Sigismund I the Old
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Sigismund I the Old was King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1506 until his death in 1548. He was a member of the Jagiellonian dynasty, the son of Casimir IV and younger brother of Kings Jo
Portrait by Kulmbach, c. 1511–1518
Sigismund (far right) with Emperor Maximilian I and brother Vladislaus II in Vienna, 1515, woodcut by Albrecht Dürer
Sigismund grants a noble status to the professors of the Jagiellonian University, 1535, painting by Jan Matejko
Medal featuring the profile of Sigismund I, by Giovanni Maria Mosca
Polish Golden Age
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The Polish Golden Age was the Renaissance period in the Kingdom of Poland and subsequently in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, which started in the late 15th century. Historians argue that the Poli
King Sigismund II Augustus and Queen Barbara Radziwiłł in Vilnius by Jan Matejko
Jagiellonian University in Kraków
De revolutionibus orbium coelestium, the seminal work on the heliocentric theory of Renaissance astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543)
Nicolaus Copernicus, one of the most important astronomers in history