Sonderdienst were mostly non-German Nazi paramilitary formations created in the occupied General Government during the occupation of Poland in World War II. They were based on similar SS formations ca
Leaders of General Government during inspection of Sonderdienst battalions: from right, Generalgouverneur Hans Frank, Higher SS and Police Leader Herbert Becker and Secretary of State Ernst Boepple
Sonderdienst battalion in occupied Kraków, July 1940
Gauleiter Hans Frank and Sonderdienst leaders in Kraków, 1941
Hiwis from one of two Sonderdienst battalions trained by Karl Streibel at the Trawniki training camp during the firearms artillery subjugation of Warsaw. Photo from Jürgen Stroop Report, 1943
During World War II, Trawniki men were Eastern European Nazi collaborators, consisting of either volunteers or recruits from prisoner-of-war camps set up by Nazi Germany for Soviet Red Army soldiers c
Sonderdienst
…force thereafter. After Operation Barbarossa began in 1941, they also included Soviet prisoners of war who volunteered for special training, such as the Trawniki men (German: Trawnikimänner) deployed at all major killing sites of the "Final Solution". Many of those men did not know German and required translation…
Inspection of Trawnikimänner (some of them still wearing Soviet Budenovkas) by SS-Hauptsturmführer Karl Streibel (center) at the SS Trawniki training division. As Hiwis, they were tasked with liquidating Nazi-era Jewish ghettos in occupied Poland
Stroop Report Trawniki shooters during the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, with Jürgen Stroop (on the right), 1943 at the Umschlagplatz, with Stawki 5/7 in the back. Their military overcoats came from the Allgemeine-SS surplus no longer used by the German SS.
Picture of Trawniki guards at Sobibor, taken in 1943. Demjanjuk has been "inconclusively identified" as the guard who is front and center, lying on the ground