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Smart card
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A smart card, chip card, or integrated circuit card, is a card used to control access to a resource. It is typically a plastic credit card-sized card with an embedded integrated circuit chip. Many sma
Finnish national identity card
Finnish national identity card
One of the first smart card prototypes, created by its inventor Roland Moreno around 1975. The chip has not yet been miniaturized. On this prototype,
One of the first smart card prototypes, created by its inventor Roland Moreno around 1975. The chip has not yet been miniaturized. On this prototype, one can see how each pin of the microchip (center) is connected to the exterior world by a copper connector.
4 by 4 mm silicon chip in a SIM card, which was peeled open. Note the thin gold bonding wires and the regular, rectangular digital-memory areas.
4 by 4 mm silicon chip in a SIM card, which was peeled open. Note the thin gold bonding wires and the regular, rectangular digital-memory areas.
Contact-type smart cards may have many different contact pad layouts, such as these SIMs.
Contact-type smart cards may have many different contact pad layouts, such as these SIMs.
Helmut Gröttrup
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Helmut Gröttrup was a German engineer, rocket scientist and inventor of the smart card. During World War II, he worked in the German V-2 rocket program under Wernher von Braun. From 1946 to 1950 he he
Smart card
…the IC chip onto a plastic card. The idea of incorporating an integrated circuit chip onto a plastic card was first introduced by the German engineer Helmut Gröttrup. In February 1967, Gröttrup filed the patents DE1574074 and DE1574075 in West Germany for a tamper-proof identification switch based on a semiconductor…
Gröttrup, c. 1977
Gröttrup, c. 1977
Helmut Gröttrup explaining the basic principles of rockets (1958)
Helmut Gröttrup explaining the basic principles of rockets (1958)
Functional prototype of Giesecke & Devrient's first banknote processing system ISS 300 (1974)
Functional prototype of Giesecke & Devrient's first banknote processing system ISS 300 (1974)
Sensor section of ISS 300 prototype (1974)
Sensor section of ISS 300 prototype (1974)