Soap is a salt of a fatty acid used in a variety of cleansing and lubricating products. In a domestic setting, soaps are used for washing and other types of housekeeping. In industry, soaps are used as thickeners, components of some lubricants, precursors to catalysts; when used for cleaning, soap solubilizes particles and grime, which can be separated from the article being cleaned. Where soaps act as surfactants, emulsifying oils to enable them to be carried away by water. Soap is created by mixing fats and oils with a base, as opposed to detergent, created by combining chemical compounds in a mixer. Humans have used soap for cleaning for millennia. Evidence exists of the production of soap-like materials in around 2800 BC in ancient Babylon. Since they are salts of fatty acids, soaps have the general formula nMn+; the major classification of soaps is determined by the identity of Mn+. When M is Na or K, the soaps are called toilet soaps, used for handwashing. Many metal dications give metallic soap.

When M is Li, the result is lithium soap, used in high-performance greases. Soaps are key components of most lubricating thickeners. Greases are emulsions of calcium soap or lithium soap and mineral oil. Many other metallic soaps are useful, including those of aluminium and mixtures thereof; such soaps are used as thickeners to increase the viscosity of oils. In ancient times, lubricating greases were made by the addition of lime to olive oil. Metal soaps are included in modern artists' oil paints formulations as a rheology modifier. Most metal soaps are prepared by neutralization of purified fatty acids: 2 RCO2H + CaO → 2Ca + H2O In a domestic setting, "soap" refers to what is technically called a toilet soap, used for household and personal cleaning; when used for cleaning, soap solubilizes particles and grime, which can be separated from the article being cleaned. The insoluble oil/fat molecules become associated inside micelles, tiny spheres formed from soap molecules with polar hydrophilic groups on the outside and encasing a lipophilic pocket, which shields the oil/fat molecules from the water making it soluble.

Anything, soluble will be washed away with the water. The production of toilet soaps entails saponification of fats. Triglycerides are fats. An alkaline solution induces saponification whereby the triglyceride fats first hydrolyze into salts of fatty acids. Glycerol is liberated; the glycerin can remain in the soap product as a softening agent, although it is sometimes separated. The type of alkali metal used determines the kind of soap product. Sodium soaps, prepared from sodium hydroxide, are firm, whereas potassium soaps, derived from potassium hydroxide, are softer or liquid. Potassium hydroxide was extracted from the ashes of bracken or other plants. Lithium soaps tend to be hard; these are used in greases. For making toilet soaps, triglycerides are derived from coconut, olive, or palm oils, as well as tallow. Triglyceride is the chemical name for the triesters of fatty acids and glycerin. Tallow, i.e. rendered beef fat, is the most available triglyceride from animals. Each species offers quite different fatty acid content, resulting in soaps of distinct feel.

The seed oils give softer but milder soaps. Soap made from pure olive oil, sometimes called Castile soap or Marseille soap, is reputed for its particular mildness; the term "Castile" is sometimes applied to soaps from a mixture of oils, but a high percentage of olive oil. The earliest recorded evidence of the production of soap-like materials dates back to around 2800 BC in ancient Babylon. A formula for soap consisting of water and cassia oil was written on a Babylonian clay tablet around 2200 BC; the Ebers papyrus indicates the ancient Egyptians bathed and combined animal and vegetable oils with alkaline salts to create a soap-like substance. Egyptian documents mention. In the reign of Nabonidus, a recipe for soap consisted of uhulu and sesame "for washing the stones for the servant girls". In ancient Israel, the ashes from barilla plants, such as species of Salsola and Anabasis, were used in soap production, known as potash. Soap made from potash is alkaline. If animal lard were used, it was kept lukewarm.

Lard, collected from suet, needed to be strained before being used with ashes. Traditionally, olive oil was used instead of animal lard throughout the Levant, boiled in a copper cauldron for several days; as the boiling progresses, alkali ashes and smaller quantities of quicklime were added, stirred. In the case of lard, it required constant stirring. Once it began to thicken, the brew was left to cool and harden for 2 weeks. After hardening, it was cut into smaller cakes. Aromatic herbs were added to the rendered soap to impart their fragrance, such as yarrow leaves, germander, etc; the ancient method here described is still in use in the production of Nabulsi soap. The word sapo, Latin for soap was borrowed from an early Germanic language and is cognate with Latin

Gladys Atwater was an American screenwriter active from the 1930s through the 1950s. She was sometimes credited as G. V. Atwater. Gladys was one of five daughters born to Hannah Surphlis in Oakland, California. Valerga attended Oakland High School, graduated from the school in June 1917. In Oakland, she married Curtiss Atwater in 1922. By 1940, Gladys had obtained a divorce and moved to Beverly Hills, where she began working for film studios, her first known contribution while under contract at RKO was to the 1937 screenplay for Criminal Lawyer, which she co-wrote with Tom Lennon. Through the 1960s, she continued working collaborating with writer-producer J. Robert Bren. Together, they had a company worked on more than 60 scripts and stories together; the Treasure of Pancho Villa Overland Pacific The Great Sioux Uprising El Paso First Yank into Tokyo American Empire Underground Agent In Old California Argentine Nights Parents on Trial Five Little Peppers and How They Grew Crime Ring This Marriage Business Crashing Hollywood Criminal Lawyer The Man Who Found Himself

Elie Seckbach is an Israeli -born, American writer, covering the NBA since 1997 along with Boxing and Olympic Sports. His YouTube Channel EsNews has over 500,000 Subscribers, he has worked for the Los Angeles Daily News, CBS-TV, NBC-TV, FOX 11 NEWS as well as news outlets in Israel. Seckbach was sampled in the Lil Wayne song Kobe Bryant and has played himself in the film Who Shot Mamaba. In 2008, he began reporting for AOL Sports FanHouse In October 2008 he began reporting for NBC-TV's website covering the Los Angeles Lakers. In September 2008 Seckbach was a featured speaker at The Blog World convention in Las Vegas talking about new media and journalism. In 2011 Seckbach produced a reality show about top boxing trainer, Robert Garcia, trainer of year 2011, 2012, 2013 there are over 100 episodes of the Robert Garcia Reality Show. In March 2018 Seckbach was featured in an article in Ring Magazine as one of the pioneers of covering boxing online Ring Magazine Article. In September 2018 The LA Times featured Seckbach in a story -'Elie Seckbach Has Pioneered A New Way To Cover Boxing With His Viral Videos and titled him "The Most Influential Reporter In Boxing."

In November 2019 The WBA honored Seckbach during their 98'th annual convention for his contribution to the sport of boxing. Seckbach worked as a boxing correspondent for AOL Sports FanHouse before going on to establish his own boxing video news website. FOX 11 News in Los Angeles have interviewed Seckbach about his boxing coverage YouTube reporter Elie Seckbach talks boxing for ESNews, Internet hate and more For his work in broadcast television Seckbach has won two Emmy Awards and a Golden Mike Along with the Associated Press Mark Twin Award. Yahoo Sports Lil Wayne releases new track called'Kobe Bryant' AOL Sports / FanHouse Lil Wayne Samples Elie Seckbach AOL Sports IMDB Who Shot Mamba Youtube.com LA Daily News Academy of Television Arts & Sciences Sacramento Bee Interview Elie Seckbach on IMDb Template:Http://www.latimes.com/sports/boxing/la-sp-ggg-canelo-hernandez-20180913-story.html Template:Http://www.foxla.com/entertainment/features/elie-seckbach-talks-boxing-reee-porting-for-esnews-internet-hate-and-more Template:Https://www.ringtv.com/article/at-the-fights-2/