1.
David O. Russell
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David Owen Russell is an American film director, screenwriter, and producer. His early directing career includes the comedy films Spanking the Monkey, Flirting with Disaster, Three Kings, Russell received his seventh Golden Globe nomination for the semi-biographical comedy-drama Joy. Russell was born in Manhattan, to Maria and Bernard Russell and his parents worked for Simon & Schuster, his father was the vice president of sales for the company and his mother was a secretary there. His father was from a Russian Jewish family and his mother was Italian American, russells maternal grandparents were Frank Muzio, born in Craco, and Philomena Brancata, born in Ferrandina, both in the province of Matera. His paternal grandfather, a butcher from the Upper West Side of Manhattan, Russell was raised in Larchmont, New York, in an atheist, middle-class household. When he was 13, he made his first film for a school project and he attended Mamaroneck High School, where he was voted Class Rebel. He fell in love with film in his teens but aspired to become a writer, Russell started a newspaper in high school and his parents worked for a publishing company, so he grew up in a household filled with books and novels. Russell received his A. B. degree from Amherst College and he wrote his senior thesis on the United States intervention in Chile from 1963 to 1973. After graduating from Amherst, Russell traveled to Nicaragua and taught in a Sandinista literacy program and he worked manual labor jobs, including waitering, bartending, and catering. Some of his colleagues included members of the Blue Man Group. He worked for an association and later became a community organizer in Maine. He used video equipment to document slums and bad housing conditions, Russell was a political activist and canvassed and raised money in neighborhoods, he also did community work in Bostons South End. In addition to working in several day jobs, he began to write short films, Russell directed a documentary about Panamanian immigrants in Boston, which led to a job as a production assistant on a PBS series called Smithsonian World. In 1987, Russell wrote, produced, and directed Bingo Inferno, A Parody on American Obsessions, two years later, he made another short titled Hairway to the Stars, which featured Bette Davis and William Hickey. Both shorts were shown at the Sundance Film Festival, after Russell made an award-winning short film for a Boston television station, he received grants from the New York State Council on the Arts and the National Endowment for the Arts. Instead of the money going towards a feature about a fortune cookie writer, he decided to make Spanking the Monkey, as a result, Russell had to return the funds to the NEA. Spanking the Monkey, the 1994 independent dark comedy, was his first directorial effort, the film was produced by Dean Silvers, and starred Jeremy Davies as a troubled young man and Alberta Watson as his lonely mother. His next project was the Miramax comedy Flirting with Disaster, his collaboration with Dean Silvers
2.
Bruce Cohen
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Bruce L. Cohen is a film, television, and theater producer. Cohen was born to a Jewish family and raised in Falls Church, in 1983, he graduated from Yale University with a Bachelor of Arts in Film Studies. Cohen won the Best Picture Oscar for producing American Beauty and he earned additional Best Picture nominations for Milk and Silver Linings Playbook. American Beauty, directed by Sam Mendes, won a total of five Oscars, as well as the Golden Globe, British Academy of Film and Television, and Producers Guild of America awards. Milk, directed by Gus Van Sant, was nominated for eight Academy Awards and won Oscars for Best Actor and Best Original Screenplay, Silver Linings Playbook, written and directed by David O. Russell, was nominated for eight Oscars. It was the first film in 31 years to be nominated in all four acting categories, among the other films Cohen has produced is Big Fish, directed by Tim Burton, which was both a Golden Globe and BAFTA nominee for Best Picture. He is currently a producer of the stage musical version of Big Fish, now on Broadway at the Neil Simon Theatre, with direction. In television, Cohen was executive producer of the ABC series Pushing Daisies and he was also executive producer of the CBS special Movies Rock, and was nominated for an Emmy in 2011 for producing the 83rd Annual Academy Awards. He is married to Gabe Catone and they have a two-year-old daughter, bruce Cohen at the Internet Movie Database
3.
The Silver Linings Playbook
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The Silver Linings Playbook is a 2008 debut novel of American author Matthew Quick. Pat believes he has only been away a few months, but soon realizes it has been years and he has a theory that life is a film created by God and that its silver lining will be the end of Apart Time with Nikki. Pat embarks on a plan of self-improvement in order to win Nikki back, at a dinner with his friend Ronnie and his wife Veronica, Pat is introduced to Tiffany Webster, who has also moved back home after losing her job after her husbands death. Pat trains with Tiffany and performs in a competition with her. After the contest, Tiffany agrees to be a go between and gives Pat a letter, supposedly written by Nikki, Pat suggests a meeting with Nikki at the place they got engaged, and despite no reply he slips away from his family on Christmas Day to meet her. Nikki is not there, Tiffany is, and admits she has forged Nikkis letters, Pat is furious that the last two months of correspondence were a lie. In shock Pat runs into a neighborhood and is assaulted. By chance, he encounters Danny, his friend from the Baltimore mental health facility, Danny helps Pat get to a hospital and reunite him with his family. After several weeks, Pat recovers from his injuries, and after receiving a letter, Tiffany gives Pat a belated birthday present, a cloud chart, and they lie on the ground and watch the clouds together. Pat pulls Tiffany close and she tells him that she needs him, as they lie there on a frozen soccer field in the middle of a snowstorm, Pat kisses her and says, I think I need you too. A film adaptation, Silver Linings Playbook, directed by David O. Russell, was released on November 16,2012 and it stars Bradley Cooper as Pat, Jennifer Lawrence as Tiffany, and Chris Tucker as Danny. The film debuted at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival, where it was awarded the TIFF Peoples Choice Award and it was nominated for eight Academy Awards including the Big Five with Lawrence winning the award for Best Actress. The screenplay made several changes to the plot, including changing Pats ethnicity to the Italian-American Pat Solitano, whose family lives in the suburb of Upper Darby, a brand new character named Randy, that was not previously mentioned in the novel, was added to the movie. Most of the characters, such as Danny, play much more significant roles than they do in the novel. Notably, while Pats condition is never specified in the novel, while Pat in the novel could have had bipolar disorder as well, this is never specified as it is in the film. The Silver Linings Playbook on Open Library at the Internet Archive
4.
Matthew Quick
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Matthew Quick is an American writer of adult and young adult fiction. Quick was finalist for a 2009 PEN/Hemingway Award, and his work has translated into several languages. In 2012, his novel, Boy 21, was reviewed favorably by The New York Times. Quick was a finalist for the TIME100 most influential people of 2013, Quick grew up in Oaklyn, New Jersey and graduated from Collingswood High School. He has a degree in English literature and secondary education from La Salle University, Quick lived in Massachusetts for several years, he and his wife, novelist and pianist Alicia Bessette now live on the Outer Banks of North Carolina. He received an Honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters from La Salle in 2013
5.
Bradley Cooper
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Bradley Charles Cooper is an American actor and producer. He was one of the worlds highest-paid actors for three years, and has been nominated for various accolades, including four Academy Awards, two BAFTA Awards and two Golden Globe Awards. Cooper appeared in Forbes Celebrity 100 on two occasions and Times list of 100 most influential people in the world in 2015, Cooper enrolled in the MFA program at the Actors Studio, New York City in 2000. His career began with a guest role in the television series Sex and he first gained recognition as Will Tippin in the spy-action television show Alias, and achieved minor success with a supporting part in the comedy film Wedding Crashers. His breakthrough role came in 2009 with The Hangover, a successful comedy which spawned two sequels in 2011 and 2013. Coopers portrayal of a writer in the thriller Limitless and a rookie police officer in the crime drama The Place Beyond the Pines drew praise from critics. He found greater success with the romantic comedy-drama Silver Linings Playbook, the comedy crime film American Hustle. For his work in films, Cooper was nominated for Academy Awards—two Best Actor, one Best Supporting Actor. Cooper became the actor to receive an Academy Award nomination in three consecutive years. In 2014, he portrayed Joseph Merrick in a Broadway revival of The Elephant Man, Cooper was born on January 5,1975, in Philadelphia, and grew up in the nearby communities of Jenkintown and Rydal. His mother, Gloria, worked for the local NBC affiliate and his father, Charles Cooper, who died in January 2011, worked as a stockbroker for Merrill Lynch. Charles Cooper was of Irish descent, while Gloria Cooper is of Italian ancestry, Cooper has an older sister, Holly. He was raised as a Roman Catholic and he had cholesteatoma in his ear soon after his birth, and punctured his eardrum when he started diving at an early age. Describing himself as a child, Cooper has said, I never lived the life of Oh, People thought I was a girl when I was little, because I looked like a girl—maybe because my mother would keep my hair really long. He excelled at basketball, and enjoyed cooking, I used to have come over after kindergarten. I prided myself in taking whatever was in the fridge and turning it into lasagna and he initially wanted to attend a military academy and move to Japan to become a ninja. At an early age, his father introduced him to films like The Elephant Man, while attending Germantown Academy, he worked at the Philadelphia Daily News. He says that in school he was neither the smartest person nor the coolest kid, after graduating from the academy in 1993, Cooper studied at Villanova University for a year before transferring to Georgetown University
6.
Jennifer Lawrence
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Jennifer Shrader Lawrence is an American actress. Since 2015, Lawrence has been the actress in the world. She appeared in Times 100 most influential people in the world in 2013 and Forbes Celebrity 100 the following year, during her childhood, Lawrence performed in church plays and school musicals. When she was 14, a talent scout spotted her in New York and she then moved to Los Angeles and began her acting career by playing guest roles in television shows. Her first major role came as a main cast member on the sitcom The Bill Engvall Show, Lawrence made her film debut with a supporting role in Garden Party, and had her breakthrough playing a poverty-stricken teenager in the independent drama Winters Bone. She achieved wider recognition for playing the mutant Mystique in X-Men, First Class, Lawrences fame continued to grow with her starring role as Katniss Everdeen in the Hunger Games film series, which established her as the highest-grossing action heroine of all time. She went on to earn various accolades from her collaborations with director David O. Russell and her performance as a depressed widow in the romance film Silver Linings Playbook received an Academy Award for Best Actress, making her the second youngest Best Actress Oscar winner. Lawrence subsequently won a BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for playing a wife in the black comedy American Hustle. She also received Golden Globe Awards for her roles in both of these films and for playing the eponymous inventor in the biopic Joy. Jennifer Shrader Lawrence was born on August 15,1990, in Indian Hills, Kentucky, to Gary, a worker, and Karen. She has two brothers, Ben and Blaine, and her mother brought her up to be tough like them. Lawrences mother did not allow her to play other girls in preschool as she deemed her too rough with them. The actress was educated at the Kammerer Middle School in Louisville and she did not enjoy her childhood due to hyperactivity and social anxiety, and considered herself a misfit among her peers. Lawrence says that her anxieties vanished when she performed on stage, a cheerleader at school, Lawrence also played softball, field hockey and basketball, which she played on a boys team that her father coached. She was fond of riding while growing up and frequently visited a local horse farm. She has a damaged coccyx from being thrown off a horse, the actress has said that she knew she would be famous from an early age. When her father worked from home, she performed for him, for the next few years, she continued to take parts in church plays and school musicals. During a family vacation to New York, when Lawrence was 14, Lawrences mother was not keen on allowing her to pursue an acting career, but briefly moved to the city to let her read for roles
7.
Robert De Niro
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Robert Anthony De Niro is an American actor, producer and director who has both Italian and American citizenship. He was cast as the young Vito Corleone in the 1974 film The Godfather Part II and his longtime collaboration with director Martin Scorsese earned him the Academy Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of Jake La Motta in the 1980 film Raging Bull. He received the AFI Life Achievement Award in 2003, the Golden Globe Cecil B, deMille Award in 2010, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama in 2016. De Niros first major roles were in the sports drama, Bang the Drum Slowly. He earned Academy Award nominations for the psychological thrillers Taxi Driver and Cape Fear, De Niro received additional nominations for Michael Ciminos Vietnam war drama, The Deer Hunter, Penny Marshalls drama Awakenings, and David O. Russells romantic comedy-drama, Silver Linings Playbook. His portrayal of gangster Jimmy Conway in Scorseses crime film, Goodfellas, other notable performances include roles in Once Upon a Time in America, Brazil, The Untouchables, Heat, and Casino. He has directed and starred in such as the crime drama A Bronx Tale. Robert Anthony De Niro was born in the Greenwich Village area of Manhattan, New York, the son of Virginia Admiral and Robert De Niro Sr. Both of his parents were painters, his father was of half Italian and half Irish descent, while his mother was of half German ancestry, with her other roots being French, English and Dutch. De Niros parents, who had met at the classes of Hans Hofmann in Provincetown, Massachusetts. De Niro was raised by his mother in the Greenwich Village and his father lived within walking distance and De Niro spent much time with him as he grew up. His mother was raised Presbyterian but became an atheist as an adult, against his parents wishes, his grandparents had him secretly baptized into the Catholic Church while he was staying with them during his parents divorce. De Niro attended PS41, an elementary school in Manhattan. He then went to Elisabeth Irwin High School, the upper school of the Little Red School House. He was accepted into the High School of Music and Art for the ninth grade, De Niro began high school at the private McBurney School and later attended the private Rhodes Preparatory School, although he never graduated from either. Nicknamed Bobby Milk for his pallor, De Niro hung out with a group of kids as a youth in Little Italy. The direction of his future had already been foreshadowed by his debut at age 10. Along with finding relief from shyness through performing, he was also fixated by cinema and he studied acting at the Stella Adler Conservatory, as well as Lee Strasbergs Actors Studio
8.
Jacki Weaver
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Jacqueline Ruth Jacki Weaver, AO is an Australian theatre, film, and television actress. She is known internationally for her performances in Animal Kingdom and Silver Linings Playbook, Weaver emerged in the 1970s as a symbol of the Australian New Wave through her work in Ozploitation films such as Stork, Alvin Purple and Petersen. In 2005, she released her autobiography titled Much Love, Jac, Weaver was born in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Her mother, Edith, was a migrant from the United Kingdom and she attended Hornsby Girls High School, and won a scholarship to study sociology at university, but instead embarked upon an acting career. Weaver has been working in Australian film, stage and television since the 1960s, the turning point in her career came in 1965 just before she was about to go to university and was cast in the Australian TV series Wandjina. In the mid-1960s, she appeared on the Australian music show Bandstand, in one appearance, she sang a 1920s-style pastiche, the novelty song I Love Onions. Weavers film debut came with 1971s Stork for which she won her first Australian Film Institute Award, in the 1970s, Weaver gained a sex-symbol reputation thanks to her performances in the likes of Alvin Purple. In 2010, Weaver also starred in the Melbourne-set crime thriller Animal Kingdom playing a gang family matriarch, on 10 January 2013, Weaver was again nominated for an Academy Award for her role opposite Robert De Niro in the film Silver Linings Playbook. In April the same year, she was cast in the adaptation of Richard Alfieris play 6 Dance Lessons in 6 Weeks opposite Gena Rowlands. In August 2013, Australians in Film announced that Weaver would be honored with the organizations Breakthrough Award at an exclusive Benefit Dinner held 24 October 2013 in Los Angeles and she also portrayed Dr. Warren in the 2014 comedy crime horror film The Voices. Weaver was married to David Price from 1966 to 1970 before divorcing and marrying Max Hensser in 1975 and she married radio and television presenter Derryn Hinch in 1983, they divorced in 1996, remarried in 1997, and divorced again in 1998. She had a son, Dylan with partner at the time John Walters and she is currently married to actor Sean Taylor. Weaver is a supporter of the Australian Labor Party, and recorded an advertisement in support of them for the 1996 federal election. Jackie Weaver is currently the Patron of Ballarat National Theatre, a volunteer Theatre Group in Ballarat, Australia
9.
Anupam Kher
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Anupam Kher is an Indian actor who has appeared in over 400 films and many plays. Russells 2013 Oscar-winning Silver Linings Playbook, Kher has won the Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Comic Role five times. For his performance in the 1988 film Vijay he won the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor and he has held the post of chairman of Central Board of Film Certification and National School of Drama in India. He is currently the chairman at Actor Prepares, the Government of India honoured him with the Padma Shri in 2004 and the Padma Bhushan in 2016 for his contribution in the field of cinema and arts. His wife, actress Kirron Kher, is a Member of the Indian Parliament from Chandigarh, Kher was born on 7 March 1955 in Shimla in a Kashmiri Pandit family. His father was a clerk and he had a modest upbringing, in his struggling days as an actor in Mumbai, he slept on railway platforms. He is an alumnus and a chairperson of the National School of Drama. Some of his roles were in plays performed at the Himachal Pradesh University. Kher made his debut in the 1982 Hindi movie Aagman. Then in 1984 came Saaransh, where 28-year-old Kher played a middle class Maharashtrian man who has lost his son. He has had many comic roles but has played the villain such as his acclaimed role as terrorist Dr. Dang in Karma. For his role in Daddy he received the Filmfare Critics Award for Best Performance and he has starred alongside Hindi Cinemas superstar Shahrukh Khan many times in films such as Darr, Dilwale Dulhaniya Le Jayenge, Chaahat, Kuch Kuch Hota Hai, Mohabbatein, Veer-Zaara and Happy New Year. He ventured into directing with Om Jai Jagadish and has been a producer and he produced and starred in the film Maine Gandhi Ko Nahin Mara. He received the Best Actor Award from the Karachi International Film Festival for his performance, the role of the Police Commissioner Rathor, played by him in critically and commercially acclaimed A Wednesday is also very much appreciated. Kher is known internationally for Bend It Like Beckham, Bride and Prejudice, Speedy Singhs, his appearance on the hit TV show ER, in 2012 he co-starred in the Academy Award-winning Silver Linings Playbook. Kher has written and starred in a play about his own life called Kucch Bhi Ho Sakta Hai, until recently he served as chairman of the Indian Film Censor Board. He is an alumnus of National School of Drama and was its director between 2001 and 2004, in 2007, Anupam Kher, with his batchmate of NSD, Satish Kaushik, started a film production company, Karol Bagh Productions. Their first film, Tere Sang, was directed by Satish Kaushik and he was appointed in 2010 as the goodwill ambassador of the Pratham Education Foundation, which strives to improve childrens education in India
10.
Chris Tucker
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Christopher Chris Tucker is an American actor and stand-up comedian. He is known for playing the role of Smokey in Friday, Tucker became a frequent stand up performer on Def Comedy Jam in the 1990s. He also appeared in Luc Bessons The Fifth Element, Quentin Tarantino s Jackie Brown, Tucker was born on August 31,1971, in Atlanta, Georgia, the youngest son of Mary Louise and Norris Tucker. One of six children, Tucker learned early in life that humor has the power to draw attention to both at school and at home. His father was an independent businessman who owned a janitorial service, Tucker grew up in Decatur, Georgia, and, after graduating from Columbia High School in Decatur, he moved to Los Angeles, California, to pursue a career in comedy and acting. In 1992, Tucker was a frequent performer on Def Comedy Jam and he made his cinematic debut in House Party 3, and gained greater film recognition alongside rapper Ice Cube in the 1995 film Friday. In 1997, he co-starred with Charlie Sheen in Money Talks, after the commercial success of the first Rush Hour film, Tucker held out for a $20 million salary for Rush Hour 2 and was paid $25 million salary for Rush Hour 3. The latter was part of a $40 million two-movie contract with New Line Cinema that also included a future film. He was also to receive 20% of the gross against his salary from the Rush Hour 3, Tucker did not reprise his role as Smokey in Next Friday or in Friday After Next because he had become a born-again Christian after filming Money Talks. He starred in Michael Jacksons video You Rock My World and made a appearance in Tupac Shakurs California Love. On February 13,1999, Tucker participated in the NBA All-Star Weekends Celebrity Game, other celebrities participating included rapper Master P, NBA Hall of Famers Clyde Drexler and Dominique Wilkins, wide receiver Terrell Owens, and four Harlem Globetrotters. In 2011, Tucker made a comeback to stand-up comedy, the next year, Tucker returned to film in the Academy Award winning drama Silver Linings Playbook, co-starring Bradley Cooper, Jennifer Lawrence and Robert De Niro. Tuckers performance in the film was received by critics and audiences alike. The film itself received numerous nominations and awards, Tucker was among the winners of the Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Cast in 2012 and he also hosted the 2013 BET Awards. Tucker has a son named Destin, who lives with his mother in Los Angeles and he divides his time among Bel Air, Los Angeles, Las Vegas, Nevada, and Atlanta, Georgia. A friend of Bill Clinton, Tucker has traveled with the former President overseas, Tucker participated in a PBS documentary on the genetic makeup of African Americans. He found he has African, European, and Native American ancestry, through DNA tests, Tuckers patrilineal ancestry was traced back to the Ambundu ethnic group of Angola and one line of his mothers to the Bamileke of Cameroon. He also traced his family back to the 1830s
11.
Danny Elfman
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Daniel Robert Danny Elfman is an American composer, singer, songwriter, and record producer. In 1976 Elfman entered the industry as an actor. In 1982 he scored his first film, Forbidden Zone, directed by his older brother Richard Elfman, among his honours are four Academy Award nominations, a Grammy for Batman, an Emmy for Desperate Housewives, the 2002 Richard Kirk Award, and the Disney Legend Award. Danny Elfman was born on May 29,1953 in Los Angeles and he is the son of Blossom Elfman, a writer and teacher, and Milton Elfman, a teacher who was in the Air Force. He was raised in a racially mixed affluent community in Baldwin Hills and he spent much of his time in the neighborhoods local movie theatre, adoring the music of such film composers as Bernard Herrmann and Franz Waxman. Stating that he hung out with the band geeks in high school, after dropping out of high school, he followed his brother Richard to France, where he performed with Le Grand Magic Circus, an avant-garde musical theater group. He was never officially a student at the CalArts, nonetheless, Elfman stated, He just laughed, and said, Sit. I continued to sit and play for a couple years, at this time, his brother Richard was forming a new musical theater group. In 1972 Richard Elfman founded the American new wave band/performance art group and they played several shows throughout the 1970s until Richard Elfman left the band to become a filmmaker. As a send-off to the original concept, Richard Elfman created the film Forbidden Zone based on their stage performances. Danny Elfman composed his first score for the film and played the role of Satan, by the time the movie was completed, they had taken the name Oingo Boingo and begun recording and touring as a rock group. From 1976 and on, it was led by Danny Elfman, the semi-theatrical music and comedy troupe had transformed into a ska-influenced new wave band in 1979, and then changed again towards a more guitar-oriented rock sound, in the late 1980s. Oingo Boingo, still led by Danny Elfman, performed as themselves in the 1986 movie Back to School, in 1985, Tim Burton and Paul Reubens invited Elfman to write the score for their first feature film, Pee-wees Big Adventure. Elfman also provided the voice for Jack Skellington in Tim Burtons The Nightmare Before Christmas. Years later he provided the voice for Bonejangles the skeleton in Corpse Bride and the voices of the Oompa-Loompas in Charlie, one of Elfmans notable compositions is The Simpsons Theme. He composed the theme in 1989, and it has been in use ever since, in 2002 Elfman composed the opening theme for the Sam Raimi Spider-Man series. This as well as altered versions made its way to all 3 Spider-Man movies, in 2004 Elfman composed Serenada Schizophrana for the American Composers Orchestra. It was conducted by John Mauceri on its recording and by Steven Sloane at its premiere at Carnegie Hall in New York City on February 23,2005, after its premiere, it was recorded in studio and released onto SACD on October 3,2006
12.
The Weinstein Company
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The Weinstein Company is a mini-major film studio, founded in New York City by Bob and Harvey Weinstein in 2005. The studio originated after the Weinsteins had left Miramax Films, which they had co-founded in 1979 and they retained ownership of Dimension Films. TWC is one of the largest mini-major film studios in North America, in February 2006, TWC announced a distribution pact with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. MGM distributed the product domestically in theatres, while TWC will retain ownership of their product. On July 13,2006, the Weinsteins and Robert L. Johnson announced the creation of a joint venture studio titled Our Stories Films, in late August 2006, it was announced that TWC and co-investors Hubbard Media Group purchased Ovation TV, an arts-focused cable channel. In November 2006, TWC announced a deal with Blockbuster Video to give the video renting company exclusive rights for rentals starting on January 1,2007. However, under the First Sale Doctrine of United States copyright law, the company is the co-producer, along with Miramax, of the Lifetime reality series Project Runway, which for its first five seasons aired on Bravo. The series won a Peabody Award in 2007, on May 23,2007, the Weinstein Company announced the launch of three new direct-to-video labels, The Miriam Collection, Kaleidoscope TWC, and Dimension Extreme. On February 8,2008, TWC launched a distributor called Third Rail Releasing that released films aimed mainly at the video market. On September 25,2008, TWC ended its three-year distribution pact with MGM three months before the December 31 end date and this happened in part because TWC had struck a television output deal with Showtime, though not through MGMs output deal with them. During the span of their pact, TWC paid for marketing and prints, in 2009, TWC might have lost the rights to the movie Sin City 2. The first film cost only 40 million dollars to make and brought in almost 159 million in box office alone, Weinstein Company lawyer Bert Fields quickly denied this report saying TWCs rights to produce sequels to Sin City remain intact as they always have been. Any suggestion to the contrary is complete hogwash, in June 2009, the Weinstein Company announced the hiring of a financial adviser to restructure the finances of the company. Since July 2009, many occurred at TWC, and the release dates of some films were pushed back. On September 14,2009, TWC sold its stake in Genius Products, Genius however, had announced to exit the home video distribution business and the DVD rights that were distributed by Genius were sold to Vivendi Entertainment. TWC also struck a deal with Vivendi, the same year, it won a Peabody Award for The No.1 Ladies Detective Agency. In January 2010, TWC announced more layoffs at the company after the box office failure of Nine, on February 21,2010, The Weinstein Company made a deal with Sony Pictures Home Entertainment releasing the DVDs through Sony Pictures Worldwide Acquisitions Group. Bob and Harvey Weinstein attempted to buy back Miramax from Disney in 2010, an ownership interest in TWCs library at that point, consisting of 200 titles, was sold off to Goldman Sachs and Assured Guaranty in 2010
13.
2012 Toronto International Film Festival
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The 37th annual Toronto International Film Festival was held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada between September 6 and September 16,2012. TIFF announced the films that were accepted on August 21,2012, looper directed by Rian Johnson was selected as the opening film. On 17 September 2012, it was announced that David O. Russells comedy film, the film, in which Bradley Cooper and Jennifer Lawrence appear as neurotic lovers obsessed with their exes, is based on a novel by Matthew Quick. The festival director, Piers Handling, stated that the film is an emotional story. Ben Afflecks Argo was the runner-up for the prize
14.
Romantic comedy film
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Romantic comedy films are films with light-hearted, humorous plotlines, centered on romantic ideals such as that true love is able to surmount most obstacles. One dictionary definition is a movie, play, or television program about a love story that ends happily. Another definition states that its primary distinguishing feature is a plot in which two sympathetic and well-matched lovers are united or reconciled. Romantic comedy films are a genre of comedy films as well as of romance films. However a romantic comedy is classified as a film with two genres not a new genre. Some television series can also be classified as romantic comedies, a wedding-bells, fairy-tale-style happy ending is practically mandatory. The basic plot of a comedy is that two characters meet, part ways due to an argument or other obstacle, then ultimately reunite. Sometimes the two meet and become involved initially, then must confront challenges to their union. Sometimes they are hesitant to become involved because they believe that they do not like each other, because one of them already has a partner. However, the screenwriters leave clues that suggest that the characters are, in fact, attracted to each other, the protagonists often separate or seek time apart to sort out their feelings or deal with the external obstacles to their being together. While the two protagonists are separated, one or both of them realizes that they are ideal for each other, or that they are in love with each other. Then, after one of the two makes some effort to find the other person and declare their love, or through an astonishing coincidental encounter. Then, perhaps with some comic friction or awkwardness, they declare their love for each other, the couple does not, however, have to marry, or live together happily ever after. The ending of a comedy is meant to affirm the primary importance of the love relationship in its protagonists lives. There are many variations on this basic plotline, sometimes, instead of the two lead characters ending up in each others arms, another love match will be made between one of the principal characters and a secondary character. Alternatively, the film may be a rumination on the impossibility of love, the basic format of a romantic comedy film can be found in much earlier sources, such as Shakespeare plays like Much Ado About Nothing and A Midsummer Nights Dream. Some comedy films, such as Knocked Up, combine themes of romantic comedies and stoner comedies, often known as bromance, such films usually use sexual elements which bring the two characters together. Films in this genre include American Pie 2 and even Wedding Crashers, romantic comedies have begun to spread out of their conventional and traditional structure into other territory
15.
Julia Stiles
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Julia OHara Stiles is an American actress. Born and raised in New York City, Stiles began acting at age 11 and she became known to a wider audience for her supporting role alongside Matt Damon as Nicky Parsons in the Bourne film series. As a member of the cast of Silver Linings Playbook, Stiles was nominated for a Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture, Stiles appears in the Blue web series also broadcast on television. Stiles was born in New York City, to parents Judith Newcomb Stiles, a potter, and John OHara and she is the eldest of three children with a brother, Johnny, and a sister, Jane. Stiles is of English, Irish, and Italian descent and she started acting at the age of 11, performing with New Yorks La MaMa Theatre Company. Stiles first film role was in I Love You, I Love You Not, with Claire Danes and she also had small roles as Harrison Fords characters daughter in Alan J. Pakulas The Devils Own and in M. Night Shyamalans Wide Awake. Her first lead was in Wicked, playing a girl who might have murdered her mother so she could have her father all to herself. Critic Joe Balthai wrote she was the darling of the 1998 Sundance Film Festival. In 1999, she portrayed Kat Stratford, opposite Heath Ledger, in Gil Jungers 10 Things I Hate About You and she won an MTV Movie Award for Breakthrough Female Performance for the role. The Chicago Film Critics voted her the most promising new actress of the year and her next starring role was in Down to You, which was panned by critics, but earned her co-star Freddie Prinze, Jr. and her a Teen Choice Award nomination for their on-screen chemistry. She subsequently appeared in two more Shakespearean adaptations, the first was as Ophelia in Michael Almereydas Hamlet, with Ethan Hawke in the lead. The second was in the Desdemona role, opposite Mekhi Phifer, in Tim Blake Nelsons O, neither film was a great success, O was subject to many delays and a change of distributors, and Hamlet was an art house film shot on a minimal budget. At her new, nearly all-black school, she falls in love with the character played by Sean Patrick Thomas, who teaches her hip-hop dance steps that get her into the Juilliard School. The role won her two more MTV awards for Best Kiss and Best Female Performance, and a Teen Choice Award for best fight scene for her battle with Bianca Lawson. Rolling Stone pronounced her the coolest co-ed, putting her on the cover of its April 12,2001 and she told Rolling Stone that she performed all her own dancing in the film, though the way the film was shot and edited might have made it appear otherwise. In David Mamets State and Main, about a shooting on location in a small town in Vermont. Stiles also appeared opposite Stockard Channing in the art house film The Business of Strangers as a conniving. Channing was impressed by her co-star, In addition to her talent, she has a quality that is almost feral and she has an effect on people
16.
Psychiatric hospital
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Psychiatric hospitals vary widely in their size and grading. Some hospitals may specialize only in short-term or outpatient therapy for low-risk patients, others may specialize in the temporary or permanent care of residents who, as a result of a psychological disorder, require routine assistance, treatment, or a specialized and controlled environment. Patients are often admitted on a basis, but people whom psychiatrists believe may pose a significant danger to themselves or others may be subject to involuntary commitment. Psychiatric hospitals may also be referred to as psychiatric wards when they are a subunit of a regular hospital, modern psychiatric hospitals evolved from, and eventually replaced the older lunatic asylums. The treatment of inmates in early lunatic asylums was sometimes brutal, a crisis stabilization unit is in effect an emergency room for psychiatry, frequently dealing with suicidal, violent, or otherwise critical individuals. Open units are units that are not as secure as crisis stabilization units. Another type of hospital is medium term, which provides care lasting several weeks. In the United Kingdom, both admissions and medium term care is usually provided on acute admissions wards. Juvenile or adolescent wards are sections of psychiatric hospitals or psychiatric wards set aside for children or adolescents with mental illness, long-term care facilities have the goal of treatment and rehabilitation back into society within a short time-frame. Another institution for the mentally ill is a halfway house. Modern psychiatric hospitals evolved from, and eventually replaced the older lunatic asylums, the development of the modern psychiatric hospital is also the story of the rise of organized, institutional psychiatry. It greatly differed from the view in which the insane were viewed as under the influence of the Devil therefore needing to be isolated from society. The first psychiatric hospital was built by the Muslims in Baghdad in 705 AD, others would rapidly follow, with some of the more famous ones being built in Cairo in 800 AD and in Damascus in 1270 AD. The physicians of the Islamic world would invent and use a variety of treatments, including occupational therapy, music therapy, as well as medication. Western Europe would adopt these views later on with the advances of physicians like Philippe Pinel at the Bicêtre Hospital in France and they advocated the viewing of mental illness as a disorder that required compassionate treatment that would aid in the rehabilitation of the victim. The arrival in the Western world of institutionalisation as a solution to the problem of madness was very much an event of the nineteenth century, nine counties first applied, the first public asylum opening in 1812 in Nottinghamshire. In 1828, the newly appointed Commissioners in Lunacy were empowered to license and supervise private asylums, the Lunacy Act 1845 made the construction of asylums in every country compulsory with regular inspections on behalf of the Home Secretary. The Act required asylums to have written regulations and to have a resident physician, at the beginning of the nineteenth century there were a few thousand sick people housed in a variety of disparate institutions throughout England, but by 1900 that figure had grown to about 100,000
17.
85th Academy Awards
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The ceremony was the first in the Academys 85-year history to adopt the phrase The Oscars as the ceremonys official name during the broadcast and marketing. During the ceremony, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences presented Academy Awards in 24 categories, the ceremony was televised in the United States by ABC, and produced by Craig Zadan and Neil Meron and directed by Don Mischer. Actor Seth MacFarlane hosted the show for the first time, in related events, the Academy held its 4th annual Governors Awards ceremony at the Grand Ballroom of the Hollywood and Highland Center on December 1,2012. On February 9,2013, in a ceremony at The Beverly Hills Hotel in Beverly Hills, California, Life of Pi won four awards including Best Director for Ang Lee. Argo won three awards, including Best Picture, the film to win an Academy Award for Best Picture without its director nominated. The telecast garnered more than 40 million viewers in the United States, the nominees for the 85th Academy Awards were announced on January 10,2013, at 5,38 a. m. PST at the Samuel Goldwyn Theater in Beverly Hills, California, by Seth MacFarlane, host of the ceremony, Lincoln received the most nominations with twelve total, and Life of Pi came in second with eleven. The winners were announced during the ceremony on February 24,2013. Argo was the film to win Best Picture without a directing nomination, following 1927s Wings, 1932s Grand Hotel. As co-producer of Argo, George Clooney became the individual to win Oscars for both acting and producing. He was also the first singer nominee and also the first to host the show solo, silver Linings Playbook was the fourteenth film to earn nominations in all four acting categories, and the first since Reds in 1981. At age 22, Best Actress winner Jennifer Lawrence became the second-youngest winner in that category, with his third win for Best Lead Actor, Daniel Day-Lewis became the first three-time winner in that category. He also was the performer to win at least three acting Oscars. Amour was the fourth film nominated simultaneously for Best Picture and Best Foreign Language Film in the same year, at age nine, Quvenzhané Wallis became the youngest nominee for Best Actress and the youngest female acting nominee overall. Meanwhile, Emmanuelle Riva was the oldest nominee for Best Actress and this marked the first time in Oscar history that all five nominees in an acting category were all previous winners. Skyfall and Zero Dark Thirtys joint win in the Best Sound Editing category was the occurrence of a tie in Oscar history. Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a double dagger, the Academy held its 4th Annual Governors Awards ceremony on December 1,2012, during which the following awards were presented. Hal Needham — An innovator, mentor, and master technician who elevated his craft to an art, D. A. Pennebaker — Who redefined the language of film and taught a generation of filmmakers to look to reality for inspiration
18.
Academy Award for Best Director
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The Academy Award for Best Director is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of a director who has exhibited outstanding directing while working in the film industry. However, these categories were merged for all subsequent ceremonies, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the directors branch of AMPAS, winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy. For the first eleven years of the Academy Awards, directors were allowed to be nominated for multiple films in the same year, the Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture have been very closely linked throughout their history. Of the 89 films that have been awarded Best Picture,63 have also been awarded Best Director, since its inception, the award has been given to 69 directors or directing teams. John Ford has received the most awards in this category with four, william Wyler was nominated on twelve occasions, more than any other individual. As of the 2017 ceremony, Damien Chazelle is the most recent winner in category for his work on La La Land. Chazelle also became the youngest director in history to receive this award, two directing teams have shared the award, Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins for West Side Story in 1961 and Joel and Ethan Coen for No Country for Old Men in 2007. The Coen brothers are the siblings to have won the award. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31, for the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1,1932 to December 31,1933. Since the 7th ceremony held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full calendar year from January 1 to December 31. org The Academy Awards Database Oscar. com
19.
Reds (film)
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Reds is a 1981 American epic drama film co-written, produced and directed by Warren Beatty. The picture centers on the life and career of John Reed, Beatty stars in the lead role alongside Diane Keaton as Louise Bryant and Jack Nicholson as Eugene ONeill. The supporting cast includes Edward Herrmann, Jerzy Kosinski, Paul Sorvino, Maureen Stapleton, Gene Hackman, Ramon Bieri, Nicolas Coster, Beatty was awarded the Academy Award for Best Director and the film was nominated for Best Picture, but lost to Chariots of Fire. Beatty, Keaton, Nicholson and Stapleton were nominated for Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Supporting Actor and Best Supporting Actress, Stapleton was the only one of the four to win. Beatty was also nominated, along with co-writer Trevor Griffiths, for Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay, Beatty became the third person to be nominated for Academy Awards in the categories Best Actor, Director and Original Screenplay for a film nominated for Best Picture. In June 2008, the American Film Institute revealed its Ten Top Ten – the best ten films in ten classic American film genres – after polling over 1,500 people from the creative community, Reds was acknowledged as the ninth best film in the epic genre. In 1915, married socialite Louise Bryant encounters the radical journalist John Reed for the first time at a lecture in Portland, Oregon, and she is intrigued with his idealism. Upon meeting him for an interview on international politics which lasts over the course of a night, later, they move to Provincetown, Massachusetts, to concentrate on their writing, becoming involved in the local theatre scene. Through her writing, Bryant becomes a feminist and radical in her own right, Reed becomes involved in labor strikes with the Reds of the Communist Labor Party of America. Obsessed with changing the world, he grows restless and heads for St. Louis to cover the 1916 Democratic Convention, during Reeds absence, Bryant falls into a complicated affair with ONeill. Upon his return, Reed discovers the truth about the affair, the two marry secretly and make a home together in Croton-on-Hudson, north of New York City, but still have conflicting desires. When Reed admits to his own infidelities, Bryant takes a ship to Europe to work as a war correspondent, after a flare-up of a kidney disorder, Reed is warned to avoid excessive travel or stress, but he decides to take the same path. Reunited as professionals, the two find their passion rekindled as they are swept up in the fall of Russias Czarist regime, the second part of the film takes place shortly after the publication of Ten Days that Shook the World. While attempting to leave Europe, he is imprisoned and interrogated in Finland. He returns to Russia and is reunited with Bryant at the station in Moscow. By this point, Reed is growing weaker as a result of his kidney disorder. Bryant helps nurse the ailing Reed, who eventually dies, Beatty came across the story of John Reed in the mid-1960s and executive producer and film editor Dede Allen remembers Beattys mentioning making a film about Reeds life as early as 1966. Originally titled Comrades, the first script was written by Beatty in 1969, in 1976, Beatty found a suitable collaborator in Trevor Griffiths who began work but was delayed when his wife died in a plane crash
20.
Million Dollar Baby
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Million Dollar Baby is a 2004 American sports drama film directed, co-produced and scored by Clint Eastwood, and starring Eastwood, Hilary Swank and Morgan Freeman. Million Dollar Baby opened to acclaim from critics, and won four Academy Awards. Its screenplay was written by Paul Haggis, based on stories by F. X. Toole, the pen name of fight manager and cutman Jerry Boyd, originally published under the title Rope Burns, the stories have since been republished under the films title. Margaret Maggie Fitzgerald, a waitress from a Missouri town in the Ozarks, shows up in the Hit Pit, a run-down Los Angeles gym owned and operated by Frankie Dunn, Maggie asks Frankie to train her, but he initially refuses. Maggie works out tirelessly each day in his gym, even after Frankie tells her shes too old to begin a career at her age. Eddie Scrap-Iron Dupris, Frankies friend and employee—and the films narrator—encourages, Frankies prize prospect, Big Willie Little, signs with successful manager Mickey Mack after becoming impatient with Dunns rejecting offers for a championship bout. With prodding from Scrap and impressed with her persistence, Frankie reluctantly agrees to train Maggie and he warns her that he will teach her only the basics and then find her a manager. Other than Maggie and his employees, the only person Frankie has contact with is a local pastor, a natural, she fights her way up in the womens amateur boxing division with Frankies coaching, winning many of her lightweight bouts with first-round knockouts. Earning a reputation for her KOs, Frankie must resort to bribery to get other managers to put their trainee fighters up against her, eventually, Frankie risks putting her in the junior welterweight class, where her nose is broken in her first match. Frankie comes to establish a bond with Maggie, who substitutes for his estranged daughter. Scrap, concerned when Frankie rejects several offers for big fights, Frankie begrudgingly accepts a fight for her against a top-ranked opponent in the UK, where he bestows a Gaelic nickname on her. Frankie is finally willing to arrange a title fight and he secures Maggie a $1 million match in Las Vegas, Nevada against the WBA womens welterweight champion, Billie The Blue Bear, a German ex-prostitute who has a reputation as a dirty fighter. She orders them to leave, threatening to sell the house, as the days pass, Maggie develops bedsores and undergoes an amputation for an infected leg. She asks a favor of Frankie, to help her die, a horrified Frankie refuses, and Maggie later bites her tongue repeatedly in an attempt to bleed to death, but the medical staff saves her and takes measures to prevent further suicide attempts. The pastor Frankie has harassed for 23 years, Father Horvak, Frankie sneaks in one night, unaware that Scrap is watching from the shadows. Just before administering an injection of adrenaline, he finally tells Maggie the meaning of a nickname he gave her, Mo Chuisle, Irish for my darling. He never returns to the gym, scraps narration is revealed to be a letter to Frankies daughter, informing her of her fathers true character
21.
Academy Award for Best Actress
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The Academy Award for Best Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actress who has delivered a performance in a leading role while working within the film industry. The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with Janet Gaynor receiving the award for her roles in 7th Heaven, Street Angel, and Sunrise. Currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the branch of AMPAS. In the first three years of the awards, actresses were nominated as the best in their categories, at that time, all of their work during the qualifying period was listed after the award. The following year, this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actress is nominated for a performance in a single film. Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937, the category was officially limited to five nominations per year, one actress has been nominated posthumously, Jeanne Eagels. Only three film characters have been nominated more than once in this category, elizabeth I of England, Leslie Crosbie in The Letter, and Esther Blodgett in A Star is Born. Six women on the list have received an Honorary Academy Award for their acting, they are Greta Garbo, Barbara Stanwyck, Mary Pickford, Deborah Kerr, Gena Rowlands, since its inception, the award has been given to 74 actresses. Katharine Hepburn has won the most awards in this category, with four Oscars, meryl Streep, who has a total of 20 Oscar nominations, has been nominated in this category on 16 occasions, resulting in two awards. As of the 2017 ceremony, Emma Stone is the most recent winner in category for her role as Mia Dolan in La La Land. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31, for the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1,1932 to December 31,1933
22.
2013 Golden Globe Awards
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The 70th Golden Globe Awards honoring the best in film and television of 2012, was broadcast live from the Beverly Hilton Hotel in Beverly Hills, California on January 13,2013, by NBC. Tina Fey and Amy Poehler co-hosted, nominations were announced on December 13 by Jessica Alba, Megan Fox and Ed Helms. DeMille Award, honoring the achievements of actors and filmmakers, was announced on November 1,2012. The ceremony was produced by Dick Clark Productions in association with the Hollywood Foreign Press Association and these are the nominees for the 70th Golden Globe Awards. Winners are listed at the top of each list
23.
66th British Academy Film Awards
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The 66th British Academy Film Awards, more commonly known as the BAFTAs, were held on 10 February 2013 at the Royal Opera House in London, honouring the best national and foreign films of 2012. The nominations were announced on 9 January 2013, stephen Fry hosted the ceremony, where Argo won Best Film and Best Director for Ben Affleck. Daniel Day-Lewis won Best Actor for Lincoln and Emmanuelle Riva won Best Actress for Amour, christoph Waltz won Best Supporting Actor for Django Unchained and Anne Hathaway won Best Supporting Actress for Les Misérables. Skyfall, directed by Sam Mendes, was voted Outstanding British Film of 2012, sir Alan Parker received the BAFTA Fellowship and Tessa Ross garnered the BAFTA Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema Award
24.
Bookmaker
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A bookmaker, bookie, or turf accountant is an organization that, or a person who, takes bets on sporting and other events at agreed-upon odds. When a large bet comes in, a bookmaker may also try to lay off the risk by buying bets from other bookmakers. Bookmakers do not generally attempt to make money from the bets themselves but rather by acting as market makers and their working methods are similar to that of an actuary, who does a similar balancing of financial outcomes of events for the assurance and insurance industries. Depending on jurisdiction, bookmaking may be legal or illegal, and is often regulated, however, gambling debts were unenforceable under English law until the Gambling Act 2005. Many bookmakers are members of IBAS, an industry organisation used to settle disputes, bookmaking is generally illegal in the United States, with Nevada being a notable exception due to the influence of Las Vegas. In some countries, such as Singapore, Sweden, Canada, and Japan, in Canada, this is part of the lottery program and is known as Sport Select. Following the Gaming Act 1845, the only gambling allowed in the United Kingdom was at race tracks, the introduction of special excursion trains meant that all classes of society could attend the new racecourses opening across the country. Cash concentrated towards the bookmakers who employed bodyguards against protection gangs operating within the vast crowds, in 1961, Harold Macmillans Conservative government legalised betting shops, with tough measures enacted to ensure that bookmakers remained honest. A large industry has grown since, at one time, there were over 15,000 betting shops. Now, through consolidation, they have reduced to between 9,100 and 9,200 in 2013. The group of the largest bookmakers in the country, known as the Big Three, comprises William Hill, Ladbrokes, improved TV coverage and the modernisation of the law have allowed betting in shops and casinos in most countries. A so-called super-casino had been planned for construction in Manchester, although online gambling first started in 1994 when the licensing authority of Antigua and Barbuda passed the Free Trade & Processes Act, bookmakers did not get involved until 2001. They were forced to act when research at the time there were eight million online players worldwide. The main websites require bets to be from countries where Internet gambling is allowed, some small bookmakers and startups purchase software from specialized white label solution providers. Controversially, the explosion in Internet gambling is being linked to a rise in gambling addiction, according to the UKs help and advice organizations for addicts, GamCare and Gamblers Anonymous. These online exchange markets operate a market index of prices near but usually not at 100% competitiveness, true wholesale odds are odds that operate at 100% of probabilistic outcomes. Betting exchanges compete with the traditional bookmaker, however, traditionally, arbitrage has always been possible by backing all outcomes with bookmakers, as opposed to laying an outcome on an exchange. Exchanges, however, allow bookmakers to see the state of the market and set their odds accordingly, with the increasing number of online betting exchanges, betting exchanges are now providing free bet offers in an attempt to lure customers away from the competition
25.
Philadelphia Eagles
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The Philadelphia Eagles are a professional American football franchise based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Eagles compete in the National Football League as a club of the leagues National Football Conference East division. The franchise was established in 1933 as a replacement for the bankrupt Frankford Yellow Jackets, when a group led by Bert Bell secured the rights to an NFL franchise in Philadelphia. Bell, Chuck Bednarik, Bob Brown, Reggie White, Steve Van Buren, Tommy McDonald, Greasy Neale, Pete Pihos, Sonny Jurgensen, the team has an intense rivalry with the New York Giants. This rivalry is the oldest in the NFC East and is among the oldest in the NFL and they also have a historic rivalry with the Washington Redskins, as well as their bitter rivalry with the Dallas Cowboys, which has become more high-profile in the last three decades. The team consistently ranks in the top three in attendance and has sold out every game since the 1999 season, in a Sports Illustrated poll of 321 NFL players, Eagles fans were selected the most intimidating fans in the NFL. Midway through the 1931 season, the Frankford Yellow Jackets went bankrupt, the Bell-Wray group had to pay an entry fee of $3,500 and assumed a total debt of $11,000 that was owed to three other NFL franchises. Neither the Eagles nor the NFL officially regard the two franchises as the same, citing the period of dormancy. Furthermore, almost no Yellow Jackets players were on the Eagles first roster, the Eagles, along with the Pittsburgh Steelers and the now-defunct Cincinnati Reds, joined the NFL as expansion teams. To accommodate football at Shibe Park during the winter, management set up stands in right field, some 20 feet high, these east stands had 22 rows of seats. The goalposts stood along the first base line and in left field, the uncovered east stands enlarged capacity of Shibe Park to over 39,000, but the Eagles rarely drew more than 25 to 30,000. The Eagles struggled over the course of their first decade, enduring repeated losing seasons, soon after, Bell and Rooney traded the Eagles franchise to Thompson and moved it to Pittsburgh, while Thompson moved the Steelers franchise to Philadelphia. By the late 1940s, head coach Earle Greasy Neale and running back Steve Van Buren led the team to three consecutive NFL Championship Games, winning two of them in 1948 and 1949. After the 1957 season, the Eagles moved from Connie Mack Stadium to Franklin Field at the University of Pennsylvania, Franklin Field would seat over 60,000 for the Eagles, whereas Connie Mack had a capacity of 39,000. The stadium switched from grass to AstroTurf in 1969 and it was the first NFL stadium to use artificial turf. In 1960, the Eagles won their third NFL championship, under the leadership of future Pro Football Hall of Famers Norm Van Brocklin and Chuck Bednarik, the head coach was Buck Shaw. The 1960 Eagles, by a score of 17–13, became the team to defeat Vince Lombardi. The Eagles had a good 1961 season and then fell on hard times in 1962
26.
Dallas Cowboys
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The Dallas Cowboys are a professional American football team based in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. The Cowboys compete in the National Football League as a club of the leagues National Football Conference East division. The team is headquartered in Frisco, Texas, and plays its games at AT&T Stadium in Arlington, Texas. The stadium took its current name prior to the 2013 season, the Cowboys joined the NFL as an expansion team in 1960. The teams national following might best be represented by its NFL record of consecutive sell-outs, the Cowboys streak of 190 consecutive sold-out regular and post-season games began in 2002. This has also corresponded to eight NFC championships, most in the NFC, the Cowboys are the only NFL team to record 20 straight winning seasons, in which they only missed the playoffs twice, an NFL record that remains unchallenged. In 2015, the Dallas Cowboys became the first sports team to be valued at $4 billion, making it the most valuable team in the world. The Cowboys also generated $620 million in revenue in 2014, a record for a U. S. sports team. Prior to the formation of the Dallas Cowboys, there had not been an NFL team south of Washington, D. C. since the Dallas Texans folded in 1952. Oilman Clint Murchison Jr. had been trying to get an NFL expansion team in Dallas, Murchison had tried to purchase the Washington Redskins from Marshall in 1958. An agreement was struck, but as the deal was about to be finalized and this infuriated Murchison and he called off the deal. Marshall then opposed any franchise for Murchison in Dallas, since NFL expansion needed unanimous approval from team owners at that time, Marshalls position would prevent Murchison from joining the league. Marshall had an out with the Redskins band leader Barnee Breeskin. Breeskin had written the music to the Redskins fight song Hail to the Redskins, Breeskin owned the rights to the song and was aware of Murchisons plight to get an NFL franchise. Angry with Marshall, Breeskin approached Murchisons attorney to him the rights to the song before the expansion vote in 1959. Murchison purchased Hail to the Redskins for $2,500, before the vote to award franchises in 1959, Murchison revealed to Marshall that he owned the song and Marshall could not play it during games. After a few Marshall expletives, Murchison gave the rights to Hail to the Redskins to Marshall for his vote, the one against Murchison getting a franchise at that time. From 1970 through 1979, the Cowboys won 105 regular season games, in addition, they appeared in 5 and won two Super Bowls, at the end of the 1971 and 1977 regular seasons
27.
Dash Mihok
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Dashiell Raymond Dash Mihok is an American actor best known for playing Bunchy Donovan in the Showtime drama Ray Donovan. Mihok was born in New York City, New York, the son of actors Andrea Mihok and he has two older sisters, Gwen Mihok, an actress, and Cecily Trenka, a science teacher. He is of part Czech descent and he grew up in Greenwich Village and lived in the artist community Westbeth on Bank Street. Mihok went to PS3, an elementary school in Manhattan. He attended the Center School for middle school, while attending Bronx High School of Science, where he played baseball as a middle infielder, Mihok joined CityKids Repertory, and appeared in on the short-lived TV show, CityKids. Mihok also attended the Professional Childrens School in Manhattan with best friend and he attended Fordham University for some pre-college, but started working around the age of 18 so never completed his degree. Mihok has been featured in roles in such as The Day After Tomorrow, The Perfect Storm, The Thin Red Line, Lifted, Romeo + Juliet, I Am Legend. He has had starring roles in independent features such as Telling You, Mihok studied Shakespeare to prepare for Romeo + Juliet, and had five extensive audition sessions with director Baz Luhrmann before landing the role of Benvolio. He played Detective Martin Soap in the film Punisher, War Zone, Mihok currently co-stars as Brendan Bunchy Donovan in the Showtime drama Ray Donovan. For the show the cast works out at the Santa Monica, in 2014 he portrayed Whelan, in the Horror-thriller film Before I Wake and co-starred in the Mike Flanagan directed film Annabeth Gish, Thomas Jane and Kate Bosworth. He can be seen dancing opposite then-girlfriend Alanis Morissette in her music video So Pure, Mihok is a photographer as well. His photography of Morissette is used on the cover of her Thank U single and is credited for Supposed Former Infatuation Junkie. Mihok appeared on Sicilian-Puerto Rican New York-based rapper Sabac Reds record Sabacolypse, A Change Gon Come, Mihok directed a short film called Abby in 2011. The film stars his sister, Gwen, Mihok portrayed the character Gage in the 2013 Payday 2 web series. Mihok was named after writer Dashiell Hammett, the author of The Thin Man, The Glass Key and his last name is usually mispronounced me-Hawk, but he says the Czech surname is pronounced my-Hawk. Mihok was diagnosed with Tourette syndrome at age six, and is the spokesperson for the nonprofit Jaylens Challenge, Mihok said that one reason he became an actor was probably because he was experienced so well in hiding his Tourettes, that he was acting all the time. He said the focus required of acting allows him to many of his tics. Mihok says the biggest misconception about Tourettes Syndrome is about vocal tics, not everyone with Tourettes does that, Tics tend to wax and wane, not everybodys screaming obscenities all the time
28.
Harvey Weinstein
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Harvey Weinstein, CBE is an American film producer and film studio executive. He is best known as co-founder of Miramax, which produced several independent films including Pulp Fiction, Sex, Lies and Videotape, The Crying Game. He and his brother Bob have been co-chairmen of The Weinstein Company, their production company. Weinstein was born in Flushing, New York and he was raised in a Jewish family, the son of Max Weinstein, a diamond cutter, and Miriam. He grew up with his brother, Bob Weinstein, in a housing co-op named Electchester in New York City. He graduated from John Bowne High School, and then the University at Buffalo, Weinstein, his brother Bob, and Corky Burger independently produced rock concerts as Harvey & Corky Productions in Buffalo through most of the 1970s. Both Weinstein brothers had grown up with a passion for movies, in the late 1970s, using profits from their concert promotion business, the brothers created a small independent film distribution company named Miramax, named after their parents, Miriam and Max. The companys first releases were primarily music-oriented concert films such as Paul McCartneys Rockshow, in the early 1980s Miramax acquired the rights to two British films of benefit shows filmed for the human rights organization Amnesty International. Working closely with Martin Lewis, the producer of the original films, the resulting film was released as The Secret Policemans Other Ball in May 1982 and it became Miramaxs first hit. The movie raised considerable sums for Amnesty International and was credited by Amnesty with having helped to raise its profile in the United States, the Weinsteins slowly built upon this success throughout the 1980s with arthouse films that achieved critical attention and modest commercial success. The publicity that surrounded the case resulted in the release of Adams. In 1989, their successful release of Steven Soderberghs Sex, Lies. Also in 1989, Miramax released two films, The Cook, the Thief, His Wife & Her Lover and director Pedro Almodóvars film Tie Me Up. Both of which the MPAA rating board gave an X-rating, effectively stopping nationwide release for these films, Weinstein sued the MPAA over the rating system. His lawsuit was thrown out, but got the MPAA to agree to introduce the new NC-17 rating. Miramax continued to grow its library of films and directors until, in 1993, after the success of The Crying Game, Miramax won its first Academy Award for Best Picture in 1997 with the victory of The English Patient. This started a string of successes that included Good Will Hunting Shakespeare in Love. In 2004, Weinstein was appointed an honourary Commander of the Order of the British Empire in recognition of his contributions to the British film industry
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