Shortening
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Shortening is any fat that is a solid at room temperature and is used to make crumbly pastry and other food products.
Strutto, clarified pork fat or lard, a type of shortening common in Italy and Corsica (where it is named sdruttu)
A 1918 advertisement for shortening
A "short" dough is crumbly, and will crack or crumble if stretched too far.
A "long" dough can be stretched easily.
Shortcrust pastry
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Shortcrust is a type of pastry often used for the base of a tart, quiche, pie, or flan. Shortcrust pastry can be used to make both sweet and savory pies such as apple pie, quiche, lemon meringue or ch
A shortcrust pastry pie crust
Pie crimper from the 1800s
Closeup of peekaboo lattice
Bottom crust