1.
Album
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Album, is a collection of audio recordings issued as a single item on CD, record, audio tape, or another medium. Albums of recorded music were developed in the early 20th century, first as books of individual 78rpm records, vinyl LPs are still issued, though in the 21st century album sales have mostly focused on compact disc and MP3 formats. The audio cassette was a format used from the late 1970s through to the 1990s alongside vinyl, an album may be recorded in a recording studio, in a concert venue, at home, in the field, or a mix of places. Recording may take a few hours to years to complete, usually in several takes with different parts recorded separately. Recordings that are done in one take without overdubbing are termed live, the majority of studio recordings contain an abundance of editing, sound effects, voice adjustments, etc. With modern recording technology, musicians can be recorded in separate rooms or at times while listening to the other parts using headphones. Album covers and liner notes are used, and sometimes additional information is provided, such as analysis of the recording, historically, the term album was applied to a collection of various items housed in a book format. In musical usage the word was used for collections of pieces of printed music from the early nineteenth century. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, the LP record, or 33 1⁄3 rpm microgroove vinyl record, is a gramophone record format introduced by Columbia Records in 1948. It was adopted by the industry as a standard format for the album. Apart from relatively minor refinements and the important later addition of stereophonic sound capability, the term album had been carried forward from the early nineteenth century when it had been used for collections of short pieces of music. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, as part of a trend of shifting sales in the music industry, some commenters have declared that the early 21st century experienced the death of the album. Sometimes shorter albums are referred to as mini-albums or EPs, Albums such as Tubular Bells, Amarok, Hergest Ridge by Mike Oldfield, and Yess Close to the Edge, include fewer than four tracks. There are no rules against artists such as Pinhead Gunpowder referring to their own releases under thirty minutes as albums. These are known as box sets, material is stored on an album in sections termed tracks, normally 11 or 12 tracks. A music track is a song or instrumental recording. The term is associated with popular music where separate tracks are known as album tracks. When vinyl records were the medium for audio recordings a track could be identified visually from the grooves
2.
The Beach Boys
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The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California in 1961. The groups original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson, their cousin Mike Love, distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era. The Beach Boys began as a band managed by the Wilsons father Murry. Emerging at the vanguard of the California Sound, they performed material that reflected a southern California youth culture of surfing, cars. After 1964, they abandoned the surfing aesthetic for more personal lyrics, in 1966, the Pet Sounds album and Good Vibrations single vaulted the group to the top level of rock innovators and established the band as symbols of the nascent counterculture era. Following Smiles dissolution, Brian gradually ceded production and songwriting duties to the rest of the band, reducing his input because of mental health and substance abuse issues. The continued success of their greatest hits albums during the mid 1970s precipitated the transition into an oldies act. Since the 1980s, much-publicized legal wrangling over royalties, songwriting credits, Dennis drowned in 1983 and Carl died of lung cancer in 1998. After Carls death, many live configurations of the band fronted by Mike Love, Even though Wilson and Jardine have not performed with Love and Johnstons band since their one-off 2012 reunion tour, they remain a part of the Beach Boys corporation, Brother Records Inc. The Beach Boys are one of the most critically acclaimed, commercially successful, the group had over eighty songs chart worldwide, thirty-six of them US Top 40 hits, four reaching number-one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. They received their only Grammy Award for The Smile Sessions, the core quintet of the three Wilsons, Love and Jardine were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1988. At the time of his birthday on June 20,1958, Brian Wilson shared a bedroom with his brothers, Dennis and Carl – aged thirteen and eleven. He had watched his father, Murry Wilson, play piano, after dissecting songs such as Ivory Tower and Good News, Brian would teach family members how to sing the background harmonies. For his birthday that year, Brian received a tape recorder. He learned how to overdub, using his vocals and those of Carl, Brian played piano with Carl and David Marks, an eleven-year-old longtime neighbor, playing guitars they had each received as Christmas presents. Soon Brian and Carl were avidly listening to Johnny Otis KFOX radio show, inspired by the simple structure and vocals of the rhythm and blues songs he heard, Brian changed his piano-playing style and started writing songs. His enthusiasm interfered with his studies at school. Family gatherings brought the Wilsons in contact with cousin Mike Love, Brian taught Loves sister Maureen and a friend harmonies
3.
Gold Star Studios
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Gold Star Studios was a major independent recording studio located in Los Angeles, California, United States. For more than thirty years, from 1950 to 1984, Gold Star was one of the most influential, the studio was renowned for its unique custom-designed recording equipment, which was designed and built by Gold, as were its famed echo chambers. In the mid-1950s, aspiring pop star and future recording legend Phil Spector began hanging out at local studios, including Gold Star and he eventually won the confidence of Gold Stars house producer-engineer Stan Ross, who took Spector under his wing and taught him the basics of record production. In the early 1960s, Spector used Gold Star as the venue for most of his famous Wall of Sound recordings. The studio was renowned for its echo chambers, according to Gold, who designed the chambers after years of research and experimentation, they were built in an area of about 20 ft x 20 ft and were complementary trapezoids 18 ft long. The walls were thick, specially-formulated cement plaster on heavy isolation forms, entry into the chambers was through a series of 2 ft by 2 ft doors, and the opening was only about 20 in wide and high. Gold Star was responsible for what is believed to be the first commercial use of the technique called flanging. Donna Loren, a cast member of Shindig, recorded there early in her career on the Crest label. Jazz artists who recorded there include Gerry Mulligan, Chet Baker, Oscar Moore, The Hi-Los, singer-songwriter Johnette Napolitano, co-founder of Concrete Blonde, was the studios receptionist in the early 1980s. Shifting economics caused Gold Star to close its doors in 1984, several months after the studios were vacated, a fire destroyed the building. A mini-mall was later constructed on the site, on March 11,2011, Ross died of complications following an operation to correct an abdominal aneurysm. Official website Gold Star Studios discography at Discogs David Gold Interview - NAMM Oral History Library
4.
Surf music
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Surf music is a subgenre of rock music associated with surf culture, particularly as found in Southern California. It was especially popular from 1962 to 1964 in two major forms, the first is instrumental surf, distinguished by reverb-drenched electric guitars played to evoke the sound of crashing waves, largely pioneered by Dick Dale and the Del-Tones. The second is vocal surf, which took the original sound and added vocal harmonies backed by basic Chuck Berry rhythms. Dick Dale developed the sound from instrumental rock, where he added Middle Eastern and Mexican influences, a spring reverb. His regional hit Lets Go Trippin launched the surf music craze, the genre reached national exposure when it was represented by vocal groups such as the Beach Boys, Jan and Dean, and Bruce & Terry. Their vocal surf style drew more from African-American genres such as doo wop with its scat singing, Dale is quoted on such groups, They were surfing sounds surfing lyrics. In other words, the music wasnt surfing music, the words made them surfing songs. The real surfing music is instrumental, at the height of its popularity, surf music rivaled girl groups and Motown for top American popular music trends. It is sometimes referred to interchangeably with the California Sound, during the later stages of the surf music craze, many of its groups started to write songs about cars and girls, this was later known as hot rod rock. Surf music began in the early 1960s as instrumental music, almost always in straight 4/4 time. The outboard separate Fender Reverb Unit that was developed by Fender in 1961 was the actual first wet surf reverb tone and this unit is the reverb effect heard on Dick Dale records, and others such as Pipeline by the Chantays and Point Panic by the Surfaris. It had more of a wet plucky tone than the built in amp reverb, guitarists also made use of the vibrato arm on their guitar to bend the pitch of notes downward, electronic tremolo effects and rapid tremolo picking. Guitar models favored included those made by Fender, Mosrite, Teisco, or Danelectro, Surf music was one of the first genres to universally adopt the electric bass, particularly the Fender Precision Bass. Classic surf drum kits tended to be Rogers, Ludwig, Gretsch or Slingerland, some popular songs also incorporated a tenor or baritone saxophone, as on The Lively Ones Surf Rider and The Revels Comanche. Often an electric organ or an electric piano featured as backing harmony, by the early 1960s, instrumental rock and roll had been pioneered successfully by performers such as Link Wray, The Ventures and Duane Eddy. This trend was developed by Dick Dale, who added Middle Eastern and Mexican influences, the distinctive reverb, groups such as The Bel-Airs, The Challengers and then Eddie & the Showmen followed Dale to regional success. The Chantays scored a top ten hit with Pipeline, reaching number 4 in May 1963. The group also had two other hits, Surfer Joe and Point Panic
5.
Capitol Records
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Capitol Records, LLC is an American record label which operates as a division of the Capitol Music Group. The label was founded as the first West Coast-based record label in the United States in 1942 by three industry insiders named Johnny Mercer, Buddy DeSylva and Glenn Wallichs, in 1955, the label was acquired by the British music conglomerate EMI as its North American subsidiary. EMI was later acquired by Universal Music Group in 2012 and was merged with the company in 2013, making Capitol Records, Capitol Records circular headquarter building located in Los Angeles is a recognized landmark of California. Mercer first raised the idea of starting a company while golfing with Harold Arlen. By 1941, Mercer was a songwriter and a singer with multiple successful releases. Mercer next suggested the idea to Wallichs while visiting his record store, Wallichs expressed interest in the idea and the pair negotiated an agreement whereby Mercer would run the company and identify their artists, while Wallichs managed the business side. On February 2,1942, Mercer and Wallichs met with DeSylva at a Hollywood restaurant to inquire about the possibility of investment of the company from Paramount Pictures, while DeSylva declined the proposal, he handed the pair a check worth $15,000. On March 27,1942, the three men incorporated as Liberty Records, in May 1942, the application was amended to change the companys name to Capitol Records. On April 6,1942, Mercer supervised Capitols first recording session where Martha Tilton recorded the song Moon Dreams, on May 5, Bobby Sherwood and his orchestra recorded two tracks in the studio. On May 21, Freddie Slack and his orchestra recorded three tracks in the studio, one with the orchestra, one with Ella Mae Morse called Cow-Cow Boogie, on June 4,1942, Capitol opened its first office in a second-floor room south of Sunset Boulevard. On that same day, Wallichs presented the companys first free record to Los Angeles disc jockey Peter Potter, on June 5,1942, Paul Whiteman and his Orchestra recorded four songs at the studio. On June 12, the recorded five more songs in the studio. On June 11, Tex Ritter recorded Jingle Jangle Jingle and Goodbye My Little Cherokee for his first Capitol recording session, and the songs formed Capitols 110th produced record. 133 - Get On Board Little Chillun - July 31,1942 - is a Freddie Slack/Ella Mae Morse/Mellowaires recording that might be the first rock n roll record and she has sometimes been called the first rock n roll singer. A good example is her 1942 recording of song which, with strong gospel, blues, boogie. Bone Walker recorded Mean Old World a pioneering example of the use of electric guitar. The earliest recording artists included co-owner Mercer, Whiteman, Tilton, Morse, Margaret Whiting, Jo Stafford, the Pied Pipers, Johnnie Johnston, Tex Ritter, Capitols first gold single was Morses Cow Cow Boogie in 1942. Capitols first album was Capitol Presents Songs By Johnny Mercer, a three 78-rpm disc set with recordings by Mercer, Stafford and the Pied Pipers, all with Westons Orchestra
6.
Record producer
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A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu
7.
Brian Wilson
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Brian Douglas Wilson is an American musician, singer, songwriter, and record producer best known for being the multi-tasking leader and co-founder of the rock band the Beach Boys. After signing with Capitol Records in 1962, Wilson wrote or co-wrote more than two dozen Top 40 hits for the group, in the mid-1960s, Wilson composed, arranged and produced Pet Sounds, considered one of the greatest albums ever made. The intended follow-up to Pet Sounds, Smile, was canceled for various reasons, as he suffered repeated nervous breakdowns, Wilsons contributions to the Beach Boys diminished, and his erratic behavior led to tensions with the band. He remains a member of the Beach Boys corporation, Brother Records Incorporated, Wilsons work with the Beach Boys helped raise pop music to the level of high art. Wilson effectively set a precedent that allowed bands and artists to enter a recording studio and his songs became inextricably tied with the zeitgeist of the early 1960s, and he helped develop the sound of the wistful Flower Power era that proceeded. In later years, Wilson was regarded as a godfather to an era of musicians who were inspired by his melodic sensibilities, chamber pop orchestrations. His honors include being inducted into the 1988 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and winning Grammy Awards for Brian Wilson Presents Smile and The Smile Sessions. In lists published by Rolling Stone, Wilson ranked 52 for the 100 Greatest Singers of All Time in 2008 and 12 for the 100 Greatest Songwriters of All Time in 2015. In 2012, music publication NME ranked Wilson number 8 in its 50 Greatest Producers Ever list and he is an occasional actor and voice actor, having appeared in television shows, films, and other artists music videos. His life was portrayed in the 2014 biopic Love & Mercy, Brian Douglas Wilson was born on June 20,1942, at Centinela Hospital in Inglewood, California, the son of Audree Neva and Murry Wilson. He was the eldest of three boys, his brothers were Dennis and Carl. He has English, Swedish, Dutch, German, and Irish ancestry, when Brian was two, the family moved from Inglewood to 3701 West 119th Street in nearby Hawthorne, California. Murry Wilson said, He was very clever and quick, I just fell in love with him. At about age two, Brian heard George Gershwins Rhapsody in Blue, which had an emotional impact on him. A few years later, he was discovered to have diminished hearing in his right ear. The exact cause of hearing loss is unclear, though theories range from him simply being born partially deaf to a blow to the head from his father, or a neighborhood bully. While Brians father Murry was ostensibly a reasonable provider, he was often abusive, a minor musician and songwriter, he also encouraged his children in this field in numerous ways. At an early age, Brian was given six weeks of lessons on a toy accordion and, at seven and eight, at Hawthorne High School, Brian was on the football team as a quarterback, played baseball and was a cross-country runner in his senior year
8.
Little Deuce Coupe
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Little Deuce Coupe is the fourth studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, and their third album release in 1963. It reached number four in the United States during a 46-week chart stay and it is considered to be one of the earliest examples of a rock concept album. The album was released three weeks after Surfer Girl, in the summer of 1963, Capitol Records compiled a hot rod compilation album called Shut Down, including the Beach Boys song of the same name and 409—without their approval or involvement. Eight of the tracks were new, while Little Deuce Coupe, Our Car Club, although Nick Venet was listed as producer for Shut Down and Murry Wilson for 409, the official producers credit for the entire Little Deuce Coupe album cites only Brian Wilson. Despite the rushed nature of the sessions, Brian Wilsons song arrangements were notably becoming more complex, specifically songs like No-Go Showboat. After its recording, Brian Wilson re-recorded Be True to Your School for single release, an original Christmas-themed composition, Little Saint Nick was also recorded, produced and issued as a Christmas single. This was the last Beach Boys album to include rhythm guitarist David Marks until 2012s Thats Why God Made the Radio. Original member Al Jardine made his permanent return preceding this albums sessions, as with the preceding Surfer Girl album, the date assigned for recording all eight of the new tracks is highly doubtful. However, as no AFM contracts from these sessions are known to exist, a Deuce Coupe is a 1932 Ford Coupe. This was considered by many to be the hot rod. The Model B had four cylinders and the Model 18 featured the Ford flathead V8 engine when the car was introduced, a pink slip was the title to the car, named for the color of the paper then used in California vehicle ownership certificates. All tracks written by Brian Wilson/Roger Christian except where noted.1990, the Nearest Faraway Place, Brian Wilson, The Beach Boys and the Southern California Experience, Timothy White, c. New York Times article on the hot rod on the album cover
9.
All Summer Long (album)
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All Summer Long is the sixth studio album by the Beach Boys and their second in 1964. It rose to four in the US during a forty-nine week chart stay. I Get Around preceded the release by some two months and quickly raced to become their first number one single in the US, they also had a UK Top 10 debut with a number seven peak. The albums sessions were recorded in the aftermath of the British Invasion, marking a turning point in the Beach Boys career. All Summer Long was to be their album which reveled in California beach culture. Songs from this album are featured on the EP Four by the Beach Boys. Drive-In was recorded shortly after the release of Little Deuce Coupe in October 1963 and that April, during the recording sessions of I Get Around and Little Honda, Brian relieved his father Murry Wilson of his managerial duties after three years. An attempt at reconciliation on Murrys part, much of it captured on the tapes for the 1965 recording sessions of Help Me, Rhonda, All Summer Long was to be the Beach Boys final album which reveled in California beach culture. Only one song explicitly references surfing, Dont Back Down, while Little Honda is the hot rod song. The location for the shoot was once again Paradise Cove, north of Malibu, on first pressings of the LP, the song Dont Back Down is misprinted as Dont Break Down on the front cover. This version of the LP sleeve also has the titles printed in the same mustard-colored ink as the album title. Subsequent printings with the typo corrected have the titles printed in black. The Beach Boys were later featured in the 1965 film The Girls on the Beach, performing Girls on the Beach, Lonely Sea and their appearance was filmed in April 1964, a month before All Summer Long was completed. Following a 1990s court case, the songs I Get Around, All Summer Long, Wendy, drive-In, and Dont Back Down were amended to include a songwriting credit to Mike Love that did not exist previously. All tracks written by Brian Wilson/Mike Love except where noted, partial credits courtesy of session archivist Craig Slowinski. They are amalgamated from all tracks except Well Run Away, Carls Big Chance, drive-In, and Our Favorite Recording Sessions. The Beach Boys FAQ, All Thats Left to Know About Americas Band, the Nearest Far Away Place, Brian Wilson, the Beach Boys, and the Southern California Experience
10.
United Kingdom
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The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland, with an area of 242,500 square kilometres, the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants, together, this makes it the fourth-most densely populated country in the European Union. The United Kingdom is a monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance. The monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who has reigned since 6 February 1952, other major urban areas in the United Kingdom include the regions of Birmingham, Leeds, Glasgow, Liverpool and Manchester. The United Kingdom consists of four countries—England, Scotland, Wales, the last three have devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in their capitals, Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast, respectively. The relationships among the countries of the UK have changed over time, Wales was annexed by the Kingdom of England under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542. A treaty between England and Scotland resulted in 1707 in a unified Kingdom of Great Britain, which merged in 1801 with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922, leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain, there are fourteen British Overseas Territories. These are the remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in the 1920s, British influence can be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies. The United Kingdom is a country and has the worlds fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP. The UK is considered to have an economy and is categorised as very high in the Human Development Index. It was the worlds first industrialised country and the worlds foremost power during the 19th, the UK remains a great power with considerable economic, cultural, military, scientific and political influence internationally. It is a nuclear weapons state and its military expenditure ranks fourth or fifth in the world. The UK has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946 and it has been a leading member state of the EU and its predecessor, the European Economic Community, since 1973. However, on 23 June 2016, a referendum on the UKs membership of the EU resulted in a decision to leave. The Acts of Union 1800 united the Kingdom of Great Britain, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have devolved self-government
11.
Surfin' Safari
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Surfin Safari is the debut studio album by American rock band the Beach Boys, released on October 1,1962 on Capitol Records. The album peaked at number 32 in its 37-week run on the US charts, the album was preceded by two singles, Surfin and Surfin Safari, which charted at numbers 75 and 14, respectively. The success of Surfin Safari helped secure an album for the group while an additional single, Ten Little Indians, was issued. The group is comprised of people from Hawthorne, California, named Wilson … there’s Brian, Dennis, Carl, and their Dad, Murry Wilson. Then there’s the boys talented cousin, Mike Love … who sings both the tenor and deep bass parts in their unusual vocal arrangements. … young David Marks, a neighbor of the Wilsons who plays a rhythm guitar. Brian, the oldest of the Wilson boys, is the group’s leader, Carl is the very accomplished lead guitarist, while brother Dennis sings and plays the drums. None of them, incidentally, had any training. In the autumn of 1961, cousins Brian Wilson and Mike Love composed a song on surfing, titled Surfin at the behest of Brians younger sibling, Dennis Wilson. They quickly formed a band, bringing in the youngest Wilson brother Carl on lead guitar, Brian took up bass, Dennis the drums and Mike would be the frontman, while they all would harmonize vocals arranged by Brian. Released that December, produced by Hite Morgan, and backed by Luau, father Murry Wilson became the bands manager. He submitted a professionally recorded demo tape to Capitol Records that spring, the Beach Boys were signed and Surfin Safari b/w 409 was released as a single that June. With both Surfin Safari and 409 becoming hits, Capitol Records approved a full album, Brian Wilson, who regularly collaborated with Mike Love and Gary Usher, contributed the songs that made up the bulk of the LP. The second single, Ten Little Indians, was successful, reaching only number 49. Though Mike and Brian are the most prominent singers, Dennis makes his first vocal appearance on Little Girl, the front cover of Surfin Safari features a yellow pickup truck and surfboard, with band mates David Marks, Dennis Wilson, Mike Love, Brian Wilson and Carl Wilson. The photo was taken on the beach at Paradise Cove, north of Malibu, the picture was taken by in-house Capitol photographer Ken Veeder, in a photo shoot that would also produce the cover for the bands 1963 album Surfer Girl. The album was released through Capitol on October 1,1962, in the UK, the album was not released until April 1963, and failed to chart. 4 of the 12 songs on the album have been performed live in concert by the Beach Boys, Surfin Safari and 409 are regulars in set lists while Surfin and Summertime Blues have been played with varying frequency
12.
The Beach Boys' Christmas Album
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The Beach Boys Christmas Album is the seventh studio album by the Beach Boys, released in November 1964. It is regarded as one of the finest holiday albums of the rock era, one single was released from the album, the original song The Man with All the Toys backed with the groups rendition of Blue Christmas. Little Saint Nick, a single which had already released the previous year, was included on the album. In 1977, the Beach Boys attempted to follow the album with Merry Christmas from the Beach Boys, the entire Christmas Album plus selections from the Merry Christmas sessions were later assembled for the 1998 compilation Ultimate Christmas. The album was devised as a response to Phil Spectors A Christmas Gift for You from Philles Records and he played piano on the song Santa Claus Is Coming to Town but was dismissed by Spector due to his substandard piano playing. Original album cover photo by George Jerman for Capitol Photo Studio, with the exception of Little Saint Nick, sessions for the album spanned from June 18–30,1964, one month after the All Summer Long album was completed. Christmas Day is the first Beach Boys song to feature a vocal from Al Jardine. The album was released in mono and stereo, the mix, prepared by engineer Chuck Britz. Single Dont Hurt My Little Sister were recorded in between June sessions, on April 6,1982, the album was certified gold by the RIAA, selling more than 500,000 units
13.
Single (music)
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In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s
14.
Fun, Fun, Fun
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Fun, Fun, Fun is a song written by Brian Wilson and Mike Love for American rock band the Beach Boys. It was released in 1964 as a single backed with Why Do Fools Fall in Love, the song is one of many by the Beach Boys that virtually defined the California myth. Its lyrics are about a girl who tricks her father so she can go hot-rodding with his Ford Thunderbird. At the end, her father discovers her deception and takes the keys from her, the narrator then comes to the girls rescue with his own car. The song was written by Brian Wilson and Mike Love and was based upon real life occurrences in the life of Dennis Wilson. In 1996, Russ Titelman recalled that he visited Brian while he was working on the song, then-manager Murry Wilson was dissatisfied with the song, and had engineer Chuck Britz cancel one of its recording sessions. However, Brian rescheduled the session after discovering what happened, the opening electric guitar introduction of the original version of the song was based on Chuck Berrys Johnny B. Goode, which in turn was based on the intro of Louis Jordans Aint That Just Like a Woman, the tracks punctuated drum fills were inspired by the work of Phil Spector. Philip Lambert noted that the verses follow the same chord progression as Spectors Da Doo Ron Ron. The song was recorded on January 1,1964, at United Western Recorders Studio 3, vocals and additional overdubs followed on either January 8 or 9. The mono mix, as heard on the 45 as well as copies of Shut Down Volume 2 has an extended outro. Track details courtesy of session archivist Craig Slowinski. was released in the United States in February 1964, the single peaked at the number 5 spot on the Billboard chart. In the United Kingdom, the single was released in March 1964 through Capitol Records, in Australia, the single peaked at the number 6 position, which was the bands highest charting single in Australia at that time. In West Germany, the single became their first single to chart in the country when it peaked at the number 49 position, the instrumental track was released on the 2001 archival release Hawthorne, CA. A new stereo mix, more resembling the original single version, was released in 2013 on the Made in California box set. Alternate live versions appear on Beach Boys Concert, The Beach Boys in Concert, the Beach Boys sang mainly backing vocals, with Status Quos Francis Rossi performing the lead vocal for the entire song, except the new verse, which was sung by Mike Love. It was released under PolyGram Records as a single in the United Kingdom, the single, featuring another artist on the B-side, peaked at the number 24 position on the charts. Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
15.
Why Do Fools Fall in Love (song)
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Why Do Fools Fall in Love is a song that was originally a hit for early New York City-based rock and roll group Frankie Lymon & the Teenagers in January 1956. It reached No.1 on the R&B chart, No.6 on Billboards Pop Singles chart, the song helped to make Frankie Lymon a household name and would make him a rock and roll pioneer. The Canadian group The Diamonds also did a more traditional doo wop version that came out the week after Lymons and this version spent 19 weeks on the Billboard chart, topping out at No.12. The song was ranked #314 on the Rolling Stone magazines list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time, the song was the first hit recording made in the Bell Sound Studio in New York City. It was recorded in November of 1955, in late 1955, The Teenagers auditioned a song called Why do Birds Sing So Gay. for George Goldner, recording producer and owner of Gee Records. Herman Santiago, tenor of the group, had written the song based on a line from some love letters given to the guys by a tenant in bassist Sherman Garnes apartment building, One of them featured the words Why do birds sing so gay. Which fit in with lyrics of songs that Herman had been writing based on a 1-6-2-5 chord pattern. So Herman worked with it, creating a song for Herman Santiago to lead, along the way, Herman changed some of the lyrics. During the audition Frankies voice stood out and, at Goldners suggestion, Frankie did some improvising and re-created the melody to match his own style. According to Jimmy Merchant, what happened at the session was a combination of Frankies singing ability coupled with George Goldners special ability to bring out the best in Frankie. Goldners name was replaced by Morris Levy when Levy bought Goldners interest in Gee Records. After a lengthy battle, song-writing credits were awarded to original Teenagers members Herman Santiago. This gave the rights back to Lymon and Levy. The current publisher of the song is EMI Music Publishing, which still lists these as the songwriters. It also reached #1 in Belgium and the Netherlands and climbed to the top 10 in Ireland, New Zealand and Switzerland as well as making the top 20 in Australia, Canada, unlike the original, this version contains echoes of the soul of the 1960s. A reissue of Ross cover peaked at #36 on the UK chart in July,1994, the plot of the music video Diana Ross performs the song in a city full of casinos and clubs. The Beach Boys version of the song charted at #120 and it was included on the Beach Boys 1964 album Shut Down Volume 2 and had only appeared in mono since the release of the single back in 1964. The single mix of the song was found and used on the 2007 The Warmth of the Sun compilation and on the Original US Singles Collection The Capitol Years 1962–1965
16.
Rock music
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It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of genres such as electric blues and folk. Musically, rock has centered on the guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass guitar. Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse-chorus form, like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political in emphasis. Punk was an influence into the 1980s on the subsequent development of subgenres, including new wave, post-punk. From the 1990s alternative rock began to rock music and break through into the mainstream in the form of grunge, Britpop. Similarly, 1970s punk culture spawned the visually distinctive goth and emo subcultures and this trio of instruments has often been complemented by the inclusion of other instruments, particularly keyboards such as the piano, Hammond organ and synthesizers. The basic rock instrumentation was adapted from the blues band instrumentation. A group of musicians performing rock music is termed a rock band or rock group, Rock music is traditionally built on a foundation of simple unsyncopated rhythms in a 4/4 meter, with a repetitive snare drum back beat on beats two and four. Melodies are often derived from older musical modes, including the Dorian and Mixolydian, harmonies range from the common triad to parallel fourths and fifths and dissonant harmonic progressions. Critics have stressed the eclecticism and stylistic diversity of rock, because of its complex history and tendency to borrow from other musical and cultural forms, it has been argued that it is impossible to bind rock music to a rigidly delineated musical definition. These themes were inherited from a variety of sources, including the Tin Pan Alley pop tradition, folk music and rhythm, as a result, it has been seen as articulating the concerns of this group in both style and lyrics. Christgau, writing in 1972, said in spite of some exceptions, rock and roll usually implies an identification of male sexuality, according to Simon Frith rock was something more than pop, something more than rock and roll. Rock musicians combined an emphasis on skill and technique with the concept of art as artistic expression, original. The foundations of music are in rock and roll, which originated in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its immediate origins lay in a melding of various musical genres of the time, including rhythm and blues and gospel music, with country. In 1951, Cleveland, Ohio disc jockey Alan Freed began playing rhythm and blues music for a multi-racial audience, debate surrounds which record should be considered the first rock and roll record. Other artists with rock and roll hits included Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley, Fats Domino, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis
17.
David Marks
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David Lee Marks is an American guitarist, singer and songwriter. Following his initial departure from the band, Marks fronted the Marksmen, over the next two years, Marks performed on the bands first four studio albums, Surfin Safari, Surfin U. S. A. Surfer Girl, and Little Deuce Coupe, following an argument with Murry Wilson, the Wilson brothers father and the bands Manager, Marks left The Beach Boys in 1963, but remained a legal member until September,1967. Initially signing to A&M Records, and later releasing a single on Warner Bros. Records, Marks went on to front the Marksmen, and perform and record with other acts, including, Casey Kasems Band Without a Name, The Moon, Delaney & Bonnie, Colours. In 1969, Marks relocated to Boston to study jazz and classical guitar at the Berklee College of Music, Marks departed from the band for a second time after receiving a positive diagnosis for hepatitis C. In 2007, Marks released an autobiography, entitled The Lost Beach Boy, in 2012, Marks reunited with the remaining original members of the Beach Boys to record Thats Why God Made the Radio. Marks also joined the band on its 2012 fiftieth anniversary tour, with surviving founders Brian Wilson, Love, and Jardine, following the tours completion, Marks continued working with Wilson and Jardine on Wilsons solo performances and 2015 studio album, No Pier Pressure. Describing the neighborhood, Marks noted, It was run down, the houses were older and the Wilsons lived in a pretty small, modest two-bedroom home. The boys all shared a bedroom, when they got older, Brian started sleeping in the den more and more, which was a converted garage they had turned into a music room. They had a Hammond B-3 organ, a piano and a little hi-fi in there. As the 1950s progressed Marks sang and played music with the Wilson family at their Sunday night singalongs, inspired by a 1958 performance by guitarist John Maus, Marks asked his parents to buy him a guitar, which they did on Christmas Eve,1958. He began taking lessons from Maus, who had been a student of Ritchie Valens, in 1959, Marks and Brian Wilsons youngest brother Carl had begun to develop their own style of playing electric guitars. Over the next couple of months, Brian experimented with various combinations of musicians, including his mother Audree Wilson, in mid-February 1962, a new line-up was established, excluding Al Jardine who had left. According to biographer Jon Stebbins, Markss guitar chemistry with Carl Wilson changed the sound of the band, writing about the difference between the Beach Boys Candix Records single and their first Capitol Records release, Stebbins stated, Compared to Surfin, this was metal. No sign of stand-up bass or folk sensibility on this recording, and the tiny amateurish guitar sound and lazy feel of the World Pacific version of Surfin Safari had now transformed into something crisp and modern. It was Carl and Dave who brought that electric guitar drive into the band, and because of that, Brian was able to expand a little bit. Marks would continue to sing and play guitar with the Beach Boys long enough to record on the first four albums, as well as early hits such as Surfin Safari,409
18.
Murry Wilson
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For most of the 1960s, Murry also worked as a music publisher for the band. After the Beach Boys dismissed Murry as their manager in 1964, he produced the group the Sunrays. In 1969, without any of the Beach Boys knowledge or consent, Wilson sold off their publishing company Sea of Tunes for $700,000, in 1973, he died aged 55 of a heart attack. Murry Gage Wilson was born in Hutchinson, Kansas, the son of Edith Sophia and his mother was of Swedish descent. His family moved west to Los Angeles when he was five, the family was initially so impoverished that they camped in a tent on the beach when they arrived. He met his wife, Audree Neva Korthof, while attending Washington High School. During this period he began writing songs and he also wrote Ill Hide My Tears, recorded in the early 1950s by doo-wop group the Jets, a reconfiguration of the Hollywood Flames. Brian stated in 2005 that people often misapprehend Murry as an untalented songwriter and he had some music in him. My favorite song of his was one called His Little Darling, Wilson later founded a machining business, but maintained an active interest in music, which he passed along to his sons, encouraging them to learn to sing and play instruments. The Wilson brothers had a relationship with their father. Many stories of abuse have surfaced, including an incident where Murry hit Brian in the head with a 2×4. In 1964, his wife Audree left him and they separated, the marriage ended in divorce in 1966. After the Beach Boys formation, Murry became the business manager, co-producer. Known as a domineering and manipulative man, Murry was a negotiator on the bands behalf. Wilson accompanied the group on their first Australasian tour in January 1964, during his early years, Wilson charged the group $100 for breaking these requirements, but for this tour, he raised the fine to $1,000, which would subtract from the touring proceeds. At the time, Wilsons influence on the Beach Boys continued to ignite tensions within the group, in early April 1964, following incidents involving the recording sessions of the singles Fun, Fun, Fun and I Get Around, Brian relieved his father of his managerial duties. Even after Murrys formal business relationship with the Beach Boys ended, he remained in contact with the group. In 1966, Brian reflected, We love the family thing – yknow, three brothers, a cousin and a friend is a beautiful way to have a group –
19.
Shut Down (The Beach Boys song)
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Shut Down is a song written by Brian Wilson and Roger Christian for the US rock band the Beach Boys. The primary melody is a Twelve-bar blues and it was released on their 1963 album Surfin U. S. A. and was also released on their 1963 album Little Deuce Coupe. It was also released as the B-side of the Surfin U. S. A. single, the song is sung from the perspective of the driver of the Sting Ray who shuts down the 413. The song was recorded and released by Jan & Dean on their 1982 album, a 2003 stereo remix of the song appeared on the Sounds of Summer, The Very Best of The Beach Boys compilation. It also plays in the Super Mario Bros, Super Show episode The Great BMX Race, and is the basis for Go, Putt-Putt in Putt-Putt Enters the Race. Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
20.
Hot rod
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Hot rods are typically old, classic American cars with large engines modified for linear speed. The origin of the hot rod is unclear. Some automotive historians say that the term originated with stolen vehicles being refitted with another engine, in the early days of automobile manufacturing there was no identical matching transmission, body frame, and engine numbers. It was possible to change engines and repaint the car or truck and in turn it into a different vehicle. The term hot was equivalent to being stolen, the term rod was equivalent to any motorized vehicle. Another possible origin includes replacement of the camshaft with a new version, roadsters were the cars of choice because they were light, easy to modify, and inexpensive. The term became commonplace in the 1930s or 1940s as the name of a car that had been hopped up by modifying the engine for higher performance, a term common in the early days was gow job. This has fallen into disuse except with historians, the term has broadened to apply to other items that are modified for a particular purpose, such as hot-rodded amplifier. The activity increased in popularity after World War II, particularly in California, many cars were prepared by bootleggers in response to Prohibition to enable them to avoid revenue agents, some police vehicles were also modified in response. The first hot rods were old cars, modified to reduce weight, speedster was a common name for the modified car. Wheels and tires were changed for improved traction and handling, Hot rod was sometimes a term used in the 1950s as a derogatory term for any car that did not fit into the mainstream. Hot rodders modifications were considered to improve the appearance as well, engine swaps often involved fitting the Ford flathead engine, or flatty, in a different chassis, the 60 horse in a Jeep was a popular choice in the 40s. In the 1950s, the block was often fitted with crankshafts of up to 4.125 in stroke. In addition, rodders in the 1950s routinely bored them out by 0.1875 in, due to the tendency of blocks to crack as a result of overheating, a perennial problem, in the 50s and 60s, the flatty was supplanted by the early hemi. By the 1970s, the small-block Chevy was the most common option, and since the 80s, after World War II there were many small military airports throughout the country that were either abandoned or rarely used that allowed hot rodders across the country to race on marked courses. Originally drag racing had tracks as long as one mile or more, as hot rodding became more popular in the 1950s, magazines and associations catering to hot rodders were started. These were led by Honk. and Car Craft, as some hot rodders also raced on the street, a need arose for an organization to promote safety, and to provide venues for safe racing. Hot rodders including Wally Parks created the National Hot Rod Association to bring racing off the streets and they created rules based on safety and entertainment, and allowed Hot Rodders of any caliber the ability to race
21.
409 (song)
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409 is a song written by Brian Wilson, Mike Love and Gary Usher for the American rock and roll band the Beach Boys. The song features Love singing lead vocals and it was originally released as the B-side of the single Surfin Safari. It was later released on their 1962 album, Surfin Safari and appeared again on their 1963 album, the song is credited for initiating the hot rod music craze of the 1960s. 409 was inspired by Gary Ushers obsession with hot rods and its title refers to an automobile fitted with Chevrolets 409-cubic-inch-displacement big block V8 engine. The songs narrator concludes with the description My four speed, dual-quad and this version of the engine - at 409hp, achieving 1hp per cubic inch - featured twin D series Carter AFB carburetors. It was offered in new vehicles and as replacement units in the 1962 model year and it stayed one week on the Billboard Hot Hundred at number 76 in October 1962
22.
Al Jardine
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Alan Charles Al Jardine is an American musician, singer and songwriter who co-founded the Beach Boys. He is best known as the rhythm guitarist, and for occasionally singing lead vocals on singles such as Help Me, Rhonda, Then I Kissed Her. In 2010, Jardine released his solo studio album, A Postcard from California. In 1988, Jardine was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Beach Boys, alan Charles Jardine was born in Lima, Ohio, but his family moved to San Francisco and later to Hawthorne, California. At Hawthorne High School, he befriended fellow football player Brian Wilson and watched Brian, Jardines primary musical interest was folk, and he learned banjo and guitar specifically to play folk music. When the Beach Boys formed at Wilsons home, Jardine first tried to push the band toward folk, an all-rounder on string instruments, Jardine played stand-up bass on the Beach Boys first recording, the song Surfin. Following his brief departure from the band in early 1962, he dabbled with a career in the air industry in Los Angeles, Al Jardine played bass on the Beach Boys first record for Candix Records. Jardine is the rhythm guitarist and middle-range harmony vocalist. He first sang lead on Christmas Day, on 1964s The Beach Boys Christmas Album and followed shortly after with the Number 1 hit Help Me, thereafter he regularly sang leads on tracks. Beginning with his contributions to the Friends album, Jardine wrote or co-wrote a number of songs for the Beach Boys, California Saga, California from the Holland album, charted in early 1973. Jardines song for his first wife, Lady Lynda, scored a Top Ten chart entry in the UK, increasingly from the time of the Surfs Up album, Al became involved alongside Carl Wilson in production duties for the Beach Boys. He shared production credits with Ron Altbach on M. I. U, Album and was a significant architect of the albums concept and content. As with Lady Lynda and his 1969 rewrite of Lead Bellys Cotton Fields, Come Go with Me, Album were Jardine productions, the first being a measurable hit in the UK. Jardine instigated the Beach Boys recording of a cover of the Mamas, the associated music video featured in heavy rotation on MTV and secured extensive international airplay. Following Carl Wilsons death in 1998, Jardine left the touring version of The Beach Boys, in 2001, Jardines band released Live in Las Vegas. In late 2006, Jardine joined Brian Wilsons band for a tour celebrating the 40th anniversary of Pet Sounds. In March 2008, Jardine settled a lawsuit brought against him by Love, Love had leased the Beach Boys name, and it was deemed that Jardines newly formed band, called the Beach Boys Family & Friends, was a breach of title use. In 2009, Jardines lead vocal on Big Sur Christmas was released on MP3 download, produced by longtime Red Barn Studios engineer Stevie Heger under Hegers bands name, the track also was released on the Hey Stevie album, Eloquence
23.
Dennis Wilson
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Dennis Carl Wilson was an American musician, singer, and songwriter who co-founded the Beach Boys. He is best remembered as their drummer and as the brother of bandmates Brian. Dennis was the only true surfer in the Beach Boys, and he was also known for his brief association with then-aspiring songwriter Charles Manson, who was later convicted of murder conspiracy. Dennis served mainly on drums and backing vocals for the Beach Boys from its formation until his death in 1983 and it is often erroneously stated that Dennis drumming in the bands recordings was filled in exclusively by studio musicians. His drumming is documented on a number of the singles, including I Get Around, Fun, Fun, Fun. While he was allowed few lead vocals in the 1960s, his prominence as a singer-songwriter increased into the 1970s and his original songs for the group included Little Bird, Forever, and Slip On Through. Although uncredited, Wilson helped pen You Are So Beautiful, a hit for Joe Cocker in 1974 and his music has been characterized for reflecting his edginess and exhibited little of his happy charm, setting it apart from Brian’s music. By all appearances the happy-go-lucky Beach Boy, Dennis Wilson lived out the proverbial live-fast-die-young motto and his wild side masked an underside that was, by turns, brooding, self-loathing, sensitive, and anxious. Wilsons only solo album, Pacific Ocean Blue, was released to warm reviews, written and recorded over a span of several years, the album peaked on US record charts at number 96 during a 12-week stay. Sessions for a follow-up, Bambu, disintegrated before his death in 1983, five years later, Wilson was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Beach Boys. Dennis Carl Wilson was the son of Audree Neva and Murry Gage Wilson and he spent his family years with his brothers and parents in Hawthorne, California. Dennis role in the dynamic, which he himself acknowledged, was that of the black sheep. Though anxiety-filled and aggressive at times he was sensitive and generous. Out of the three Wilson brothers, he was the most likely to get beaten by their strong-willed father Murry. However, Dennis would sing with his brothers late at night in their shared bedroom, Brian noted of the late night brotherly three-part harmonies, We developed a little blend which aided us when we started to get into the Beach Boys stuff. Dennis mother, Audree, forced Brian to include Dennis in the lineup of the Beach Boys. Urged by older cousin Mike Love, Dennis had approached Brian to form a group, the Beach Boys formed in August 1961, with Murry taking over as manager, and were immediately successful. Though the Beach Boys developed their image based on the California surfing culture, in the early years of the Beach Boys, Brian gave him the role of the drummer
24.
Carl Wilson
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Carl Dean Wilson was an American musician, singer, songwriter, and record producer who co-founded the Beach Boys. He is best remembered as their lead guitarist and as the youngest brother of bandmates Brian, unlike other members of the band, he often played alongside the studio musicians employed during the groups critical and commercial peak in the mid 1960s. During the 1980s, he attempted to launch a career, releasing the albums Carl Wilson. Shortly before his death, he recorded material with Gerry Beckley and Robert Lamm, in 1988, Carl was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Beach Boys. Carl Dean Wilson was born in Hawthorne, California, the youngest son of Audree Neva, from his pre-teens he practiced harmony vocals under the guidance of his brother Brian, who often sang in the family music room with his mother and brothers. Inspired by country star Spade Cooley, at the age of 12, Carl asked his parents to buy him a guitar, for which he took some lessons. In 1982, Carl remembered from this time, The kid across the street, David Marks, was taking lessons from John Maus, so I started. David and I were about 12 and John was only three years older, but we thought he was a shit-hot guitarist, John and his sister Judy did fraternity gigs together as a duo. Later John moved to England and became one of the Walker Brothers and he showed me some fingerpicking techniques and strumming stuff that I still use. When I play a solo, hes still there, while Brian perfected the bands vocal style and keyboard base, Carls Chuck Berry-esque guitar became an early Beach Boys trademark. While in high school, Carl also studied saxophone, turning 15 as the groups first hit, Surfin, broke locally in Los Angeles, Carls father and manager, Murry, bought him a Fender Jaguar guitar. Dave Marsh, in The Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock & Roll, Carls lead vocals in the bands first three years were infrequent. Although all members of the played on their early recordings. Unlike the other members of the band, Carl often played alongside session musicians and he also recorded his individual guitar leads during the Beach Boys vocal sessions, with his guitar plugged directly into the soundboard. His playing can be heard on tracks like 1965s Girl Dont Tell Me, after Brians retirement from touring in 1965, Carl became the musical director of the band onstage. Contracts at that time stipulated that promoters hire Carl Wilson plus four other musicians, following his lead vocal performance on God Only Knows in 1966, Carl was increasingly lead vocalist for the band, a role previously dominated by Mike Love and Brian. He sang leads on the singles Good Vibrations, Darlin, starting with the album Wild Honey, Brian requested that Carl become more involved in the Beach Boys records. In 1969, the Beach Boys rendition of I Can Hear Music was the first track produced solely by Carl Wilson, by then, he had effectively become the bands in-studio leader, producing the bulk of the albums during the early 1970s
25.
Beatlemania
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Beatlemania is a term that originated and was coined during the early 1960s to describe the intense fan frenzy directed towards the English rock band the Beatles. The phenomenon began in 1963 and continued past the groups break-up in 1970, there are multiple competing theories as to why the Beatles attracted such a fan base, with no clear agreement. After the Beatles, the mania was used to describe the popularity of later acts, as well as popularity of public figures. The use of the mania to describe fandom predates the Beatles by more than 100 years. Beginning in 1841, fans of Hungarian pianist and composer Franz Liszt showed a level of similar to the Beatles. Poet Heinrich Heine coined the word Lisztomania to describe this, at the time, the word was used to indicate that the fan behaviour was a genuine mental illness—an implication that was not part of the later Beatlemania. Like the later Beatlemania, there was no agreement on why Liszt had such a fan base. An early, printed use of the word is in The Daily Mirror, on 2 November 1963, maureen Lipman reported that after attending a concert in Hull that year, she heard that the arena cleared away 40 pairs of abandoned knickers from fellow young women fans. On 3 January 1964, NBC-TV talk show host Jack Paar gave Americans their first prime-time glimpse of UK Beatlemania by showing clips of their concerts, Beatlemania was already evident when the band arrived at John F. Their tour of the U. S. was characterised by intense levels of hysteria and high-pitched screaming by female fans, david P. Szatmary explains this phenomenon by showing the headlines of Billboard which made almost the entire US nation aware of Beatlemania. Some of the examples are, The U. S. Rocks and Reels from Beatles Invasion, Chicago Flips Wig, Beatles and Otherwise, New York City Crawling with Beatlemania, the extent of Beatlemania in the United States is evidenced by their sales. Szatmary states, In the nine days, during the Beatles brief visit and they purchased blue-and-white Beatles hats, Beatles T-shirts and beach shirts, Beatles tight-fitting pants, Beatles pajamas and three-button tennis shirts, Beatles cookies. In other words, they had the single one out of every six weeks. The Beatles inspired large numbers of people—especially female fans—to scream with enjoyment while their idols sang, for The Beatles, the excitement of the mania eventually began to wear off and by 1966, they were worn out by constant touring, press attention and ever-larger concert crowds. The crowds became so large that it was difficult to find venues to meet the demand. George Harrison lamented, The more fame we got, the girls came to see us. The Beatles had also become targets of public outcry for the first time when John Lennons More popular than Jesus remark spread to the United States
26.
Don't Worry Baby
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Don’t Worry Baby is a song written by Brian Wilson and Roger Christian, produced by Wilson and first recorded by the American rock band The Beach Boys. The bands version, a ballad with falsetto lead vocal by Wilson, was first released on their 1964 album Shut Down Volume 2. It was also released as the B-side of The Beach Boys first US number-one, I Get Around, the song Dont Worry Baby is part of the The Rock and Roll Hall of Fames 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll list. It is ranked as the 176th greatest song of all time in Rolling Stones 500 Greatest Songs of All Time, David Howard wrote that Dont Worry Baby was a subtle harbinger for the growing dichotomy within the California Sound. While I Get Around symbolized the ideal in all its carefree splendor, Dont Worry Baby suggested something entirely more pensive. Recording took place on January 7,1964 at United Western Recorders Studio 3, vocals and guitars were overdubbed one or two days later. Take 12 was used for the master, Brian Wilson cited the song as his attempt to capture the essence of his all-time favorite record, Be My Baby by the Ronettes. Wilson estimates he has listened to the more than 1,000 times. Track details courtesy of session archivist Craig Slowinski, a single mono mix appeared on the 20 More Good Vibrations compilation. On the 2008 Singles box set, an album version was used instead of the single mix. The original stereo mix of Dont Worry Baby had Brians lead vocal hard-panned in the left channel and this new stereo mix can be found on the 2009 compilation Summer Love Songs. Lorrie Morgan sang lead vocals on the Beach Boys 1996 Stars and this version peaked at number 73 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. The production of Dont Worry Baby formed the basis of the Byrds recording of Mr. Tambourine Man, garbages 1998 single, Push It, contains an interpolation of its chorus, and Wilson/Christian were given songwriting credits. A cover version of Dont Worry Baby was done by B. J. Thomas in 1977, chris presented the idea to the MCA executives to sign BJ to MCA, and record a cover of Dont Worry Baby. MCA agreed, and the Dont Worry Baby album was BJs last top 10 hit and his version included new original lyrics. Thomass rendition reached number 17 on the U. S. Billboard Hot 100, the record also reached number 12 in Canada. The song was a major Adult Contemporary hit in both nations, Howard, David N. Sonic Alchemy, Visionary Music Producers and Their Maverick Recordings. Greg Panfiles Musical Analysis of Dont Worry Baby Video on YouTube Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
27.
The Warmth of the Sun
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The Warmth of the Sun is a song written by Brian Wilson and Mike Love for the American rock band The Beach Boys. Brian Wilson produced the song, and the rest of the album, Wilson and Love began composing the song on the night of November 21,1963 and completed it early the following morning, mere hours before the assassination of John F. Kennedy. The subsequent recording of the song was informed by the shock felt by its authors in the wake of Kennedys death. The Warmth of the Sun was started in the morning hours of the same morning that President Kennedy was killed in Dallas. I think its really impactful and memorable…one of my favorite songs from an emotional and personal point of view, Brian Wilson pioneered the use of adventurous chord changes in pop—The Warmth of the Suns transitions from C to A-minor to E-flat, were unheard of in 1964. Among the session musicians who played on the recording were Hal Blaine and it was featured on the soundtrack of Good Morning, Vietnam along with I Get Around and Dont Worry, Baby. Willie Nelson performed lead vocals on a version of the song on the album Stars, the song was recorded by Murry Wilson—father of Brian, Carl and Dennis Wilson—on his one and only album, The Many Moods of Murry Wilson, which was released in 1967 on Capitol Records. In 2006,42 years after the Beach Boys released the version, it was recorded by Matthew Thiessen and the Earthquakes. Vince Gill performed another version at An All-Star Tribute to Brian Wilson concert, in 2006, Matthew Sweet and Bangles lead singer Susanna Hoffs recorded the song for their collaboration, Under the Covers, Vol.1. In 2010, Rumer recorded a version on the B-side of her single Aretha, shelby Flint and Tim Weston, Wouldnt It Be Nice, A Jazz Portrait of Brian Wilson. Friends of Dean Martinez recorded a version on their album Under the Waves, lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
28.
Made in California
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Made in California is a compilation box set by the Beach Boys, released on August 27,2013. The set is released through Capitol Records and is packaged in a form emulating a high school yearbook, the set contains six CDs with tracks that span the bands entire career, including outtakes, demos, B-sides, rarities, alternate takes and versions, over 60 previously unreleased. It supersedes the theretofore career-spanning 1993 box set Good Vibrations, Thirty Years of The Beach Boys, originally announced for a 2012 release, alongside the two-disc compilation album Fifty Big Ones, the box set was ultimately delayed. In Spring 2013 an August 27 release date was confirmed, and on June 11, much of the box set features unreleased work by the Wilson brothers Dennis and Carl, which the surviving members were said to have pushed for. Dennis song Live Again was especially anticipated toward the release of the box set and it was rejected during the 1971 sessions for the Surfs Up album due to group conflicts. Some previously bootlegged unreleased material was left off the compilation due to the group being uncomfortable with its contents, of them, they were Stevie, My Solution, Carry Me Home, Thank Him, and Walkin. To promote the album, fans were given the opportunity to contribute to the production of a video for the previously unreleased track California Feelin via Tongal. The same service offered fans the chance to submit a lead track for Goin to the Beach, with the winners performance mixed into the song by Mark Linett. The winner was awarded a custom guitar. A downloadable version of Goin to the Beach was made available on July 22,2013 as an incentive for pre-ordering the box-set, original stereo mixes unless otherwise noted. Tracks marked ♦ are exclusive to Made in California. Home Recordings / Surfin Rehearsal Highlights -2,58 ♦ Surfin -2,27 Their Hearts Were Full of Spring -2,37 Surfin Safari -2,17409 -2,09 Lonely Sea ♦ -2,39 Surfin U. S. A
29.
British Invasion
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Pop and rock groups such as the Beatles, the Dave Clark Five, the Kinks, the Rolling Stones, Hermans Hermits, and the Animals were at the forefront of the invasion. The rebellious tone and image of US rock and roll and blues musicians became popular with British youth in the late 1950s, some observers have noted that US teenagers were growing tired of singles-oriented pop acts like Fabian. The Mods and Rockers, two gangs in mid-1960s Britain, also had an impact in British Invasion music. Bands with a Mod aesthetic became the most popular, but bands able to both were also successful. In October 1963, the first newspaper articles about the frenzy in England surrounding the group the Beatles appeared nationally in the US. The Beatles November 4 Royal Variety Performance in front of the Queen Mother sparked music industry, during November a number of major American print outlets and two network television evening programs published and broadcast stories on the phenomenon that became known as Beatlemania. On December 17 James had Miss Albert introduce I Want to Hold Your Hand live on the air, wWDCs phones lit up, and Washington, D. C. area record stores were flooded with requests for a record they did not have in stock. James sent the record to disc jockeys around the country sparking similar reaction. On December 26 Capitol Records released the three weeks ahead of schedule. The release of the record during a time when teenagers were on vacation helped spread Beatlemania in the US, on December 29 The Baltimore Sun, reflecting the dismissive view of most adults, editorialized, America had better take thought as to how it will deal with the invasion. Indeed a restrained Beatles go home might be just the thing, in the next year alone, the Beatles would have 30 different listings on the Hot 100. On January 3,1964, The Jack Paar Program ran Beatles concert footage licensed from the BBC as a joke, while this piece was largely forgotten, Beatles producer George Martin has said it aroused the kids curiosity. I Want to Hold Your Hand ascended to one on the January 25,1964, edition of Cash Box magazine. Two days later appeared on The Ed Sullivan Show. Nielsen Ratings estimated that 45 percent of US television viewers that night saw their appearance, according to Michael Ross, It is somewhat ironic that the biggest moment in the history of popular music was first experienced in the US as a television event. The Ed Sullivan Show had for some time been a comfortable hearth-and-slippers experience, not many of the 73 million viewers watching in February 1964 would fully understand what impact the band they were watching would have. The Beatles soon incited contrasting reactions and, in the process, generated more novelty records than anyone - at least 200 during their 1964-1965 takeover and many more later. Among the many reactions, favoring the hysteria, British girl group The Carefrees We Love You Beatles and, on Tuff Records, disapproving the pandemonium, American group the Four Preps A Letter to the Beatles and American comedian Allan Shermans Pop Hates the Beatles
30.
RIAA
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The Recording Industry Association of America is a continental North and South American trade organization that represents the recording industry in the United States. Its members consist of record labels and distributors, which the RIAA says create, the RIAA headquarters is in Washington, D. C. The RIAA was formed in 1952 and its original mission was to administer recording copyright fees and problems, work with trade unions, and do research relating to the record industry and government regulations. Early RIAA standards included the RIAA equalization curve, the format of the record groove and the dimensions of 33 1/3 rpm,45 rpm. Since 2001, the RIAA has spent $2 to $6 million each year on lobbying in the United States, the RIAA also participates in the collective rights management of sound recordings, and it is responsible for certifying Gold and Platinum albums and singles in the United States. Cary Sherman has been the RIAAs chairman and CEO since 2011, Sherman joined the RIAA as its general counsel in 1997 and became president of the board of directors in 2001, serving in that position until being made chairman and CEO. Mitch Glazier has been the RIAAs senior executive vice president since 2011 and he served as executive vice president for public policy and industry relations from 2000 to 2011. The past RIAA chairman and CEO is Mitch Bainwol, who served from 2003 to 2011 and he left in 2011 to become president and CEO of the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers. The board of directors consists of 26 members of the board, the RIAA operates an award program for albums that sell a large number of copies. The program originally began in 1958, with a Gold Award for singles, the criterion was changed in 1975 to the number of copies sold, with albums selling 500,000 copies awarded the Gold Award. In 1976, a Platinum Award was added for one million sales, the awards are open to both RIAA members and non-members. Since 2000, the RIAA also operates a program for Latin music sales. Currently, a Disco De Oro is awarded for 30,000 units, the RIAA defines Latin music as a type of release with 51% or more of its content recorded in Spanish. In 2006, digital ringtones were added to branch of certification. In the same year, the RIAA introduced the Latin Digital Award for digital recordings in Spanish and this release format includes DVD and VHS releases, and certain live albums and compilation albums. The certification criteria is different from other styles. Gold,50,000 Platinum,100,000 Multi-Platinum,200,000 copies The RIAA opposes unauthorized sharing of its music, studies conducted since the association began its campaign against peer-to-peer file-sharing have concluded that losses incurred per download range from negligible to moderate. The association has commenced high-profile lawsuits against file sharing service providers and it has also commenced a series of lawsuits against individuals suspected of file sharing, notably college students and parents of file sharing children
31.
Surfer Girl
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Surfer Girl is the third studio album by American rock band The Beach Boys and their second longplayer in 1963. Surfer Girl reached number 7 in the US during a stay of 56 weeks. In the UK, the album was released in spring 1967 and this was the first album by the Beach Boys for which Brian Wilson was given full production credit, a position Wilson would maintain for the next few years. For the first time producing an album himself, Brian Wilson co-wrote with Mike Love, the title track, a number 7 US hit, was the first song Brian had ever composed, written at the age of 19 using When You Wish Upon a Star as his inspiration. As a ballad, it was a move for a single. Its flip-side, Little Deuce Coupe, proved to be The Beach Boys most successful B-side, reaching US number 15 and it also continued the bands current trend of putting a surf-related song on the A-side of singles, and car songs on the B-side. Catch a Wave featured Mike Loves sister, Maureen, on harp, in My Room was perhaps Brian Wilsons first personal song, a reflection on having a place to go to feel a sense of security and safety from the stress of ones life. Despite some slight material, it was clear that Surfer Girl was a significant step forward for The Beach Boys - and the first of many. South Bay Surfer is co-credited to Al Jardine, who had rejoined The Beach Boys in the summer of 1963 in a limited capacity and does not appear on the album cover. The instrumental track for The Surfer Moon was recorded in early May for an act he was recording, Bob & Vikki. Bob was Bob Norberg, Brians room mate in 1962, the recording date, July 16, given on the sleeve for album tracks not previously released as a single, is not so much questionable as almost certainly impossible. Therefore, it is certain other dates/sessions were also used, thus, it is likely there were at least four sessions for the album tracks, but as the AFM documentation is missing, confirmation cannot be supplied. The picture was taken by Capitol photographer Kenneth Veeder at Paradise Cove, Beach Boys sport matching blue plaid Pendleton Woolen Mills shirts on the cover of their Surfer Girl album. Now called the shirt, the style is still a bestseller. Surfer Girl hit number seven in the US and, later number thirteen in the UK, half the albums tracks have been performed live by either the Beach Boys or Brian Wilson as a solo artist with varying frequency.1990. The Nearest Faraway Place, Brian Wilson, The Beach Boys and the Southern California Experience, Timothy White, c
32.
AllMusic
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AllMusic is an online music guide service website. It was launched in 1991 by All Media Guide which later became All Media Network, AllMusic was launched in 1991 by Michael Erlewine of All Media Guide. The aim was to discographic information on every artist whos made a record since Enrico Caruso gave the industry its first big boost and its first reference book was published the following year. When first released onto the Internet, AMG predated the World Wide Web and was first available as a Gopher site, the AMG consumer web properties AllMusic. com, AllMovie. com and AllGame. com were sold by Rovi in July 2013 to All Media Network, LLC. All Media Network, LLC. was formed by the founders of SideReel. com. The following are contributors to AllMusic, as of this date, All Media Network also produced the AllMusic guide series that includes the AllMusic Guide to Rock, the All Music Guide to Jazz and the All Music Guide to the Blues. Vladimir Bogdanov is the president of the series, in August 2007, PC Magazine included AllMusic in its Top 100 Classic Websites list. All Media Network AllGame AllMovie SideReel All Music Guide to the Blues All Music Guide to Jazz Stephen Thomas Erlewine Official website
33.
Blender (magazine)
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Blender was an American music magazine that billed itself as the ultimate guide to music and more. It was also known for sometimes steamy pictorials of celebrities and it compiled lists of albums, artists, and songs, including both best of and worst of lists. In each issue, there was a review of an artists entire discography, Blender was published by Dennis Publishing. It started publishing a print edition again in 1999 in its most recent form, Blender CD-ROM showcased the earliest digital editorial formats, as well as the first forms of digital advertising. The first digital advertisers included Calvin Klein, Apple Computer, Stephen Colbert, Toyota, in June 2006, the Chicago Tribune named it one of the top ten English-language magazines, describing it as the cool kid at the school of rock magazines. Owner Alpha Media Group closed Blender magazine March 26,2009, going to a format in a move that eliminated 30 jobs. Blenders final print issue was the April 2009 issue, subscribers to the magazine were sent issues of Maxim magazine to make up for the unsent Blender issues. The Indian edition of Blender was the titles first venture outside of the United States and it commenced publication with its May 2008 issue, which featured Mariah Carey on the cover. The magazine was targeted at educated male city dwellers aged between 18 and 34, the magazine was launched through Dennis Media Transasia India, a joint venture between Dennis Publishing and Media Transasia, which also publishes the Asian versions of Blender and Maxim. The joint venture was based in New Delhi with offices in Bangalore, Chennai, Kolkata and Mumbai
34.
The Rolling Stone Album Guide
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The Rolling Stone Album Guide, previously known as The Rolling Stone Record Guide, is a book that contains professional music reviews written and edited by staff members from Rolling Stone magazine. Its first edition was published in 1979 and its last in 2004, the guide can be seen at Rate Your Music, while a list of albums given a five star rating by the guide can be seen at Rocklist. net. The Rolling Stone Record Guide was the first edition of what would later become The Rolling Stone Album Guide and it was edited by Dave Marsh and John Swenson, and included contributions from 34 other music critics. It is divided into sections by musical genre and then lists artists alphabetically within their respective genres, Albums are also listed alphabetically by artist although some of the artists have their careers divided into chronological periods. Dave Marsh, in his Introduction, cites as precedents Leonard Maltins book TV Movies and he gives Phonolog and Schwanns Records & Tape Guide as raw sources of information. The first edition included black and white photographs of many of the covers of albums which received five star reviews and these titles are listed together in the Five-Star Records section, which is coincidentally five pages in length. The edition also included reviews for many artists including Lenny Bruce, Lord Buckley, Bill Cosby, The Firesign Theatre, Spike Jones. Comedy artists were listed in the catch-all section Rock, Soul, Country and Pop, which included the genres of folk, bluegrass, funk, traditional pop performers were not included, with the notable exceptions of Frank Sinatra and Nat King Cole. Included too were some artists who might now be considered as world music. Big band jazz was handled selectively, with certain band leaders omitted, many other styles of jazz did appear in the Jazz section. The book was notable for the time in the provocative, in your style of many of its reviews. For example, writing about Neil Youngs song, Down by the River and his colleague, Dave Marsh, in reviewing the three albums of the jazz fusion group Chase, gave a one-word review, Flee. Good, a record of average worth, but one that might possess considerable appeal for fans of a particular style, mediocre, a record that is artistically insubstantial, though not truly wretched. Poor, a record where even technical competence is at question or it was remarkably ill-conceived, worthless, a record that need never have been created. Reserved for the most bathetic bathwater, Dave Marsh John Swenson Billy Altman Bob Blumenthal Georgia Christgau Jean-Charles Costa Chet Flippo Russell Gersten Mikal Gilmore Alan E. Like the first edition, it was edited by Dave Marsh and it included contributions from 52 music critics and featured chronological album listings under the name of each artist. In many cases, updates from the first edition consist of short, the only difference is that in addition to a rating, the second edition employs the pilcrow mark to indicate a title that was out of print at the time the guide was published. Many records had their ratings lowered as the book now offered a revisionist slant to rocks history and it included contributions from 16 music critics and featured alphabetical album listings under the name of each artist
35.
Mike Love
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Michael Edward Mike Love is an American singer, songwriter, musician, and activist who co-founded the Beach Boys. Characterized by his nasal, sometimes baritone singing, Love has been one of the vocalists and lyricists for most of their career. He is often regarded as a figure in the bands history. In the 1960s, Love collaborated with Wilson and was a lyricist on singles including Fun, Fun, Fun, during this period, his lyrics primarily reflected the youth culture of surfing, cars, and romance, which helped fashion pop cultures perception of the California Dream. Starting in 1968, Love became a teacher of Transcendental Meditation under Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, the experience influenced his lyrics to take on themes of astrology, meditation, politics and ecology. Following this, Loves lyrical direction shifted to attempt to recapture the bands earlier, in the late 1970s, Love began working on solo albums, releasing his first and only in 1981, Looking Back with Love. In 1988, he, along with the founding members of the Beach Boys, was inducted into the Rock. The same year, the song, Kokomo, co-written by Love, in 1998, following the death of cousin Carl Wilson, Love and longtime Beach Boy Bruce Johnston were given an exclusive license to tour under the name the Beach Boys. The other surviving Beach Boys, Brian Wilson and Al Jardine, in 2011, the group reunited to produce a new album and embark on a tour for their 50th anniversary. Following the 50th anniversary reunion shows, Love resumed touring only with Johnston, Loves mother, Emily Wilson, was the sister of Mary and Murry Wilson, a family resident in Los Angeles since the early 1920s. Glee married Edward Milton Love, the son of the founder of the Love Sheet Metal Company, michael Edward, the first of six children, was born in the Baldwin Hills district of Los Angeles, in 1941, thereafter the family moved to the upmarket View Park area. Mike attended Dorsey High School and graduated in 1959, unsure of a career direction, he pumped gas and briefly joined his fathers company, whose fortunes dramatically declined in the late 1950s. Both Milt and Glee Love were active in sports, and Glee had a distinct interest in painting, like her brother, Murry, however, she was also strong-willed and, according to her husband, a dominant personality. The family was close-knit and regularly socialized with Murry and Audree Wilson, Murry Wilson was a part-time songwriter. Mike Love befriended the Wilson sons and often sang at family get-togethers at the Wilsons home in nearby Hawthorne and it was here, under the vocal harmony guidance of Brian Wilson, that the Beach Boys sound was established, predominantly influenced by Brians devotion to the Four Freshmens arrangements. Musical accompaniment during this phase was solely Brians self-taught piano. With the failure of Love Sheet Metal, the family was forced to move to a modest two-bedroom house in Inglewood, Love played rudimentary saxophone in the first years of the fledgling garage band that evolved from the Pendletones to the Beach Boys. He also established himself, along with neighbor Gary Usher, local DJ Roger Christian, as the Beach Boys career developed, all members contributed lead vocals to hit songs, but Love remained the central vocal focus on songs like Do It Again
36.
Frankie Lymon
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The group was composed of five boys, all in their early to mid-teens. The Teenagers first single, 1956s Why Do Fools Fall in Love, was also its biggest hit, after Lymon went solo in mid-1957, both his career and that of the Teenagers fell into decline. He was found dead at the age of 25 on the floor of his grandmothers bathroom from a heroin overdose and his life was dramatized in the 1998 film Why Do Fools Fall In Love. Frankie Lymon was born in Harlem, New York on September 30,1942 to Howard, Howard worked as a truck driver and Jeanette worked as a maid. Howard and Jeanette Lymon also sang in a group known as the Harlemaires, Frankie and his brothers, Lewis and Howie. The Lymons struggled to make ends meet, so, at age 10, at the age of 12 in 1954, Lymon heard a local doo-wop group known as the Coupe De Villes at a school talent show. He became friends with the singer, Herman Santiago, and he eventually became a member of the group. Dennis Jackson of Columbus, Georgia, was one of the influences in Lymons life. His personal donation of $500 helped start Lymons career, One day in 1955, a neighbor gave The Premiers several love letters that had been written to him by his girlfriend, with the hopes that he could give the boys inspiration to write their own songs. Merchant and Santiago adapted one of the letters into a song called Why Do Fools Fall in Love, the Premiers, now calling itself The Teenagers, got its first shot at fame after impressing Richard Barrett, a singer with The Valentines. Barrett, in turn, got the group an audition with record producer George Goldner, on the day of the groups audition, Santiago, the original lead singer, was late. Lymon stepped up and told Goldner that he knew the part because he helped write the song, the disc jockeys always called them Frankie Lymon and the Teenagers. Goldner signed the group to Gee Records, and Why Do Fools Fall in Love became its first single in January 1956, the single peaked at No.6 on the Billboard pop singles chart, and topped the Billboard R&B singles chart for five weeks. Six other top blues 10 singles followed over the year or so, I Want You to Be My Girl, I Promise to Remember. Out in the Cold Again, The ABCs of Love, Im Not a Juvenile Delinquent, I Want You To Be My Girl gave the band its second pop hit, reaching No.13 on the national Billboard Hot 100 chart. Goody Goody was a No.20 pop hit, but did not appear on the R&B chart, the Teenagers placed two other singles in the lower half of the pop chart. With the release of I Want You To Be My Girl, an album, The Teenagers Featuring Frankie Lymon, was released in December 1956. In early 1957, Lymon and the Teenagers broke up while on a tour in Europe, during an engagement at the London Palladium, Goldner began pushing Lymon as a solo act, giving him solo spots in the show
37.
Gary Usher
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Gary Usher was an American rock musician, songwriter, and record producer. Ushers early life was spent in Grafton, Massachusetts and he attended Norcross Grammar School with his sister, Sandra. Gary was kiddingly called Chicken Feed by his male classmates and he graduated from high school in Westborough, Massachusetts in 1957. Though a musician in a number of California bands in the late 1950s, Usher gained notice in the early 1960s and he was the earliest outside collaborator of The Beach Boys Brian Wilson, a Hawthorne, California neighbor of his uncle, co-writing more than ten songs. According to Beach Boys biographer Steven Gaines, Wilsons domineering father Murry Wilson clashed with Usher and discouraged Ushers close personal friendship and working relationship with his son. Usher later recalled that the nicest thing Murry Wilson ever said to him was not bad, Usher, not bad upon hearing Usher, Usher also produced fictitious surf groups or hot rod groups mixing studio session musicians with his own troops. He also made varying attempts to record sides for himself. His second record, Tomorrow b/w Lies, was written and produced by Zane Ashton, Usher also discovered the comedy group The Firesign Theatre, using them on several of his projects for Columbia Records and producing their first album. After being fired by Columbia Records, Usher decided to form a label called Together Records in 1969 with friends Curt Boettcher. After talking to Motown for some time, in the hope of sealing a deal never materialized. Though several albums were released through the label, only the modest, the label then folded when their distributor backed out of the deal in early 1970. Though his career waned after the 1960s, Usher continued to produce, in the 1970s, Usher produced the first two albums by The Wackers. He also produced an album for a folk band called The Ship, most of the songs were quite long. Beyond a Shadow of Doubt was released in June 2001 in Japan, Usher issued an album in 1984 under the name of Celestium. The synth-laden LP was called Sanctuary and featured Tom Kelly as singer, Mike Meros and Alan Pasqua on keyboards, the engineer, Bill Fletcher, was also the bass player on a few cuts. Usher also worked with Brian Wilson again in 1986 but clashed with Wilsons controversial therapist Eugene Landy, one of the last songs co-written by Usher was Lets Put the Fun Back in Rock n Roll, co-written with singer-songwriter/producer Joseph Nicoletti in 1985. It was recorded by The Golden Boys and performed for President, Usher died of cancer at his home in Los Angeles, California at the age of 51. He was the father-in-law of Disney character animator Eric Goldberg, the California Sound - An Insiders Story
38.
Louie Louie
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Louie Louie is an American rhythm and blues song written by Richard Berry in 1955 and best known for the 1963 hit version by The Kingsmen. It has become a standard in pop and rock, with hundreds of versions recorded by different artists, the song was originally written and performed in the style of a Jamaican ballad. It tells, in simple form, the first-person story of a Jamaican sailor returning to the island to see his lady love. The Kingsmens edition was the subject of an FBI investigation about the supposed but nonexistent obscenity of the lyrics, ironically, the song notably includes the drummer yelling Fuck. after dropping his drumstick at the 0,54 mark. Louie Louie has been recognized by organizations and publications worldwide for its influence on the history of rock, Richard Berry was inspired to write the song in 1955 after listening to and performing the song El Loco Cha Cha with Ricky Rillera and the Rhythm Rockers. Touzet performed the tune regularly in Los Angeles clubs in the 1950s, in Berrys mind, the words Louie Louie superimposed themselves over the bass riff. Lyrically, the first person perspective of the song was influenced by One for My Baby, Berry cited Chuck Berrys Havana Moon and his exposure to Latin American music for the songs speech pattern and references to Jamaica. Richard Berry released his version in April 1957, originally as a B-side, with his band the Pharaohs. When the group toured the Pacific Northwest, local R&B bands began to play the song, increasing its popularity, the track was then re-released as an A-side. However, the single never charted on Billboards national rhythm and blues or pop charts, Berrys label reported that the single had sold 40,000 copies. After a series of unsuccessful follow-ups, Berry sold his portion of publishing and songwriting rights for $750 to the head of Flip Records in 1959. While the title of the song is rendered with a comma, in 1988 Berry told Esquire magazine that the correct title of the song was Louie Louie. The original version was not released on CD until the Ace Records Love That Louie compilation in 2002, by some accounts Louie Louie is the worlds most recorded rock song with over 1,600 versions and counting. Robin Roberts developed an interest in rock n roll and rhythm and blues records as a school student in Tacoma. In 1959, Roberts left the Bluenotes and began singing with local band. Known for his onstage performances, Roberts added Louie Louie to the bands set and. The arrangement, devised by Roberts with the band, included Roberts ad-lib Lets give it to em, RIGHT NOW. Released on the own label, Etiquette, in early 1961, it became a hit locally and was then reissued and promoted by Liberty Records in Los Angeles
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