1.
Link light rail
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The Link light rail is a rapid transit rail system in the Seattle metropolitan area of Washington State, being designed, built and operated by the regions mass transportation agency, Sound Transit. Extensions are being planned or constructed that will bring light rail north to Lynnwood and Everett, east to Redmond and south to Kent, Des Moines, Federal Way, additional lines are planned to service Ballard, West Seattle, Issaquah and south Kirkland. The initial system was approved and funded by voters under the Sound Move ballot measure passed in November 1996, further expansion of the system was approved and funded by voters under the Sound Transit 2 ballot measure passed in 2008, and the Sound Transit 3 program in 2016. By 2040, the system is expected to grow to over 112 miles of track, over the next several years, debates raged over various issues surrounding the Central Link line. In the late nineties and early 2000s, Sound Transit underwent a series of financial and political difficulties, the cost of the line rose significantly, and the federal government threatened to withhold necessary grants. But by the end of 2002, Sound Transit decided on a route, on August 22,2003, the Tacoma Link light rail line in Downtown Tacoma opened and quickly reached its forecast ridership. On November 8,2003, a ceremony was held for the Central Link light rail line. Central Link opened between Westlake Station and Tukwila on July 18,2009, and was extended 1.7 miles to SeaTac/Airport on December 19,2009, a grant was approved in November 2008, which allowed University Link to begin construction in December 2008. The line opened, including the University Link Tunnel, on March 19,2016, Tacoma Link is a streetcar line running through the densest parts of Tacoma. This line connects the Tacoma Dome Station with downtown Tacoma, making stops near the convention center, theater district. The 1. 6-mile line was completed in 2003, the initial 13. 9-mile segment of the line was opened on July 18,2009. The line has since expanded twice and spans 20.35 miles as of September 26,2016. It also extended the line one new station in Angle Lake. Other improvements in the package included Sounder commuter rail improvements and expansion of Tacoma Link, an expressed purpose in building the Link light rail system has been to support a smart growth approach to handling the regions population growth and development. By concentrating new development along light rail lines, more people can live more densely without the increases in automotive commuting traffic that might otherwise be expected, in addition, the concentration of residents near stations helps maintain ridership and revenue. The bill did not pass, but supporters vowed to bring it back in 2010, List of Link Light Rail stations Sounder commuter rail Seattle Streetcar Network List of rail transit systems in the United States Sound Transit
2.
Shoreline, Washington
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Shoreline is a city in King County, Washington, United States,9 miles north of Downtown Seattle bordering the northern Seattle city limits. As of the 2010 census, the population was 53,007, based on per capita income, one of the more reliable measures of affluence, Shoreline ranks 91st of 522 areas in the state of Washington to be ranked. If its offer to annex Point Wells is accepted by the developer, Shoreline began in 1890 with the platting of the neighborhood of Richmond Beach, on Puget Sound, in anticipation of the arrival of the Great Northern Railway the next year. Over the next two decades, Shoreline was connected to Seattle via the Seattle-Everett Interurban streetcar line and a newly paved North Trunk Road, though the modern borders of the city do not stretch to Lake Washington, the area kept the Shoreline name. After the incorporation of Lake Forest Park in 1961, the remainder of the Shoreline School District remained a portion of King County. Fifty-one years after it had named, on August 31,1995 Shoreline was officially incorporated as a code city. Residents used Seattle, WA as their address only until 1995 when the city was formed and addresses changed to Shoreline, in January 2016, Chris Roberts was elected mayor and is the citys first Native American mayor in its history. Shoreline contracts with the King County Sheriffs Office for police services, deputies assigned to Shoreline wear city uniforms and drive patrol cars marked with the city logo. As of 2012, there are 52 full-time employees assigned to the Shoreline Police Department, the Shoreline Police Department has a burglary/larceny unit, traffic unit, and a street crimes unit. Shoreline is located at 47°45′23″N 122°20′23″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 11.70 square miles, of which,11.67 square miles is land and 0.03 square miles is water. The city of Shoreline also contains a community, The Highlands. The Richmond Beach neighborhood occupies the northwest corner of the city, around 47. 7695415°N122. 3901313°W /47.7695415, there are 330 acres of park land in Shoreline, divided among 25 parks. Boeing Creek and Shoreview Park, which abut Shoreline Community College, contain a ravine through which flows Boeing Creek on its way to Hidden Lake and Puget Sound. As of the census of 2010, there were 53,007 people,21,561 households, the population density was 4,542.2 inhabitants per square mile. There were 22,787 housing units at a density of 1,952.6 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 71. 4% White,5. 0% African American,0. 8% Native American,15. 2% Asian,0. 3% Pacific Islander,2. 2% from other races, and 5. 1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6. 6% of the population,29. 7% of all households were made up of individuals and 10. 4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the family size was 2.96
3.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
4.
Sound Transit
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Sound Transit, officially the Central Puget Sound Regional Transit Authority, is a public transit agency serving the Seattle metropolitan area in the U. S. state of Washington. It operates light rail service in Seattle and Tacoma, regional Sounder commuter rail, in 2016, Sound Transit services carried a total of 42.7 million passengers, including an average of 143,000 riders on weekdays. Sound Transit was created in 1993 by King, Pierce and Snohomish counties to build a rapid transit system. After an unsuccessful proposal in 1995, the plan for regional light rail, commuter rail and express bus service. Light rail service in Seattle began in 2009, and is the largest part of the Sound Transit system in terms of ridership, union Station in Seattle has served as the agencys headquarters since its renovation in 1999. Sound Transit is independent of local agencies and is governed by a 18-member Board of Directors made up of elected officials from member jurisdictions. It is funded by sales taxes, property taxes, and motor vehicle excise taxes, levied within its taxing district in portions of King, Pierce. The agency has passed three major ballot measures to fund expansion, including Sound Move, Sound Transit 2. Planning and construction of new rail lines is anticipated to continue until 2041 under the Sound Transit 3 plan. In 2016, these three systems carried a total of 42.7 million passengers, including an average of 143,000 riders on weekdays. Sound Transits Link light rail system consists of two disconnected lines, Central Link between Seattle, Tukwila and SeaTac, and Tacoma Link between Tacoma Dome Station and downtown Tacoma, the system serves 22 stations and has a total of 21.95 miles of track. Link light rail trains carried 20 million passengers in 2016, or an average of 62,299 per weekday, Central Link trains are operated and maintained under contract with King County Metro and Tacoma Link trains are operated and maintained by Sound Transit staff. Sounder is the name for the rail services operated by Sound Transit. Sound Transit currently operates Sounder as two services, North Line trains operate between Everett and Seattle. There are currently 4 peak-direction round trips on the North Line, South Line trains operate between Seattle, Tacoma and Lakewood. There are currently 7 peak-direction,1 mid-day, and 2 reverse commute round-trips daily on the South Line, Sound Transit plans to eventually run up to 18 daily round-trips on the South Line once all proposed track improvements are made. Trains are operated under contract by BNSF Railway and maintained under contract by Amtrak, the bus fleet is owned by Sound Transit and buses are operated and maintained under contracts with local transit authorities. Throughout the 20th century, Seattle planners and voters rejected various proposals for transit systems
5.
Central Link
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Central Link is a light rail line running between the cities of Seattle and SeaTac. It is one of the lines in Sound Transits Link Light Rail system, service operates seven days a week, from 5 am to 1 am Monday through Saturday and from 6 am to midnight on Sundays. Trains are composed of two or more cars, each with a capacity of 200 passengers—74 seated and 126 standing, opened on July 18,2009, Central Link initially operated between downtown Seattle and Tukwila, on a 13. 9-mile route. The northern terminus is at the University of Washington, next to Husky Stadium, from there, it travels through a tunnel to Capitol Hill Station on Broadway. The tunnel then transitions into the Downtown Seattle Transit Tunnel at Westlake Station, Westlake Station is near the intersection of Pine Street and 4th Avenue. Central Link trains operate inside the Downtown Seattle Transit Tunnel, sharing the right-of-way with diesel-electric hybrid buses, the route serves four of the tunnels five stations. The route serves two stations on the busway and then rises to a section through the SoDo neighborhood. The route then enters the Beacon Hill Tunnel under Beacon Hill, exiting the tunnel, the route becomes grade-separated on an elevated bridge. It serves Mount Baker Station near Franklin High School before it becomes a surface route on Martin Luther King Jr. Way S. Continuing south on Martin Luther King Jr. Way S. it again becomes grade-separated on an elevated guideway and runs alongside Boeing Access Road, marginal Way S. Interurban Avenue S. SR599, and I-5. Just north of SR518, the route turns west and parallels SR518, an extension south of the airport to Angle Lake opened on September 24,2016. Central Link operates using a proof-of-payment fare system, passengers are required to purchase a paper ticket or tap their ORCA before boarding trains. Sound Transit fare inspectors or police officers randomly board trains and check for valid proof-of-payment, passengers who are caught traveling without valid proof-of-payment can be fined $124. The fares for Link are distance-based, $2.25 base fare plus 5 cents per mile, the maximum cost of a one-way ticket is $3.25, for a trip between the University of Washington and Sea-Tac Airport. Passengers who pay using ORCA must tap their cards before boarding, passengers who use ORCA may transfer between Sound Transit routes or routes operated by most other Puget Sound transit agencies within two hours of initial payment. If the fare for the route is higher, the difference will be charged. Central Link operates on the schedule, The vehicles operate with an end-to-end travel time of 48 minutes between the University of Washington and Angle Lake. Travel times are as follows, all measured in minutes
