Somosierra (mountain pass)
…3.9-kilometre-long (2.4 mi) rail tunnel. The road was originally a track opened up by Napoleon to provide a direct route to Madrid. In 1808 this led to the Battle of Somosierra between French-Polish and Spanish forces. In 1936, at the beginning of the Spanish Civil War, the Battle of Somosierra (1936) took place in the heights…