 Disney film Tron were filmed at the site.
Shiva target chamber during maintenance.
View inside the Shiva target chamber, 1978. The needle-like object in the center of the image is the target holder, various instruments are pointed to image the explosions at its tip.
Nova was a high-power laser built at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California, United States, in 1984 which conducted advanced inertial confinement fusion experiments until its dismant
Shiva laser
…demonstrating a particular problem in compressing targets with lasers, leading to a major new device being constructed to address these problems, the Nova laser. The basic idea of any ICF device is to rapidly heat the outer layers of a "target", normally a small plastic sphere containing a few milligrams of…
View down Nova's laser bay between two banks of beamlines. The blue boxes contain the amplifiers and their flashtube "pumps", the tubes between the banks of amplifiers are the spatial filters.
The Nova laser target chamber during alignment and initial installation (ca. early 1980s). Some of the larger diameter holes hold various measurement devices, which are designed to a standard size to fit into these ports while others are used as beam ports.
Fusion target implosion on Nova. The green coloring of the target holder is due to the leftover laser light that was upconverted only "halfway" to UV, stopping at green. The optics are arranged to focus this light "short" of the target, and here it strikes the holder. A small amount of IR light is also left over, but this cannot be seen in this visible-light photograph. An estimate of the size of the implosion can be made by comparing the size of the target holder here with the image above.
An opened A315 amplifier of the NOVA system, loaned 2003 to the PHELIX laser facility at the GSI institute in Germany; note the octagonal shaped laser disks in the middle, behind are one of the two flashlamp panels used to exceed population inversion